111-513: Scouting in Maryland has a long history, from the 1910s to the present day, serving millions of youth with activities that have adapted to the changing cultural environment but have always been rooted in an active outdoor program. Scouting in Maryland dates back to the earliest days of the movement. Robert S. Garrett (1875-1961) was among the twenty-five men who organized the National Council of
222-487: A Presbyterian farm couple, David and Margaret Jane Bratton Boyce. The Boyces had three children: William Dickson, Mary, and John. During his rural childhood, Boyce acquired a love for the outdoors. He began teaching school at the age of 16 and then worked briefly as a coal miner . He returned to teaching before joining his sister at Wooster Academy in Ohio , which—according to school records—he attended from 1880 to 1881. It
333-525: A Boy Scout. Boyce was so impressed by the boy's actions that it inspired him to bring Scouting to America. Soon thereafter, Boyce met with Robert Baden-Powell , who was the head of the Boy Scout Association at that time. Boyce returned to America, and, four months later, founded the Boy Scouts of America on February 8, 1910. He intended to base the program around American Indian lore. This version of
444-535: A bitterly fought campaign which he lost to first-term incumbent George E. Foss . In all likelihood, Boyce met Roosevelt at the Union League Club of Chicago , of which the former had become a member in 1891. His ambivalent attitude towards government was a common one of the general public during the Progressive Era . However, Boyce's Republican credentials and monetary contributions earned him an invitation to
555-684: A failed expedition to the Yukon River in 1898. Boyce soon began to carry out his own expeditions. When the United States entered the Spanish–American War in 1898, Boyce set sail for Cuban waters aboard the ship Three Friends . The nature of the activities of Boyce and this ship are unknown. In March 1909, Boyce embarked on a two-month trip to Europe, which included a visit to his daughters, who were in Rome. On returning to America, Boyce organized
666-457: A long border with the woodlands of Elk Neck State Park . Along with Broad Creek Reservation, Rodney has placed much of its land into conservation easements for permanent legal protection from residential or commercial development. A number of facilities and campsites directly overlook the Chesapeake Bay which is used for an active aquatics program. Laurel Highlands Council serves youth in
777-724: A love for the outdoors early in his life. After working as a schoolteacher and a coal miner, Boyce attended Wooster Academy in Ohio before moving to the Midwest and Canada. An astute businessman, Boyce successfully established several newspapers, such as The Commercial in Winnipeg , Manitoba, and the Lisbon Clipper in Lisbon, North Dakota . With his first wife, Mary Jane Beacom, he moved to Chicago to pursue his entrepreneurial ambitions. There he established
888-564: A month to keep the organization running on the condition that boys of all races and creeds be included. He was not interested in directing the organization, and turned over the running of the organization to Edgar M. Robinson of the YMCA , who proceeded to recruit the permanent executive board of the BSA. The much-needed leadership and management arrived when the Sons of Daniel Boone and Woodcraft Indians merged with
999-533: A newspaper wherever he went. His first venture into commercial publishing was compiling a city directory. He also worked briefly for a publisher in Columbus, Ohio , and a newspaper publisher in Kensington, Pennsylvania , part of Philadelphia . He then boarded a train for Chicago and worked as a secretary and salesman for Western magazine. Restless again, he moved to Saint Paul, Minnesota , and sold advertisements for
1110-716: A nine-month, 50,000-mile (80,000 km) expedition to South America that was extensively reported in his newspapers. In late January 1915, Boyce sailed to England because of his concern over World War I. He received permission from the American Legation in Switzerland to travel into Germany and Austria for six weeks to report on the industrial and commercial effects of the war on those countries. He sent extensive reports to his newspapers and returned home around April–May. In late 1922, Boyce departed on another expedition to Africa, this time for six months. Morocco reminded him of
1221-468: A photographic expedition to Africa with the innovative aerial photographer George R. Lawrence. Boyce met with safari organizers and outfitters and provisioned his expedition in London and Naples. His son Benjamin and Lawrence's son Raymond were part of the expedition. Cartoonist John T. McCutcheon joined the expedition while they were sailing from Naples to Africa. The group disembarked at Mombasa , Kenya , and
SECTION 10
#17330929425991332-466: A public park, which was named in his honor. Garrett helped develop Baltimore's public recreational facilities, many of which were privately funded by himself, colleagues and friends. Garrett organized the Public Athletic League which later merged with a similar earlier Children's Playground Association. He was the first chairman of Baltimore City's Bureau of Recreation, and the first chairman of
1443-560: A publisher for a short time and then spent a month in Fargo, North Dakota , and Grand Forks, North Dakota . Further north in Canada , in Winnipeg , Manitoba , he and local resident James W. Steen co-founded The Commercial in 1881, a newspaper that lasted for 70 years. He sold his share of "The Commercial" to his partner in 1882 and returned to Fargo where he became a reporter. In December 1882, Boyce moved to Lisbon, North Dakota , where he bought
1554-491: A result of this and his desire to serve boys who had limited opportunities as he himself did when he was young, Boyce started a new Scouting-related venture: the Lone Scouts of America (LSA) on January 9, 1915. Reliance on Native American themes gave LSA a distinct Native American flavor: Lone Scouts could form small groups known as "tribes", the tribe's treasurer was known as the " wampum -bearer", and LSA taught boys to respect
