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33-502: The Rio Balsemão ( European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʁi.u βalsɨˈmɐ̃w] ) or Balsemão River is a small stream that originates in the mountain range of Serra de Montemuro . It passes through narrow canyons before it reaches the major city Lamego . Part of the Douro basin, its entire path is made in the old district of Viseu . Born near Rossão, Gosende, in the municipality of Castro Daire , it still draws, for short while,

66-517: A Visigothic chapel believed to be the oldest in Portugal (and second oldest in Europe). The region alternated between Christian and Muslim hands during the early Reconquista Period. The city was first conquered by Alfonso I of Asturias in 741, and repopulated in 868 by Alfonso III . It fell into Islamic hands briefly again during the late 10th century, until Ferdinand I of León and Castile conquered

99-606: A homily upon the "triumph of the Church upon the conversion of the Goths". The text of the homily survives. Leander and the Roman bishops immediately instituted the program of forced conversion of Jews and extirpation of the remains of Arianism as heresy . Catholic history traditionally imputes these persecutions to the Visigothic kings. When, after Reccared's reign, at a synod held at Toledo in 633,

132-510: A second Arius . Among the secular leaders of the Septimanian insurrection, the counts Granista and Wildigern appealed to Guntram of Burgundy, who saw his opportunity and sent his dux Desiderius . Reccared's army defeated the Arian insurgents and their Catholic allies with great slaughter, Desiderius himself being slain. The next conspiracy broke out in the west, Lusitania , headed by Sunna ,

165-592: A vigorous policy against the Jews, pursuing zealous and fanatical policies limiting Jewish freedoms as promulgated in the canons of synods. Modern historians have revised this view and see a continuation of traditional Visigothic tolerance. Pope Gregory I was convinced that Reccared refused bribes from the Jewish community, which was large, well-connected throughout the Mediterranean and powerful, and Reccared's laws provided that

198-402: Is based in the city center. The toponymic name Lamego was derived from Lamaecus , a Hispano-Celtic and Roman derivative referring to owners of agrarian titles in the 3rd century around the local castle. The area around Lamego was inhabited by Ligures and Turduli , and during the Roman presence it was occupied by Coelerni , which left behind several monuments. Due to the placement of

231-554: The Visigothic king Rekared I converted to Catholicism. In 569, during the Council of Lugo, there appeared references to Sardinário the Bishop of Lamego . During the reign of Sisebuto (612-621), the Visigothic monarch coined currency from Lamego, indicating the importance of the region to commerce and culture. Just outside the city center is the tiny 7th century São Pedro de Balsemão Chapel,

264-517: The 16th century, Manuel de Noronha (one of the more notable prelates of Lamego) was appointed the Bishop of Lamego, occupying the role for the next 18 years and referred to the "great builder" , responsible for the cult of Nossa Senhora dos Remédios ( Our Lady of Remedies ). In the 17th and 18th century, the solares ( country estates ) were slowly constructed in Lamego, resulting from the wine commerce down

297-429: The Arian bishop of Mérida , and count Seggo . Claudius , Reccared's dux Lusitaniae , put down the rising, Sunna being banished to Mauritania and Seggo retiring to Gallaecia . In the later part of 588 a third conspiracy was headed by the Arian bishop Uldila and the queen dowager Goiswintha , but they were detected, and the bishop was banished. The Third Council of Toledo , organized by St. Leander but convened in

330-662: The Douro River near Peso da Régua . This river has a "Friends of the Balsemão River Association" (Associação de Amigos do Rio Balsemão - ASAMIRB). Chapel of São Pedro de Balsemão Lamego Lamego ( European Portuguese: [lɐˈmeɣu] ; Proto-Celtic : * Lamecum ) is a city and municipality in the Viseu District , in the Norte Region of the Douro in northern Portugal . Located on

363-685: The Douro. The economic growth of viticulture along the Douro resulted in the issuance of a writ by Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal , to designate the area as the Região Demarcada do Douro and the establishment of the Companhia Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro ( General Company of the Wine Agriculture of the Upper Douro ). In 1835, Lamego was the capital of

