Misplaced Pages

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73-562: In 1960, Dale Knapschafer suggested a trail be built linking Wharton and Lebanon State Forests. The next year, Batona Hiking Club (Batona being a condensed form of the phrase, "BAck TO NAture") president Morris Bardock contacted the Department of Conservation and Economic Development in New Jersey for permission to construct such a trail. After receiving permission from the state, Morris Bardock and Walter Korszniak made exploratory trips to figure out

146-619: A 1778 $ 20 bill from Georgia as an early example of the colonial use of the coiled rattlesnake symbol, which later became famous on the Gadsden flag , a flag that has been used by advocates of libertarianism , individualism , and small government . This species is classified as least concern on the IUCN Red List (assessed in 2007). Species are listed as such due to their wide distribution, presumed large population, or because they are unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in

219-475: A cloverleaf interchange. A short distance past I-295, Route 70 passes over the New Jersey Turnpike without an interchange before widening into an eight-lane highway and continuing east to the intersections of Greentree Road ( CR 674 ) and Springdale Road ( CR 673 ). Following the intersection of Springdale Road (CR 673), the road narrows back to four lanes before it encounters the intersection of CR 600 ,

292-687: A former alignment of the road known as Old Marlton Pike. Route 70 crosses the Pennsauken Creek into Evesham Township , Burlington County , running east through more commercial areas within the Marlton section of the township. A short distance later, the route intersects Route 73 at a partial cloverleaf interchange that was formerly the Marlton Circle . After this interchange, the road heads east passing through some more commercial areas and then into residential neighborhoods that are separated from

365-464: A goodwill flight to the United States from Mexico. Every year a ceremony is held on July 13 to remember Emilio Carranza's life and achievements. Apple Pie Hill is the highest point along the trail at 205 feet (62 m) above sea level. The hill sports a 60-foot (18 m) fire tower at the summit, providing impressive panoramic views across the region and making it a popular destination. There

438-601: A more neutral point of view. The timber rattlesnake is one of 36 species in the genus Crotalus. This genus can be distinguished from Sistrurus by the small scales atop the head, rather than nine large scales found on Sistrurus. Adults usually grow to total length of 91–152 cm (36–60 in). In Pennsylvania , the smallest size females that could produce viable eggs was 72.2 cm (28.4 in). Most adult timber rattlesnakes found measure less than 115 cm (45 in) in total length and weigh between 500 and 1,500 g (1.1 and 3.3 lb), often being towards

511-520: A more threatened category. The timber rattlesnake is listed as endangered in New Jersey, Ohio, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts , Virginia, Indiana, New York , Illinois, and New Hampshire. In New York, timber rattlesnakes are "extirpated at 26% of historically known dens, and nearly extirpated at another 5%". Brown (1984, 1988) suggested denning populations in New York have been reduced by 50 to 75% of their historical numbers. In Massachusetts,

584-490: A part of pre-1927 Route 18 in 1923, a route that was to run from Camden to Toms River. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering , Route 40 was designated to run from Camden to Lakewood along the current alignment of Route 70. In addition a spur of this route called Route S40 (now Route 72) was designated to head from the route at the Four Mile Circle to Manahawkin . Eventually, the eastern terminus of Route 40

657-633: A population here that is disconnected from other populations in the Carolinas and the Florida Panhandle . The Pine Barrens location makes it the fringe of both northern and southern species, such as the yellow fringed orchid . The Annual Fall Endurance Run/Walk on the Batona Trail is generally held the first weekend in November. An annual ultramarathon event has been held running varying distances of

730-482: A population in the Adirondack Mountains of New York found that the first reproduction occurs at a mean age of 9.6 years. The mean length of reproductive cycles is 4.2 years, the mean reproductive life span is 9.6 years, and the average fecundity is 7.7 offspring per litter. Nonviable offspring were found in 20% of the field litters. Most females only reproduced once. Macrogeographic differences were observed within

803-478: A prominent symbol of American anger and resolve during the American Revolution due to its fearsome reputation. In the 18th century, European-trained doctors and scientists had little firsthand experience with or information on timber rattlesnakes, and treatment of their bites was poorly effective. The motto Nemo me impune lacesset (with the verb in the future tense ) appears above a Crotalus horridus on

