Football club ( German : Fußballclub , FC) was a designation for a specially promoted club for elite football in East Germany . The football clubs were formed in 1965 and 1966 as centers of excellence in East German football . The football clubs enjoyed considerable advantages over other sports communities in East German football in terms of material conditions and talent recruitment. All designated football clubs had their own catchment areas and promising players were ordered to play for them. In addition to the ten designated football clubs, sports community SG Dynamo Dresden was also promoted in a similar way to the designated football clubs from 1968.
169-402: Berliner Fussball Club Dynamo e. V. , commonly abbreviated to BFC Dynamo ( German pronunciation: [beːʔɛfˌt͡seː dyˈnaːmo] ) or BFC ( German pronunciation: [beːʔɛfˈt͡seː] ), alternatively sometimes called Dynamo Berlin , is a German football club based in the locality of Alt-Hohenschönhausen of the borough of Lichtenberg of Berlin . BFC Dynamo
338-606: A cross-city rivalry with 1. FC Union Berlin and a historical rivalry with SG Dynamo Dresden . The rivalry with Union Berlin is part of the Berlin derby . The team plays its home matches in the Sportforum Hohenschönhausen . BFC Dynamo started as a football department of sports club SC Dynamo Berlin . SC Dynamo Berlin was founded on 1 October 1954 as one of the new elite sports clubs in East Germany. The sports club
507-545: A sports club (SC) or a football club (FC). The DFV would gradually build 196 training centers (TZ) based on guidelines from the DTSB across East Germany from the beginning of the 1970s. Young talented players from the age of 13 started to be enrolled into elite Children and Youth Sports Schools (KJS) at the same time. No football club had been founded in Bezirk Dresden . It had long been planned to merge SG Dynamo Dresden with
676-544: A "former West German team" are considered by many as false - according to the DFB, this team still exists, called Germany. Germany's greatest triumphs since 1990 have been winning the 2014 World Championship in Brazil, and the 1996 European Championship secured in England with players from both the former West, including ( Jürgen Klinsmann as captain) and East ( Matthias Sammer ) as anchor of
845-477: A 2–4 loss against first-placed Tennis Borussia Berlin before the winter break. BFC Dynamo finished the 2008-09 NOFV-Oberliga Nord as runner-up. Christian Backs returned as coach in 2009. BFC Dynamo also recruited forward Nico Patschinski from 1. FC Union Berlin the same year. The team had a successful start to the 2009-10 NOFV-Oberliga Nord . BFC Dynamo lost only one match in the first 14 matchdays, but failed to keep pace with first-placed FC Energie Cottbus II in
1014-518: A decline in the league and finished the 2011-12 NOFV-Oberliga Nord in 13th place. Football in Germany Football is the most popular sport in Germany with 57% of the population declaring interest in watching it. The German Football Association (German: Deutscher Fußball-Bund or DFB ) is the sport's national governing body, with 6.6 million members (roughly eight percent of
1183-529: A friendly match in Kaiserslautern . His defection was considered a slap in the face of the East German regime; Eigendorf had been one of the most promising players in East Germany. BFC Dynamo eventually won its first DDR-Oberliga title in 1979. The team broke several league records during the 1978–79 season, such as: most number of matches won since the start of a season (10), most number of unbeaten matches since
1352-679: A gold medal in the Summer Olympics in 2016 . Germany was the first nation to win both the men's and women's World Cup. No country has more combined men's and women's World Cup championships, and only the United States has won more combined men's and women's regional/continental championships (United States 17 in CONCACAF, Germany 11 in UEFA). Germany was the host of the FIFA World Cup in 1974 and 2006 ,
1521-557: A more consistent distinction between amateurs and contract players would eventually prompted a radical reform to professionalize East German top-flight football during the summer of 1989. Amateur players would be able to change clubs immediately and without a transfer fee. For professional players who changed clubs, however, a transfer fee would be due. East German football players had until then officially been amateurs. This meant that East German players who defected to West Germany would be able to play for their new clubs immediately and without
1690-513: A more methodical approach to the youth work. They should form youth teams in all age groups and the training in the youth classes should be improved. As an example, BFC Dynamo immediately planned to expand its number of youth teams from 14 to 26 by its founding. The football clubs would be able to establish structured programs for the development of young talented players in special training centers ( German : Trainingszentrum ) (TZ) and sports schools. Training centers (TZ) would eventually form
1859-532: A more rigorous implementation of centrally conceived and monitored training plans based on the latest scientific findings from other sports and the further concentration of top-class football in a number of specially promoted focus clubs . 1970 DFV Football Resolution also gave sports officials of the DTSB and the DFV the unrestricted opportunity to delegate individual football players to clubs or to transfer them within clubs. The football clubs were now placed directly under
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#17328907407992028-453: A nationwide scouting network supported by numerous training centers (TZ) of SV Dynamo across East Germany. SV Dynamo would operate numerous training centers across the whole of East Germany. The training centers were either assigned to BFC Dynamo or SG Dynamo Dresden, depending on catchment area. The best talents from the individual training centers were then brought together and selected in multi-day screening session. The second category in
2197-607: A partnership with FC Dynamo Moscow , but the plans led nowhere. BFC Dynamo needed 30,000 Deutsche Mark by 31 October 2001 to open insolvency proceedings, but the club did not have the money. If insolvency proceedings could not be opened, the club would go bankcrupt. Supporters of BFC Dynamo staged a demonstration march from Sportforum Hohenschönhausen to Rotes Rathaus to save the club. Also former players such as Hans-Jürgen Riediger, Rainer Troppa , Waldemar Ksienzyk and Heiko Brestrich , planned to participate. A sponsor group around former club president Wanski eventually came forward at
2366-455: A pool for talented young players, who were later delegated to the football clubs. From the time when the sports clubs were first established in 1954, there is only one instance when an enterprises sports community (BSG) won the DDR-Oberliga. That was when BSG Chemie Leipzig won the DDR-Oberliga in the 1963–64 season . However, the team had been formed from players of two dissolved sports clubs
2535-509: A referee would need a travel permit, confirmed by the Stasi. It became known after the German reunification that several referees had also been Unofficial collaborators (IM) of the Stasi. However, there is no evidence to show that referees were under direct instructions from the Stasi and no document has ever been found in the archives that gave the Stasi a mandate to bribe referees. "I can imagine there
2704-575: A rematch of a first-round game, which Hungary had won 8–3. In response to his team's earlier thrashing at the hands of the Hungarians, legendary West German coach Sepp Herberger made key tactical adjustments in his team's lineup prior to the Final. Shortly before the match, it had started raining - in Germany this was dubbed "Fritz-Walter-Wetter" (Fritz Walter Weather) because the German team captain Fritz Walter
2873-556: A row to qualify for the 2. Bundesliga. FC Berlin lost 11 players after the 1991–92 season. In total, the club lost two complete teams in the first year or two after the fall of the Berlin Wall: 22 players had left for the Bundesliga and 13 players for the 2. Bundesliga. After failing to qualify for the 2. Bundesliga in 1991 and 1992, FC Berlin had to continue at amateur level. The club now had to rely heavily on its youth department to supply
3042-541: A structural advantage compared to other football clubs. A decision in the SED Politburo in 1962 stipulated that the sports associations SV Dynamo and ASV Vorwärts were allowed to set up sports communities (SG) in each location where they operated offices. This meant that the SV Dynamo and ASV Vorwärts would be able to run its own sports communities across the country. This gave them a decisive advantage. The first category in
3211-532: A total of three football were eventually founded in East Berlin. They were FC Vorwärts Berlin , BFC Dynamo and 1. FC Union Berlin . Only two football clubs had been planned for East Berlin. 1. FC Union Berlin had not been part of the plan. The founding of the club likely owed much to the intervention of the powerful chairman of the national state trade union FDGB and Politburo member Herbert Warnke . Both FC Vorwärts Berlin and BFC Dynamo were associated with
3380-464: A tournament which included a memorable clash with rival the Netherlands, Germany defeated Argentina , 1–0, on an Andreas Brehme penalty kick, to win its third World Cup title. With its third title (and three second-place finishes), West Germany became the most successful World Cup nation for four years, until Brazil won their fourth championship in 1994. West German team manager Franz Beckenbauer became
