108-700: Bandit Queen is a 1994 Indian Hindi -language biographical action-adventure film based on the life of Phoolan Devi as covered in the book India's Bandit Queen: The True Story of Phoolan Devi by the Indian author Mala Sen . It was directed by Shekhar Kapur and starred Seema Biswas as the title character. The music was composed by Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan . The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi , Filmfare Critics Award for Best Movie and Best Direction for that year. The film premiered in
216-711: A Naxalite in Chakravyuh (2012), and a CBI officer in Special 26 (2013). In 2016, he portrayed Professor Ramchandra Siras , in Hansal Mehta 's biographical drama Aligarh , for which he won his third Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor and the Best Actor Award at the Asia Pacific Screen Awards in 2016. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor at the 67th National Film Awards for his performance in
324-471: A spin-off to the 2015 film Baby with Taapsee Pannu reprising her role as Shabana. The same year, he reunited with Ram Gopal Varma for the crime drama Sarkar 3 . It was the third instalment in the Sarkar film series . In the film, his character was loosely based on Arvind Kejriwal . Later that year, Bajpayee appeared briefly in the drama film Rukh . In 2018, Bajpayee reunited with Neeraj Pandey with
432-615: A "narrator" and "mentor" of its protagonist (played by Neil Nitin Mukesh ). In 2010, Bajpayee starred in Prakash Jha 's big-budget ensemble political thriller Raajneeti . Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India in her review mentioned that Bajpayee "[..] grab[s] eyeballs in [his] scenes" and "brings back memories of his mesmeric performances." Indian trade journalists were apprehensive of Raajneeti recovering its ₹ 600 million (US$ 7.2 million) investment. The film, however, proved to be
540-573: A core vocabulary of native Prakrit and Sanskrit-derived words. However, Hindi is written in the Devanagari script and contains more direct tatsama Sanskrit -derived words than Urdu, whereas Urdu is written in the Perso-Arabic script and uses more Arabic and Persian loanwords compared to Hindi. Because of this, as well as the fact that the two registers share an identical grammar, a consensus of linguists consider them to be two standardised forms of
648-487: A few unnoticed roles, he played the gangster Bhiku Mhatre in Ram Gopal Varma 's 1998 crime drama Satya , which proved to be a breakthrough. Bajpayee received the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor and Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for the film. He then acted in films such as Kaun? (1999) and Shool (1999). For the latter, he won his second Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor. Bajpayee won
756-756: A film about sex trafficking. It had its premiere at the 2018 London Indian Film Festival and was released in India on 14 September 2018. In Devashish Makhija's Bhonsle , Bajpayee played a terminally ill retired Mumbai cop who befriends a North Indian girl when the locals are trying to get rid of the migrants in the city. The film and his performance met with positive response from critics with Namrata Joshi calling his acting "astounding in his internalisation of Bhonsle and acts with not just his face but by deploying his whole body." The role earned him his first National Film Award for Best Actor and second Asia Pacific Screen Award for Best Performance by an Actor. In 2019, he
864-494: A gang. Baba Mustakim agrees, and Man Singh and Phoolan become the leaders of the new gang. Phoolan leads her new gang with courage, generosity, humility, and shrewdness. Her stock and her legend grow. She becomes known as Phoolan Devi, the bandit queen. In February 1981, Baba Mustakim informs her of a large wedding in Behmai, with Thakur Shri Ram in attendance. As Phoolan departs, Baba Mustakim warns her to remain low-key. Phoolan attacks
972-609: A larger amount are still used in Urdu poetry written in the Devanagari script. Many words borrowed from Persian in turn were loanwords from Arabic (e.g. muśkil "difficult", havā "air", x(a)yāl "thought", kitāb "book"). Hindi also makes extensive use of loan translation ( calqueing ) and occasionally phono-semantic matching of English . Many Hindustani words were derived from Portuguese due to interaction with colonists and missionaries: Manoj Bajpai Manoj Bajpayee (born 23 April 1965), also transliterated as Manoj Bajpai ,
1080-529: A literary language in the 19th century. Earliest examples could be found as Prēm Sāgar by Lallu Lal , Batiyāl Pachīsī of Sadal Misra, and Rānī Kētakī Kī Kahānī of Insha Allah Khan which were published in Devanagari script during the early 19th century. John Gilchrist was principally known for his study of the Hindustani language , which was adopted as the lingua franca of northern India (including what
1188-451: A major commercial success, with worldwide earnings of over ₹ 1.43 billion (US$ 17 million). Bajpayee received a Best Supporting Actor nomination at Filmfare for the film. He then acted in two Telugu films; Vedam (2010) and Puli (2010), followed by the comedy Dus Tola (2010). He also provided the voice of Rama in the animated film Ramayana: The Epic , which was based on the Indian epic Ramayana . Aarakshan (2011),
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#17328767295281296-523: A medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India and to secure its enrichment by assimilating without interfering with its genius, the forms, style and expressions used in Hindustani and in the other languages of India specified in the Eighth Schedule, and by drawing, wherever necessary or desirable, for its vocabulary, primarily on Sanskrit and secondarily on other languages. It
1404-410: A part of the process of Sanskritisation , new words are coined using Sanskrit components to be used as replacements for supposedly foreign vocabulary. Usually these neologisms are calques of English words already adopted into spoken Hindi. Some terms such as dūrbhāṣ "telephone", literally "far-speech" and dūrdarśan "television", literally "far-sight" have even gained some currency in formal Hindi in
