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35-661: Lords Kenneth Baker and Ronald Dearing conceptualised the UTC in 2009 and established the trust in the same year. Baker had previously served as Secretary of State for Education from 1986 to 1989, during which time he introduced the National Curriculum and City Technology College through the Education Reform Act 1988 . Dearing died in February 2009 but he and Baker's ideas were approved by education minister Andrew Adonis of

70-619: A MSc degree in International Law and Regulations. He did National Service in the Royal Artillery , reaching the rank of lieutenant , and worked for Royal Dutch Shell before being elected as a Member of Parliament at a by-election in March 1968. Having unsuccessfully contested Poplar in 1964 and Acton in 1966 , Baker was first elected to Parliament when he won Acton at a March 1968 by-election , gaining it from Labour following

105-618: A civil servant, Baker was born in Newport , Monmouthshire . He was educated at Hampton Grammar School between 1946 and 1948, a boys' voluntary aided school in West London (now Hampton School, an independent school ). He then went on to study at St Paul's School , and at Magdalen College, Oxford , where he graduated in 1958 with a BA Degree in History. Whilst at Oxford, Baker served as Secretary of The Oxford Union . Four years later he graduated with

140-592: A partnership with the department which is reviewed per annum. Baker has used this to promote the programme and influence the government's education policy, introducing the Baker Clause to the Technical and Further Education Act 2017 . This clause requires schools to provide all pupils in years Year 8 to Year 13 access to a non-academic careers adviser. These advisers are expected to discuss UTCs with pupils, promoting them whilst doing so. Many schools have failed to follow

175-510: A procession of boys walking from the school to St Mary's Church for a service including the school choir singing and readings. Although the school was founded in 1557, there was provision in Hammond's will that the school would only continue as long as the vicar, churchwardens and parishioners carried out his requests. If not, then the properties would revert to his heirs. It seems that the school did not survive beyond 1568, or possibly earlier, and

210-579: Is a British politician, Conservative Member of Parliament from 1968 to 1997, and a cabinet minister, including holding the offices of Home Secretary , Education Secretary and Conservative Party Chairman . He is a life member of the Tory Reform Group . Baker stood down from the House of Commons at the 1997 election and was created a life peer as Baron Baker of Dorking, joining the House of Lords . The son of

245-502: Is a fee-charging, boys-only private day school in Hampton, London , England. As of the 2024-2025 academic year, the school charges a minimum of £26,040 per year for attendance. Until 1975, the school was a voluntary aided grammar school , with no fees. The school admits pupils aged between eleven and eighteen. In 2021, 92% of the school's pupils achieved A* or A at A-Level. The school features 40th in one ranking of fee-paying schools in

280-568: The COVID-19 pandemic , Baker believed there to be increasing opposition to their return and considered it a "great opportunity" to abolish them. Baker also criticised government plans to replace Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC) qualifications with T-Levels as "vandalism", instead preferring to maintain the status quo where both BTECs and T-Levels are available to students. In September 2019, Baker criticised attempts by Prime Minister Boris Johnson to deselect rebel Conservative MPs at

315-508: The Dangerous Dogs Act . After his term of office, Baker was found ( M v Home Office 1994) to have been in contempt of court for having deported a man back to Zaire in 1991, in breach of an interim injunction and while proceedings were pending. "It would be a black day for the rule of law and the liberty of the subject", the Court of Appeal ruled, "if ministers were not accountable to

350-512: The Labour Party and the incoming Conservative-Lib Dem coalition . The first UTC opened in 2010 and further expansion soon followed. Since then, the trust has been tasked by the Department for Education to oversee the UTC programme. It aids UTCs in deciding their curricular provision and technical qualifications (of which they specialise ) and also helps open more UTCs. This is provided through

385-649: The Privy Council in the 1984 New Year Honours , he entered the Cabinet as Secretary of State for the Environment in 1985. Baker served as Secretary of State for Education from 1986 to 1989. His most noted action in his time at the Department of Education was the introduction of the controversial " National Curriculum " through the 1988 Education Act. He also introduced in-service training days for teachers, which became popularly known as "Baker days". At this time Baker

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420-595: The board of trustees having included Labour's Kumar Bhattacharyya and Andrew Adonis and educators such as Kevin Satchwell , Edwina Dunn and Mike Tomlinson . Other supporters include Conservative education secretary Gavin Williamson , astronaut Tim Peake , physicist Brian Cox , Rear Admiral John Clink and lords Peter Mandelson and David Puttnam . An eight-member independent policy group of MPs co-chaired by Kenneth Baker and Robert Halfon has been established to aid