3549-578: A transfer fee. The SED eventually formulated a scheme to put football onto a contractual basis between clubs and players, with transparent transfers and payments, from the 1989–90 season. The scheme signalled a shift in the direction of an open professionalization of East German football. DDR-Oberliga and DDR-Liga players now had to sign license contracts that complied with FIFA regulations. Every DDR-Oberliga club should be allowed to sign 25 players under contract, while every DDR-Liga club should be allowed to sign 20 players under contract. The reserve teams of
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#17328907407993718-553: A vote of no confidence at the annual meeting in June 2007. Meyer became the new chairman of the Economic Council and practically club manager. The Turkish company Gökis Getränkegroßhandel became the new shirt sponsor for the 2007–08 season. The company's manager Gökhan Kazan also became member of the Economic Council. BFC Dynamo played a friendly match against Hertha BSC in July 2007. The match
3887-508: Is identical to the team representing what was informally called West Germany from 1949 to 1990, as the German Football Association was again recognized by FIFA after WW2. Nothing changed in 1990 except enlarged membership due to the access of East German states and players, thus the continuity in the German logo and uniform style as well as references to Germany's four World Cup and three European Cup titles. Thus, all references to
4056-620: Is the only former East German football club playing in the Bundesliga as of the 2024–25 season . ° SG Dynamo Dresden existed well before the founding of designated football clubs. While the club was a sports community ( German : Sportgemeinschaft , SG) by name, it had the same status as the football clubs from 1968. °° The club was relocated to Frankfurt an der Oder in Bezirk Frankfurt on 31 July 1971 and continued as FC Vorwärts Frankfurt. A number of football clubs became specially promoted focus clubs ( German : Schwerpunktclubs ) in
4225-464: Is the only nation to have won both the men's and women's World Cup and European Championship. The Germany women's team are also the first to have won a World Cup at senior level, either for men or women, without conceding a single goal, having done so in 2007. Nadine Angerer was the goalkeeper who managed this feat. The national teams play in various stadiums throughout Germany . The cities of Düsseldorf , Munich , Dortmund and Berlin are some of
4394-414: The 1959 FDGB-Pokal . However, the team was not allowed to participate in the 1960–61 European Cup Winners' Cup . The East German Football Association ( German : Deutscher Fußball-Verband der DDR ) (DFV) decided that local rival and league runner-up ASK Vorwärts Berlin was a better representative. SC Dynamo Berlin had some success in the first two seasons of the 1960s. The team finished runners-up in
4563-417: The 1960 DDR-Oberliga and reached the final of the 1961-62 FDGB-Pokal. However, SC Dynamo Berlin found itself overshadowed in the capital by the army-sponsored ASK Vorwärts Berlin. The team of SC Dynamo Berlin during the 1960s would eventually prove relatively weak. By the end of the 1962–63 DDR-Oberliga , SC Dynamo Berlin had become a lower-table side. East German football was reorganized in 1965–1966 when
4732-528: The 1979–80 European Cup , where it faced Nottingham Forest under Brian Clough . The team won the first leg 0–1 away, after a goal by Riediger. BFC Dynamo thus became the first German team to defeat an English team in England in the European Cup. The team won its second consecutive DDR-Oberliga title in 1980 , after defeating first-placed SG Dynamo Dresden 1–0 on the final matchday in front of 30,000 spectators at
4901-442: The 1989 FDGB-Pokal final and won its second consecutive cup title. SG Dynamo Dresden eventually broke the dominance of BFC Dynamo in the DDR-Oberliga in the 1988-89 season . BFC Dynamo finished the 1988-89 DDR-Oberliga as runner-up, and SG Dynamo Dresden became the new champion. Coach Bogs was replaced by Helmut Jäschke after the 1988–89 season. As the cup winner, BFC Dynamo was set to play the new league champion SG Dynamo Dresden in
5070-443: The 1990-91 NOFV-Oberliga in 11th place, but qualified for the play-off for the 2. Bundesliga . The team just narrowly failed to qualify for the 2. Bundesliga . More players left the team after 1990–91 season, including Heiko Bonan for VfL Bochum , Burkhard Reich for Karlsruher SC and Hendrik Herzog for FC Schalke 04 . The 1991–92 season was the first season when teams from East Germany and teams from West Germany played in
5239-410: The 2. Bundesliga . SG Dynamo Dresden was then also relegated two seasons later. F.C. Hansa Rostock then returned to the Bundesliga in the 1995–96 season . The club managed to establish itself in the Bundesliga this time and played in the league until the 2005–06 season . 1. FC Union Berlin qualified for the 2019–20 Bundesliga after defeating VfB Stuttgart in promotion play-offs . 1. FC Union Berlin
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5408-718: The 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup in the US and the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup in China. The national association is the German Football Association (or Deutscher Fußball-Bund) headquartered in Frankfurt . The DFB was founded in 1900 in Leipzig , by the representatives of 86 clubs. Today, the association has some 31,000 member clubs which field 170,000 teams with over 2 million players: these numbers include 870,000 female members and 8,600 women's teams. With over six million active and passive members,
5577-740: The DFC Prag , was elected first president of the DFB. Already some years before 1900, associations like the Bund Deutscher Fussballspieler or Deutscher Fussball und Cricket-Bund were founded, but they were limited to smaller areas of the German Empire, in those cases to areas around Berlin . The first championship beyond municipal areas was held in 1898 from the Verband Sueddeutscher Fussball-Vereine (Association of South German football clubs) , later affiliated with
5746-529: The European Cup Winners' Cup ). BFC Dynamo was eventually eliminated by Dynamo Moscow in the semi-finals, after a penalty shoot-out in the return leg. Harry Nippert became the new coach in 1973. BFC Dynamo also recruited midfielder and national team player Reinhard Lauck from relegated 1. FC Union Berlin the same year. BFC Dynamo had the youngest team in the league in the 1975-76 DDR-Oberliga , with an average age of 22.5 years. Talented players from
5915-550: The German Football Association (DFB). BFC Dynamo was drawn against 1. FC Kaiserslautern in the first round of the 2011–12 DFB-Pokal. The match was played in front of 10,104 spectators at the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark . BFC Dynamo lost the match 0–3. Serious riots broke out among supporters of BFC Dynamo after the match. The club was subsequently fined 12,000 Euros by the DFB Sports Court. BFC Dynamo saw
6084-517: The German Gymnastics and Sports Federation ( German : Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund , DTSB) and the German Football Association of the GDR ( German : Deutscher Fußball-Verband der DDR , DFV). The ten football clubs were formed from December 1965 to January 1966. The sports clubs were supposed to develop sports in general. However, the main interest of the club management was often football. This
6253-623: The SED Central Committee Egon Krenz were fed up with the "football question" and the "BFC-discussion". Honecker wanted quiet. An example was consequently made out of referee Stumpf. He was permanently banned from refereeing by the DFV. The sanctions against Stumpf were approved by Honecker and Krenz in the SED Central Committee. However, a previously unknown video recording of the match was published by Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (MDR) in 2000. The video recording showed that
6422-464: The SV Dynamo sports association, BFC Dynamo was able to filter the best talents through nationwide screening and train them in its youth academy. The youth academy had full-time trainers employed for every age group. As the coach of the DDR-Oberliga team, Bogs worked with modern training methods, such as video evalutations, which was not yet common in East Germany. The club also applied heart rate and lactate measurements during training, which only came to
6591-482: The " Berlusconi of Jena". Author Steffen Karas has calculated that five of the top 10 delegations in the DDR-Oberliga involved FC Carl Zeiss Jena. 1. FC Magdeburg was sponsored by construction combine Schwermaschinenbau-Kombinat " Ernst Thälmann " (SKET) and supported by Politburo member Werner Eberlein. F.C. Hansa Rostock was sponsored by maritime combine VEB Kombinat Seeverkehr und Hafenwirtschaft and supported by Politburo member Harry Tisch . Hallescher FC Chemie
6760-432: The 1970 DFV Football Resolution were a reduction of salaries, introduction of uniform salary and bonus payments, payments according to professional qualification within a certain framework, as well as the prohibition of additional financial incentives. Players in football clubs would now be able to train as de facto professionals. Players in enterprise sports communities ( German : Betriebssportgemeinschaften , BSG), on
