62-598: The Baptist Missionary Association Theological Seminary (BMATS or BMA Theological Seminary) is an institution in Jacksonville, Texas , owned and operated by the Baptist Missionary Association of America . It is located off Texas State Highway 135 on the northeast side of Jacksonville. The BMA Theological Seminary Divisions of Graduate and Undergraduate Studies are accredited by the Commission on Colleges of
124-570: A United Methodist Church operated private junior college, was located in Jacksonville until ceasing operations in 2012. Many highways pass through and intersect in Jacksonville: US 69 , US 79 , US 175 , SH 135 , SH 204 , FM 347 , FM 768 , FM 2138 , and Loop 456 . However, no Interstate highways pass through the city limits Where 3 railroads once served the Jacksonville area ( Southern Pacific and Cotton Belt abandoned their tracks in
186-586: A contract with the Texas Reliability Entity in November 2020, reducing oversight of the grid. In July, Abbott's commissioners disbanded its Oversight and Enforcement Division, dropping pending cases that ensure reliability. While not a direct cause, the Commission's minimal oversight of utility companies, limited budget, and voluntary standards restricted its ability to secure consistent performance. There
248-478: A flurry of subsequent legal actions, Walmart discontinued store-level meatcutting and started shipping in pre-packaged/pre-frozen meat to their stores. When all the hearings and appeals were exhausted, it was decided that the local meatcutters didn't embody the characteristics of a group that could bargain since they weren't specialized. Even now, there is no one in the Jacksonville meat department to make special cuts of meat or any union presence there. According to
310-526: A record 69,692 megawatts (MW) on February 14 — 3,200 MW higher than the previous record set in January 2018 and 12,329 MW higher than its current capacity. The Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) initiated rotating outages at 1:25am on February 15. However, a retrospective Houston Chronicle article a year later said peak demand was even higher: 76,819 megawatts on Feb. 16, 2021. The rotating outages prevented electricity demand from overwhelming
372-470: A reserve margin of power capacity beyond what is expected. A 2019 North American Electric Reliability Corporation report found that ERCOT had a low anticipated reserve margin of generation capacity and was the only part of the country without sufficient resources available to meet projected peak summer electricity demand. Gov. Abbott's appointees to the Public Utility Commission of Texas ended
434-492: A result of the crisis. State officials, including Republican governor Greg Abbott , initially blamed the outages on frozen wind turbines and solar panels . Data showed that failure to winterize power sources, principally natural gas infrastructure but also to a lesser extent wind turbines, had caused the grid failure, with a drop in power production from natural gas more than five times greater than that from wind turbines. Texas's power grid has long been separate from
496-454: A similar event occurring in the future, but these recommendations were ignored due to the cost of winterizing the systems. At the time the blackouts and failures in the power grid were likened to those that occurred in December 1989 , after which similar recommendations were made to the state government and ERCOT, which were similarly ignored. On August 16, 2011, a 357-page report was released by
558-573: A wind turbine said to be in Texas were actually taken in 2015 in Sweden. However, wind energy accounts for only 23% of Texas power output. Moreover, equipment for other energy sources such as natural gas power generating facilities either freezing up or having mechanical failures were also responsible. Governor Abbott later acknowledged that coal, natural gas, and nuclear plants had played a role. Five times more natural gas than wind power had been lost. When power
620-400: Is an emergency priority for the state legislature , and there would be an investigation of the power outage to determine long-term solutions. The legislature held hearings with power plant chief executives, but not with natural gas industry leaders. In March 2021, Congress launched an investigation into the power crisis by requesting documents relating to winter weather preparedness from
682-579: Is served by the Jacksonville Independent School District . Jacksonville High School, the district's only high school, has "Fightin' Indians"/"Maidens" as mascots for its team sports. Jacksonville College and the Baptist Missionary Association Theological Seminary , both of which are owned by the Baptist Missionary Association of America , are located in Jacksonville. Lon Morris College ,