455-568: The Loyal Address in the Queen's Speech debate on 6 May 1992, following the general election. He chose not to stand for re-election to the House of Commons in 1997, and on 16 June was created a life peer as Baron Baker of Dorking , of Iford in the County of East Sussex . Baker was interviewed in 2012 as part of The History of Parliament 's oral history project. Since 2019, Baker has campaigned for

490-568: The United Kingdom by A-Level results. It has a preparatory school attached to it, for girls aged 3–7 and boys aged 3–11. It is next to The Lady Eleanor Holles School for girls, with which it co-operates in a number of co-curricular activities and shares several classes, clubs, facilities (including a swimming pool) and a coach service. In 1557, Robert Hammond, a wealthy brewer who was the largest tax-payer in Hampton, left in his will property for

525-402: The abolition of General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examinations, which he introduced as Secretary of State for Education. Baker believes the certificate to be redundant as it fails in creating skills wanted by employers, is incompatible with the new age 18 school leaving age and causes poor mental health in the youth. When the annual GCSE examinations were cancelled twice during

560-414: The clause, resulting in threats of legal action from Baker. The trust has also attempted to introduce a technical baccalaureate with Andrew Adonis. From 2012 to 2019 the trust's chief executive was Charles Parker. Upon his resignation he was replaced by Simon Connell. Parker has remained in the trust as an adviser to its senior management . The trust has seen continued political and academic support, with

595-532: The courts for their personal actions." This was the first time the courts had reached such a finding against a minister for exercise of Prerogative Powers, something previously thought to be impossible. After the 1992 general election Baker left the government rather than accept demotion to the job of Welsh Secretary . He was appointed a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) on 13 April 1992. He proposed

630-553: The good results for Conservative "flagship" councils in Westminster and Wandsworth, i.e. supposedly demonstrating that the poll tax —a source of great unpopularity for the government—could be a vote-winner for Conservative councils who kept it low. He was still Party Chairman at the time Margaret Thatcher resigned in November 1990. After the change of regime, Baker was promoted to Home Secretary , dealing with prison riots and introducing

665-522: The late 1980s he had come to be portrayed by the satirical programme Spitting Image as a slimy slug. In the July 1989 reshuffle Baker was appointed Chairman of the Conservative Party , with the intention that he should organise a fourth consecutive General Election victory for Margaret Thatcher. He managed to steer the government through the otherwise disastrous local elections of May 1990 by stressing

700-457: The maintenance of a "free scole" and to build a small schoolhouse "with seates in yt" in the churchyard of St Mary's Church, Hampton . The endowment was the Bell Inn, some other houses, and one acre of land. Hammond also founded a school at Kingston-upon-Thames . To mark this early history, Founders' Day is celebrated by the school towards the end of each academic year. The occasion is marked by

735-650: The next general election. Baker was co-founder along with the late Ronald Dearing of the Baker Dearing Educational Trust , an educational trust set up to promote the establishment of University Technical Colleges in England as part of the free school programme . He is also Chair of the independent education charity Edge Foundation which campaigns for a coherent, unified and holistic education for all young people. Until 1995 Baker lived in Station Road in

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770-562: The parliamentary seat redistribution of the early 1980s, St Marylebone was abolished and Baker was defeated by Peter Brooke for the Conservative nomination at the nearby new safe seat of Cities of London & Westminster . However he successfully obtained nomination at Mole Valley , a safely-Conservative rural seat in Surrey , which he held until his retirement in 1997. He was succeeded there by Sir Paul Beresford . Baker's first government post

805-429: The properties reverted to the heirs. Subsequently, however, the school re-opened in 1612. This was as a result of a commission established to enquire into the fate of Tudor charities that had disappeared for various reasons. The "learned counsell on bothe sides" reached deadlock at the commissioners. However, in the spirit of compromise and through the generosity of the then legal owner of the properties, Nicholas Pigeon,

840-570: The school was re-endowed. The early school was on the site of St Mary's Church by the River Thames. It moved to a site on Upper Sunbury Road in 1880. The new school buildings cost £8,000 and were built in the Elizabethan Tudor style to accommodate 125 day boys and 25 boarders. The school moved to its present site on Hanworth Road in 1939. The new 28-acre site allowed for expansion and the potential to provide for 600–650 boys. The foundation stone