1512-536: A producer with the psychological thriller Missing , co-starring Tabu . The film mostly received negative review from critics. Shubhra Gupta called it a "shoddy mess". He next appeared alongside John Abraham in the vigilante action film Satyameva Jayate (2018). The same year he appeared in the psychological drama Gali Guleiyan , directed by debutant Dipesh Jain, where he played an electrician living in Old Delhi , who starts losing his grasp over reality. He won
1620-496: A second language. A Hindi proponent, Indian-born Paramananda Jha , was elected vice-president of Nepal. He took his oath of office in Hindi in July 2008. This created protests in the streets for 5 days; students burnt his effigies, and there was a general strike in 22 districts. Nepal Supreme Court ruled in 2009 that his oath in Hindi was invalid and he was kept "inactive" as vice-president. An "angry" Jha said, "I cannot be compelled to take
1728-521: A simplified or pidginised variety such as Bazaar Hindustani or Haflong Hindi ). Outside India, several other languages are recognised officially as "Hindi" but do not refer to the Standard Hindi language described here and instead descend from other nearby languages, such as Awadhi and Bhojpuri . Such languages include Fiji Hindi , which has an official status in Fiji , and Caribbean Hindustani , which
1836-641: A socio-drama based on the issue of caste based reservations in Indian , was Bajpayee's next film. The film sparked controversy in some groups and was banned in Uttar Pradesh , Punjab and Andhra Pradesh before its theatrical release. Trade journalists had high expectations for the film, but it ultimately flopped at the box office. Bajpayee's followup was the thriller Lanka (2011). In 2012, Bajpayee appeared in Anurag Kashyap 's two-part crime film Gangs of Wasseypur . His character Sardar Khan appeared in
1944-569: A standardised form of Hindustani separate from Urdu took form. In 1881, Bihar accepted Hindi as its sole official language, replacing Urdu, and thus became the first state of India to adopt Hindi. However, in 2014, Urdu was accorded second official language status in the state. After independence, the Government of India instituted the following conventions: On 14 September 1949, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Hindi written in
2052-467: A supporting role in Shirish Kunder 's crime thriller film Mrs. Serial Killer , co-starring Jacqueline Fernandez . The film, which was released on Netflix , met with a negative response. His final release of the year was the comedy flick Suraj Pe Mangal Bhari alongside Diljit Dosanjh and Fatima Sana Shaikh . It was the first film to release theatrically in India after nearly eight months due to
2160-555: Is a fashion designer in the film industry. His father was a farmer and his mother was a housewife. As a son of a farmer, Bajpayee would do farming during their vacation. Since childhood, he wanted to become an actor. His father struggled to gather funds for their education. He studied in a "hut school" till fourth standard, and later did his schooling at Khrist Raja High School, Bettiah . He completed his 12th class from Maharani Janaki Kunwar College in Bettiah. He moved to New Delhi at
2268-404: Is a first-rate adventure movie." Edward Guthmann of San Francisco Chronicle gave the film 3 stars out of 4 and described it as a "handsome, impassioned film" and praised Biswas' performance, calling it "fireball of unrelenting, white-hot fury -- a slap in the face to her country and its barbaric, outdated treatment of women." He notes that the film "makes no pretense of objectivity. Kapur clearly
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#17328767295282376-652: Is a galvanizing ode to rebellion." Jonathan Rosenbaum called it "an eye-filling and often stirring movie", writing that at "its best, this recalls radical third-world ' westerns ' like Glauber Rocha 's Antonio das mortes as well as Kenji Mizoguchi 's films about men's inhumanity to women." He writes, however, that the film "despite its ambition, bracing anger, and visual panache ... remains many notches below such reference points because of its sensationalistic and fairly indiscriminate piling on of horrors and violence, which ultimately becomes pornographic. The issue isn't what actually happened to Phoolan Devi ... The issue
2484-404: Is a heroine in the film, she fiercely disputed its accuracy and fought to get it banned in India. She even threatened to immolate herself outside a theater if the film were not withdrawn. Eventually, she withdrew her objections after the producer Channel 4 paid her £40,000. Author-activist Arundhati Roy in her film review entitled, "The Great Indian Rape Trick", questioned the right to "restage
2592-642: Is a standard register of the Hindustani language; additionally, Indian media are widely viewed in Pakistan. A sizeable population in Afghanistan , especially in Kabul , can also speak and understand Hindi-Urdu due to the popularity and influence of Bollywood films, songs and actors in the region. Hindi is also spoken by a large population of Madheshis (people having roots in north-India but having migrated to Nepal over hundreds of years) of Nepal . Apart from this, Hindi
2700-460: Is also one of the 22 scheduled languages of the Republic of India . Apart from the script and formal vocabulary, standard Hindi is mutually intelligible with standard Urdu , another recognised register of Hindustani, as both Hindi and Urdu share a core vocabulary base derived from Prakrit (a descendant of Sanskrit). Hindi is also spoken, to a lesser extent, in other parts of India (usually in
2808-556: Is an Indian actor who predominantly works in Hindi cinema and has also done Telugu and Tamil language films. He is the recipient of numerous accolades including four National Film Awards , four Filmfare Awards , and two Asia Pacific Screen Awards . In 2019, he was awarded India's fourth-highest civilian honor, the Padma Shri , for his contributions to art. Born in Belwa, a small village near
2916-409: Is an official language of Gujarat , along with Gujarati . It acts as an additional official language of West Bengal in blocks and sub-divisions with more than 10% of the population speaking Hindi. Similarly, Hindi is accorded the status of official language in the following Union Territories : Delhi , Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu . Although there