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#1733085964351744-411: Is the moral hazard of the market which is when wind or solar or coal or nuclear underperforms, they lose money. And when gas power plants underperform they lose money. But when the gas producers underperform, they made money. And this is why the gas system gets a pass, which is it's very lucrative for it to fail, and that lucrative return shows up as political donations that curries favor that really gets
806-936: The Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada to award the Master of Divinity and the Master of Arts in Church Ministries degrees. BMA Seminary is a member of the Council of Southwestern Theological Schools , the Forest Trail Library Consortium , and the American Theological Library Association . Jacksonville, Texas Jacksonville is a city located in Cherokee County , Texas , United States. The population
868-655: The Deep South and the Ohio Valley , including Texas, Georgia , Louisiana , Arkansas , Tennessee , as well as states on the East Coast. A second storm developed off the Pacific Northwest on February 13 and began to gradually develop into an organized storm as it tracked southward toward Texas. It grew even more organized as it turned toward the northeast U.S. before splitting in half — one half continuing into Quebec and
930-609: The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission in response to the February 2011 power outage in Texas . In mid-February 2021, a series of severe winter storms swept across the United States. This outbreak was due to the polar jet stream dipping particularly far south into the U.S., stretching from Washington to Texas, and running back north along the East Coast , allowing a polar vortex to bring very cold air across
992-750: The Great Depression , is home to the Jacksonville High School "Fightin' Indians" football and soccer teams. Annual events include the "Tops in Texas Rodeo" held in May and the "Tomato Fest" celebration in June. Jacksonville began in 1847 as the town of Gum Creek. Jackson Smith built a home and blacksmith shop in the area, and became postmaster in 1848, when a post office was authorized. Shortly afterward, Dr. William Jackson established an office near Smith's shop. When
1054-492: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 14.1 square miles (37 km ), of which 14.1 square miles (37 km ) is land and 0.07% is water. Lake Jacksonville is three miles (5 km) southwest of Jacksonville. It is the city's primary water source. It is a popular location for recreation and residences. It was created in 1957 and the city expected it to take years to fill with water from
1116-424: The grid frequency continued to drop as demand exceeded supply. The grid came within minutes of overloading and shutting down completely, which would have required a slow and costly black start . During the 2011 Groundhog Day blizzard , Texas had faced similar power outages due to frozen power equipment, after which the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission reported that more winterization of power infrastructure
1178-460: The two major national grids to avoid federal oversight, though it is still connected to the other national grids and Mexico's; the limited number of ties made it difficult for the state to import electricity from other states during the crisis. Deregulation of its electricity market beginning in the 1990s resulted in competition in wholesale electricity prices, but also cost cutting for contingency preparation. The crisis drew much attention to
1240-671: The $ 9,000 cap by ERCOT for two days longer than necessary, creating $ 16 billion in unnecessary charges. In 2011, Texas was hit by the Groundhog Day blizzard between February 1 and 5, resulting in rolling blackouts across more than 75% of the state. Many roads around Houston were impassable, and boil-water advisories were issued in several areas. Following this disaster, the North American Electric Reliability Corporation made several recommendations for upgrading Texas's electrical infrastructure to prevent
1302-648: The $ 9.8 billion spent in all of 2020. The legislature allowed issuance of about $ 5 billion in bonds to pay for it, or $ 200 per Texan. The then-CEO of ERCOT testified under oath that Governor Abbot had ordered power prices to stay at this level, which led to the bankruptcy of the Brazos Electric co-op. Water service was disrupted for more than 12 million people due to pipes freezing and bursting. More than 200,000 people in Texas live in areas where water systems were completely non-operational. On February 17, residents of Austin were asked not to drip their faucets despite