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876-733: A route in the winter and spring of 1961 for the future trail. Through the help of volunteers, the first 30 miles (48 km) of the trail was completed over the summer, and the final pink blaze was painted on a tree near New Jersey Route 70 in Lebanon State Forest on September 16, 1961. Bardock chose pink blazes for the Batona Trail. The trail originally connected Carpenter Spring in Lebanon State Forest (now Brendan T. Byrne State Forest) and Batsto Village in Wharton State Forest. At this time Batsto ( batstu meaning "bath place" in Swedish )

949-756: A short distance to the south of the Cherry Hill Station . In this area, Route 70 passes to the south of a retail and residential development at the former site of the Garden State Park Racetrack before crossing the intersection of Grove Street/Haddonfield Road ( CR 644 ). Past this intersection, the route narrows to four lanes and turns more to the east as it comes to the Ellisburg area. In Ellisburg, it has an intersection with Kings Highway ( Route 41 /CR 573) and Brace Road ( Route 154 ). The road runs through more suburban areas as it encounters I-295 at

1022-432: A single death resulting from its bite. Considerable geographic and ontogenetic variation occurs regarding the toxicity of the venom, which can be said for many rattlesnake species. Four venom patterns have been described for this species: Type A is largely neurotoxic , and is found in various parts of the southern range. One effect of the toxin can be generalized myokymia . Type B is hemorrhagic and proteolytic , and

1095-644: A tree looking at the squirrel and waiting for it to come down. The primary foods by genera of timber rattlesnakes were as follows: Peromyscus (33.3%), Microtus (10.9%), Tamias (qv) (10.6%), Sylvilagus (10.4%), Sigmodon (5.3%) and Sciurus (4.2%). Based on examination of the snout-to-vent length, juvenile timber rattlesnakes were found to differ slightly in dietary preferences from adult rattlesnakes, being more likely to consume smaller prey such as shrews (averaging 8 g (0.28 oz) and unable to attack subadult eastern cottontail rabbits (averaging 500–1,000 g (1.1–2.2 lb) but Peromyscus

1168-471: A very toxic bite. C. horridus is the only rattlesnake species in most of the populous Northeastern United States and is second only to its relatives to the west, the prairie rattlesnake , as the most northerly distributed venomous snake in North America. No subspecies are currently recognized. The timber rattlesnake was one of the many reptile species originally described by Carl Linnaeus in

1241-402: A waiting site for prey to pass by, giving them an elevated perch from which to effectively strike their prey, which is almost entirely terrestrial rather than arboreal (even arboreal prey such as squirrels tend to be caught when they come to the ground). If the arboreal prey (squirrels) are in the trees, it was found that the snake might indicate vertical tree posture, meaning it leans up against

1314-648: Is a 12-foot-high (3.7 m) monument dedicated to Captain Aviator Emilio Carranza , whose plane crashed here on July 13, 1928. Carranza was born in Mexico in 1905 and began flying at a young age, after fighting against the Yaqui in the Yaqui rebellion. At age 22, he made the third longest non-stop flight. Carranza crashed in the pinelands of Tabernacle, New Jersey , along what is now known as Carranza Road while returning from

1387-533: Is a diverse range of other plants, including a wide variety of shrubs, grasses, sedges, rushes, ferns, mosses, and herbaceous wildflowers. Notable plants that may be seen along the trail include wild orchids; carnivorous plants such as the sundews ( Drosera spp.), the pitcher plant ( Sarracenia purpurea ), and the bladderworts ( Utricularia spp.); and the prickly pear cactus ( Opuntia humifusa ). 39 species of mammals, 229 bird species, 59 reptile and amphibian species, and 91 fish species have been reported within

1460-601: Is a system of eight additional trails in the state forest that connect to the Batona Trail. The Batona Trail through Bass River State Forest is maintained by the State Park Service, the Outdoor Club of South Jersey and the Batona Hiking Club. 39°37′16″N 74°32′35″W  /  39.621°N 74.543°W  / 39.621; -74.543 New Jersey Route 70 Route 70 is a state highway located in