1665-642: A rural postal express, pay rent to the United States Department of the Treasury for postal buildings, and return profits over seven percent. This offer was rejected by the government, but it did halt their planned second-class postage rate increase. Boyce was a multi-millionaire by the early 1900s and by 1909 became more interested in civic affairs and less in finance. He also began to travel, often as part of hunting expeditions. He leased hunting lodges at Fort Sisseton, South Dakota , where he had hunted as
1776-484: A street; he did not take him to the Scout headquarters and Boyce never met Baden-Powell. Upon Boyce's request, the unknown Scout did give him the address of the Scout headquarters, where Boyce went and picked up a copy of Scouting For Boys and other printed material on Scouting. He read this while on safari and was so impressed that instead of making his return to America an around-the-world trip via San Francisco, he returned to
1887-463: A telegram that said the entire American nation owed him a debt of gratitude. A statue that commemorates his contribution to the Boy Scouts of America was placed near his grave on June 21, 1941, which West dedicated. Boyce was recognized with the Silver Buffalo Award in 1926, the first year it was awarded, for his efforts in starting the BSA. He was the third recipient, after Baden-Powell and
1998-459: A time when women had trouble finding work and workers were often oppressed, Boyce felt their rights were important: his businesses employed many women and he supported labor unions. His newspapers often carried stories about the "nobility of labor". His businesses were able to pay out wages and benefits during the Panic of 1893 , a time when many businesses were laying off workers and cutting wages. During
2109-412: A uniform made for himself, he stipulated that no Lone Scout was required to purchase one. Boyce felt that Lone Scout was the best magazine he had ever done. Lone Scout was so popular that it could not handle all the material that was submitted, so many local and regional Tribe Papers were started. By 1922, Boyce's newspaper business was suffering and Lone Scout was losing money—it switched from
2220-573: A weekly to a monthly. Boyce's racial prejudice was revealed when the racial tensions in Chicago increased in the 1920s. The LSA issued a formal proclamation in late 1920 that it would only accept whites and in 1922 changed the masthead of Lone Scout from "A Real Boys' Magazine" to "The White Boys Magazine". The fortunes of the LSA had begun to decline by 1920 when Boyce hired the first professional editor for Lone Scout , George N. Madison. Madison discovered that
2331-492: A year. They had two sons and three daughters by 1920. Although their first daughter and son both died as infants, and their youngest son, a United States Army Air Corps pilot Lt. John Work Garrett (1924–1944) died during World War II (1939/1941–1945), and sons Harrison Garrett (1911–1994) and Johnson Garrett (1912–1979) survived their parents, as did daughters Katharine Garrett Bainbridge (1914–1999) and Ella Brock Johnson Garrett Brigham (1917–2006). As an undergraduate, Garrett
SECTION 20
#17330929425992442-555: A young man. He often hosted friends and relatives, especially his son, for activities such as hunting, fishing, dinner, poker, and plentiful liquor. These changes may have been in part caused by the destruction of his Ottawa mansion by fire in early 1908, which was soon rebuilt, followed three months later by the sale of his Marseilles paper mill due to a new law that prevented railroads from negotiating with shippers, and his September 1908 announcement that he and his wife, Mary Jane, were separating. In 1914 Boyce bought two more newspapers,
2553-419: A youth important responsibilities such as being polite, reading human nature, and handling money. Boyce's focused determination was evident in the advice he gave to young men: "There are many obstacles to overcome, but toil, grit and endurance will help you to overcome them all. Help yourself and others will help you." and "whatever trade you have selected; never swerve from that purpose a single moment until it
2664-541: Is a remote 500-acre (2.0 km) forested mountain facility with a 10-acre (40,000 m) lake located in the rural area two miles (3 km) from the village of Fort Littleton, Pennsylvania in Fulton County. It is located 120 miles (190 km) from Baltimore, 115 miles (185 km) from DC, and 65 miles (105 km) from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania . On July 11, 2023, the Mason-Dixon Council voted to merge into
2775-426: Is accomplished". In 1891, Boyce began working on his own 12-story office building at 30 North Dearborn Street, known as the " Boyce Building ", it was designed by architect Henry Ives Cobb . Even 20 years later, this building was recognized as the most expensive building (in terms of dollars per cubic foot) in Chicago. In 1907, Boyce consolidated his business operations into another office building, also known as
2886-667: Is among the highest of all the councils. The youth retention rate approaches 80%. The Chester County Council serves Chester County, Pennsylvania and part of Cecil County, Maryland in that state's northeast corner. It is one of the oldest councils in the nation. The Council's Camp Horseshoe straddles the Mason–Dixon line between these two counties. The Mason-Dixon Council serves southern Franklin and Fulton Counties in Pennsylvania and neighboring Washington County in Maryland. Sinoquipe Scout Reservation (Sinoquipe means Builder of Men)
2997-656: Is rated as a "Class 100" council by the National Council (headquarters office), which denotes that the NCAC is among the very largest in the country. Chartered in 1911, it is also one of the oldest. The council is divided into 23 districts serving ten counties in Northern Virginia, six counties in Maryland, the District of Columbia, and the US Virgin Islands. The council has a 2.5 to 1 ratio of youth members to adult leaders, which
3108-571: Is uncertain if he graduated or was expelled. He then worked as a teacher, lumberjack , secretary, and salesman in the Midwest and Canada before settling in Chicago, where he quickly became known as a persuasive and shrewd salesman and learned business quickly. His books on business, travel, and expeditions often used the phrase "We pushed on." On January 1, 1884, Boyce married Mary Jane Beacom (1865–1959), whom he had known since his Pennsylvania childhood. Boyce called her Betsy, but to many her nickname