6929-434: The 1970 DFV Football Resolution. Focus clubs were meant to be strengthened through player transfers. The DTSB and the DFV tried to delegate the best players to the newly designated focus clubs at the beginning of the 1970s. Players in teams that had been relegated from the DDR-Oberliga should also switch to focus clubs. The details of individual delegations were decided among officials. Examples of players delegated after
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7098-432: The 1976 DFV Football Resolution. Focus clubs were also provided with more youth coaches from the DFV and have the right to delegate twice as many students to their affiliated Children and Youth Sports Schools (KJS) every year, compared to other football clubs. The focus clubs had the privilege to accommodate 12 students in their affiliated Children and Youth Sports Schools (KJS) every year. Non-focus football clubs only had
7267-448: The 1980s made fans of opposing teams easily aroused as to what they saw as manipulation by bent referees. The team was met with aggression and shouts such as "Bent champions!" ( German : Schiebermeister ) and "Jews Berlin!" ( German : Juden Berlin ) at away matches. Complaints of alleged referee bias accumulated into the hundreds in the mid-1980s. The East German Football Association (DFV) eventually conducted an internal analysis of
7436-524: The 1984–85 season. Among other things, the analysis found that BFC Dynamo had incurred only one third of the yellow cards incurred by rival SG Dynamo Dresden. A review was also made of the final of the 1985 FDGB-Pokal final between BFC Dynamo and SG Dynamo Dresden. This analysis concluded that 30 percent of the referee decisions were wrong, and found that 80 percent of those had been of disadvantage to SG Dynamo Dresden. A number of referees were sanctioned for their performances in matches involving BFC Dynamo in
7605-523: The 1999-2000 Regionalliga in 17th place. The team was thus relegated to NOFV-Oberliga Nord ; for the first time, BFC Dynamo was a fourth-tier team. After six years in office, Club President Wanski resigned in June 2000, in protest against Lipro AG's demand for influence. About a dozen new players were signed in the summer of 2000, including five Romanian players, four of whom were former national team players. Social democratic SPD -politician Karin Halsch became
7774-450: The 2004–05 season were Robert Rudwaleit, Nico Thomaschewski, Dennis Kutrieb , Jörn Lenz and Danny Kukulies. Coach Backs left for Berliner AK 07 in April 2005, due to financial disagreements with the club. Former FC Vorwärts Berlin player Jürgen Piepenburg became the new coach in the summer of 2005. The 2005-06 NOFV-Oberliga Nord involved new derbies with 1. FC Union Berlin. BFC Dynamo lost
7943-653: The 23rd matchday. Supporters of BFC Dynamo invaded the pitch of the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark in celebration of the league title. It was the first pitch invasion by the supporters of BFC Dynamo in the DDR-Oberliga. BFC Dynamo was drawn against West German champion Hamburger SV in the first round of the 1982-83 European Cup . The first leg was played at the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark. The Stasi feared riots, political demonstrations and supporters who might express sympathy for West German stars. Only 2,000 tickets were allowed for ordinary fans. The rest
8112-521: The Berlin area. The team was joined by forward Wolf-Rüdiger Netz from SG Dynamo Schwerin in 1971. BFC Dynamo made its first appearance in an UEFA Competition in the 1971-72 European Cup Winners' Cup . The team reached all the way to the semi-finals. BFC Dynamo thus became the first team from Berlin to reach the semi-finals in one of the two most prestigious UEFA club competitions (the European Cup and
8281-474: The Bundesliga many years later. Former referee Bernd Heynemann has concluded: "The BFC is not ten times champions because the referees only whistled for Dynamo. They were already strong as a bear." BFC Dynamo recruited 20-year-old Thomas Doll from relegated F.C. Hansa Rostock in 1986. Doll and Andreas Thom would form one of the most effective attacking duos in East German football in the late 1980s. The 1986–87 and 1987-88 seasons saw renewed competition in
8450-414: The DDR-Oberliga by 1982. The team went through the entire 1982-83 DDR-Oberliga undefeated. BFC Dynamo was defeated 1–2 by FC Karl-Marx-Stadt on the seventh matchday of the 1983-84 DDR-Oberliga . It was the first loss since the 22nd matchday of the 1981-82 DDR-Oberliga . BFC Dynamo had then been undefeated in 36 matches, which set a new record in the DDR-Oberliga for the longest unbeaten run. BFC Dynamo
8619-449: The DDR-Oberliga. BFC Dynamo eventually won its tenth consecutive league title in 1988. The 1987-88 DDR-Oberliga was won on goal difference in the final matchday. Andreas Thom became the best goalscorer in 1987-88 DDR-Oberliga with 20 goals. The team then defeated FC Carl Zeiss Jena in the 1988 FDGB-Pokal final and finally completed the Double . Thom was voted the 1988 East German footballer of
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#17328907407998788-424: The DFB is the world's largest sports federation. The Germany national football team has represented Germany in international football competitions since 1908. It is controlled by the German Football Association (DFB), the governing body of football in Germany. They have won four FIFA World Cups and have been runners up on four occasions. Since the 1954 World Cup , the Germany national team has been outfitted by
8957-488: The DFB, are two-time world champions, having won the FIFA Women's World Cup in 2003 under past coach Tina Theune-Meyer and 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup under current coach Silvia Neid . They are the first women's team to have successfully defended a World Cup. They have also won eight UEFA Women's Championships ( 1989 , 1991 , 1995 , 1997 , 2001 , 2005 , 2009 , 2013 ), which includes six consecutive titles. Germany
9126-501: The DFB. The Germany national football team has represented Germany in international football competitions since 1908. It is controlled by the German Football Association (DFB), the domestic governing body of Germany's football in Germany. Germany national football team played its first post-WWI match on 27 June 1920 in Zürich against Switzerland, which the Swiss team won 1:4. Club football
9295-428: The DFV proposed two solutions to tackle the problem: the best football players should be concentrated in a few football teams and the football departments should be separated from the sports clubs and re-organized as independent football clubs. The concentration of the best football players in the football clubs should be facilitated by better salaries and bonuses, but also through better professional opportunities, such as
9464-420: The Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark in the return leg. Goalkeeper Bodo Rudwaleit saved the last two penalty kicks for Aberdeen FC. BFC Dynamo finished the 1984-85 DDR-Oberliga in first place, six points ahead of SG Dynamo Dresden. The team had scored a total of 90 goals in 1984-85 DDR-Oberliga, which set a new record. No team would ever score more goals in one season in the DDR-Oberliga. With 24 goals, Rainer Ernst
9633-467: The Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark. The East Germany national football team won silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow . BFC Dynamo was represented by five players in the squad: Bodo Rudwaleit , Artur Ullrich , Norbert Trieloff , Frank Terletzki and Wolf-Rüdiger Netz . All five played in the final against Czechoslovakia . More talented players from the youth department were integrated into
9802-509: The German firm adidas . For home games, the German team wears white jerseys, black shorts and white socks in honour of the Prussian colours. Along with black both red and gold, the other two colours of the German flag, have been included in the strip over the years. Traditionally, the Germans have worn green jerseys, white shorts and green socks as their alternate uniform. In recent years, however,
9971-551: The Germans have changed their away uniform to grey in 2002–2003, black in 2004 and recently to red. The Germans wore red as their alternate colour in the 2006 World Cup . The Germany national team during the 2006 World Cup was coached by former captain Jürgen Klinsmann. Since 12 July 2006, former Assistant Coach Joachim Löw has coached the national team. Its current captain is Bayern Munich goalkeeper Manuel Neuer . The German women's national football team, also organised by
10140-632: The Hungarian reporter burst into tears. The game would become known as the "Das Wunder von Bern" (the "Miracle of Bern") in German lore and would be the basis for a successful movie released in 2003. The FIFA World Cup 1974 competition was held in West Germany. Led by legendary libero Franz Beckenbauer, keeper Sepp Maier , playmaker Paul Breitner , and strikers Uli Hoeneß and "Der Bomber" Gerd Müller (Germany's all-time leading scorer with 68 goals in 62 games), Germany won its second World Cup by defeating
10309-579: The Netherlands in the final, 2–1, behind goals by Breitner and Müller. The Final was famous for the battle between Kaiser Franz (Beckenbauer) and King Johann (Cruyff). The tournament marked the first time that the current trophy, the FIFA World Cup , was awarded. The previous trophy, the Jules Rimet Trophy , was won for the third time by Brazil in 1970 and awarded permanently to the Brazilians. In