3024-542: Is based on the language that was spoken in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab ( Delhi , Meerut and Saharanpur ) called Khariboli ; the vernacular of Delhi and the surrounding region came to replace earlier prestige languages such as Awadhi and Braj . Standard Hindi was developed by supplanting foreign loanwords from the Hindustani language and replacing them with Sanskrit words, though Standard Hindi does continue to possess several Persian loanwords. Modern Hindi became
3132-437: Is beaten, molested, and arrested by policemen, who rape her in custody. The Thakurs put up bail and have her released. But, unknown to her, the bail is a bribe (paid, through the police, to Babu Gujjar's gang), and Babu Gujjar arrives to collect his prize. In May 1979, Phoolan is abducted by Babu Gujjar ( Anirudh Agarwal ). Gujjar is a physically imposing man and a ruthless, predatory mercenary. Although Gujjar's lieutenant Vikram
3240-623: Is borrowed from Sanskrit as tatsam borrowings, especially in technical and academic fields. The formal Hindi standard, from which much of the Persian, Arabic and English vocabulary has been replaced by neologisms compounding tatsam words, is called Śuddh Hindi (pure Hindi), and is viewed as a more prestigious dialect over other more colloquial forms of Hindi. Excessive use of tatsam words sometimes creates problems for native speakers. They may have Sanskrit consonant clusters which do not exist in Hindustani, causing difficulties in pronunciation. As
3348-455: Is commonly used to specifically refer the modern literary Hindi language, as opposed to colloquial and regional varieties that are also referred to as Hindi in a wider sense . Like other Indo-Aryan languages, Hindi is a direct descendant of an early form of Vedic Sanskrit , through Shauraseni Prakrit and Śauraseni Apabhraṃśa (from Sanskrit apabhraṃśa "corrupt"), which emerged in the 7th century CE. The sound changes that characterised
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3456-518: Is mirror to a hand with bangles, What is Persian to a literate. The emergence of Modern Standard Hindi in the 19th century went along with the Sanskritisation of its vocabulary, leading to a marginalisation of Persian vocabulary in Hindi, which continued after Partition when the Indian government co-opted the policy of Sanskritisation. However, many Persian words (e.g. bas "enough", khud "self") have remained entrenched in Standard Hindi, and
3564-597: Is no specification of a national language in the constitution, it is a widely held belief that Hindi is the national language of India. This is often a source of friction and contentious debate. In 2010, the Gujarat High Court clarified that Hindi is not the national language of India because the constitution does not mention it as such. Outside Asia , the Awadhi language (an Eastern Hindi dialect) with influence from Bhojpuri , Bihari languages , Fijian and English
3672-513: Is now present-day Pakistan ) by British colonists and indigenous people. He compiled and authored An English-Hindustani Dictionary , A Grammar of the Hindoostanee Language , The Oriental Linguist , and many more. His lexicon of Hindustani was published in the Perso-Arabic script , Nāgarī script , and in Roman transliteration .In the late 19th century, a movement to further develop Hindi as
3780-526: Is outraged by the gender and caste biases of his country". This lack of objectivity is countered by Richard Corliss , who called it an "exciting movie that brings Devi's story to life with passion but without passing judgment." Reviewing the film at the Indian Panorama section of the International Film Festival of India , S. R. Ashok Kumar of The Hindu wrote that "The director has woven
3888-448: Is physically and sexually abusive, and Phoolan eventually runs away and returns home. As Phoolan grows older, she faces incidents of (non-consensual) fondling and groping from the Thakur men (whose parents make up the panchayat or village government). At the next town meeting, the panchayat wield their patriarchal authority to banish Phoolan from the village, since she will not consent to
3996-713: Is spoken by the large Indian diaspora which hails from, or has its origin from the "Hindi Belt" of India. A substantially large North Indian diaspora lives in countries like the United States of America , the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates , Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, South Africa, Fiji and Mauritius , where it is natively spoken at home and among their own Hindustani-speaking communities. Outside India, Hindi speakers are 8 million in Nepal ; 863,077 in
4104-459: Is spoken in Suriname , Trinidad and Tobago , and Guyana . Hindi is the fourth most-spoken first language in the world, after Mandarin, Spanish and English. If counted together with the mutually intelligible Urdu, it is the third most-spoken language in the world, after Mandarin and English. According to reports of Ethnologue (2022, 25th edition) Hindi is the third most-spoken language in
4212-477: Is spoken in Fiji. It is an official language in Fiji as per the 1997 Constitution of Fiji, where it referred to it as "Hindustani"; however, in the 2013 Constitution of Fiji , it is simply called " Fiji Hindi " as the official language. It is spoken by 380,000 people in Fiji. Hindi is spoken as a first language by about 77,569 people in Nepal according to the 2011 Nepal census , and further by 1,225,950 people as
4320-858: Is sympathetic towards Phoolan, Gujjar indiscriminately brutalizes and humiliates her, until one day Vikram catches him raping her and shoots him in the head. Vikram takes over the gang, and his empathy for Phoolan eventually grows into a relationship. All goes well until Thakur Shri Ram ( Govind Namdeo ) is released from prison. Thakur Shri Ram is the real gang leader (boss of the erstwhile Gujjar). Shri Ram returns to his gang and while Vikram receives him with respect, Shri Ram bristles at Vikram's egalitarian leadership style and covets Phoolan. Around this time, Phoolan revisits her former husband Puttilal, and with Vikram's help, abducts him and exacts her justice for his rape and abuse, beating him up. She shares her closure with Vikram. In August 1980, Shri Ram arranges to have Vikram assassinated, and abducts Phoolan, bringing her to