3219-471: The " Chicago Ledger " , a fiction weekly publication. In January 1903 he founded the international Boyce's Weekly , which advocated worker's rights. Boyce's prominence as a supporter of labor attracted labor/union leaders such as John Mitchell of the United Mine Workers and Henry Demarest Lloyd as writers and editors for Boyce's Weekly . Eight months later, Boyce's Weekly was consolidated with
3330-472: The " Indianapolis Sun " , which he renamed the " Indianapolis Daily Times " , and the "Inter Ocean Farmer" , which he renamed "The Farming Business" . By 1920, the majority of Americans lived in cities instead of rural areas. Lone Scout , "Saturday Blade" , and " Chicago Ledger " all focused on rural customers and began to falter. Boyce launched "Home Folks Magazine" in an attempt to regain customers. By June 1925, sales had slipped so much that he merged
3441-700: The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (the first passenger railroad line established in America, 1827–1828), for nearly three decades (1858–1884), including supporting the Union during the American Civil War (1861–1865), making it by the middle of the 19th century as one of the most important lines in the nation, and also became an important philanthropist in Baltimore. His father was Thomas Harrison Garrett (1849–1888), and his mother
Scouting in Maryland - Misplaced Pages Continue
3552-599: The Dakota Clipper . Beginning in December 1884, Boyce managed reporters and news releases at the "Bureau of Correspondence" at the six-month-long World's Industrial and Cotton Centennial Exposition in New Orleans , Louisiana . Countries from all over the world sent displays. Boyce was responsible for providing news stories on events and displays to over 1,200 newspapers around the country. He returned to North Dakota after
3663-693: The Delmarva area. However, the current Rodney Scout Reservation was established in 1921. In Severna Park , was Camp Linstead, the camp of Nentico Lodge in its early years. There are currently six Boy Scouts of America (BSA) local councils serving the youth of Maryland. All the councils are within the Northeast Region of the BSA. Baltimore Area Council partners with approximately 800 community-based organizations providing programs to more than 11,880 youth each year. Baltimore Area Council operates three full service Scout Shops either directly or thru license with
3774-672: The Mason-Dixon Council (#221). The Cumberland Council (#757) was founded 1926. In 1938 it changed its name to the Potomac Council (#757), It merged in 2014 with Laurel Highlands Council. The Order of the Arrow Nentico Lodge was established in 1922 by E. Urner Goodman . The 1923 National Order of the Arrow Lodge Meeting was held at Baltimore, Maryland . In the early 1920s, there were several camps named Rodney in
3885-411: The Progressive Era , internationally prominent, had concern for children, supported Scouting, were adventurers and outdoorsmen, (modern-day "environmentalists"), and were interested in civic reform. Although Boyce admired and sought to surpass Roosevelt, his only foray into politics was the 1896 Republican primary for a United States representative (congressman) in the U.S. House of Representatives –
3996-613: The Pullman Strike of the Pullman Palace Car Company in 1894, which spread to 20 companies in over half the states, Boyce called Eugene V. Debs , the socialist labor national leader of the American Railway Union , a "great labor leader" and industrialist George Pullman , inventor of the railroad passenger and sleeping car , the man "who caused all the trouble" (the then-current labor and social/political strife of
4107-671: The Saturday Blade. Boyce also established the selected subject/topical newspapers Farm Business in 1914 and Home Folks Magazine in 1922. Dwindling sales led to the 1925 merger of the Blade and Ledger into the monthly Chicago Blade & Ledger , which was published until 1937. As Boyce's enterprises grew, he insisted on looking after the welfare of about 30,000 delivery boys, who were key to his financial success. Working with them may have helped him gain an understanding of America's youth. Boyce felt that delivering and selling newspapers taught
4218-462: The presidential inauguration and ball of newly elected successor to "T.R.", the 27th President, William Howard Taft in March 1909. Boyce financed an expedition of the explorer Frederick Schwatka to Alaska in 1896. Schwatka discovered gold near Nome and Boyce reported this success in his newspapers, which led him to finance other Schwatka expeditions as well as those of other adventurers, including
4329-792: The 100 Great Moments in Baltimore Area Scouting History, Birthday Card Contest, Scouting Mural/Mosaic Project and the 100th Anniversary Service Project. In February 2009, the Star-Spangled Banner Flag or the Great Garrison Flag (also known as the 15 Star Flag) was officially adopted as the Official U.S. Flag of the Baltimore Area Council by authority of the Council Executive Board. A public ceremony
4440-543: The 1890s). In 1901 when the Boyce Paper Manufacturing Company in Marseilles, Illinois , burned down, he paid the workers immediately and then hired them back as construction workers to rebuild the paper mill so they would not lose income. Yet, he was also protective of his money. In late 1894, when two of his workers were injured by a fallen smokestack and won $ 2,000 each in a court judgment, Boyce appealed
4551-582: The B.S.A. and founded the L.S.A. in January 1915, which catered to rural boys who had limited opportunities to form a troop or a patrol. In June 1924, five years before Boyce's death, a merger was completed between the B.S.A. and the struggling L.S.A. Boyce received many awards and memorials for his efforts in the U.S. Scouting movement, including the famed " Silver Buffalo Award ". Boyce was born on June 16, 1858, in New Texas, Pennsylvania – now Plum Borough —to
Scouting in Maryland - Misplaced Pages Continue
4662-402: The BSA's Chief Scout Executive, over a program for boys who lived too far from town to join a troop. Boyce offered to publish a magazine for the BSA, as long as it was published in Chicago. The National Executive Board of the BSA turned this offer down and shortly thereafter Boyce ceased being active in administrative activities of the BSA, though he remained a staunch supporter of the program. As