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#173289074079910478-484: The SED Central Committee on 19 March 1969. The 1969 Competitive Sports Resolution divided East German sports into two categories "Sport I" and "Sport II". The resolution aimed to concentrate resources on those sports with the greatest record and medal potential. The sports that were considered worth pursuing for Olympic medals were allocated to Sport I. The sports in Sport I were eligible for generous state subsidies, access to
10647-463: The Stasi. BFC Dynamo was relegated to the second-tier DDR-Liga in 1967 and subsequently began a rejuvenation of the team. The team eventually dominated the DDR-Liga and immediately won promotion back to the DDR-Oberliga. One of the talented players from the youth department who were integrated into the first team in the late 1960s and early 1970s was midfielder Frank Terletzki . BFC Dynamo reached
10816-860: The UEFA European Championship in 1988 and 2024 , and the FIFA Confederations Cup in 2005 . They also hosted the 1989 , 1995 and 2001 editions of the UEFA European Women's Championship, as well as the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup . The women's league system has the Frauen-Bundesliga , 2. Frauen-Bundesliga , and Frauen-Regionalliga . The DFB-Pokal Frauen is the main national cup competition. The first football match arguably took place in Braunschweig in 1874. Two schoolteachers, August Hermann and Konrad Koch , initiated
10985-556: The additional 7 million Marks released by the East Germany Ministry of Finance for the 1970 DFV Football Resolution, 2 million Marks were provided to compensate the enterprises. The promotion of football clubs as the only centers of excellence in East German football and the implementation of the 1970 DFV Football Resolution led to a two-class society in the DDR-Oberliga : The best enterprise sports communities (BSG) were used as
11154-438: The armed organs ( German : Bewaffnete Organe der DDR ). Herbert Warnke therefore argued for the formation of a civil football club for the working population in East Berlin. The founding of 1. FC Union Berlin was even more remarkable as the football team of sports club TSC Berlin only played in the second tier DDR-Liga at the time. All other teams of football clubs played in the first tier DDR-Oberliga . 1. FC Union Berlin
11323-521: The backing of the Head of the Stasi Erich Mielke and other top SED politicians, who were aware of the popularity of football in East Germany. The 1969 Competitive Sports Resolution was then complemented by the 1970 DFV Football Resolution ( German : DFV-Fußballbeschluss ). Among the main points of the 1970 DFV Football Resolution were the further separation of the football clubs from their sponsors,
11492-482: The basis of the East German selection and screening system in competitive sports. They were the first preparatory stage for the support of children found suitable for sports. Training in training centers (TZ) usually started at the age of 10. The training course usually lasted for three to four years. From the training centers, the best young talents could then be delegated to a Children and Youth Sports Schools ( German : Kinder- und Jugendsportschule , KJS) and then
11661-400: The best goal scorer in the 1983-84 DDR-Oberliga with 20 goals. BFC Dynamo reached the 1984 FDGB-Pokal final, but lost to SG Dynamo Dresden. BFC Dynamo recruited Frank Pastor from relegated HFC Chemie in 1984. The team was drawn against Aberdeen FC under Alex Ferguson in the first round of the 1984–85 European Cup . BFC Dynamo eventually won the round after dramatic penalty shoot-out at
11830-442: The best material conditions in the league and the best team by far. But controversial refereeing decisions in favor of BFC Dynamo gave rise to speculation that the dominance of BFC Dynamo was not solely due to athletic performance, but also due to help from referees. BFC Dynamo was a representative of both the Stasi and the capital. The team was therefore viewed with more suspicion than affection. The overbearing success of BFC Dynamo in
11999-506: The best talents in the whole regional district. SG Dynamo Dresden would enjoy the same funding and the same privileges as a designated football club, although it retained its designation as a "Sports Community" ( German : Sportgemeinschaft , SG). Without this support, the club's future success would have been hard to achieve. East German sports was fundamentally reformed in the 1969 Competitive Sports Resolution ( German : Leistungssportbeschluss ). The 1969 Competitive Sports Resolution
12168-475: The budget for the upcoming season. BFC Dynamo had to start over in the sixth-tier Verbandsliga Berlin in 2002. Nico Tomaschewski returned to the team in 2002. The team was also joined by young defender Robert Rudwaleit from the reserve team the same year. Robert Rudwaleit was the son of Bodo Rudwaleit. BFC Dynamo finished its first season in the Verbandsliga Berlin in third place. Jörn Lenz then returned to
12337-429: The catchment area of BFC Dynamo. In total, SG Dynamo Dresden had 35 partner associations ( German : Partnervereine ), including training centers (TZ). Their task was mainly to scout the best players and then send them to Dresden. When former FC St. Pauli coach Helmut Schulte became the coach of SG Dynamo Dresden in 1991, a good 100 people were still empoyed at the club, which amazed Schulte. The third category in
12506-520: The club had made from player transfers in the early 1990s were now gone. Defender Jörn Lenz returned to the team during the winter break 1997–1998. Lenz would be a key player for several seasons to come. The successes in the Regionalliga did not materialize; FC Berlin remained a lower-table side. Coach Voigt eventually left for 1. FC Dynamo Dresden in March 1998. Henry Häusler became new coach in 1998. Among
12675-464: The club was behind on insurance payments. BFC Dynamo lost the play-off after a 5–2 defeat away in the second leg. Several players left the team immediately after the season. The insurance company AOK eventually filed for insolvency against BFC Dynamo in June 2001. Shortly afterwards, Halsch resigned as club president and Reker took over as acting president. The club's total debts were now estimated at 5.5 millions Deutsche Mark. BFC Dynamo tried to initiate
12844-496: The club with annual personal financial contributions. In 2000, the club finally got a promising main sponsor in the form of Lipro AG and made a bid to reach the third tier. However, the millions from Lipro AG later turned out to be loans. Insolvency proceedings were opened on 1 November 2001. BFC Dynamo was automatically relegated to the Verbandsliga Berlin and had to continue under amateur conditions. Only three players from
13013-629: The comprehensive system of training centers (TZ) and Children and Youth Sports Schools (KJS) in East Germany, as well as the services of full-time coaches and trainers. Other sports were allocated to Sport II. The sports in Sport II were thus denied the full range of advantages and privileges of the East German elite sports system. Football was allocated to Sport I, together with sports such as swimming, athletics and weightlifting. Sports such as tennis, water polo and basketball were instead allocated to Sports II. The allocation of football to Sport I owed much to
13182-507: The defence. The greatest success for German team in the new millennium has been their winning the 2014 FIFA World Cup . They had also finished in second place to Brazil at the 2002 World Cup in South Korea and Japan and second place at the 2008 European Championship. There was also a third place at the 2006 World Cup in Germany and in addition another third place at World Cup 2010. Germany's women have achieved even greater success, winning both
13351-475: The eastern part of the country in April 1996. As many as 30 youth teams from clubs such as Chelsea F.C. , Feyenoord , SK Rapid Wien , FC Spartak Moscow , FC Bayern München and Borussia Dortmund participated. FC Berlin finished the 1995-96 Regionaliga Nordost in 13th place. Club President Volkmar Wanski announced in November 1996 that the financial reserves had been used up; the millions of Deutsche Mark that
13520-479: The end of East Germany. These clubs would come to dominate East German football until 1989. The efforts of the DTSB and DFV to concentrate resources on a few clubs reached their peak in the mid-1970s. F.C. Hansa Rostock, FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt and 1. FC Union Berlin were disadvantaged in some aspects compared to the focus clubs. Football clubs were given performance assignments from the DTSB that had to be fulfilled in specific periods. As an example, 1. FC Union Berlin
13689-507: The end of East Germany. An audit by the East German Ministry of Finance in 1987 uncovered a series of offences among the sports communities in the second to fourth tier in the East German football league system. The fact that BSG Stahl Brandenburg managed to qualify for the 1986–87 UEFA Cup owed much to generous payments to players from the social and cultural funds of the local steel and rolling mill works. A FIFA resolution for
13858-483: The establishment of a civil football club. The stalemate continued for one and a half year. The football department of SC Einheit Dresden was then reorganized as FSV Lokomotive Dresden on 12 January 1966. SG Dynamo Dresden was then declared a regional district center of excellence in Bezirk Dresden by the regional district board ( German : Bezirksvorstandes ) of the DTSB on 5 August 1968. The club could now draw on