4428-565: Is the standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in Devanagari script . It is the official language of India alongside English and the lingua franca of North India . Hindi is considered a Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language , which itself is based primarily on the Khariboli dialect of Delhi and neighbouring areas. It is an official language in nine states and three union territories and an additional official language in three other states. Hindi
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4536-854: Is the dominant form of Hindi online. In an analysis of YouTube comments, Palakodety et al., identified that 52% of comments were in Romanised Hindi, 46% in English, and 1% in Devanagari Hindi. Traditionally, Hindi words are divided into five principal categories according to their etymology: Hindi has naturally inherited a large portion of its vocabulary from Shauraseni Prakrit , in the form of tadbhava words. This process usually involves compensatory lengthening of vowels preceding consonant clusters in Prakrit, e.g. Sanskrit tīkṣṇa > Prakrit tikkha > Hindi tīkhā . Much of Standard Hindi's vocabulary
4644-552: Is the film's tendency to desensitize us with a surfeit of details." James Berardinelli gave the film 3.5 stars out of 4, writing that the "picture of human indignity and suffering painted by Bandit Queen is on par with that of Schindler's List . As the Nazis treated the Jews like animals, so too do the upper caste Indians regard those born into poverty and squalor." "Tightly-paced, powerfully-written, and well-acted", he writes, " Bandit Queen
4752-463: Is the king of Mumbai? Bhiku Mhatre). Kay Kay Menon credits this character as a turning point for other method actors: "If it were not for Manoj's brilliant performance in Satya , actors like Irrfan and me might still be waiting to be accepted. Manoj opened the doors for us." Writing about the character in his book Popcorn Essayists , journalist-writer Jai Arjun Singh wrote that "the "earthiness" and
4860-566: Is written in the Devanagari script, an abugida . Devanagari consists of 11 vowels and 33 consonants and is written from left to right. Unlike Sanskrit, Devanagari is not entirely phonetic for Hindi, especially failing to mark schwa deletion in spoken Standard Hindi. The Government of India uses Hunterian transliteration as its official system of writing Hindi in the Latin script. Various other systems also exist, such as IAST , ITRANS and ISO 15919 . Romanised Hindi , also called Hinglish ,
4968-702: The COVID-19 pandemic . The next year, he narrated the Discovery+ documentary show Secrets of Sinauli , directed by Neeraj Pandey. Bajpayee also appeared as a cop trying to solve a murder case in the thriller Silence... Can You Hear It? . The film was released on ZEE5 and met with mixed critical feedback. Bajpayee is a method actor and a director's actor, and is known for his unconventional roles in films. Actor Nawazuddin Siddiqui has cited Bajpayee's performance in Aks as
5076-518: The Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role nomination. It was followed by Shyam Benegal 's Zubeidaa , co-starring Rekha and Karisma Kapoor . He played Maharaja Vijayendra Singh of Fatehpur , a polo enthusiast prince with two wives. His character was inspired by Hanwant Singh , the Maharaja of Jodhpur . Bajpayee's sole release of 2002 was the road thriller Road . He played
5184-575: The Hindi Belt ), as well as an official language of the Government of India, along with English. In Northeast India a pidgin known as Haflong Hindi has developed as a lingua franca for the people living in Haflong , Assam who speak other languages natively. In Arunachal Pradesh , Hindi emerged as a lingua franca among locals who speak over 50 dialects natively. Hindi is quite easy to understand for many Pakistanis , who speak Urdu, which, like Hindi,
5292-530: The Mumbai and Delhi gang rape public protests . Satyagraha earned ₹ 675 million (US$ 8.1 million) domestically. Bajpayee then provided the voice of Yudhishthira for Mahabharat , a 3D animation film based on the Indian epic of the same name. In 2014, Bajpayee played the antagonist in the Tamil action film Anjaan . Bajpayee continued to play negative roles with his next film Tevar (2015). A remake of
5400-520: The Special Jury National Award for Pinjar (2003). This was followed by a series of brief, unnoticed roles in films that failed to propel his career forward. He then played a greedy politician in the political thriller Raajneeti (2010), which was highly appreciated. In 2012, Bajpayee played the critically acclaimed lead character Sardar Khan in Gangs of Wasseypur . His next roles were as
5508-814: The United States of America ; 450,170 in Mauritius; 380,000 in Fiji; 250,292 in South Africa; 150,000 in Suriname; 100,000 in Uganda ; 45,800 in the United Kingdom; 20,000 in New Zealand ; 20,000 in Germany ; 26,000 in Trinidad and Tobago; 3,000 in Singapore . Linguistically , Hindi and Urdu are two registers of the same language and are mutually intelligible. Both Hindi and Urdu share
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#17328767295285616-495: The 1998 International Film Festival of India and opened to mostly positive reviews. Anupama Chopra called Bajpayee and others' performances "[..] so good that you can almost smell the Mumbai grime on their sweaty bodies." The film was a commercial success, and Bajpayee won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor and Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor for his performance. Filmfare later included his performance in
5724-488: The 2003 Telugu film Okkadu , the film opened to negative reviews and was a box office failure. The same year, he along with Raveena Tandon, appeared in the patriotic-themed short film Jai Hind . With a run-time of 6 minutes, the film was released on YouTube by OYO Rooms , right before the Indian Independence Day . Bajpayee acted in another short film titled Taandav in 2016. Directed by Devashish Makhija ,