1533-672: Is also a multilane divided highway that runs through suburban areas. The portion of the current route between Whitesbog and Lakehurst became a part of pre-1927 Route 18 in 1923. In 1927, Route 40 was legislated to run from Camden to Lakewood ; the termini were eventually moved to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken and the Laurelton Circle in Brick . Route 40 became Route 70 in 1953 in order to avoid conflicting with US 40 ; in addition,

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1606-405: Is found consistently in the north and in parts of the southeast. Type A + B is found in areas where the aforementioned types apparently intergrade in southwestern Arkansas and northern Louisiana . Type C venom has none of the above components and is relatively weak. The neurotoxic component of the type A venom is referred to as canebrake toxin, and is a phospholipase A 2 . It is analogous to

1679-446: Is one of North America's most dangerous snakes, due to its long fangs, impressive size, and high venom yield. This is to some degree offset by its relatively mild disposition and long brumation period. Before striking, they often perform a good deal of preliminary rattling and feinting. Cist (1845) described how he lived in western Pennsylvania for many years, and the species was quite common there, but in all that time, he heard of only

1752-596: Is so rare in the state that it is rarely encountered by people and is considered endangered, making it illegal to harass, kill, collect, or possess. In September 2021, a five-foot long timber rattlesnake was recorded on video on a trail in the Blue Hills Reservation. Timber rattlesnakes have already been extirpated in Maine and Rhode Island and only one population remains in New Hampshire. They are protected in many of

1825-624: Is sporadic, usually in atypical areas. The most common vegetation community type in uplands is Pine/Oak Forest, composed of the typical pines and various oaks ( Quercus spp.), with an understory of ericaceous shrubs, mainly huckleberries ( Gaylussacia spp.). The wetlands are typically stood of Atlantic white cedar ( Chamaecyparis thyoides ), or mixed hardwood swamps mainly composed of red maple ( Acer rubrum ), black gum ( Nyssa sylvatica ), gray birch ( Betula populifolia ), swamp magnolia ( Magnolia virginiana ), and highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum ). Another very common wetland forest

1898-610: Is the Pitch Pine Lowland, which is dominated by pitch pine, but may include a wide variety of other wetland species. Another common tree seen along the trail is the sassafras ( Sassafras albidum ). There are a number of wild edibles, such as berries from bearberry ( Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ), teaberry ( Gaultheria procumbens ), huckleberry ( Gaylussacia spp.), blackberry ( Rubus spp.), cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon ), and blueberry ( Vaccinium spp.); young shoots from briers ( Smilax spp.); and acorns from oaks. There

1971-566: Is under study to support the reintroducing of this predator of many pests to its former Canadian habitat. Many were present in some of the thick forest areas of central and southeastern Iowa , mostly within the Mississippi , Skunk , Iowa , and Des Moines River valleys, in several places in these areas; bites from timber rattlesnakes have been widespread, especially in a localized area of Geode State Park , in southeastern Henry County , along Credit Island Park, in southern Scott County , and in

2044-475: Is used to treat envenomations from this species. The timber rattlesnake was designated the state reptile of West Virginia in 2008. That state's legislature praised "...a proud contribution by the eighth grade class at Romney Middle School , from West Virginia's oldest county, in West Virginia's oldest town, to have been instrumental in making the timber rattlesnake the state reptile..." This snake became

2117-494: The September 11 attacks . After the bridge, the route turns north through residential areas and becomes a divided highway again, briefly forming the border between Wall Township to the west and Brielle to the east before fully entering Wall Township. Route 70 ends at the former Brielle Circle intersection with Route 34 and Route 35 , where the road continues north on Route 35. The Camden, Ellisburg, and Marlton Turnpike

2190-651: The U.S. state of New Jersey . It extends 59.8 mi (96.24 km) from an interchange with Route 38 in Pennsauken , Camden County , east to an intersection with Route 34 and Route 35 in Wall Township , Monmouth County . Route 70 cuts across the middle of the state as a two-lane highway through the Pine Barrens in Burlington and Ocean counties. A popular truck route, it provides access between Philadelphia and

2263-447: The common name canebrake rattlesnake), high areas around swamps and river floodplains , hardwood and pine forests, mountainous areas, and rural habitats in farming areas . During the summer, gravid females seem to prefer open, rocky ledges where the temperatures are higher, while males and nongravid females tend to spend more time in cooler, denser woodland with more closed forest canopy . Female timber rattlers often bask in