875-534: The suicide of Bernard Floud . However, at the 1970 general election he was defeated by Labour's Nigel Spearing . At an ensuing by-election, held on 22 October 1970 —caused by the elevation to the Lords (as a life peer) of Quintin Hogg , so that he could become Lord Chancellor after the surprise Conservative victory at the 1970 election—Baker was elected for the safe Conservative seat of St Marylebone in central London. In

910-543: The trust and enforce the Baker Clause. The trust conducts research into UTCs, often comparing them to mainstream schools. This research appears to typically favour UTCs and often clashes with the Department for Education's official data. BDT chair Kenneth Baker claims that this is because the official data is outdated by two years and disregards exam results from students taking a level 2 qualification or lower. Kenneth Baker, Baron Baker of Dorking Kenneth Wilfred Baker, Baron Baker of Dorking , (born 3 November 1934)

945-519: The village of Betchworth , 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Dorking . He now lives in the hamlet of Iford near Lewes , East Sussex . In 2005 he published a book on King George IV , George IV: A Life in Caricature , followed by King George III : A Life in Caricature in 2007 ( Thames & Hudson ). Other publications include several compilations of poetry, a history of political cartoons and his autobiography. In 2006 Lord Baker announced that he

980-438: Was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Education from Brunel University in 2016. Hampton Grammar School Re-founding 1612  ( 1612 ) First grammar school , 1697  ( 1697 ) (closed 1830) Second grammar school, 1834  ( 1834 ) As fee-paying grammar school 1868  ( 1868 ) (bankrupt 1909) Under government control 1910  ( 1910 ) As voluntary-aided 1955  ( 1955 ) Hampton School

1015-528: Was forced to remove Baker's incessantly ringing mobile phone, which continually interrupted the latter part of the live studio interview, during which he quipped that the PM was insistent in attempting to reach him. In 1994 Lord Baker was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from Richmond, The American International University in London . In 2013 he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Education from Plymouth University . He

1050-446: Was found guilty of 37 sexual offences relating to pupils at the school while working as a teacher between 2011 and 2018. He was sentenced to a 6-year jail term. He had posed as a 16-year-old girl on social media, asked for, and received naked photos from several boys over nine years. Cook was a rowing coach at the school. The school dismissed him following an internal investigation in 2018. In 2022, Christopher Arnold pleaded guilty and

1085-547: Was in the Heath ministry ; in 1972 he became Parliamentary Secretary at the Civil Service Department, and in 1974 Parliamentary Private Secretary to Edward Heath . Having become closely associated with Heath, he was overlooked for office when Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister in 1979, but in 1981 he was appointed Minister for Information Technology, in the then Department of Trade and Industry. Having been sworn of

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1120-425: Was interviewed about the rise of Thatcherism for the 2006 BBC TV documentary series Tory! Tory! Tory! . Baker was portrayed as a slug in the political satire television show Spitting Image . Baker was invited on the 31 January 2023 by BBC Newsnight to comment on the forthcoming, Teachers Strike and on PM Rishi Sunak's management of his Cabinet appointments. Presenter Victoria Derbyshire , at one point

1155-738: Was introducing a bill into the House of Lords to address the West Lothian question . This would prevent Scottish and Welsh MPs from voting on legislation which affects England alone as a result of devolution to the Scottish Parliament or the Welsh Assembly . Baker's son, Oswin, is a leading member of the Greenwich and Woolwich Labour Party . According to his entry in Who's Who , Baker enjoys collecting books and political caricatures. Baker

1190-712: Was laid on 5 July 1938 and a year later the school was opened. In 1975, the school converted from voluntary aided status to become a fee-paying private school, after government changes to the administration of secondary education under the Education Act 1975 . Headmaster Barry Martin retired in July 2013 after 16 years of service. He was succeeded by Kevin Knibbs in September 2013. There have been two incidents in recent years that involved crimes of sexual abuse perpetrated by teachers whilst at Hampton School. In 2020, Andrew Cook

1225-464: Was often tipped as a future Conservative leader, including in the 1987 edition of Julian Critchley 's biography of Michael Heseltine . Critchley quoted one journalist's witticism "I have seen the future and it smirks" (a reference to the famous line "I have seen the future and it works" written by Lincoln Steffens , an American visitor to Lenin's USSR in 1921). Baker's mannerisms were unpopular with some people: he dressed his hair with Brylcreem , and by

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