5832-446: The 2010 issue of Bollywood's "Top 80 Iconic Performances". Bajpayee then collaborated with Verma in the year 1999 with Kaun? and Shool ; with Verma directing the former and producing the latter. Kaun , was a whodunit with only three characters in a house, where Bajpayee played an annoying talkative stranger. The film was a box office disappointment . Shool saw him play the role of an honest police officer who finds himself in
5940-612: The 50th birthday of Beohar Rajendra Simha on 14 September 1949, the efforts came to fruition following the adoption of Hindi as the official language. Now, it is celebrated as Hindi Day . Part XVII of the Indian Constitution deals with the official language of the Indian Union. Under Article 343, the official languages of the Union have been prescribed, which includes Hindi in Devanagari script and English: (1) The official language of
6048-614: The Best Actor award at the Indian Film Festival of Melbourne. The film premiered at the 22nd Busan International Film Festival and was also screened at the 2017 MAMI Film Festival , Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles , Atlanta Film Festival , Cleveland International Film Festival and the Chicago International Film Festival . His final release of the year was Tabrez Noorani's ensemble drama Love Sonia ,
6156-623: The Devanagari script as the official language of the Republic of India replacing the previous usage of Hindustani in the Perso-Arabic script in the British Indian Empire . To this end, several stalwarts rallied and lobbied pan-India in favour of Hindi, most notably Beohar Rajendra Simha along with Hazari Prasad Dwivedi , Kaka Kalelkar , Maithili Sharan Gupt and Seth Govind Das who even debated in Parliament on this issue. As such, on
6264-782: The Directors' Fortnight section of the 1994 Cannes Film Festival , and was screened at the Edinburgh Film Festival . The film was selected as the Indian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 67th Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee. The film opens in the summer of 1968 at a small village in Uttar Pradesh. Phoolan is married to a twenty-something year old man called Puttilal ( Aditya Shrivastava ). Though child marriages were customary during that time, Phoolan's mother Moola (Savitri Raekwar) objects to
6372-402: The Hindi heartland. Persian borrowings reached a heyday in the 17th century, pervading all aspects of life. Even grammatical constructs, namely the izafat , were assimilated into Hindi. The status of Persian language then and thus its influence, is also visible in Hindi proverbs : हाथ कंगन को आरसी क्या, पढ़े लिखे को फ़ारसी क्या। Hāth kaṅgan ko ārsī kyā, Paṛhe likhe ko Fārsī kyā. What
6480-563: The Hindu/Indian people') was often used in the past, for example by Amir Khusrau in his poetry. The terms Hindi and Hindu trace back to Old Persian which derived these names from the Sanskrit name Sindhu ( सिन्धु ), referring to the Indus River . The Greek cognates of the same terms are Indus (for the river) and India (for the land of the river). The term Modern Standard Hindi
6588-462: The National School of Drama for the fourth time, and they offered him a teaching position at the school instead. Bajpayee was married to a girl from Delhi, but got divorced during his period of struggle. He met actress Shabana Raza , who is also known as Neha, right after her debut film Kareeb (1998). The couple married in 2006 and they have a daughter. Following his one-minute role in Govind Nihalani 's Drohkaal (1994), Bajpayee acted in
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#17328767295286696-406: The Official Languages Act of 1963, which provided for the continued use of English indefinitely for all official purposes, although the constitutional directive for the Union Government to encourage the spread of Hindi was retained and has strongly influenced its policies. Article 344 (2b) stipulates that the official language commission shall be constituted every ten years to recommend steps for
6804-442: The President may, during the said period, by order authorise the use of the Hindi language in addition to the English language and of the Devanagari form of numerals in addition to the international form of Indian numerals for any of the official purposes of the Union. Article 351 of the Indian constitution states: It shall be the duty of the Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as
6912-460: The Union shall be Hindi in Devanagari script. The form of numerals to be used for the official purposes of the Union shall be the international form of Indian numerals. (2) Notwithstanding anything in clause (1), for a period of fifteen years from the commencement of this Constitution, the English language shall continue to be used for all the official purposes of the Union for which it was being used immediately before such commencement: Provided that
7020-444: The ability to portray a lot just by doing little. He never tried to overplay a scene and seemed totally comfortable with a minimalist statement." According to director Hansal Mehta, Manoj "has the ability to transform himself like few others." Bajpayee's performance as Bhiku Mhatre in Satya is considered to be one of the most memorable characters of Hindi cinema, along with his dialogue in it: "Mumbai ka king kaun? Bhiku Mhatre" (Who
7128-500: The age of seventeen and went to Satyawati , then to Ramjas College , Delhi University . Bajpayee had heard about the National School of Drama from actors such as Om Puri and Naseeruddin Shah , so he applied. He was rejected three times and wanted to commit suicide afterward. He then attended director and acting coach Barry John 's workshop after actor Raghubir Yadav 's suggestion. Impressed by Bajpayee's acting, John hired him to assist him in his teaching. After that he applied at
7236-418: The antagonist in the film, a hitchhiker who turns out to be a psychopathic killer, after taking a lift from a couple (played by Vivek Oberoi and Antara Mali ). Bajpayee received another Filmfare nomination for Best Performance in a Negative Role, for the film. Pinjar (2003), a period drama, set during the partition of India , was Bajpayee's first release of the year. Directed by Chandraprakash Dwivedi ,
