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34-631: The Bakony is divided into the Northern and Southern Bakony through the Várpalota - Veszprém - Ajka - Devecser line. (706 m) high Kőris-hegy in the Northern Bakony is the highest peak of the range. Other high mountains are Som-hegy (649 m), Középső-Hajag (646 m), Öreg-Futóné (576 m) in the Northern Bakony, and Kab-hegy (599 m), Üsti-hegy (536 m) and Agár-tető (511 m) in Southern Bakony. Zirc

68-455: A castle already stood here when the Hungarians first occupied the area. The castle was probably a 9th-century Frankish fortress. The castles of Veszprém, Esztergom and Székesfehérvár , were the earliest Hungarian stone castles, which had already been built during the reign of High Prince Géza , a time when motte castles were much more common. Veszprém had an important religious role during

102-537: A historical German minority numbering 2.4% of the population. The second largest ethnic group is the Roma with 0.7%. The others are all marginal. The religious affiliation of the citizens has a Catholic majority with 38.9% Roman Catholic and 0.3% Greek Catholic . The Calvinists (7.0%) have the second, the Lutherans (2.1%) the third largest denomination in the city. 20.6% are not religious. The current mayor of Veszprém

136-648: A university —students studied law and arts here for several centuries. The university was destroyed by fire in 1276, when Peter I Csák invaded and devastated the Diocese of Veszprém . Veszprém became a university town again in the 20th century. The town was taken over by the Ottoman Turks during the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars in 1552, but was lost to the Habsburgs in 1566. The Ottomans once again successfully besieged

170-409: Is Gyula Porga ( Fidesz-KDNP ). The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2019 local government elections , is made up of 18 members (1 Mayor, 12 Individual constituencies MEPs and 5 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances: The city's public transportation consists exclusively of buses, which are run by the city-funded company V-Busz. 30 bus lines run throughout

204-691: Is often called the Capital of the Bakony because it is located in the center of the Northern Bakony. The Bakony Museum is located there and introduces visitors to the animals, plants and minerals of the Bakony. 47°15′N 17°50′E  /  47.250°N 17.833°E  / 47.250; 17.833 This Hungarian geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Veszpr%C3%A9m Veszprém ( Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈvɛspreːm] ; German : Weißbrünn , Czech : Bezpřím , Slovak : Bezprím , Slovene : Belomost )

238-768: Is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary , and a city with county rights. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of the Lake Balaton . It is the administrative center of the county of the same name. The city's name derives from the West Slavic-language personal name Bezprem or Bezprym ( Proto-Slavic Bezprěmъ ) which translates literally to "stubborn", "self-confident, not willing to retreat". Besprem (before 1002), Vezprem (1086), Bezpremensis (1109). The form Vezprem originates in early medieval scribal habits and frequent exchange of B and V under

272-644: The Habsburg monarchy . In 1696, after dethroning Prince Michael II Apafi , Leopold I took the title " Prince of Transylvania " . In 1765, Maria Theresa elevated Transylvania to the status of Grand Principality . The " Count of the Székelys " was originally a dignitary of the Kingdom of Hungary, but the title was later used by the Princes of Transylvania. The title was revived during the reign of Maria Theresa who adopted it at

306-690: The American power supply security company CoreComm , the German sensor manufacturer Balluff , the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Jost , the German health devices manufacturer Beurer , the British-Dutch food producer Unilever and the Hungarian dairy product manufacturer Pannontej operate production plants in the city. The Dutch General Logistics Systems , the Hungarian Magyar Posta ,

340-702: The Archbishop of Esztergom. Then the King's coronation was considered absolutely legitimate. On the other hand, in 1439, the dowager queen Elizabeth of Luxemburg ordered one of her handmaidens to steal the Holy Crown from the palace of Visegrád, and then promoted the coronation of her newborn son Ladislaus V , which was carried out legitimately in Székesfehérvár by the Archbishop of Esztergom. A similar situation occurred with Matthias Corvinus , when he negotiated for return of

374-511: The Austrian tile manufacturer Bramac , the French automotive spare parts manufacturer Valeo , the German electromagnetical controlsystems manufacturer nass magnet , the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Continental AG , the German automotive spare parts manufacturer Thun , the German sensor manufacturer Pepperl+Fuchs , the Austrian chimney and ventilation system manufacturer Schiedel ,