14027-429: The fate of the club was uncertain. BFC Dynamo was eventually rebranded as FC Berlin on 19 February 1990. The team finished the 1989-90 DDR-Oberliga in fourth place and failed for the first time in a long time to qualify for an UEFA competition. Thomas Doll and Frank Rohde left for Hamburger SV and Rainer Ernst for 1. FC Kaiserslautern after the season. Jürgen Bogs returned as coach in 1990. FC Berlin finished
14196-404: The final of the 1970-71 FDGB-Pokal. The team lost the final 1–2 in overtime to SG Dynamo Dresden, but qualified for the 1971-72 European Cup Winners' Cup as runner-up. The Ministry of Defense decided to relocate FC Vortwärts Berlin to Frankfurt an der Oder ahead of the 1971–72 season. BFC Dynamo and 1. FC Union Berlin were from now on the only major football clubs in East Berlin. BFC Dynamo
14365-416: The final. Former FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt -player and coach Klaus Goldbach became new coach at the end of the season. BFC Dynamo recruited goalkeeper Nico Thomaschewski from 1. FC Union Berlin in 1999. BFC Dynamo suffered a period of crisis during the autumn of 1999; the club had run into financial difficulties, and the team had plummeted down the league after several matches without a single win. Heiko Brestrich
14534-526: The first club where players became de facto paid professionals. The club managed to put together a strong team under coach Georg Buschner with the help of financial incentives. VEB Carl Zeiss Jena assured extensive financial, material and social help to players. This made it possible for the club to keep its best players and also attract players from other teams in the DDR-Oberliga, such as Wolfgang Blochwitz and Eberhard Vogel . The General Director of VEB Carl Zeiss Jena Wolfgang Biermann would later be dubbed
14703-581: The first edition of the DFV-Supercup . BFC Dynamo won the match 4-1 and became the first and, eventually, only winner of the DFV-Supercup in the history of East German football. The 1989–90 season was marked by the political change in East Germany . The Berlin Wall was opened on 9 November 1989 and people in East Berlin could now travel freely to West Berlin. Andreas Thom was signed to Bayer Leverkusen . He left
14872-449: The first match after Hermann had obtained a round football from England. In 1875, Koch published the first German version of the rules of football , although Koch's version of the game still closely resembled Rugby football . The Dresden English Football Club is considered the first modern football club in Germany and probably the first in continental Europe. It was founded in 1874 by Englishmen living and working around Dresden . In
15041-522: The first meeting with 1. FC Union Berlin 8–0. Coach Piepenberg was dismissed immediately after the match. Israeli fashion brand JetLag became the new main sponsor at the beginning of 2006. The return match against 1. FC Union Berlin was played at the Stadion im Sportforum in May 2006. The score was 1-1 when supporters of BFC Dynamo invaded the pitch to storm the away block. The match was abandoned and 1. FC Union Berlin
15210-481: The first team during the 1970s. The average age in the team was only 22.8 years at the start of the 1978–79 season. BFC Dynamo under Jürgen Bogs played an aggressive football that focused on attacking. BFC Dynamo had a very successful start in the 1978-79 DDR-Oberliga and became Herbstmeister . The team reached the 1979 FDGB-Pokal final , but was defeated by 1. FC Magdeburg. Midfielder Lutz Eigendorf defected to West Germany on 20 March 1979 in connection with
15379-461: The first team in the late 1970s and early 1980s, such as Rainer Ernst , Bernd Schulz , Frank Rohde and Christian Backs . BFC Dynamo won the league again in 1981 , after defeating second-placed FC Carl Zeiss Jena 2–1 in a deciding match on the final matchday. BFC Dynamo reached the 1982 FDGB-Pokal final, but lost to SG Dynamo Dresen in a penalty shoot-out. The team won its fourth consecutive league title in 1982, after defeating 1. FC Magdeburg 4–0 on
15548-484: The focus clubs with more staff as well as better material and technical conditions from 1971. The focus clubs then received additional advantages in the 1976 DFV Football Resolution. The 1976 DFV Football Resolution named six designated focus club. These focus clubs were given priority in terms of player transfers. Focus clubs received expanded catchment areas in the 1976 DFV Football Resolution. They were also allowed to delegate youth players from other football clubs in
15717-602: The following 20 years the game achieved a growing popularity. Football clubs were founded in Berlin , Hamburg and Stuttgart . On 28 January 1900, representatives from 86 football clubs from German-speaking areas in and outside the German Empire met in the restaurant Mariengarten in Leipzig , founding the DFB. The founding meeting was led by E. J. Kirmse, chairman of the Leipziger Fussball Verband (Leipzig Football Association) . Ferdinand Hueppe, representing
15886-452: The following months, including the referees involved in the 1985 cup final. A particularly controversial episode was the penalty awarded to BFC Dynamo by referee Bernd Stumpf in extra time in the match between 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig and BFC Dynamo in March 1986. The penalty caused a wave of protests. SED General Secretary Erich Honecker and the Secretary for Security, Youth and Sport of
16055-1059: The football clubs were also disbanded and their players were distributed between DDR-Liga teams. However, the full implementation of the scheme was interrupted by the fall of the SED regime and the dismantling of East German football by competition from West Germany . The football clubs were given new legal statuses as registered associations ( eingetragener Verein , e. V.) in 1990. Five football clubs retained their names after Die Wende : F.C. Hansa Rostock, 1. FC Magdeburg, 1. FC Union Berlin, FC Carl Zeiss Jena and FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt. The other five football clubs changed their names for various reasons in 1990 and 1991. BFC Dynamo became FC Berlin, HFC Chemie became Hallescher FC, FC Karl-Marx-Stadt became Chemnitzer FC, 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig became VfB Leipzig and FC Vorwärts Frankfurt became FC Victoria 91 Frankfurt (Oder). SG Dynamo Dresden also changed its name to 1. FC Dynamo Dresden. However, BFC Dynamo reverted to its traditional name in 1999, 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig
16224-649: The football department of sports club SC Einheit Dresden, in order concentrate the best footballers in the regional district into one club. A similar thing had been done in Leipzig. However, a tug of war developed between the President of SV Dynamo Erich Mielke and the SED First secretary in Bezirk Dresden Werner Krolikowski . Mielke did not want to give up SG Dynamo Dresden, while Krolikowski advocated for
16393-556: The football departments of ten sports clubs (SC) were made into ten designated football clubs (FC). As part of this reorganization, the football department of SC Dynamo Berlin became football club Berliner FC Dynamo. BFC Dynamo was founded on 15 January 1966. Manfred Kirste was elected club president and the SV Dynamo President Erich Mielke was made honorary president. The new designated football clubs were formed as centers of excellence in East German football, with
16562-455: The former squad remained for the first mandatory friendly match, including new team captain Piotr Rowicki. Jörn Lenz left for VfB Leipzig and Nico Thomaschewski for SV Babelsberg 03 . Also coach Bogs left. Mario Maek took over as new coach on a voluntary basis assisted by goalkeeping coach Bodo Rudwaleit . Entrepreneur Mike Peters was elected as the new club president in May 2022. BFC Dynamo
16731-514: The four stars above the Germany national team logo on the team's jerseys. Germany hosted the World Cups in 1974 and in 2006. The women's national team has won two FIFA Women's World Cups, commemorated by two stars above the crest on their jerseys. Germany hosted the 2011 Women's World Cup. The Wankdorf Stadion in Bern saw 60,000 people cram inside to watch the Final between West Germany and Hungary ,
16900-495: The hierarchy contained FC Vorwärts Berlin and BFC Dynamo. FC Vorwärts Berlin was initially the most privileged club in East German football. The club was able to draw on young talented players from all army sports communities ( German : Armeesportgemeinschaft , ASG) in East Germany. FC Vorwärts Berlin was also able to recruit players that had been called up for military service with the National People's Army . The position as
17069-532: The hierarchy contained SG Dynamo Dresden. SG Dynamo Dresden was thus the third most privileged football club or sports community in East German football. The catchment area of SG Dynamo Dresden included the SV Dynamo sports communities (SG) of Eisleben and Halle/Neustadt. These were located below the "southern line", where SG Dynamo Dresden had access. The more northern SV Dynamo sports communities of Rostock-Mitte, Neustrelitz, Fürstenwalde and Schwerin instead belonged to
17238-527: The hierarchy were designated football clubs with a financially strong sponsor or supported by a member of the Politburo of the Socialist Unity Party (SED). This category contained FC Carl Zeiss Jena, 1. FC Magdeburg, FC Hansa Rostock and Hallescher FC Chemie. These clubs were heavily protected by their sponsors and patrons. FC Carl Zeiss Jena was supported by VEB Carl Zeiss Jena . SC Motor Jena had been