7344-464: The biographical drama Bandit Queen (1994). Tigmanshu Dhulia , the casting director of the film suggested his name to its director Shekhar Kapur . Bajpai was considered for the role of dacoit Vikram Mallah in the film, which eventually went to Nirmal Pandey . Bajpayee got the role of dacoit Mann Singh in the film. During that time, he also did a television serial called Kalakaar , directed by Hansal Mehta and Imtihaan (Doordarshan). Bajpayee
7452-457: The city of Bettiah in West Champaran district Bihar , Bajpayee aspired to become an actor since childhood. He relocated to Delhi at the age of seventeen, and applied for the National School of Drama , only to be rejected four times. He continued to do theatre while studying in college. Bajpayee made his feature film debut with a one-minute role in Drohkaal (1994) and a minor role as a dacoit in Shekhar Kapur 's Bandit Queen (1994). After
7560-418: The comedy Dil Pe Mat Le Yaar!! and the crime drama Ghaath , both alongside Tabu . A dialogue from the former sparked controversy in some political parties. Bajpayee's first release in 2001 was Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra 's supernatural thriller Aks . His negative portrayal of Raghavan Ghatge, a criminal who dies and is reincarnated in the body of Manu Verma (played by Amitabh Bachchan ), garnered him
7668-400: The contrary, a review carried by India Today called it an "amateurish attempt", but praised Bajpayee's acting. In 2013, Bajpayee had five releases: Samar , his Tamil debut film, was the first release. He appeared in a supporting role in the film. He then appeared in Neeraj Pandey 's heist thriller Special 26 . Based on the 1987 Opera House heist , he portrayed a CBI officer in
7776-465: The crime thriller Aiyaary , where he played Colonel Abhay Singh who is in pursuit of his protege Major Jai Bakshi ( Sidharth Malhotra ). Film critic Namrata Joshi criticised the film's plot and called Bajpayee and one song, the "film's only saving graces". He later appeared in Ahmed Khan 's Baaghi 2 , alongside Tiger Shroff and Disha Patani . Later that year, Bajpayee acted and made his debut as
7884-472: The ensemble comedy Money Hai Toh Honey Hai (2008), which was also a box office disaster. Bajpayee's shoulder got injured while filming the Telugu film Vedam , and was absent from the screen for nearly two years. He then returned in a major role with the comedy Jugaad (2009), which was based on the 2006 Delhi sealing drive incident. His next release was the mystery thriller Acid Factory (2009), which
7992-522: The film Bhonsle . He also won Filmfare OTT Award for Best Actor , for The Family Man (2021). He also won Movified best actor award for Sirf Ek Bandaa Kaafi Hai . Bajpayee was born in a Hindu Brahmin family on 23 April 1965 in a small village called Belwa near the city Bettiah in West Champaran , Bihar . He is the second child among his five other siblings, and was named after actor Manoj Kumar . One of his younger sisters Poonam Dubey,
8100-592: The film but wrote: "[Bajpayee] is in great form, he holds back mostly and in the process, constructs a character that says more with his eyes than with words." He next starred opposite Juhi Chawla in Ganesh Acharya 's drama film Swami . Bajpayee's final release of the year was the anthology film Dus Kahaniyaan . He acted in the Sanjay Gupta – directed story Zahir alongside Dia Mirza . All of his 2007 releases were financial failures. Next year, he starred in
8208-482: The film showcased the pressure and scenarios faced by an honest police constable, and was released on YouTube. The same year, he portrayed professor Ramchandra Siras , in Hansal Mehta's biographical drama Aligarh . The story followed the life of a homosexual professor who was expelled from Aligarh Muslim University because of his sexuality. Bajpayee watched a few clippings of Siras to prepare for his role. The film
8316-713: The film was based on a Punjabi novel of the same name . He received the National Film Special Jury Award for his performance in the film. He subsequently portrayed Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav in J. P. Dutta 's ensemble war film LOC: Kargil . It was based on the Kargil War , and Bajpayee was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for it. Both the films were commercially unsuccessful. Bajpayee's next roles were in Jaago (2004) opposite Raveena Tandon, Makarand Deshpande 's Hanan and
8424-445: The film. It was followed by the crime film Shootout at Wadala , where he played a character inspired by the gangster Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar . Bajpayee collaborated with Prakash Jha for the fourth time with Satyagraha . The film was loosely inspired by social activist Anna Hazare 's fight against corruption in 2011 , featuring an ensemble cast, the film was highly anticipated by trade journalists due to its release coinciding with
8532-411: The filming, Varma expressed his regret for offering Bajpayee a minor role. He then promised Bajpayee a prominent role in his next film. Satya (1998), a crime drama, was their next film together. In the film, Bajpayee played gangster Bhiku Mhatre, who accompanies the title character to form their nexus in the Mumbai underworld. Satya was mostly shot in the real slums of Mumbai. It was screened at
8640-474: The first one. To prepare for his role, Bajpayee shaved his head and lost four kilogram of weight. It premiered at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival , Toronto film festival , and the Sundance Film Festival in 2013. Gangs of Wasseypur released in India on 22 June to positive response. Anupama Chopra called it his best performance since Bhiku Mhatre in Satya . For his performance in the film, Bajpayee
8748-645: The inspiration for his role as the antagonist in Kick (2014). Bajpayee has also been vocal about the disparity in the pay he commands, in comparison to the top actors in the film industry. He has cited Amitabh Bachchan , Naseeruddin Shah and Raghubir Yadav as his inspirations. Director Ram Gopal Varma considers him to be "an education" for himself and said he is "simply the best actor I've ever worked with." Shekhar Kapur, who directed him in Bandit Queen , recalls: "Manoj had