Batona Trail - Misplaced Pages Continue

2336-608: The Batona Trail since 2014. What originally started as a "fat ass" style (no entry fee) event became more structured in 2019 when Beast Coast Productions, LLC , began managing the event. Byrne State Forest (formerly Lebanon State Forest) has more than 25 miles (40 km) of blazed trails, including its section of the Batona Trail. The system of trails includes trails for hiking, cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, mountain biking, and wheelchair-accessible trails. The Batona Trail in this park permits hiking, cross-country skiing, and snowshoeing. The Batona Trail intersects with other trails in

2409-779: The Brielle Circle, Route 70 was also widened between the intersection with Jack Martin Boulevard in Brick Township and the former circle. In July 2004, floods caused by heavy rain washed away a bridge along the route in Southampton Township, leading for it to be replaced. The New Jersey Department of Transportation replaced the September 11th Memorial Bridge over the Manasquan River in a $ 52 million project that increased capacity on

2482-551: The Fowler's toad. Common reptiles include the northern water snake, pine snake, hognose snake, eastern garter snake, northern fence lizard, eastern painted turtle, red-bellied turtle, spotted turtle, musk turtle, and snapping turtle. The only venomous snake in the New Jersey Pine Barrens is the timber rattlesnake , which is a state-listed endangered species . The Pine Barrens tree frog , a state-listed threatened species , has

2555-608: The Pine Barrens. The road turns more to the north-northeast before heading east into Lakehurst to the south of the Lakehurst Maxfield Field naval station. In Lakehurst, Route 70 comes to the Eisenhower Traffic Circle with CR 4 and CR 12 before running through residential and commercial areas of the town. It intersects with Center Street ( CR 547 ), where it widens into a four-lane divided highway. From here,

2628-405: The bridge, added monumental decorations, and increased pedestrian access. Construction was completed in September 2008, two years ahead of schedule. Timber rattlesnake The timber rattlesnake , canebrake rattlesnake , or banded rattlesnake ( Crotalus horridus ) is a species of pit viper endemic to eastern North America. Like all other pit vipers, it is venomous , with

2701-534: The broad area of the Pinelands National Reserve. The number of native species, however, found in truly characteristic Pine Barrens, is much lower. Possums, chipmunks, squirrels, beavers, muskrats, mice, foxes, raccoons, weasels, mink, river otters, and white-tailed deer are some of the more common mammals seen in the Pinelands. Commonly seen amphibians include the green frog, leopard frog, carpenter frog, and

2774-828: The eastern United States from southern Minnesota and southern New Hampshire , south to East Texas and North Florida . One hundred and fifteen rattlesnakes have been marked within Brown County State Park in Indiana , one of the few places where they can be found in the state. Its historic range includes southern Ontario and southern Quebec in Canada , but in May 2001, the Canadian Species at Risk Act listed it as extirpated in Canada. A Canadian government sponsored recovery strategy

2847-483: The forested areas of southern Clinton County . The museum at Amana Colony, Iowa, asserts that one founding family lost their firstborn, a daughter, at the age of three, due to a rattlesnake bite she received while playing on a woodpile in the 19th century. In Pennsylvania, it is not present west of Chestnut Ridge , which is in the Laurel Highlands , nor is it present in the urban areas of the southeastern corner of

2920-698: The intersection of New Hampshire Avenue ( CR 623 ) prior to a modified cloverleaf interchange with the Garden State Parkway . From here, the route continues into Brick and passes several shopping centers, intersecting with Cedar Bridge Avenue ( CR 528 ) and Chambers Bridge Road ( CR 549 ). At the CR 528 intersection, the road is briefly an undivided highway. It turns northeast, crossing the Metedeconk River before intersecting with Route 88 . After this intersection, Route 70 passes more inhabited areas separated from

2993-622: The intersection of North Main Street/Medford-Mount Holly Road (CR 541), the route leaves the suburban development and runs through a mix of woodland and farmland with occasional homes. It enters Southampton , where the road enters more wooded surroundings before coming to US 206 at the Red Lion Circle . Past here, Route 70 loses the Marlton Pike name and continues east into the heavily wooded Pine Barrens . It passes to