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396-581: The bishops took upon themselves the nobles' right to select a king from among the royal family, the transfer of power was complete. By this time the remaining ethnic distinction between the increasingly Romanized Visigoths and their Hispano-Roman subjects had all but disappeared (the Gothic language lost its last and probably already declining function as a church language with the extirpation of Arianism, and dress and funerary customs also cease to be distinguishing features in ca. 570/580) Reportedly Reccared engaged in

429-503: The branch number 63 of Sporting Clube de Portugal (Sporting CP), is the major sports club in Lamego. Rekared I Reccared I (or Recared ; Latin : Flavius Reccaredus ; Spanish : Flavio Recaredo ; c. 559 – December 601; reigned 586–601) was the king of the Visigoths , ruling in Hispania , Gallaecia and Septimania . His reign marked a climactic shift in history, with

462-741: The canons of five synods during Reccared's reign, E. A. Thompson could find none disadvantaging the Jewish community. The information for the rest of Reccared's reign is scanty. John of Biclaro , Reccared's contemporary, ends his account with the Third Council of Toledo. Isidore of Seville , bishop Leander's brother, praises his peaceful government, clemency, and generosity: standard encomia. He returned various properties, even some private ones, that had been confiscated by his father, and founded many churches and monasteries. Pope Gregory, writing to Reccared in August 599 ( Epp . ix. 61, 122), extols him for embracing

495-584: The castle, it is likely that a castro originally existed on the site. During the Inquirições ( Inventory/Enquiries ) of King Afonso (during the 13th century) there was reference to the Castro de Lameco, referred to as a medieval fortification. Destroyed by the Romans, the inhabitants were forced to descend into the valley and cultivate the land, as part of the Roman reorganization of the land. Lamego became Catholic when

528-408: The city may happen usually no more than once or twice per year, the surrounding mountains often experience significantly more. Administratively, the municipality is divided into 18 civil parishes ( freguesias ): The principal activities in this region are tied to the service sector, with commerce and agriculture also representing an important part of the economy. In particular viticulture , since

561-529: The district, but lost this title to Viseu (December 1835), under the authority of the King's Minister Luís Mouzinho de Albuquerque . In 1919, in an attempt to restore the monarchy, Lamego became the capital of the district for 24 days. During the second half of the 19th century, during the presidency of the Viscount of Guedes Teixeira, Lamego begins a process of modernization with the construction of new avenues. After

594-477: The ecclesiastical parishes of Sé and Castelo . In 1290, King Denis provided a market charter to the city, attracting merchants from Castile and Granada with their oriental spices and textiles. Lamego had a privileged positioned on the routes from western Iberia, as a transit point within the settlements of the Além-Douro, Braga and Guimarães , from Alcântara and Mérida to Córdoba and Seville . It

627-449: The elder son and heir of Leovigild, Hermenegild , to Chalcedonianism. Leander supported his rebellion and was exiled for his role. When King Leovigild died, within a few weeks of April 21, 586, bishop Leander was swift to return to Toledo. The new king had been associated with his father in ruling the kingdom and was acclaimed king by the Visigothic nobles without opposition. In January 587, Reccared renounced Arianism for Chalcedonianism,

660-628: The establishment of the First Republic , during the presidency of Alfredo de Sousa, Lamego undergoes a new phase of building, including the construction a bridge over the Coura River. Lamego has a Mediterranean climate with some continental influence; with warm, dry summers and cool, wet winters. The nearest weather station is located in Bigorne, almost 400 m (1,300 ft) higher in altitude, and having cooler temperatures as such. While snowfalls in

693-472: The frontier with neighbors Resende and Lamego before heading on through this last municipality, towards the Douro Valley . The Balsemão River has a dam near Pretarouca , Lamego. Nearby Magueija , in a small canyon of Balsemão was detected an extremely localized forest dominated by Elm ( Ulmus glabra ) and Narrow-leafed Ash ( Fraxinus angustifolia ). Along with watermills , its possible to find in