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#17330859643511364-710: The Federal level, the two U.S. Senators from Texas are Republicans John Cornyn and Ted Cruz ; Jacksonville is part of the Fifth Congressional District, represented by Republican Lance Gooden . The Jacksonville Public Library served the City of Jacksonville and Cherokee County for over 70 years. The Library was a member of the Texas Library Association, the Northeast Texas Library System and
1426-774: The Forest Trails Library Consortium. In September 2020, the lot it sat on was sold to Chick-fil-A, where construction promptly began on a restaurant location. The new Jacksonville Public Library opened in April 2021, in the Norman Activities Center. Until the opening of the new location, Jacksonville residents were allowed to visit the Rusk Public Library with library card fines waived. The Jacksonville Jax Minor League baseball team played at Ragsdale Park between 1934 and 1950. The city of Jacksonville
1488-573: The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools ) to award the Associate of Divinity , Bachelor of Arts in Religion, Master of Arts (Religion), Master of Arts in Church Ministries, and Master of Divinity degrees. The SACS institutional accreditation is used by BMA Seminary to determine institutional eligibility for Federal Student Aid . BMA Seminary (Graduate Studies Division) is accredited by
1550-701: The State of Texas, authorizing the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to provide emergency assistance throughout Texas. FEMA sent 60 generators, as well as water and blankets, to the state. Local churches, community centers and other locations opened warming stations for affected individuals as well as asked for physical and monetary donations to help those affected. Several local mutual aid groups responded with supply delivery and distribution, particularly in
1612-574: The Texas electric grid manager and ERCOT. The Railroad Commission blamed power producers for gas supply issues, even though its chair Christi Craddick was aware of gas supply problems prior to the outages. Cold weather disrupted 22 gas processing plants two days before blackouts began. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission is investigating anomalies in the natural gas market, where companies may have illegally manipulated prices. Intrastate pipelines are not required to report their tariffs like interstate pipelines, making it harder to investigate. FERC
1674-400: The Texas power grid was four minutes and 37 seconds away from complete failure when partial grid shutdowns were implemented. During the crisis, some energy firms made billions in profits, while others went bankrupt, due to some firms being able to pass extremely high wholesale prices ($ 9,000/MWh, typically $ 50/MWh) on to consumers, while others could not, with this price being allegedly held at
1736-592: The U.S. and 6 in Mexico. At least 246 people lost their lives during the winter storms. The winter storm caused a record low temperature at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport of −2 °F (−19 °C) on February 16, the coldest in North Texas in 72 years. Most Texan homes, which infrequently see low temperatures, have poor insulation and are heated with inefficient electric resistance heaters , resulting in extremely high electricity demand. Power equipment in Texas
1798-420: The carcinogen benzene , two tons of sulfur dioxide , 12 tons of natural gas, and 34 tons of carbon monoxide . Targa Resources ' Wildcat and Sand Hills natural gas plants released four times the emissions of the nation's largest refinery during the freeze. The combination of below freezing temperatures with no power for heat led people to undertake dangerous ways of heating their homes. Deaths attributed to
1860-594: The city's most recent Adopted Budget, the city's various funds had $ 14.9 million in Revenues, $ 15.7 million in expenditures, and $ 4.4 million fund balance. Management of the city and coordination of city services are provided by (as of 2009}: Jacksonville is represented in the Texas Senate by Republican Robert Nichols , District 3, and in the Texas House of Representatives by Republican Travis Clardy , District 11. At
1922-561: The country, and spawning multiple storms along the jet stream track as a result. This weather phenomenon resulted in record low temperatures throughout Texas, with temperatures in Dallas , Austin , Houston and San Antonio falling below temperatures in Anchorage, Alaska . On February 10, a winter storm formed north of the Gulf coast , dropping significant amounts of sleet and ice on many states in
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1984-435: The energy shortage, Governor Abbott ordered natural gas producers not to export gas out of state and to sell it within Texas instead. He also called for the resignation of ERCOT leaders. Former Representative Beto O'Rourke ran a virtual phone bank to contact over 780,000 seniors across the state. Colorado City, Texas , Mayor Tim Boyd faced extreme backlash after he made comments criticizing citizens for not preparing for