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408-637: The German Penny Market , the Hungarian Locargo and the Austrian Persped have logistics centres there. The Hungarian owned Vöröskő electrical retailer (holder of the brand Euronics in Hungary) is also based in the city. The Veszprém Aréna provides place besides sport events for exhibitions and conferences. According to the 2011 census beside the 83.9% Hungarian majority the city has

442-453: The Holy Crown, which was in the possession of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor . After it was returned, Matthias was legitimately crowned. As in all the traditional monarchies, the heir descended through the male line from a previous King of Hungary. In accordance with Hungarian tradition, this right usually passed to younger brothers, before passing to the son of the previous King, which caused family disputes on many occasions. The founder of

476-428: The Hungarian label manufacturer Imprenta , the Hungarian tool manufacturer Solidsteel , the Hungarian technical ceramics manufacturer Bakony Ipari Kerámia , the Hungarian furniture manufacturer Balaton Bútor , the Hungarian machine manufacturer Flexmont , the Hungarian watermanagement company PureAqua , the Hungarian automotive spare parts manufacturer Win-Pres , the Hungarian construction company VEMÉVSZER ,

510-688: The Hungarian metal manufacturer Ferro-Trio , the Hungarian OOK Printhouse , the Hungarian toolmanufacturer Plasticor , the Hungarian machine manufacturer Transmoduls , the Hungarian Prospektus Printhouse have both their headquarters and main production facilities in Veszprém. The French pharmaceutical company Citoxlab , the Austrian plaster manufacturer Lasselsberger-Knauf , the Swiss electric motor manufacturer Maxon Motor ,

544-573: The Székelys" . The title " Apostolic King " was confirmed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used thereafter by all the Kings of Hungary. The title of " King of Slavonia " referred to the territories between the Drava and the Sava Rivers. That title was first used by Ladislaus I . It was also Ladislaus I who adopted the title " King of Croatia " in 1091. Coloman added the phrase " King of Dalmatia " to

578-528: The city under colonel Constantin Neagu and major Alexander Totescu. During World War II , Veszprém was captured by Soviet troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front on 23 March 1945, in the course of the Vienna Offensive . The Hungarian automotive plastic spare parts manufacturer Videoton Plastic (part of Videoton ), the Hungarian kiosk manufacturer Kiosksystems , the Hungarian shutter manufacturer Roll-Lux ,

612-454: The city, including lines 44 and 45 which are night buses. All buses are easily recognizable even from a distance due to their purple livery. Tickets can be purchased on the buses, from ticket machines across the city and at bus stations from the ticket desks. V-Busz took over the city's public transportation in 2018 from the regional, state-funded bus company (ÉNYKK) due to a lack of funding and an old rolling stock of buses, some of which were from

646-424: The death of Mary , the granddaughter of Charles I, in 1395, the direct line was interrupted again, and Mary's husband Sigismund continued reigning, after being elected by the nobility of the Kingdom in the name of the Holy Crown. Later, Matthias Corvinus was elected by the nobles of the Kingdom, being the first Hungarian monarch who descended from an aristocratic family, and not from a royal family that inherited

680-518: The first Hungarian royal house was Árpád , who led his people into the Carpathian Basin in 895. His descendants, who ruled for more than 400 years, included Saint Stephen I , Saint Ladislaus I , Andrew II , and Béla IV . In 1301 the last member of the House of Árpád died, and Charles I was crowned, claiming the throne in the name of his paternal grandmother Mary , the daughter of Stephen V . With

714-636: The influence of the Greek language . The city can be reached via the M7 highway and Road 8. It can also be reached from Győr via Road 82 and from Székesfehérvár via Road 8. According to a local legend , Veszprém was founded on seven hills. The seven hills are Várhegy (Castle Hill), Benedek-hegy (St. Benedict Hill), Jeruzsálem-hegy (Jerusalem Hill), Temetőhegy (Cemetery Hill), Gulyadomb (Herd Hill), Kálvária-domb (Calvary Hill), and Cserhát. Anonymus Belæ Regis Notarius (the anonymous notary of King Béla III ) wrote that

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748-409: The legitimate King of Hungary without fulfilling the following criteria: This meant a certain level of protection to the integrity of the Kingdom. For example, stealing the Holy Crown of Hungary was no longer enough to become legitimate King. The first requirement (coronation by the Archbishop of Esztergom) was confirmed by Béla III , who had been crowned by Archbishop Berthold of Kalocsa , based on