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726-484: The industrial zone in the parish of Várzea de Abrunhais. Lamego textiles are also promoted but tend to be small-scale production runs, with few medium- to large-companies involved in mass-production. The tourist sector is primarily associated with the monuments and religious buildings, and has been a growing part of the local economy. The extension of the A24 motorway has been important in attracting more visitors and businesses to

759-460: The king's name in May 589, set the tone for the new Catholic kingdom. The public confession of the king, read aloud by a notary, reveals by the emphatic clarity of its theological points and its quotations of scripture that it was ghost-written for the king. Bishop Leander also delivered the triumphant closing sermon, which his brother Isidore entitled Homilia de triumpho ecclesiae ob conversionem Gothorum

792-461: The king's renunciation of Arianism in favour of Roman Christianity in 587. Reccared was the younger son of King Leovigild by his first wife. Like his father, Reccared had his capital at Toledo . The Visigothic kings and nobles were traditionally Arian Christians , while the Hispano-Roman population were Chalcedonian Christians . The bishop Leander of Seville was instrumental in converting

825-640: The margins of the Balsemão River the so-called “leiras” (narrow green stretches of cultivated land). Near the end of its course, on the right bank, it's possible to find the Chapel of São Pedro de Balsemão , a former Visigothic sanctuary dating back to the 7th century and now a National monument . Eventually it ends in a storage reservoir made by the Varosa Dam in the Varosa River . The Varosa, in turn, will meet

858-490: The municipality (and other municipalities in the region) have been designated as part of the Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC), a control used to classify wine products as a locally produced product of origin, for national and international marketing. Lamego has a large shopping centre, with approximately 30 main shops, three malls of medium-size and several small traditional shops. Industrial activities are concentrated in

891-496: The offspring of a Christian and a Jew be baptised, which was of little moment to the Jewish community, as whether it was not born of a Jewish mother or was born of a Jewish woman outside her community, the child was not considered a Jew anyway. Reccared eliminated the death penalty for Jews convicted of proselytising among Christians and ignored Gregory's request that the trade in Christian slaves at Narbonne be forbidden to Jews. Among

924-607: The region definitively on 29 November 1057. As a consequence the bishopric was moved after these events (to later be restored in 1071). In 1128, the nascent national Egas Moniz, had his tenancy in Lamego while his residence was in Britiande , as master of the Riba–Douro, between Paiva and Távora (in addition to the lands of Côa). The most significant moment in the town's history was in 1139, when nobles declared Afonso Henriques to be Portugal's first king. The town's Gothic cathedral

957-594: The region. Lamego is considered one of the principal cities of the Portuguese Baroque , for its numerous churches, palaces, and civic buildings. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego and has a cathedral. The following cultural institutions are based in Lamego: The film Abraham's Valley (1993) is set in and around Lamego. Sporting Clube de Lamego , founded on 4 June 1934 as

990-557: The shores of the Balsemão River , the municipality has a population of 26,691, in an area of 165.42 km . With origins before the Roman occupation of the Iberian Peninsula , Lamego is known for its historic city center, having a long history as a principal city of the former Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Province . Legend holds that the first Portuguese Cortes were held in Lamego, in 1143. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Lamego

1023-515: The single great event of his reign and the turning point for Visigothic Hispania. Most Arian nobles and ecclesiastics followed his example, certainly those around him at Toledo, but there were Arian uprisings, notably in Septimania, his northernmost province, beyond the Pyrenees , where the leader of opposition was the Arian bishop Athaloc , who had the reputation among his Roman enemies of being virtually

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1056-589: Was also one of the preferred routes on the Saint James Way pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela . But, two events changed the economic and social circumstances in the region: the conquest of Granada which drove the last of the Moors from the Peninsula; and the discovery of the maritime connection to India, which resulted in a slow decline for the region. Manuel I of Portugal issued a foral ( charter ) in 1514. Also in

1089-460: Was built by him, although only the Romanesque tower is left from the original building, with its carved Renaissance portal and fine cloister dating from the 16th and 18th centuries. The 12th-century castle preserves a fine keep and a very old and unusual cistern with monograms of master masons. King Sancho I issued a charter of independence in 1191, as the local community grew around two poles:

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