4773-464: The BSA. Boyce felt that Scouting's emphasis on outdoor activity was crucial in producing the type of leaders that America needed because youth reared in cities had too much done for them, whereas those from the country had to learn to do things for themselves. Scouting was focused on teaching self-reliance, citizenship, resourcefulness, patriotism, obedience, cheerfulness, courage, and courtesy in order "to make men". Boyce clashed with James E. West ,
4884-704: The Boy Scouts of America in 1910. Mr. Garrett was a Baltimore civic leader, prominent philanthropist, explorer and Olympic champion. Named in the federal charter of 1916, Mr. Garrett served on the BSA National Executive Board from 1912 to 1919 and remained a member of the National Council until his death. He was one of the original nine Baltimore recipients of the Silver Beaver Award in 1931. The first seven Scout Troops in Baltimore were granted charters by Scout Commissioner H. Laurance Eddy (1884-1962) on September 9, 1910. (Eddy's role as Scout Commissioner
4995-606: The Boyce Building, at 500–510 North Dearborn Street. A new four-story office building—designed by the architectural firm of Daniel Burnham —was built on this location in 1912 and expanded during 1913–14 with an additional six stories. This building was later listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 29, 1996, maintained by the United States Department of the Interior and its National Park Service . At
5106-528: The Chicago Hussars—an independent equestrian military organization. In 1903, Boyce purchased a four-story mansion on 38 acres (15 ha) in Ottawa, Illinois , which became the center of his family and social activities. Thereafter, he showed little interest in Chicago and its social activities; he would only go there on business. Boyce and Mary led increasingly separate lives and eventually divorced, which
5217-637: The Dakotas, Kansas , Texas , Florida , and Arizona . In Egypt he visited the tomb of Tutankhamun , which had been discovered just a few months earlier. His expedition then went to Luxor and sailed up the Nile River to Edfu , where the houses had no roofs and while he was there it rained and hailed for the first time in decades. Boyce stated that between his two expeditions to Africa, he had shot at least one of every game animal. As Boyce's interest in philanthropy grew, he turned to his childhood experiences in
5328-658: The Exposition concluded, but by early 1886 he had moved back to Chicago. He often returned in North Dakota for publishing business deals and deer- and duck-hunting vacations. In Chicago, he founded the Mutual Newspaper Publishing Company in 1886 which provided advertisements and articles to over 200 newspapers. In 1887, he established the weekly Saturday Blade , an illustrated newspaper aimed at rural audiences and sold by thousands of newsboys—an innovation at
5439-562: The Garrett Park recreation area in Baltimore City's Brooklyn neighborhood, on East Patapsco Avenue, between Second and Third Streets, was donated and named for him. He donated his papers to Princeton University; the Library of Congress also has family papers In the 1984 NBC television two-part miniseries , The First Olympics: Athens 1896 , Garrett was portrayed by actor Hunt Block . In
5550-717: The Girl Scouts Beyond Bars program that tries to maintain ties between female prisoners and their daughters by having them participate in Girl Scouts. The program has been replicated in some 25 other Girl Scout Councils. Serves Maryland girls on the Delmarva Peninsula . This council supports girls in several Maryland counties: Calvert, Charles, Montgomery, Prince George's, Frederick, St. Mary's, Allegany, and Washington. An international Polish Scout Jamboree with several thousand participants took place in Maryland in
5661-539: The LSA's membership roster was wildly inaccurate: it was full of duplications and inactive members. The reported 490,000 Lone Scouts in 1922 was a vastly inflated number. Boyce finally accepted West's annual offer to merge with the BSA in April 1924, with the merger formalized on June 16, 1924. Some Lone Scouts did not transfer to the BSA, but the BSA continued Lone Scouting as a separate division for another decade, gradually losing its unique programs. Present day Lone Scouts use
SECTION 50
#17330929425995772-478: The Mutual Newspaper Publishing Company and the weekly Saturday Blade , which catered to a rural audience and was distributed by thousands of newspaper boys. With his novel employment of newsboys to boost newspaper sales, Boyce's namesake publishing company maintained a circulation of 500,000 copies per week by 1894. Boyce strongly supported worker rights, as demonstrated by his businesses' support of labor unions and his concern for his newsboys' well-being . By
5883-731: The National Capital Area Council (#082) in 1926. The Baltimore Area Council (#220) was incorporated on May 9, 1911 as the Maryland Council but immediately referred to as the Baltimore Council (#220). The Balmore Council was first referred to as the Baltimore Area Council beginning in 1926. The Washington County Council (#221) was founded in 1927 and changed its name in 1939 to the Washington Area Council (#221) in 1939. In 1956 it changed its name again to
5994-497: The National Council, Boy Scouts of America in Baltimore City, Hanover and Whiteford in Harford County, Maryland. In 2008, Baltimore Area Council announced ten top initiative programs to highlight the Boy Scouts of America 100th Anniversary in 2010. The Top Ten Initiatives are: Star-Spangled Camporee at Fort McHenry and surrounding City Parks, Scout Sunday And Sabbath, Anniversary Black Tie Gala, Gathering of Eagles, Flag Ceremonies,
6105-430: The Pittsburgh and surrounding areas, Allegany and Garrett Counties in Maryland and Mineral, Hampshire, Hardy, and Grant Counties in West Virginia. The National Capital Area Council (NCAC) is a local council within the Northeast Region and serves Scouts in the Washington, D.C. , Maryland , Virginia , and the United States Virgin Islands . The council offers extensive training, and administrative support to units. It
6216-420: The Public Athletic League, the Social Workers’ Bureau and other Garrett-supported civic endeavors. The Frostburg Council was founded in 1917 and closed in 1919. By 1917, the Baltimore Council provided less support beyond Central Maryland as local councils were created in Frostburg, Westminster, Salisbury and Frederick. The Westminster Council was founded in 1917 and closed in 1919. The Salisbury Council