8856-531: The last 125 years, there are no academic studies of any of them – of their use in South Africa, their evolution and current decline. Hindi is adopted as the third official court language in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi . As a result of this status, the Indian workforce in UAE can file their complaints to the labour courts in the country in their own mother-tongue. Hindi is the lingua franca of northern India (which contains
8964-641: The oath now in Nepali. I might rather take it in English." Hindi is a protected language in South Africa . According to the Constitution of South Africa , the Pan South African Language Board must promote and ensure respect for Hindi along with other languages. According to a doctoral dissertation by Rajend Mesthrie in 1985, although Hindi and other Indian languages have existed in South Africa for
9072-569: The official language of the imperial court during the reign of Shah Jahan . It is recorded that Emperor Aurangzeb spoke in Hindvi . The Hindustani vernacular became an expression of Indian national unity during the Indian Independence movement , and continues to be spoken as the common language of the people of the northern Indian subcontinent, which is reflected in the Hindustani vocabulary of Bollywood films and songs. Standard Hindi
9180-483: The place of the English borrowings (ṭeli)fon and ṭīvī . Hindi also features significant Persian influence, standardised from spoken Hindustani . Early borrowings, beginning in the mid-12th century, were specific to Islam (e.g. Muhammad , Islām ) and so Persian was simply an intermediary for Arabic. Later, under the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire , Persian became the primary administrative language in
9288-614: The politician-criminal nexus of the Motihari district in Bihar. Sify labelled Bajpayee's performance in the film as "truly amazing [..] especially the emotional scenes with Raveena Tandon ." The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi , with Bajpayee winning the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Performance. He also acted in the Telugu romantic film Prema Katha (1999). The year 2000 started for Bajpayee with
9396-522: The progressive use of Hindi language and impose restrictions on the use of the English language by the union government. In practice, the official language commissions are constantly endeavouring to promote Hindi but not imposing restrictions on English in official use by the union government. At the state level, Hindi is the official language of the following Indian states: Bihar , Chhattisgarh , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Jharkhand , Madhya Pradesh , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand . Hindi
9504-398: The rape of a living woman without her permission", and charged Shekhar Kapur with exploiting Phoolan Devi and misrepresenting both her life and its meaning. The film has a Rotten Tomatoes approval rating of 97% based on 29 reviews, with an average score of 7.6/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Brimming with bravura spectacle and an arresting turn by Seema Biswas, The Bandit Queen
9612-472: The role of Srikant Tiwari , a middle-class man who secretly works for an intelligence agency. The series and his performance received positive response from critics with Rohit Naahar of Hindustan Times writing: "Manoj Bajpayee is, as he usually tends to be, effortlessly excellent." He won the Critics Choice Best Actor, Drama Series Award at the 2020 Filmfare OTT Awards . In 2020, Bajpayee did
9720-462: The rugged ravines of Chambal without any food or water. Phoolan evaluates her options and decides to surrender. Her terms are to have her remaining mates protected and provided for. The film ends with Phoolan's surrender in February 1983. The end credits indicate that all the charges against her were withdrawn (including the charges of murder at Behmai), and that she was released in 1994. The film's music
9828-440: The same language, Hindustani or Hindi-Urdu. Hindi is the most commonly used scheduled language in India and is one of the two official languages of the union , the other being English. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan and is one of 22 scheduled languages of India , also having official status in Uttar Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir , Delhi , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh and Bihar . Hindi
9936-426: The same name , the film was released on 6 May 2016. His subsequent release of the year was the biographical sports film Budhia Singh – Born to Run , where he played the coach of Budhia Singh ; the world's youngest marathon runner. It was followed by the comedy film Saat Uchakkey (2016) and the short film Ouch directed by Neeraj Pandey. Bajpayee's first release of 2017 was the spy thriller Naam Shabana ,
10044-492: The screenplay in such a way that not a single minute is dull. The camera by Ahok Mehta has moved with ease in the jungle and actors Saurav Shukla, Rajesh Vivek have done their best. Seema Biswas as Phoolan Devi has given a subtle performance". 39th Valladolid International Film Festival : Nominated Won 42nd Filmfare Awards : Nominated Hindi Modern Standard Hindi ( आधुनिक मानक हिन्दी , Ādhunik Mānak Hindī ), commonly referred to as Hindi ,
10152-540: The sexual advances of the higher caste males. Accordingly, Phoolan lives with her cousin Kailash ( Saurabh Shukla ). En route to another village, she encounters a troop of daku s (bandits) of the Babu Gujjar gang, led by Vikram Mallah Mastana ( Nirmal Pandey ). Phoolan stays with Kailash for a while but is eventually compelled to leave. Angry and hopeless, Phoolan goes to the local police to try to have her ban lifted, but she
10260-535: The thriller Inteqam . In Jaago , he played a police officer who takes the situation into his own hands, after his 10-year-old daughter is raped and killed. The same year, he appeared in a supporting role in Yash Chopra 's romantic drama Veer-Zaara (2004). The film was screened at the 55th Berlin Film Festival , and grossed over ₹ 940 million (US$ 11 million) globally, becoming the highest-grossing film of