Batona Trail - Misplaced Pages Continue

3066-524: The landmark 1758 10th edition of his Systema Naturae , and still bears its original name Crotalus horridus . The subspecies C. h. atricaudatus ( Latreille in Sonnini and Latreille, 1802), often referred to as the canebrake rattlesnake, is currently considered invalid. Previously, it was recognized by Gloyd (1936) and Klauber (1936). Based on an analysis of geographic variation, Pisani et al. (1972) concluded no subspecies should be recognized. This

3139-523: The lower end of that range. The maximum reported total length is 189.2 cm (74.5 in) (Klauber, 1956). Holt (1924) mentions a large specimen caught in Montgomery County, Alabama , which had a total length of 159 cm (62.5 in) and weighed 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). Large specimens can reportedly weigh as much as 4.5 kg (9.9 lb). The dorsal scales are keeled and arranged in 21–26 scale rows at midbody (usually 25 rows in

3212-417: The midline, or may be separated by many small scales. Between the supraocular and internasal scales, only a single canthal scale is present. Five to seven intersupraocular scales are seen. The number of prefoveal scales varies between two and eight. Usually, the first supralabial scale is in broad contact with the prenasal scale , although slightly to moderately separated along its posteroventral margin by

3285-516: The most anterior prefoveals. Dorsally , they have a pattern of dark brown or black crossbands on a yellowish-brown or grayish background. The crossbands have irregular zig-zag edges, and may be V- or M-shaped. Often a rust-colored vertebral stripe is present. Ventrally, they are yellowish, uniform, or marked with black. Melanism is common, and some individuals are very dark, almost solid black. The tails of C. horridus are black and can be described as 'velvety.' Timber rattlesnakes are present in

3358-414: The neurotoxins found in the venoms of several other rattlesnake species, and when present, contributes significantly to the overall toxicity. Other components found in the venom include a small basic peptide that works as a myotoxin , a fibrinogen -clotting enzyme that can produce defibrination syndrome , and a bradykinin -releasing enzyme. CroFab antivenom , while not specific for C. horridus ,

3431-518: The park, allowing visitors to create various loops for day hikes. The Batona Trail through Byrne State Forest is maintained by the State Park Service and the Batona Hiking Club. The portion of the Batona Trail through Wharton State Forest is maintained by the State Park Service and the Batona (BAck TO NAture) Hiking Club. The Batona Trail passes the Carranza Memorial within Wharton State Forest. There

3504-483: The population and may have correlated resource levels influencing growth rates and additionally human encounters could influence survival. Their prey are mainly small mammals , but may include small birds , frogs , and other small animals. Like most rattlesnakes, timber rattlesnakes are known to use chemical cues to find sites to ambush their prey and often strike their prey and track them until they can be consumed. Timber rattlesnakes are known to use fallen logs as

3577-763: The rattlesnakes between May and early June. According to Adin Ballou , when he arrived in town in 1824, snakes were still abundant, and by 1881 they were still reported in some areas of town. Since that time their habitat has been reduced to the Blue Hills south of Boston , the Berkshires in Western Massachusetts , and parts of the Connecticut River Valley , notably in the area of the Holyoke Range . The snake

3650-501: The road by trees, crossing both the intersections of Burnt Tavern Road ( CR 632 ) and Herbertsville Road ( CR 549 Spur ). A short distance later, it becomes an undivided road and crosses the Manasquan River on the September 11th Memorial Bridge, briefly entering Point Pleasant and entering Brielle , Monmouth County . The September 11th Memorial Bridge is dedicated to residents of Monmouth and Ocean counties who lost their lives in

3723-487: The road by trees, narrowing into a two-lane undivided road. It continues into a mix of suburban development and rural woods and farms as it crosses into Medford , coming to a crossroads with Medford-Evesboro Road ( CR 618 ). From this intersection, Route 70 continues east through the Medford area, passing a couple of shopping centers before crossing the intersection of North Main Street/Medford-Mount Holly Road ( CR 541 ). After

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3796-637: The route crosses over the Southern Secondary railroad line operated by the Delaware and Raritan River Railroad before coming to the Lakehurst Circle, where it intersects with the western terminus of Route 37 . Route 70 enters Manchester again past this traffic circle and becomes a two-lane undivided road, passing near the wooded residential Leisure Knoll community before crossing the intersection of Ridgeway Road ( CR 571 ). Past Ridgeway Road (CR 571),