17407-464: The hierarchy. At the top of hierarchy were clubs affiliated with the armed organs. Most sports associations ( German : Sportvereinigung , SV) were dissolved at the founding of the DTSB in 1957. However, the sports associations ASV Vorwärts and SV Dynamo were allowed to continue to exist as district organizations within the DTSB and were allowed to retain their own statutes. FC Vorwärts Berlin, BFC Dynamo and SG Dynamo Dresden would benefit from
17576-532: The joint-second most successful nation in the tournament only surpassed by Brazil . It also holds three UEFA European Championships ( 1972 , 1980 , 1996 ), behind only Spain , and won the FIFA Confederations Cup in 2017 . The Germany women's national football team has won two FIFA Women's World Cups ( 2003 , 2007 ) and a record eight UEFA European Women's Championships ( 1989 , 1991 , 1995 , 1997 , 2001 , 2005 , 2009 , 2013 ), as well as
17745-406: The jurisdicion of the DTSB and the DFV. They would also be directly financed by the DTSB and would have to adhere to its financial regulations. The East German Ministry of Finance would release additional financing to fulfil the reform. The 1970 DFV Football Resolution also aimed to root out the system of unauthorized financial incentives and bonuses to players that had developed. Other points of
17914-591: The key players on the team in the 1998–99 season were Heiko Brestrich, Jörn Lenz, Mario Kallnik and Mario Maek. Coach Häusler was already dismissed in April 1999, due to repeated public criticism of the team. The club took back its old club name of BFC Dynamo on 8 May 1999. BFC Dynamo defeated Berlin Turkspor 1965 4–1 in the final of the 1998-99 Berlin Cup and finally won its first Berlin Cup title. Brestrich scored two goals, Ayhan Gezen one goal and Maek one goal for BFC Dynamo in
18083-517: The last second and offered the money. BFC Dynamo, and then FC Berlin, was said to have made millions from player sales after Die Wende . The club was for a time considered the richest amateur club in Germany. But not all the money had gone to the club. Some had also gone to SV Dynamo , the East German Football Association (DFV) and agents. The club's reputation as a former Stasi club made it difficult to win new sponsors. The club
18252-482: The league. The highlight of the 1995-96 Regionaliga Nordost were then new duels with 1. FC Dynamo Dresden . The two teams had not met since 1991. Due to a threat of relegation, coach Koch was dismissed in October 1995. He was succeeded by former player and youth coach Werner Voigt . Defender Mario Maek also returned to the team at the same time. FC Berlin organized one of the biggest youth football tournaments so far in
18421-420: The match 1–0 in overtime. BFC Dynamo was then awarded a penalty in the 95th minute by referee Bernd Stumpf . Frank Pastor converted the penalty and the match ended in a 1–1 draw. The penalty was highly controversial and would later become known as the " Shame penalty of Leipzig ". BFC Dynamo won the 1985-86 DDR-Oberliga. The team finished just two points ahead of runner-up 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig. BFC Dynamo had
18590-520: The mid-1950s. Football was then given a special position in East German sports after a decision by the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party (SED) on 18 August 1965. The decision envisioned the formation of dedicated football clubs. Ten football departments were then separated from their sports clubs and re-organized as ten dedicated football clubs by two resolutions from
18759-437: The more popular locations. FIFA World Cup UEFA European Championship Summer Olympic Games FIFA Confederations Cup FIFA Women's World Cup UEFA Women's Championship Summer Olympic Games UEFA Women's Nations League The Germany national football team has won four FIFA World Cups and have been the runners up on four other occasions. The four World Cup championships are commemorated by
18928-412: The most privileged club was then taken over by BFC Dynamo in the mid-1970s. BFC Dynamo was able to recruit talents from the youth departments of all sports communities of SV Dynamo in East Germany, except those in Bezirk Dresden and a number of other sports communities in the southern regional districts that belonged to the catchment area of SG Dynamo Dresden. BFC Dynamo would eventually get access to
19097-905: The national team with talent. The new football clubs were planned to be evenly spread out among the regional districts of East Germany. However, there was no interest of founding football clubs in Bezirk Neubrandenburg , Bezirk Potsdam and Bezirk Suhl . Also Bezirk Frankfurt , Bezirk Cottbus and Bezirk Schwerin would eventually be without a football club. Ten football departments were eventually separated from their sports club and re-organized as football clubs from December 1965 to January 1966. All football clubs except FC Carl Zeiss Jena in Bezirk Gera were located in regional district capitals or in East Berlin . The original plan had envisioned only one football club per regional district. However,
19266-546: The new club president in September 2000. BFC Dynamo finished the 2000–01 NOFV-Oberliga Nord in first place. BFC Dynamo striker Denis Kozlov became the top scorer in the league with 29 goals. The team faced 1. FC Magdeburg in the play-off for the Regionalliga Nord . However, two weeks before the first leg, it had become clear that the club was in major financial trouble. Players had not received their salaries for months and
19435-432: The nineteenth before halftime, the tide began to turn in the Germans' favor. The second half saw misses from the Hungarian team as well as a disallowed goal from Puskás with 2 minutes left. Rahn then scored again to make the score 3–2. As he was scoring the goal, the popular German reporter Herbert Zimmermann gave the most famous German piece of commentary of all time - "Rahn schiesst - TOR!" ("Rahn shoots - GOAL!") - while
19604-522: The other hand, were expected to work morning shifts and only be paid according occupational qualifications. The players in the football clubs were nominally employees of their sponsors. There were officially no professional players in East Germany until the late 1980s. Players were paid through their sponsors and the enterprises were then compensated by the DTSB for the release of players for trainings and matches. However, players in football clubs would in reality not be required to attend their workplaces. Of
19773-524: The penalty was correctly awarded and that the sanctions against Stumpf were unjustified. In an interview in 2000, Stumpf said: "The people have never understood, how this Leipzig game was used by the highest officials in the party and government." The benefit of controlling important matches in Western Europe might have put indirect pressure on the referees to take preventive measures, in so-called preventive obedience. In order pursue an international career,
19942-575: The players delegated from SG Dynamo Dresden were Johannes Matzen , Herbert Schoen and Günter Schröter . The team played its first match as SC Dynamo Berlin on 21 November 1954 against BSG Rotation Babelsberg in the 1954-55 DDR-Oberliga . Most players of the former SG Dynamo Dresden team had aged by the late 1950s. The team was now instead shaped by a new generation of players, including Martin Skaba , Werner Heine , Waldemar Mühlbächer , Hermann Bley and Konrad Dorner. SC Dynamo Berlin won its first trophy in
20111-610: The population) organized in over 31,000 football clubs. There is a league system , with the Bundesliga , 2. Bundesliga and 3. Liga on top. The winner of the Bundesliga is crowned the German football champion . Additionally, there are national cup competitions, most notably the DFB-Pokal (German Cup) and DFL-Supercup (German Supercup). The Germany national football team has won four FIFA World Cups ( 1954 , 1974 , 1990 , 2014 ), being
20280-573: The prestige of their regional district or organization. Teams were relocated and renamed, and players were delegated from one team to another, in accordance with political criteria or due to machinations of powerful political leaders or interest groups at regional district or central level. The German sports historian Hanns Leske has described a hierarchy among football clubs and sports communities in East German football. The access of football clubs and sports communities to young talents, as well as political and economic resources, depended on their rank in
20449-405: The prospect of a place at a university. The decision by the Secretariat of the SED Central Committee on 18 August 1965 to form football clubs was an attempt to get football back under the political and technical control of the DTSB in order to "ensure a considerable increase in performance in football". The new football clubs were meant to provide stability to the game at the top level and to supply
20618-679: The regional district management of the SED in East Berlin and local state-owned enterprises , such as VEB Kabelwerk Oberspree (KWO) and VEB Transformatorenwerk Oberschöneweide (TRO). However, 1. FC Union Berlin was still privileged compared to the numerous sports communities in East Germany. The club as a whole benefited from the East German sports system. The sixth category were enterprise sports communities (BSG) with financially strong sponsors. This category contained sports communities such as BSG Wismut Aue , BSG Chemie Leipzig , BSG Sachsengring Zwickau and BSG Energie Cottbus . The seventh category were other enterprise sports communities (BSG) between