6327-441: The Scout headquarters in London. He volunteered to organize Scouting in America and was told that he could use their manual. While Boyce's original account does not mention fog, a 1928 account says there was fog. Climatologists report no fog on that day in London. The Boy Scouts of America was incorporated on February 8, 1910, but it struggled from shortages of cash and leadership in the beginning. Boyce personally donated $ 1,000
6438-512: The Shenandoah Area Council based in Winchester, Virginia. The Mason Dixon Council is made up of three districts: The Order of the Arrow lodge for the Mason-Dixon Council is Guneukitschik Lodge No. 317. Four Girl Scout Councils serve Maryland but only one is headquartered in the state. Serves Maryland girls in Garrett County. The only council with headquarters in Maryland, it serves over 30,000 girls in Baltimore City, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford and Howard Counties. It originated
6549-434: The Union League of Chicago named Boyce its first Hall of Fame member. Boyce had been a member from 1891 until he died. On December 6, 1997, a Scouting museum opened in Ottawa. The W. D. Boyce Council of the BSA is named in his honor. A Pennsylvania State Historical Marker located on Boyce Campus of Community College of Allegheny County in Monroeville, Pennsylvania , recognizes his achievements to Scouting. Not far from
6660-405: The Unknown Scout. During the BSA's 50th anniversary in 1960, 15,000 Scouts and several of Boyce's descendants gathered in Ottawa for a Boyce Memorial weekend. Illinois governor William Stratton delivered the key address and Bridge Street was renamed Boyce Memorial Drive. In 1985, about 2,500 Scouts attended a 75th anniversary pilgrimage in Ottawa, attended by his last surviving child, Virginia, and
6771-416: The also newly located Homewood Campus of The Johns Hopkins University . In 1942, Garrett donated his collection of more than 11,000 manuscripts to Princeton University , including the "Aksum Scrolls" and sixteen Byzantine Greek manuscripts, containing rare examples of illuminated Byzantine art . Through a mayoral appointment, Garrett served as the chairman of the city's Public Improvement Commission. He
SECTION 60
#17330929425996882-832: The battle which inspired Francis Scott Key to write his inspirational poem which later became the national anthem , The Star-Spangled Banner . In 2023, the Baltimore Area Council (BAC) supported 11,886 youth members comprising 408 units (Cub Scout Packs, Scouts BSA Troops, Venturing Crews, Sea Scout Ships, and Explorer Posts). There were 427 scouts, both male and female, that earned scoutings highest rank of Eagle Scout in 2023; and that year BAC scouts also earned 17,357 Merit Badges. Over 9,730 Scouts in BAC contributed 105,047 volunteer hours in their Central Maryland communities, and collected 120,000 pounds of food for local food banks through BSA's 2023 Scouting for Food campaign. The Baltimore Area Council includes seven districts: In 2023, total attendance at Broad Creek Memorial Scout Reservation
6993-540: The case all the way to the Supreme Court of Illinois , and lost. He was also persistent in getting what he wanted; in 1902, he sued the Marseilles Land and Power Company for not supplying enough water power to his mills and won a $ 65,300 judgment. By 1903, the Marseilles Land and Power Company fell into receivership and Boyce bought up the company. Boyce hired his son, Ben, when he was 20 years old, giving him high-level positions in his water and power businesses in and around Marseilles and Ottawa. However, their relationship
7104-423: The ceremony. At this time Boyce's first wife, Mary, exchanged some of her Chicago property for the home in Ottawa, which sparked speculation that she and Boyce might reconcile. The next year they remarried on June 14, 1913, in Ottawa. They then departed on a honeymoon to Alaska, Hawaii, the Philippines , Panama , and Cuba, with their daughter Happy, son Ben, and his wife Miriam. As Boyce traveled, he often started
7215-471: The city's Board of Park Commissioners for the combined Department of Recreation and Parks. Garrett was through much of his life an active member of the National Recreation Association, and was elected its chairman in 1941. In the Baltimore mayoral campaign of 1947, both the Republican and Democratic nominees promised that, if elected, they would name Garrett as chairman of the city's Department of Recreation and Parks. A devout Presbyterian throughout his life, he
7326-429: The divorce and arranged for a $ 100,000 settlement. Years later, the elder Virginia married Richard Roberts, a New York banker, and moved with her and Boyce's daughter to Greenwich, Connecticut . The younger Virginia took the surname Roberts. She did not meet her natural father, Boyce, until she was eight years old. Ben married Miriam Patterson of Omaha, Nebraska , on June 11, 1912. Both Boyce and his first wife attended
7437-407: The early years of the 20th century, Boyce had become a multi-millionaire and had taken a step back from his businesses to pursue his interests in civic affairs, devoting more time to traveling and participating in expeditions. In 1909, he embarked on a two-month trip to Europe and a large photographic expedition to Africa with photographer George R. Lawrence and cartoonist John T. McCutcheon . Over
7548-411: The eastern shore portions (east of the Chesapeake Bay) of Maryland and Virginia . Rodney Scout Reservation , also known as Camp Rodney or simply RSR , is a Scouts BSA camp located near North East, Maryland . Along with Henson Scout Reservation , it is one of the two main Scout camps in the Del-Mar-Va Council. Covering 900 acres (3.6 km) including the Bull Mountain Wilderness Area, it shares
7659-513: The eldest child of Virginia and John Adams Lee, a former Lieutenant Governor of Missouri . Both Virginia's parents and Boyce's son Ben opposed the relationship. In May 1910, after the planned marriage was announced, an infuriated Ben scuffled with his father outside the Blackstone Hotel and Boyce sustained a facial wound. Ben was arrested for disorderly conduct and fined $ 5 and court costs. Two days later, Boyce and Virginia married and went to Europe on an extended honeymoon. Almost immediately, there
7770-455: The environment. Boyce's annual contribution to the LSA grew to $ 100,000. In both the BSA and the LSA, Boyce was a manager and had little direct contact with the Boy Scouts. Upon his return from reporting on World War I, Boyce immediately began expanding the LSA by starting Lone Scout magazine and hiring Frank Allan Morgan, a noted Chicago Scoutmaster, to lead the LSA. By November 1915, the LSA had over 30,000 members. Warren conferred upon Boyce