3869-449: The route heads through wooded suburban residential and business areas, crossing into Toms River . Here, the road intersects with Whitesville Road ( CR 527 ) and Massachusetts Avenue ( CR 637 ) before becoming a four-lane divided highway again and encountering US 9 at a modified cloverleaf interchange. Following the US 9 interchange, Route 70 enters Lakewood and turns more to the east, crossing

3942-494: The same hibernaculum (especially juveniles and pregnant females ) have been reported to be more closely related to each other than to the rattlesnakes in neighboring dens; studies have suggested this behavior may be related to juveniles’ ability to track chemical cues from relatives. Timber rattlesnakes have also been found to leave dens multiple times in midwinter to briefly bask. Males often mate farther away from winter hibernacula than females. A lifetime reproduction study of

4015-426: The snakes are active from mid-May to mid-October. Early settlers were afraid of the snake, as its population was widespread throughout the state. The town of Westborough paid 13 men two shillings per day to rid a local hill of snakes in 1680. The hill had so many rattlesnakes, it was named "Boston Hill" because the number of snakes killed rivaled the population of the young city of Boston. In Milford , men would hunt

4088-607: The south of the Leisuretowne retirement village before entering predominantly rural areas, with two fire lanes paralleling the road on either side. Route 70 eventually turns slightly to the northeast and forms the border between Southampton to the north and Woodland Township to the south. Along this borderline, the route comes to the Four Mile Circle , where it intersects with the western terminus of Route 72 as well as Magnolia Road ( CR 644 ) and Four Mile Road ( CR 646 ). Past

4161-503: The southeast on Marlton Pike, a six-lane divided highway that runs through suburban residential and commercial areas. The road is also officially called the John Davison Rockefeller Memorial Highway for its entire length after John D. Rockefeller . The road enters Cherry Hill and comes to a cloverleaf interchange with Cuthbert Boulevard ( CR 636 ) before crossing under NJ Transit 's Atlantic City Line ,

4234-521: The southern part of its geographic range, and 23 rows in the northern part). The ventral scales number 158–177 in males and 163–183 in females. Males have 20–30 subcaudal scales , while females have 15–26. The rostral scale is normally a little taller than it is wide. In the internasal-prefrontal area there are 4–22 scales that include 2 large, triangular internasal scales that border the rostral, followed by two large, quadrangular prefrontal scales (anterior canthals) that may contact each other along

4307-605: The state. Also, Route 70 was designated onto its current alignment between Route 38 in Pennsauken and Route 34 and Route 35 at the Brielle Circle, removing the concurrency with Route 38 and replacing the portion of Route 34 between the Laurelton Circle and the Brielle Circle. Since 1953, many changes have occurred to Route 70. Several traffic circles that had existed on the road had been either modified or replaced by at-grade intersections. The Marlton Circle at Route 73 in Marlton

4380-498: The state. Thus, its range does not include Philadelphia and Pittsburgh , the two largest cities in Pennsylvania. C. horridus is extirpated from Michigan , Delaware , Maine and Rhode Island , and is considered close to extirpation in New Hampshire. Generally, this species is found in deciduous forests in rugged terrain. C. horridus can be found in a variety of terrestrial habitats including lowland cane thickets (thus

4453-443: The sun before giving birth, in open rocky areas known as "basking knolls". During the winter, timber rattlesnakes brumate in dens and limestone crevices, often together with copperheads and black rat snakes . Timber rattlesnakes exhibit high levels of philopatry to their natural hibernaculum, which means that they are likely to return to the same hibernaculum, or communal wintering den, each year. Timber rattlesnakes occupying

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4526-652: The surrounding Philadelphia metro area and the Jersey Shore resorts, particularly Long Beach Island by way of Route 72 . It is also a congested commercial route within Philadelphia's New Jersey suburbs. The western section in Cherry Hill and Marlton is a four- to eight-lane divided highway that serves as a major suburban arterial and is locally known as Marlton Pike . The eastern section in Monmouth and Ocean counties