20787-568: The relegation of their team were Eberhard Vogel , who was delegated to FC Carl Zeiss Jena after the relegation of FC Karl-Marx-Stadt in 1970, Reinhard Häfner , who was delegated to SG Dynamo Dresden after the relegaiton of FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt in 1971, and Joachim Streich , who was delegated to 1. FC Magdeburg after the relegation of FC Hansa Rostock in 1975. Streich had allegedly preferred to go to Jena, but had to join 1. FC Magdeburg. The focus clubs would also receive additional financial support from DTSB and other advantages. The DTSB tried to equip
20956-634: The right to delegate six students. The first focus clubs were FC Vorwärts Berlin, FC Carl Zeiss Jena, FC Karl-Marx-Staft and FC Hansa Rostock. However, FC-Karl-Marx-Stadt quickly fell out from the group. SG Dynamo Dresden and 1. FC Magdeburg were added a short time later. F.C. Hansa Rostock was then replaced by 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig at the end of 1973. The 1976 DFV Football Resolution then named six designated focus clubs. The selection now included BFC Dynamo, SG Dynamo Dresden, FC Vorwärts Frankfurt, FC Carl Zeis Jena, 1. FC Magdeburg and 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig. This selection of focus clubs would remain until
21125-668: The right to draw on talents within designated geographical and administrative areas. BFC Dynamo was initially assigned Bezirk Cottbus and one third of East Berlin as catchment area. BFC Dynamo was officially a club of the Ministry of the Interior and the club's official sponsor was the Volkspolizei . However, Honorary President Mielke was the head of the Stasi ; BFC Dynamo would eventually come to receive personal, organizational and financial support from
21294-545: The same group in the first round. Meeting on 22 June 1974 in a politically charged match in Hamburg, East Germany beat West Germany 1–0, on a goal by Jürgen Sparwasser . Both German teams advanced to the second round anyway. The GDR team was eliminated there, while the DFB team eventually went on to win the tournament. In the year of German reunification (1990), West Germany secured its third World Cup as West and East Germans celebrated together. The present-day Germany national team
21463-413: The same league system. The NOFV-Oberliga was now at third tier in the German football league system . Sweeper Heiko Brestrich returned the team in 1991. The team was also joined by defender Jens Reckmann from the youth department the same year. Reckmann would be one of the most capped players of FC Berlin in the 1990s. FC Berlin dominated the 1991-92 NOFV-Oberliga , but failed for the second season in
21632-462: The second footballer, after Mario Zagallo of Brazil, to become World Champion as a player (in 1974) and as team manager. In doing so, Beckenbauer also became the first captain of a winning team to later manage a winning squad. The 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in the United States (changed from China due to the SARS epidemic) and won by Germany, who defeated Sweden by 2–1 in extra time. Earlier in
21801-471: The second half of the league season, which set new record in the Verbandsliga Berlin. Kukulies became the top scorer in the league with 32 goals. Finally, the insolvency proceedings also came to a positive conclusion after a meeting with the creditors at the Charlottenburg District Court on 8 June 2004. Former player Christian Backs became the new coach in 2004. Key players on the team in
21970-422: The second half of the league season. Coach Backs was dismissed before Easter 2010 and former player Heiko Bonan took over as coach. BFC Dynamo also finished the 2009-10 NOFV-Oberliga Nord as runner-up. The team reached the final of the 2009-10 Berlin Cup. BFC Dynamo lost the final 2–1 against Berliner AK 07. 100-150 supporters of BFC Dynamo stormed the pitch after the final whistle. Forward Matthias Steinborn from
22139-513: The semifinals they had disposed of the defending champions and hosts, the United States , 3–0. Germany hosted the 2006 FIFA World Cup . Thirty-two nations competed in the tournament, with matches played in a dozen cities ranging from Hamburg in the north to Munich in the south; Leipzig was the only former East city to hold matches (the matches at Berlin were held at former West Berliner territory). The opening match ( Germany vs Costa Rica )
22308-707: The shootout 5–3. Germany defeated Portugal 3–1 in the third place play off at the Gottlieb-Daimler-Stadion in Stuttgart on 8 July. Miroslav Klose won the Golden Boot for the highest goalscorer of the tournament with 5 goals. Lukas Podolski received the Best Young Player Award . The 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in China and won by Germany, who became the first women's team to successfully defend
22477-405: The start of a season (22), most goals scored in one season under the current format (75) and the biggest win in the DDR-Oberliga in the last 30 years (10–0 against BSG Sachsenring Zwickau on the 17th matchday). Hans-Jürgen Riediger became second best goalscorer in the 1978-79 DDR-Oberliga with 20 goals. BFC Dynamo made its debut in the European Cup in 1979. The team reached the quarter-finals of
22646-531: The team during the winter break 1989–1990 and became the first player in the DDR-Oberliga to be transferred to the West German Bundesliga after the fall of the Berlin Wall. The Stasi was definitively dissolved on 13 January 1990 and thus BFC Dynamo lost a major sponsor. The East German Ministry of the Interior announced that it was only prepared to support the club until the end of the 1989–90 season and
22815-469: The team in 2003. BFC Dynamo also recruited forward Danny Kukulies from SC Pfullendorf the same year. The insolvency situation was complex. The club had 170 creditors and it was uncertain whether the insolvency proceedings would end successfully. BFC Dynamo eventually finished the 2003-04 Verbandsliga Berlin in first place and won promotion back to the NOFV-Oberliga Nord . The team won all 17 matches in
22984-461: The team with new players. Coach Bogs resigned in September 1993 and was replaced by Helmut Koch. FC Berlin managed to qualify for the new Regionalliga Nordost in 1994. The reinstated Regionalliga formed the new third tier. The 1994-95 Regionalliga Nordost involved new derbies against 1. FC Union Berlin and new matches against several other well-known opponents. FC Berlin struggled in the 1994-95 Regionalliga Nordost but managed to retain its place in
23153-471: The title. In the opening match in Shanghai , Germany beat Argentina by a record 11–0. Nadine Angerer , the key goalkeeper, went unbeaten the entire tournament. In the final at Shanghai, Germany beat Brazil , 2–0. Football club (East Germany) The football departments of the sports clubs ( German : Sportclub , SC) had dominated the DDR-Oberliga since the introductions of the sports club system in
23322-602: The umbrella of the DFB. With the rise of Nazism, left-leaning sporting associations such as the ATSB and Rotsport were banned. Communist sporting officials such as Ernst Grube, Reichstag deputy and head of Rotsport, were murdered in concentration camps. The DFB integrated as Fachamt Reichsfußball into the National Socialist League of the Reich for Physical Exercise . From 1933 to 1945 the highest level of play in German football
23491-506: The year . BFC Dynamo was drawn against West German champion SV Werder Bremen in the first round of the 1988-89 European Cup . BFC Dynamo sensationally won the first leg 3–0 at the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark. However, the team lost the return leg at the Weser-Stadion with 0–5. The return leg would become known as the second "Miracle on the Weser". BFC Dynamo defeated FC Karl-Marx-Stadt in
23660-729: The year before. Only football clubs finished in the top three in the DDR-Oberliga from 1968 to 1991. A DFV resolution in 1989 stipulated that a team that was qualified for a European competition had the right to sign a player from a non-qualified team for a period of at least half a year. A number of players would be signed on this basis until the autumn of 1989, such as Damian Halata from 1. FC Magdeburg to 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, Andreas Wagenhaus from Hallescher FC Chemie to SG Dynamo Dresden, Uwe Kirchner and Detlef Schößler from 1. FC Magdeburg to SG Dynamo Dresden, and Heiko Bonan from 1. FC Magdeburg to BFC Dynamo. Unauthorized financial incentives remained an issue in East German football until
23829-490: The youth department became a regular player in the team in 2010. The results in the 2010-11 NOFV-Oberliga Nord were mediocre, but the team had more success in the Berlin Cup. BFC Dynamo defeated SFC Stern 1900 2–0 in the final of the 2010–11 Berlin Cup. BFC Dynamo had thus won its first Berlin Cup title in 12 years and was qualified for the 2011–12 DFB-Pokal ; the victory in the cup was also worth 100,000 Euros in bonuses from
23998-436: The youth department were continuously integrated into the first team in the 1970s, such as Hans-Jürgen Riediger , Lutz Eigendorf , Norbert Trieloff and Bodo Rudwaleit . BFC Dynamo established itself as a top team in the DDR-Oberliga in the mid-1970s. 30-year-old Jürgen Bogs became the new coach in 1977. BFC Dynamo had developed a very successful youth academy. Numerous players from the youth department were integrated into
24167-510: Was adopted by the SED Politburo on 8 April 1969 and then by the Presidium of the DTSB on 22 April 1969. The resolution was based on the comprehensive sports policy document "Baseline for the Development of Performance sport in the GDR up until 1980" ( German : Grundlinie der Entwicklung des Leistungssports in der DDR bis 1980 ). The sports policy document has been adopted by the Secretariat of