782-462: The mid 80s. Veszprém is twinned with: King of Hungary The King of Hungary ( Hungarian : magyar király ) was the ruling head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 (or 1001) to 1918. The style of title " Apostolic King of Hungary " ( apostoli magyar király ) was endorsed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all monarchs of Hungary. Before 1000 AD, Hungary

816-414: The royal style in 1105. The title " King of Rama " , referring to the claim to Bosnia , was first used by Béla II in 1136. It was Emeric who adopted the title " King of Serbia " . The phrase "King of Galicia" was used to indicate the supremacy over Halych , while the title "King of Lodomeria" referred to Volhynia ; both titles were adopted by Andrew II in 1205. In 1233, Béla IV began to use

850-406: The special authorisation of Pope Alexander III . After his coronation he declared that this coronation would not affect the customary claim of the Archbishop of Esztergom to crown the king. In 1211, Pope Innocent III refused to confirm the agreement of Archbishop John of Esztergom and Archbishop Berthold of Kalocsa on the transfer of the claim, and he declared that only the Archbishop of Esztergom

884-487: The struggle to make Christianity the official religion of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary — Stephen I , Grand Prince of the Hungarians , was crowned King in 1000 or 1001, and defeated the armies of his chief opponent, Koppány , near Veszprém. The city became the first episcopal seat of Hungary in 1009 and an archiepiscopal seat in 1993. Comitatus Veszprém was one of the earliest historical counties of Hungary. Veszprém

918-521: The title "King of Cumania" which expressed the rule over the territories settled by the Cumans (i.e., Wallachia and Moldavia ) at that time. The phrase " King of Bulgaria " was added to the royal style by Stephen V . Transylvania was originally a part of the Kingdom of Hungary ruled by a voivode , but after 1526 became a semi-independent principality vassal to the Ottoman Empire , and later to

952-427: The title "King". However, not all rulers of Hungary were kings—for example, Stephen Bocskai and Francis II Rákóczi were proclaimed rulers as "High Princes of Hungary", and there were also three Governors of Hungary who were sometimes styled "regents", János Hunyadi , Lajos Kossuth and Miklós Horthy . From the 13th century on, a process was established to confirm the legitimacy of the King. No person could become

986-416: The title. The same happened decades later with John Zápolya , who was elected in 1526 after the death of Louis II in the battle of Mohács . After this, the House of Habsburg inherited the throne, and ruled Hungary from Austria for almost 400 years until 1918. Admiral Horthy was appointed regent in 1920, but Charles IV of Hungary's attempts to retake the throne were unsuccessful. The monarchy of Hungary

1020-662: The town in 1593 during the Long Turkish War . The castle was demolished in 1706. Until 1918, VESZPRIM (also named WESZPRIM and WESPRIM near 1850, and WEISSBRUNN in German) was part of the Austrian monarchy /Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of Hungary; in Transleithania after the compromise of 1867 in the Kingdom of Hungary . Between 16 August and 4 October 1919, Romanian troops occupied

1054-660: Was entitled to crown the King of Hungary. King Charles I of Hungary was crowned in May 1301 with a provisional crown in Esztergom by the Archbishop of that city; this led to his second coronation in June 1309. At that time the Holy Crown was not used, and he was crowned in Buda by the Archbishop of Esztergom. However, his final third coronation was in 1310, in Székesfehérvár , with the Holy Crown and by

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1088-620: Was formally abolished on 1 February 1946 on the establishment of the Second Hungarian Republic . Over the centuries, the Kings of Hungary acquired or claimed the crowns of several neighboring countries, and they began to use the royal titles connected to those countries. By the time of the last kings, their precise style was: "By the Grace of God, Apostolic King of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania and Bulgaria, Grand Prince of Transylvania, Count of

1122-465: Was not yet recognized as a kingdom by the Pope and the ruler of Hungary was styled Grand Prince of the Hungarians . The first King of Hungary, Stephen I. was crowned on 25 December 1000 (or 1 January 1001) with the crown Pope Sylvester II had sent him and with the consent of Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor . Following King Stephen I 's coronation, all the monarchs of Hungary and the Árpád dynasty used

1156-484: Was the favorite city of Queen Gisela , the wife of Stephen I. For centuries, the queens of Hungary were crowned by the bishop of Veszprém . The city is still often called "the city of queens". In the year 1294 Queen Fenenna confirmed that, at that time, the former Queen Elizabeth had the privilege to collect the donations of the church in the Veszprém County . Veszprém was among the first Hungarian cities to have

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