7881-468: The event for fun. The three Greek discus throwers among the eleven men entered in the event were true stylists. Each throw, as they spun and rose from a classical Discobolus stance, was intended to be beautiful. Garrett threw the discus with tremendous force using a style more similar to the hammer throw , after seizing the discus in his right hand and swinging himself around and around. Garrett's first two throws were clumsy. Instead of sailing parallel to
7992-574: The following two and a half years traveling extensively with his mother and two brothers, Horatio and John, in Europe and the Near East. During his travels Garrett developed a particular interest in manuscripts and began collecting. He used the text Universal Paleography: or, Facsimiles of Writing of All Nations and Periods by J. B. Silvester (by Sir Frederic Madden, London, 1949–50) as his guide for collecting primary examples of every known type of script. Garrett
8103-569: The former Alice Dickerson Whitridge (1851–1920); his elder brother John Work Garrett (1872–1942) became a distinguished American diplomat for the United States Department of State . Like his elder brother, Robert S. Garrett studied at Princeton University , in Princeton, New Jersey , where he excelled in track and field athletics as an undergraduate, and captained Princeton's track team in both his junior and senior years. Garrett married Katharine Barker Johnson (1885–1961), who survived him by less than
8214-554: The ground, the discus turned over and over and narrowly missed hitting audience members. Both foreigners and Americans laughed at his efforts, and Garrett joined in the general merriment. His final throw, however, punctuated with a loud grunt, sent the discus sailing 19 centimetres (7.5 in) beyond the second-place throw (by Panagiotis Paraskevopoulos ) mark at 29.15 metres (95 ft 8 in). American spectator Burton Holmes wrote: "All were stupefied. The Greeks had been defeated at their own classic exercise. They were overwhelmed by
8325-622: The hammer throw final. Garrett later became a banker and financier at his grandfather's historic mercantile firm, Robert Garrett and Sons, at their landmark office building on the southwest corner of South and Water Streets in downtown Baltimore . He was an investor in the B&;O Railroad . Garrett had an early intensive interest in science, especially in history and archeology , and became an early collector and important donor. He helped to organize and finance an archaeological expedition to Syria , led by Dr. John M. T. Finney . From 1932 to 1939, he
8436-403: The high jump (tied equally with James Connolly at 1.65 metres (5 ft 5 in)) and second in the long jump (with a jump of 6.00 metres (19 ft 8 in)). In the subsequent 1900 Olympics four years later, Garrett competed again and placed third in the shot put and the standing triple jump. His bronze medal in the shot put was unusual, as he refused to compete in the final because it
8547-425: The hot air balloons were not suitable for the conditions on the plains of East Africa, and the cameras were so large and noisy to move into position that the animals were scared away. The members of the expedition had to resort to buying photographs of big game animals from shops in cities such as Nairobi. The expedition did manage to successfully hunt several species of big game animals. In December 1910, Boyce led
8658-497: The latter two titles into the "Blade and Ledger" , which caused sales to rise again. This encouraged Boyce to start "Movie Romances" , one of the first tabloid magazines about movie star romances. Boyce's success in the publishing business lay in his ability to organize the administration of a business and delegate details to subordinates. He eventually amassed a fortune of about US$ 20 million. Boyce's life paralleled Theodore Roosevelt 's in many ways: Both men were products of
8769-547: The legend has been printed in numerous BSA handbooks and magazines. There are several variations of it, including ones that claim Boyce knew about Scouting before this encounter and that the Unknown Scout took him to Scout headquarters. In actuality, Boyce stopped in London en route to a safari in British East Africa . It is true that an unknown Scout helped him and refused a tip. But this Scout only helped him cross
8880-723: The marker is a county park, Boyce Park , that was named for him. A medallion of Boyce is near the White House as part of The Extra Mile – Points of Light Volunteer Pathway . In 2005, the BSA introduced the William D. Boyce New Unit Organization Award , presented to the organizer of any new Scouting unit. The Extra Mile National Monument in Washington, DC selected Boyce as one of its 37 honorees. The Extra Mile pays homage to Americans like Boyce who set their own self-interest aside to help others and successfully brought positive social change to
8991-457: The national civil rights movement expanded in the late 1940s and 1950s. Garrett was later asked to resign from the Board of Park Commissioners when a positive vote for integration was taken. Garrett died on April 25, 1961, in Baltimore, Maryland and was buried with other family members at Baltimore's historic Green Mount Cemetery , where his widow would also be buried by year's end. As noted above,
9102-431: The next two decades, Boyce led expeditions to South America, Europe, and North Africa, where he visited the newly discovered tomb of King Tutankhamun . Boyce learned about Scouting while passing through London during his first expedition to Africa in 1909. According to somewhat fictionalized legend, Boyce had become lost in the dense London fog, but was guided back to his destination by a young boy , who told him that he
9213-473: The outdoors as a resource, but could not find a way to channel his charitable ideas and dreams until a fateful stop to England while en route to what became the failed photographic expedition to Africa. Events in London on the way to and from this expedition would lead to the founding of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), one of many civic and professional organizations formed during the Progressive Era to fill
