16-636: Baring Head ( Māori : Ōrua-pouanui , officially gazetted as Baring Head / Ōrua-pouanui ) is a headland , located between Wellington Harbour and Palliser Bay at the southern end of the North Island of New Zealand. It marks the southern end of Fitzroy Bay . The Baring Head Lighthouse , built in 1935, was the first light in New Zealand to start operating immediately on electricity. The Baring Head Atmospheric Research Station, administered by National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research , provides
32-678: A 284.6-hectare (703-acre) property near the Baring Head lighthouse for addition to the East Harbour Regional Park . The purchase was made with financial contributions from the New Zealand Government 's Nature Heritage Fund , the Department of Conservation , Hutt City Council and a private benefactor. The purchase will protect a wide range of landscape, scientific, historical, ecological, cultural and recreational values. The area
48-470: A type of promontory . A headland of considerable size often is called a cape . Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves , rocky shores , intense erosion , and steep sea cliff . Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to
64-703: The Wellington Region's “coastal habitats of significance for indigenous birds”. There are at least nine at-risk bird species: the black shag , Caspian tern , New Zealand pipit , pied shag , pied stilt , red-billed gull , variable oystercatcher , white-fronted tern and the banded dotterel . The banded dotterel has a breeding site at Baring Head. Within the beach and coastal encampment there are also many lizard species, rare spider, moth and cicada species. and cushion plants, spinifex and sand tussock. The river has species of dwarf inanga and other fish, and tororaro (Muehlenbeckia astonii) grows nearby. Baring Head
80-507: The coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays ) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk , limestone , and granite ) forming a headland, or peninsula . Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the headlands, coastlines eventually straighten out, then start the same process all over again. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center ( CDIAC )
96-512: The lighthouse cottages and garden. The Baring Head Atmospheric Research Station was established on the headland in 1972, under the leadership of Dave Lowe . It has been operating ever since, with extensive research being published based on its records. The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center in the United States has a record of measurements from 1970 to 1993, and from 1977 to December 2007. The park can be accessed by foot during most of
112-464: The longest continuous record of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the Southern Hemisphere . The headland is administered by Wellington Regional Council as part of East Harbour Regional Park . The reserve includes the lower reaches and mouth of Wainuiomata River and the coastal encampment around Baring Head. The rugged hills are visible from parts of Wellington City . Baring Head is one of
128-666: The main entrance, passing the Old Pump Shed, the Baring Head Lighthouse, and the Para Trig and World War II Bunkers. A return walk to the Para Trig takes about three hours. Horse riding is permitted on the track by permit only. Along the route is a set of natural rock formations, used by bouldering . Rock climbing website ClimbNZ describes the rea as "the birthplace of bouldering in New Zealand" and list over 200 climbing routes on
144-531: The new Ocean Carbon Data System (OCADS) operated by NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) at https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/ocads/ . The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) data have been transitioned to Caltech ( http://tccondata.org/ ). HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) data are transitioning to the NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory ( https://www.eol.ucar.edu/data-software ). This article about climate change
160-399: The rocks. Visitors are advised to carry warm and waterproof clothing, sufficient food and drink, wear strong lace-up footwear, inform others of their plans, and watch out for vehicles along parts of the track. Headland A headland , also known as a head , is a coastal landform , a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water . It is
176-459: The year from the mouth of the Wainuiomata River , but people are advised not to cross the river when it's discoloured or in flood. Dogs, fires, fireworks, and trail and quad bikes are not permitted at any time. Recreational vehicles are not permitted beyond the carparks. Visitors must take rubbish, and must not remove plants, animals or rocks. There is a marked walking and cycling route from
SECTION 10
#1733086288356192-605: Was an organization within the United States Department of Energy that had the primary responsibility for providing the US government and research community with global warming data and analysis as it pertains to energy issues. The CDIAC, and its subsidiary the World Data Center for Atmospheric Trace Gases, focused on obtaining, evaluating and distributing data related to climate change and greenhouse gas emissions . CDIAC
208-516: Was founded in 1982 and was located within the Environmental Sciences Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory . CDIAC closed September 30, 2017, and its data was distributed to a number of different repositories. The majority of the data was moved to the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Environmental System Science Data Infrastructure for a Virtual Ecosystem ( ESS-DIVE ) archive. The Oceanic Trace Gas data have been transitioned to
224-499: Was fully automated in 1989. In the 1990s, Energy Direct (formerly the Hutt Valley Electric Power Board) applied for resource consents to build a what would have been the first wind farm in New Zealand. The Wellington Regional Council rejected the application and the applicant did not appeal. The site at that time was in private ownership. In June 2010, a consortium including Wellington Regional Council purchased
240-404: Was once an important place for traditional food gathering by local Māori. The Baring Head Lighthouse was constructed in 1935. Its launch marked the start of electrification of light houses in New Zealand. It was initially supplied by diesel generators before being connected to mains electricity in 1950. Several lookout posts were established on the headland during World War II . The lighthouse
256-450: Was opened to the general public on 13 February 2011. Since 2011, the Friends of Baring Head has worked alongside the regional and city councils, Taranaki Whānui ki te Upoko o te Ika , Birds New Zealand , and other groups in a range of activities, including pest control, rāhui , signage and fencing, and community education. It has also worked with the regional council to redevelop and enhance
#355644