4599-569: The traffic circle, Route 70 becomes the border between Pemberton Township to the north and Woodland Township to the south. The road passes to the south of the wooded Presidential Lakes Estates residential development before turning northeast through more of the Pine Barrens entirely within Pemberton Township. The road passes near some cranberry bogs before intersecting with Lakehurst Road ( CR 530 ). At this intersection, CR 530 heads east concurrently with Route 70. A short distance later,

4672-632: The trail through the northern section of the Franklin Parker Preserve . Both of these reroutes have added about 2 miles (3 km) to the overall trail length. Although the Pine Barrens, as the name suggests, are mainly flat pine forests, there is a large variety of plants and animals along the trail. The pines include, primarily, pitch pine ( Pinus rigida ), and shortleaf pine ( Pinus echinata ). White pine ( Pinus strobus ) and loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda ) typically occur only where deliberately planted, and Virginia pine ( Pinus virginiana )

4745-446: The two routes enter Manchester in Ocean County and continue east through a tract of the Brendan T. Byrne State Forest within the Pine Barrens as well as a corner of the Fort Dix Military Reservation . The road eventually reaches the community of Whiting , where it passes commercial development at the intersection of Whiting-New Egypt Road ( CR 539 ). Here, CR 530 turns south to follow CR 539 and Route 70 continues northeast back into

4818-418: The western terminus was cut back to its current location to avoid a concurrency with Route 38 and the eastern terminus was moved to the Brielle Circle , replacing a portion of Route 34 between the Laurelton Circle and the Brielle Circle. Route 70 begins at an interchange with Route 38 and Marlton Pike ( CR 601 ) and Browning Road ( CR 612 ) in Pennsauken , Camden County . From this interchange, it heads to

4891-452: Was being developed by the state and continued to be inhabited by a few people. More recently, the trail has been extended. In 2012, the trail was rerouted in two areas. The first was in Bass River State Forest, which is the southernmost part of the trail. The second area is around Chatsworth . Both of the rerouted sections go through quieter areas and bypass paved roads and power lines where the trail originally ran. The Chatsworth section puts

4964-403: Was chartered in 1849 as a turnpike that was to run from Camden east to Marlton along what is today Route 70 and Browning Road (CR 612)/Marlton Pike (CR 601). The Marlton Pike was taken over by Camden County in 1907 at a time many other turnpikes became public roads. The current alignment of Route 70 between Whitesbog (the west end of the concurrency with CR 530) and Lakehurst was legislated as

5037-494: Was completed in June 2011. Also, the Race Track Circle at the intersection with Haddonfield Road/Grove Street (CR 644) was eventually replaced by an at-grade intersection. The Laurelton Circle at Route 88, built in 1937, was replaced by the 1990s. The Ellisburg Circle at Route 41 and Route 154, was replaced by an intersection with jughandles . The Brielle Circle at the eastern terminus was also converted to an intersection with jughandles in 2001. In conjunction with eliminating

5110-408: Was modified in 1974 to allow Route 73 to run straight through the circle. This circle became known for traffic backups and was later replaced with an interchange. Construction on this interchange, which cost $ 31 million, began in April 2009. In May 2010, the circle was eliminated with a temporary at-grade intersection constructed while the Route 73 bridge over Route 70 was being built. The interchange

5183-407: Was moved to the Laurelton Circle in Brick, where it intersected Route 35 (now Route 88) as well as Route 34, which continued north from this point. The western terminus was placed at the Airport Circle with US 30 and US 130 in Pennsauken, ending concurrent with Route 38. In the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering , Route 40 was renumbered to Route 70, to avoid conflicting with US 40 in

5256-413: Was rejected by Conant (1975), but followed by Collins and Knight (1980). Brown and Ernst (1986) found evidence for retaining the two subspecies, but stating them apart without having more information than usual is not possible, including adult size, color pattern, the number of dorsal scale rows, and the number of ventral scales . Dundee and Rossman (1989) recognized C. h. atricaudatus , but others take

5329-514: Was the number one prey item for both young and adult rattlesnakes. Several birds, although always secondary to mammals, are also known to be hunted, mainly ground-dwelling species such as bobwhites , but also a surprising number of passerines . Prey sometimes exhibit anti-snake displays like tail-flagging, but timber rattlesnakes show no immediate or overt response to these displays. There is no rattling, striking, or other defensive behavior in response to prey anti-snake displays. Potentially, this

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