9324-551: The second episode, Garrett was incorrectly portrayed as being a participant in the first Olympic Marathon . William D. Boyce William Dickson Boyce (June 16, 1858 – June 11, 1929) was an American newspaper man, entrepreneur, magazine publisher, and explorer. He was the founder of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) and the short-lived Lone Scouts of America (LSA). Born in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania , he acquired
9435-472: The standard Cub Scouting and Boy Scouting programs and activities, but are not part of a pack or troop on a regular basis because of factors such as distance, weather, time, disability or other difficulties. Benjamin Boyce died in 1928 of a heart embolism . His father did not arrive home until after his son's death. Boyce was so saddened over his son's death that his own health suffered. One of Boyce's last efforts
9546-519: The summer of 2006, composed primarily of Scouts-in-Exile from Canada and the United States . It was held at Baltimore Area Council's camp at Broad Creek Scout Reservation in an area known as Camp Spencer. Robert Garrett Robert S. Garrett (May 24, 1875 – April 25, 1961) was an American athlete , as well as investment banker and philanthropist in Baltimore, Maryland and financier of several important archeological excavations. Garrett
9657-518: The superior skill and daring of the Americans, to whom they ascribed a supernatural invincibility enabling them to dispense with training and to win at games which they had never before seen." According to James Connolly , the winning Americans in five of the track and field events had not had a single day of outdoor practice since the previous fall. Garrett also won the shot put with a distance of 11.22 metres (36 ft 10 in) and finished second in
9768-450: The time. By 1892, the Saturday Blade had the largest circulation of any weekly newspaper in the United States. Boyce's detailed reports of his foreign travels provided articles for the "Saturday Blade" and were reprinted in books by atlas/map publisher Rand McNally . The success of the Saturday Blade spawned the W. D. Boyce Publishing Company, which Boyce used to buy or start several newspapers and magazines. In 1892, Boyce bought out
9879-505: The title Chief Totem . Youths could join the LSA simply by mailing in some coupons and five cents. By 1916, the BSA and the LSA were in direct competition for members. In the summer of 1917, during his annual Dakota hunt, the Gros Ventres Indian tribe made Boyce an honorary chief with the name "Big Cloud" during a three-day ceremony. With America at war, Boyce agreed to the creation of a Lone Scout uniform in late 1917. Though he had
9990-484: The void of citizens who had become distended from their rural roots. Many youth organizations such as the Woodcraft Indians and Sons of Daniel Boone formed in America in the early 1900s focusing on outdoor character-building activities. The writings and adventures of Theodore Roosevelt contributed to these movements, with their outdoor, nature, and pioneer themes. By the time of his 1922 expedition to Africa, Boyce
10101-552: Was "Rattlesnake Jane" because she matched his skill in poker, was an expert shot, and rode horses cross saddle. It had also become obvious that she was more masculine than Boyce himself, although he had never admitted this, it became clear out of his journal. They had one son and two daughters: Benjamin Stevens (1884–1928), Happy (1886–1976) and Sydney (1889–1950). Boyce's personal activities included hunting , yachting , Odd Fellows , Freemasonry , Shriners , golf , country clubs and
10212-667: Was 23,950 youth (boys and girls) and adults. Broad Creek Memorial Scout Reservation (commonly called "Broad Creek") consists of three major camps, Camps Saffran, Spencer, and Oest. Lake Straus was formed in 1948 when Susquehanna River tributary Broad Creek was dammed. Broad Creek campsites include cabins, adirondacks, tent sites, and outpost sites. Camp facilities include dining halls with kitchens, climbing tower, boat docks/ramps (kayaks, canoes, SUP, motor boats), archery and BB/rifle ranges, open fields, wooded areas, water access, and more. Del-Mar-Va Council serves Scouts in Delaware and
10323-718: Was a member of their national convention - the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States , and was recognized in 1948 as the year's outstanding layperson in the field of religious education by the International Council of Religious Education . In the realm of civil rights for African-Americans, Garrett was a staunch conservative and opposed any racial integration of the city's public facilities in its parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, tennis courts and recreation centers. Controversies increased as
10434-592: Was also largely responsible for bringing the new Boy Scouts of America youth organization to Baltimore in 1910, shortly after its national establishment and imported from Great Britain with founder. He managed the BSA in Baltimore until his retirement in 1934. In 1919, Garrett gave to the City of Baltimore a tract of land of a city block along East Patapsco Avenue, between Second and Third Streets in its recently annexed Brooklyn neighborhood in South Baltimore to be used as
10545-600: Was composed of Robert Garrett, William H. Morris, James Carey, Jr., Frank Smith and Stuart S. Janney. The first Scout headquarters was at 512 Continental Trust Building (now One Calvert Plaza .) Almost immediately, the council was referred to as the “Baltimore Council.” From 1911 through 1921, the Baltimore Council operated as a department of the Baltimore Social Service Corporation, sharing a finance director, advisory board and other office support with
10656-553: Was conducted on February 8, 2009, on the occasion of the 99th Anniversary of the incorporation of the Boy Scouts of America in Washington, D.C., by William D. Boyce , a Chicago publisher. Representatives of Scout Units, Districts, the Council and the public were on hand to commemorate the adoption at the Shapiro Scout Service Center. This was done in anticipation of the bicentennial commemoration at Fort McHenry in 2014 of
10767-502: Was for many years an enthusiastic alumnus and served as trustee of Princeton University and also on the governing board of the Baltimore Museum of Art , founded in 1914 by his aunt Mary Elizabeth Garrett, (1857-1915) , and working in the relocation and construction project of their new museum building designed by famous American architect John Russell Pope (1874-1937), on Art Museum Drive, off of North Charles Street , and adjacent to