10368-435: The timing of the match. Phoolan's aging father Devideen (Ram Charan Nirmalker) conforming to his culture, disagrees, and Phoolan is sent off with Puttilal. Phoolan is exposed to some sexual and exploitative abuses, including the caste system . (Phoolan's family, as well as Puttilal's family, belong to the lower-ranked Mallah sub-caste; the higher ranked Thakur caste takes the lead in social and political situations.) Puttilal
10476-471: The transition from Middle Indo-Aryan to Hindi are: During the period of Delhi Sultanate in medieval India , which covered most of today's north India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal and Bangladesh and which resulted in the contact of Hindu and Muslim cultures , the Sanskrit and Prakrit base of Old Hindi became enriched with loanwords from Persian , evolving into the present form of Hindustani. Hindi achieved prominence in India after it became
10584-699: The village of Behmai. Phoolan is repeatedly raped and beaten by Shri Ram and by the rest of the gang members, as punishment for her "disrespect" for his previous advances, and for her audacity at being equal. The final humiliation and punishment is that she is stripped naked, paraded around Behmai, beaten, and sent to fetch water from the well (in full view of the village). A severely traumatized Phoolan returns to her cousin Kailash. She recovers gradually and seeks out Man Singh ( Manoj Bajpai ), an old friend of Vikram Mallah. Man Singh brings her to another large gang, led by Baba Mustakim ( Rajesh Vivek ). She relates her history to Baba and asks him for some men and weapons to form
10692-594: The wedding party and her gang exacts revenge on the entire Thakur clan of Behmai. They round up the men and beat them up. Many of the men are finally shot. This act of vengeance brings her to the attention of the national law enforcement authorities (in New Delhi). The top police officials now begin a massive manhunt for Phoolan, and Thakur Shri Ram relishes the opportunity to come to their aid. The manhunt claims many lives in Phoolan's gang. They are ultimately forced to hide out in
10800-668: The world including first and second language speakers. Hindi is the fastest growing language of India , followed by Kashmiri , Meitei , Gujarati and Bengali according to the 2011 census of India . The term Hindī originally was used to refer to inhabitants of the Indo-Gangetic Plain . It was borrowed from Classical Persian هندی Hindī ( Iranian Persian pronunciation: Hendi ), meaning ' of or belonging to Hind (India) ' (hence, ' Indian ' ). Another name Hindavī ( हिन्दवी ) or Hinduī ( हिन्दुई ) (from Persian هندوی 'of or belonging to
10908-641: The year . In 2005, Bajpayee acted in Dharmesh Darshan 's drama Bewafaa , the thriller Fareb , and the English language film Return to Rajapur . He also acted in the Telugu romance Happy (2006). In 2007, Bajpayee played Major Suraj Singh in 1971 . The film tells the story of six Indian army soldiers, who escape from the Pakistani prison after they were captured during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 . Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN , criticised
11016-400: Was a remake of the 2006 American film Unknown . He played a comic role of one among the people who are kidnapped and locked in a factory with no memory of how they came there. The film did not do well at the box office. The string of financial failures continued with his next release. In Madhur Bhandarkar 's Jail (2009), he played a convict serving life imprisonment. He called his role
11124-423: Was a struggling actor when Mahesh Bhatt offered him the soap opera Swabhimaan (1995), which aired on Doordarshan . He agreed to do the serial at a low fee. Next, Bajpayee appeared in minor roles in films such as Dastak (1996) and Tamanna (1997). Director Ram Gopal Varma discovered Bajpayee when he was casting for Daud (1997), a comedy film, where he had a supporting role. Following completion of
11232-471: Was composed by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan , with Khan also voicing non-instrumental pieces in the soundtrack which includes tracks based on traditional Rajasthani music . In India, the film grossed ₹206.7 million ( $ 5,833,545 ). In the United States and Canada, the film grossed $ 399,748 ( ₹14,164,271 ). Combined, the film grossed approximately ₹221 million ( $ 6.23 million ) worldwide. Although Phoolan Devi
11340-614: Was envisioned that Hindi would become the sole working language of the Union Government by 1965 (per directives in Article 344 (2) and Article 351), with state governments being free to function in the language of their own choice. However, widespread resistance to the imposition of Hindi on non-native speakers, especially in South India (such as those in Tamil Nadu ) led to the passage of
11448-461: Was given India's fourth highest civilian honour Padma Shri for his contributions to art. The same year he portrayed dacoit Man Singh in Abhishek Chaubey 's action film Sonchiriya . Raja Sen in his review wrote that Bajpayee is "excellent as a rebel chief." Later, he appeared in the spy action drama web series The Family Man , directed by Raj Nidimoru and Krishna D.K. Bajpayee played
11556-588: Was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Actor . His next film was the historical drama Chittagong (2012), based on the Chittagong armoury raid . Bajpai portrayed the Bengali independence fighter Surya Sen in it, for which he charged no money. His final release of the year was Chakravyuh , where he played a Naxalite ; a role which required him to lose 5 kilograms weight. Writer and lyricist Javed Akhtar called Chakravyuh "the best film of last 20 years". On
11664-524: Was screened at the 20th Busan International Film Festival , and the 2015 Mumbai Film Festival . Aligarh was released on 26 February 2016 to positive reviews. Bajpayee won the Best Actor award at the 10th Asia Pacific Screen Awards and his third Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor. He next played a traffic constable in Rajesh Pillai 's swan song Traffic (2016). A remake of the Malayalam film of
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