2046-400: The grid, a scenario which could have caused equipment to catch fire and power lines to go down, potentially resulting in a much more severe blackout. At the peak, over 5 million people in Texas were without power, with 11 million experiencing an outage at some point, some for more than 3 days. During the period of outages, the wholesale electric price was set to $ 9,000/ megawatt-hour which
2108-443: The hard-hit Houston and Austin areas. Celebrities such as Beyoncé and Reese Witherspoon teamed up with companies to provide monetary relief, donated personally, and supplied donation links to their social media followers to raise relief and awareness. Through his " We're Texas " virtual benefit concert, Matthew McConaughey and his wife Camila Alves McConaughey raised over $ 7.7 million to continue support for those affected by
2170-580: The low temperatures with animal sanctuaries and veterinary clinics identifying an increase in hypothermia cases in the animals. Governor Abbott issued a disaster declaration on February 12, whereby he mobilized various departments including the Texas Military Department for snow clearance and assistance to stranded motorists. As the situation worsened, Governor Abbott requested a Federal Emergency Declaration on February 13, which President Biden approved on February 14. In an effort to alleviate
2232-481: The mid-1980s), only one, Union Pacific , remains. Cherokee County Airport is the sole airport within Jacksonville, but solely serves general aviation . Commercial aviation can be accessed by traveling north to Tyler Pounds Regional Airport with an American Eagle flight to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) , or simply driving 132 miles directly to either DFW or Dallas Love Field via U.S. Route 175 . 2021 Texas power crisis In February 2021,
2294-532: The other moving out over the Atlantic Ocean . This storm, along with various other storms from the previous two weeks, resulted in over 75% of the contiguous U.S. being covered in snow. This storm was directly responsible for nearly 10 million people losing power, with 5.2 million in the U.S. and 4.7 million in Mexico . A third winter storm caused an additional 4 million power outages, and 29 deaths, with 23 in
2356-525: The pipe network. People were seen collecting water from the San Antonio River Walk with trash cans. Due to the inclement weather conditions and extensive power outages, most grocery stores statewide could not keep up with the increased demand for food and sundry items. Many stores were forced to close due to lack of power; the few that remained open completely ran out of most staple food items like bread, milk, and eggs. Officials also warned that
2418-490: The risk of pipes freezing as the demand for water in the city was more than 2.5 times the amount supplied on the previous day. The city had lost more than 325 million US gallons (1.23 × 10 L) of water due to burst pipes by February 18, according to Austin Water Director Greg Meszaros. Nearly 12 million people were advised to boil their tap water before consumption due to low water pressure throughout
2480-458: The shortages could be long term, stating that 60% of the region's grapefruit crop and 100% of the orange crop were lost due to the weather. The inclement weather caused many fire hydrants to be unusable in emergency situations. In one case, firefighters near the San Antonio area had to rely on water tenders to deliver between 2,000 and 3,000 gallons of water to the scene of a fire as the hydrant
2542-519: The state during a crisis and traveling internationally during the COVID-19 pandemic. Later that day, Cruz returned back to Texas admitting that the vacation was a mistake, receiving further criticism for appearing to blame his young daughters for the trip, claiming they begged him to go. Cruz on February 22 tweeted the news about the hike of electricity rates in Texas, calling "(s)tate and local regulators should act swiftly to prevent this injustice". This
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2604-562: The state of Texas suffered a major power crisis , which came about during three severe winter storms sweeping across the United States on February 10–11 , 13–17 , and 15–20 . The storms triggered the worst energy infrastructure failure in Texas state history, leading to shortages of water, food, and heat. More than 4.5 million homes and businesses were left without power, some for several days. At least 246 people were killed directly or indirectly, with some estimates as high as 702 killed as