10878-599: Was founded in 1917 and closed in 1921. The Frederick Council (#222) was founded in 1917 and changed its name in 1921 to the Frederick County Council (#732) in 1926. In 1928 it changed its name again to the Francis Scott Key Council (#732) and finally merged with the Washington DC Council (#732) in 1930. The Washington DC Council (#082) was founded in 1913 and changed its name in 1937 to
10989-405: Was impossible to throw any distance, so he gave up on the idea. Garrett paid for his own and three classmates' travel to Athens to compete in the games. Francis Lane would finish third in 100 m , Herbert Jamison finished second in 400 m , and Albert Tyler placed second in pole vault . When Garrett discovered that a real discus weighed less than five pounds (2.3 kg), he decided to enter
11100-454: Was in Nairobi by September. After hiring local porters and guides, the entire expedition totaled about 400 people, about three-fourths of whom were servants. It required 15 train cars to move the people and equipment to the area the expedition was going to explore near Kijabi and Lake Victoria . The expedition was a failure because a telephoto lens was neither brought nor subsequently procured,
11211-661: Was involved with the Committee for the Excavation of Antioch and Its Vicinity both helping to fund the excavations and working on them. Garrett's hobby was collecting medieval and Renaissance manuscripts . Garrett amassed a collection of historical volumes of Western and non-Western manuscripts, fragments, and scrolls, originating from Europe, the Near East, Africa, Asia and Mesoamerica, ca. 1340 B.C. – A.D. 1900s. He inherited his collecting interest from his father, Thomas Harrison Garrett. After his father's sudden death in 1888, Robert spent
11322-500: Was merely doing his duty as a Boy Scout . Boyce then read printed material on Scouting, and on his return to the United States, he formed the B.S.A. From its start, Boyce focused the Scouting program on teaching self-reliance, citizenship, resourcefulness, patriotism, obedience, cheerfulness, courage, and courtesy in order "to make men". After clashing over the Scouting program with the first Chief Scout Executive James E. West , he left
11433-598: Was often strained by Boyce's high expectations and Ben's carelessness with his funds in activities such as betting on horse races. During June–August 1906, the government proposed quadrupling the postage rate for second-class mail, which included newspapers, from one cent to four cents per pound. In response, Boyce proposed buying the Post Office Department for $ 300 million (USD), claiming that he would reduce postal rates by half, eliminate chronic deficits by applying business methods to postal operations, establish
11544-473: Was on a Sunday, his religious day of rest. However, his qualifying mark was good enough to place Garrett in third place. He also competed in the discus throw again, but due to a poorly planned course was unable to set a legal mark as all of his discus throws hit trees. Garrett was also a member of the Tug-of-War team at the 1900 Olympics that was forced to withdraw because three of the six members were engaged in
11655-499: Was primarily a shot-putter, though he also competed in the jumping events . When he decided to compete in the famous first modern Olympic games (First Olympiad) being revived and held in Athens , Greece , in 1896, Professor William Milligan Sloane suggested that Garrett also try the discus. They consulted classical authorities to develop a drawing and Garrett hired a blacksmith to make a discus. It weighed nearly 30 pounds (14 kg) and
11766-522: Was reported on the front page of the Chicago Tribune because of the prominence he had attained by that time. The divorce was finalized in a Campbell County, South Dakota court in September 1908; his wife's property settlement was close to $ 1 million (USD). After the divorce was finalized, Boyce courted Virginia Dorcas Lee, a vocalist from Oak Park, Illinois , who was 23 years his junior and
11877-470: Was so well respected in Scouting that French Boy Scouts in Algeria saluted him and offered to escort him along a trail when they found out he was the founder of BSA and LSA in America. According to legend, Boyce was lost on a foggy street in London in 1909 when an unknown Scout came to his aid, guiding him back to his destination. The boy then refused Boyce's tip, explaining that he was merely doing his duty as
11988-434: Was speculation amongst family members and in newspapers about problems within the marriage. On April 9, 1911, Boyce and Virginia had a daughter, whom they named Virginia. A few months later, in December 1911, Boyce signed an agreement to support and educate their infant daughter. After Boyce's wife filed for divorce in March 1912, she moved to Santa Barbara, California , with their daughter and her parents. Boyce did not contest
12099-442: Was the combined predecessor to the roles of Council Commissioner and Council Scout Executive.) A month prior, Robert Garrett and Laurance Eddy ensured that a patrol of eight Scouts from Mount Washington Troop 1 (organized earlier that summer) attended the first National Boy Scout camp held at Silver Bay on Lake George. The Maryland Council of Boy Scouts of America was duly incorporated on May 9, 1911. The initial board of directors
12210-577: Was the first modern Olympic champion in discus throw as well as shot put . Robert S. Garrett was born in then rural/suburban Baltimore County , Maryland (which surrounds the City of Baltimore ) into one of Maryland's most prominent and wealthy families. For four generations, the Garretts ran Robert Garrett and Sons, a shipping and financing, investment banking firm founded by his Irish immigrant great-grandfather, also named Robert Garrett, in 1819. His grandfather John Work Garrett (1820–1884) had led
12321-580: Was to publish his son's letters from his South Seas expeditions: Dear Dad Letters from New Guinea . Boyce died from bronchial pneumonia on June 11, 1929, in Chicago and was buried in his adopted hometown of Ottawa, Illinois, on June 13, 1929, in the Ottawa Avenue Cemetery , with West delivering the eulogy. Boy Scouts maintained an honor guard with an American flag in a heavy rainstorm in two-hour shifts at his Ottawa home and 32 Boy Scouts were chosen as honorary pallbearers. BSA officials sent his widow
#598401