2666-490: The state's lack of preparedness for such storms, and to a report from U.S. federal regulators ten years earlier that had warned Texas that its power plants would fail in sufficiently cold conditions. Damages due to the cold wave and winter storm were estimated to be at least $ 195 billion, likely the most expensive disaster in the state's history. According to the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) ,
2728-409: The statewide officials to turn a blind eye to it." By February 17, at least 21 people died from causes related to the winter storm. By February 19, the number was updated to at least 32 people who died, with deaths linked to carbon monoxide poisoning, car crashes, drownings, house fires and hypothermia. On February 21, the death toll had increased to 70. As of January 2, 2022, the total loss of life
2790-663: The storm include cases of carbon monoxide poisoning from people running their cars or generators indoors for heating. At least 300 cases of carbon monoxide poisoning were reported. The state's response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas was somewhat hampered by the power outage. Water and grid supply were cut off from hospitals. Hospitals still were able to operate with their own power generators. Shipments of vaccines were delayed and facilities that would not be able to store vaccines properly were asked to transfer vaccines to those who could. In most cases, vaccinations were delayed because it
2852-776: The storm. Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez organized a fundraiser to provide food, water, and shelter to affected Texans, raising $ 2 million in its first day. She followed up with a trip to Houston to help alongside volunteers with recovery. She along with other Democrats toured the damage left behind by the storm as well as distribution centers and delivery sites. In the end, she raised $ 4.7 million. Power outages in Harris County , Texas's most populated counties and one of its most affected, returned to normal around February 22, 2021. Boil-water advisories lasted in some areas of Texas until February 27, 2021. On February 16, 2021, Governor Greg Abbott declared that ERCOT reform
2914-473: The surrounding creeks. But, with an unusually rainy season, the lake reached full capacity in a year. With records only dating to 1953, Jacksonville was one a few Texas locations to have its all time low occur during the 2021 Texas power crisis cold snap in February 2021. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 13,997 people, 5,027 households, and 3,670 families residing in the city. According to
2976-534: The townsite was laid out in 1850, the name Jacksonville was chosen in honor of these two men. The name of the post office was changed from Gum Creek to Jacksonville in June 1850. Despite never having organized unions in any Walmart stores before, meatcutters working at the Jacksonville Walmart voted in favor of organizing under the wing of the United Food and Commercial Workers union in February 2000. During
3038-468: The winter storm and stating: "the strong will survive and the weak will perish." He resigned following the controversy. Senator Ted Cruz faced heavy scrutiny over his trip to Cancún, Mexico . Though he initially claimed he was dropping off his wife and daughters, text messages from his wife revealed the hastily planned nature of the trip as an escape from the freezing conditions. He received condemnation from his political allies and rivals for leaving
3100-628: Was 13,997 at the 2020 U.S. census . It is the principal city of the Jacksonville micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Cherokee County. Jacksonville is located in East Texas, north of the county seat, Rusk , and south of Tyler , in Smith County . Area production and shipping of tomatoes gained the town the title "Tomato Capital of the World". The impressive red iron ore rock Tomato Bowl, built by Works Progress Administration workers during
3162-453: Was criticized as hypocrisy because Cruz had been a strong advocate of the Texan power grid deregulation, one of the major cited reasons which led to this mass power outage. Former governor Rick Perry said, "Texans would be without electricity for longer than three days to keep the federal government out of their business." On February 14, President Biden declared that an emergency existed in
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#17330859643513224-479: Was cut, it disabled some compressors that push gas through pipelines, knocking out further gas plants due to lack of supply. ERCOT was aware on February 13 that blackouts would be likely and the grid would have to shut off more than 10% of its demand. The next day, electricity demand exceeded 67.2 gigawatts, higher than what the grid operator had ever planned for in extreme winter weather. Overnight ERCOT ordered utilities to drop several thousand megawatts of load, but
3286-576: Was enough generation for "normal" winter weather. On March 1, 2021, DeAnn T. Walker, the chairwoman of the Public Utility Commission (PUC), the Texas agency responsible for overseeing ERCOT and the state's electricity grid, resigned after a week of tough questioning from Texas legislators at a round of hearings. Governor Greg Abbott , who had originally appointed Walker, filled the vacant chairperson position by promoting PUC Commissioner Arthur D'Andrea two days later. On March 9, 2021, D'Andrea
3348-527: Was necessary. ERCOT said that some generators since then implemented new winter "best practices," but these were on a voluntary basis and mandatory regulation had not been established. This is likely due to ERCOT's independence of the FERC therefore not having the necessary budget to upgrade the power grid to withstand colder weather after the recommendation during efforts to increase renewable energy sources. Unlike other power interconnections, Texas does not require
3410-417: Was not winterized , leaving it vulnerable to extended periods of cold weather. Natural gas power generating facilities had equipment freeze up and faced shortages of fuel. Texas Governor Greg Abbott and some other politicians initially said renewable energy sources were the cause for the power outages, citing frozen wind turbines as an example of their unreliability. Viral images of a helicopter de-icing
3472-437: Was not only insufficient power generation capacity online, but also insufficient natural gas supply to the power plants. The failure of some gas distribution infrastructure, which had not been adequately winterized, resulted in exceedingly high prices for natural gas. Some gas compressor stations lost power when utilities began shutdowns, and overall gas supply fell by 85%. University of Texas professor Michael Webber said, "This
3534-488: Was recorded reassuring utility investors that he would protect their profits in a 48-minute call that was later leaked to the press. D'Andrea resigned his post a week later, two hours after the call was leaked. At issue is $ 16 billion in alleged overcharges that accrued when the PUC issued orders requiring ERCOT set the price of electricity at the $ 9,000-a-megawatt-hour maximum for nearly two days after widespread outages ended late
3596-423: Was reported to be 246, with deaths in 77 counties. Victims included children less than a year old to elderly up to 102 years old. Reports found that almost two-thirds died of hypothermia and that 148 deaths were directly caused by the storm, 92 deaths were indirectly caused by the storm, and 6 deaths were found as possibly caused by the storm. In addition to equipment problems, demand for electricity in Texas hit
3658-655: Was the "system cap" set by ERCOT, compared to a more typical $ 25/MWh. Customers with pricing plans based on wholesale prices who had power faced large bills. Some Griddy customers signed up for wholesale variable rates plans allowed by the Texas deregulated electricity market found themselves facing over $ 5,000 bills for five days of service during the storm. Wholesale prices were kept at an artificially inflated level of $ 9,000 for about four days, an amount normally only hit momentarily, in fear of instability even after electricity demand dropped. Total Texas electricity costs on February 16 alone reached $ 10.3 billion, greater than
3720-459: Was too dangerous for people to travel. About 1000 doses of vaccine were lost as a result of problems. Due to the continued power outages across the state, many were faced with freezing temperatures in their homes increasing a risk of hypothermia . The freezing temperatures potentially caused the death of an 11-year old boy, an 84-year-old widow, and a 75-year-old veteran, among others. Zoo, domesticated, and wild animals were also at risk due to
3782-536: Was unable to say if there was price gouging. Texas attorney general Ken Paxton has not announced investigations into energy prices. Five members of ERCOT unaffiliated with Texas entities resigned due to the power failures. All five lived out of state and one lived in Canada. The ERCOT board of directors voted to fire its CEO, Bill Magness, who turned down his $ 800,000 severance package. ERCOT admitted that there could be blackouts in winter 2022, reporting that there
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#17330859643513844-506: Was unusable. Plumbing in buildings throughout the state burst due to freezing. Structures were damaged by water and streets were flooded. A shortage of plumbers, in part due to excessive licensing requirements kept in place by Governor Abbott despite the legislature removing them, led to months-long waits for repairs. Significant releases of pollutants due to stopping and starting fossil fuel infrastructure such as chemical plants and fuel refineries were reported. These included one ton of
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