24336-400: Was affiliated to sports association SV Dynamo . In order to establish a competitive side in Berlin, the team of SG Dynamo Dresden and its place in the DDR-Oberliga was transferred to the new sports club SC Dynamo Berlin. The relocation was designed to give the capital a team that could rival teams from West Berlin , such as Hertha BSC , which were still popular in East Berlin . Among
24505-469: Was allowed to take over the catchment area in East Berlin that had previously belonged to FC Vorwärts Berlin. The team would also get the opportunity to play more matches at the larger and more centrally located Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark in Prenzlauer Berg , which led to increased interest in the club and growing attendance numbers. BFC Dynamo stood out among other teams within SV Dynamo. The team
24674-461: Was also plagued by hooliganism which repeatedly made negative headlines. FC Berlin failed to qualify for the 2. Bundesliga and never progressed beyond third tier. Average attendance was only a couple of hundreds in the beginning of the 1990s. FC Berlin ran a large youth department which at one point cost 400,000 Deutsche Marks a year. At the end of 1996, the club had no money left in its bank accounts and Club President Volkmar Wanski would need to support
24843-404: Was awarded a 2–0 victory. The riots in the match against 1. FC Union Berlin in May 2006 threw the club into a new financial crisis. The club's finances were eventually saved by the sponsor Infinity-Net Telekom GmbH. The company's owner Peter Meyer became the new strong man in the club. A power struggle developed between main sponsor Meyer and President Weinkauf. Weinkauf was eventually dismissed in
25012-406: Was centered in the region of Franconia during the 1920s as 1. FC Nürnberg and SpVgg Fürth dominated the competition. In 1919, the proletarian Arbeiter-Turnbund was renamed Arbeiter-Turn- und Sportbund (ATSB). The name change especially reflected the incorporation of football into the federation, which promoted leftist political views and attempted to break the monopolisation of football under
25181-451: Was drawn against FK Partizan Belgrade in the second round of the 1983-84 European Cup . Players Falko Götz and Dirk Schlegel defected to West Germany during a shopping tour in Belgrade the day before the second leg. The talented 18-year old forward Andreas Thom from the youth department was given the chance to make his international debut in the match as a replacement for Götz. BFC Dynamo
25350-399: Was estimated to have debts of around 2,2 million Euros. The preferential claims of about 200,000 Euros seemed insurmountable, but supporters negotiated with creditors and received numerous waivers, and also raised thousands of Euros themselves. In addition, the new presidium around Peters gave a large financial contribution to the insolvency plan. Peters also committed to funding a large part of
25519-425: Was eventually eliminated by AS Roma in the quarter finals of 1983-84 European Cup. It was the fourth time in five seasons that BFC Dynamo had been eliminated in the European Cup by an eventual finalist; three times had BFC Dynamo been eliminated by the champion: Nottingham Forrest in 1979 , Aston Villa in 1981 and Hamburger SV in 1982 . BFC Dynamo captured its sixth consecutive league in 1984. Rainer Ernst became
25688-428: Was founded in 1966 from the football department of sports club SC Dynamo Berlin and became one of the most successful clubs in East German football, with numerous appearances in international football in the 1970s and 1980s. The club is the record champion of East Germany with ten consecutive league championships from 1979 through 1988. BFC Dynamo competes in the fourth tier Regionalliga Nordost . The club enjoys
25857-403: Was given the objective of producing a number of youth players who could be delegated to the focus club BFC Dynamo. However, the preference of focus clubs was gradually reduced by the DFV from 1983 and onwards. Football in East Germany was a contested sphere. Many political leaders took a keen interest in football and used their connections and resources to promote their favorite team and boost
26026-591: Was held on 9 June in the Allianz Arena in Munich , with Germany defeating Costa Rica 4–2. The final match took place in Olympiastadion Berlin one month later between Italy and France . The match was drawn 1–1 at full-time and after extra time. Zinedine Zidane was controversially sent off for headbutting Italy's Marco Materazzi with 10 minutes to go before the match went into penalties. France lost to Italy in
26195-417: Was immediately relegated to the 2. Bundesliga , but SG Dynamo Dresden remained in the Bundesliga until the 1994–95 season . VfB Leipzig then qualified for the 1993–94 Bundesliga as runners-up in the 1992-93 2. Bundesliga . Two former East German clubs were thus again playing in the Bundesliga in the 1993–94 season. However, VfB Leipzig finished that season's Bundesliga in last place and was relegated back to
26364-655: Was instead allocated to a politically hand-picked audience. BFC Dynamo defender Norbert Trieloff later said: "When we came out for that game, we realized something was wrong." The match ended 1–1, with a goal by Riediger. BFC Dynamo was eventually eliminated after a 2–0 defeat at the Volksparkstadion in the return leg. Key players on the team in the 1982–83 season were Bodo Rudwaleit , Christian Backs, Rainer Troppa , Frank Rohde, Frank Terletzki, Hans-Jürgen Riediger, Norbert Trieloff, Artur Ullrich , Michael Noack, Ralf Sträßer and Rainer Ernst. BFC Dynamo had come to dominate
26533-580: Was located at the frontline of the Cold War . It was also a representative of the East German capital. This meant that the club had to be well equipped. BFC Dynamo would get access to a nationwide scouting network, which included numerous training centers ( German : Trainingszentrum ) (TZ) of SV Dynamo across East Germany. BFC Dynamo would eventually be able to recruit young talented players from 38 training centers (TZ) across East Germany. By comparison, 1. FC Union Berlin only had access to 6 training centers (TZ) in
26702-433: Was once again the best goal scorer in the league. Frank Pastor was the second best goal scorer in the league with 22 goals. BFC Dynamo reached the 1985 FDGB-Pokal final , but was again defeated by SC Dynamo Dresden in the final. BFC Dynamo was in first place in the league before the winter break 1985–1986. The team faced 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig on the 18th matchday of the 1985-86 DDR-Oberliga . 1. FC Lokomotiv Leipzig led
26871-467: Was organised in 16 Gauligen , whose winners qualified for the finals in the German championship, held at the end of season. After the war, Germany was occupied in three states. The DFB and its team continued in what was called West Germany , while the Saarland and East Germany fielded separate teams for some years. The FIFA World Cup 1974 was staged in West Germany, and both German teams were drawn in
27040-442: Was played under the motto "Against violence and racism ". Before the match, Meyer publicly declared that "anyone who shouts nazi slogans will be thrown out of the stadium". BFC Dynamo recruited midfielder Christian Preiß in 2008. Norbert Uhlig was elected as the new club president in October 2008. BFC Dynamo was undefeated in the first ten matches of the 2008-09 NOFV-Oberliga Nord . However, all hopes of promotion were dashed after
27209-443: Was re-established in 2003 and SG Dynamo Dresden also reverted to its traditional name in 2007. Four former East German football clubs including SG Dynamo Dresden have played in the Bundesliga : F.C. Hansa Rostock, SG Dynamo Dresden, VfB Leipzig and 1. FC Union Berlin. F.C. Hansa Rostock and SG Dynamo Dresden qualified for the 1991–92 Bundesliga by finishing in first and second place in the 1990–91 NOFV-Oberliga . F.C. Hansa Rostock
27378-493: Was referee manipulation due to the immense pressure from the government and Ministry for State Security. That could have made some referees nervous and influenced their decisions. But we were the strongest team at the time. We didn't need their help." Falko Götz The picture that the success of BFC Dynamo relied upon referee bias is dismissed by former BFC Dynamo players and coaches. Some of them admit that there might have been cases of referee bias, but they all insist that it
27547-464: Was reflected in the use of personnel and other resources in the clubs. The neglect of others sports was one of the reasons for the decision to separate football from the sports clubs. An analysis by the DTSB during the summer of 1964 also showed that football in East Germany had fallen behind the rest of the world. East German football teams had only made small progress compared with the extraordinary development of world football since 1945. The DTSB and
27716-538: Was sacked after a protest against coach Goldbach. Brestrich had played 282 matches for the team between 1991 and 1999. Eventually, Jürgen Bogs returned for his third stint as coach in December 1999. Hans Reker became the new sports director in January 2000. Through Reker, BFC Dynamo finally got a promising main sponsor in the form of the software company Lipro AG. However, the struggle in the league continued and BFC Dynamo finished
27885-406: Was said to play his best in rainy weather. The Final saw the legendary Ferenc Puskás playing even though he was not fully fit. Despite this he put his team ahead after only 6 minutes and, with Zoltán Czibor adding another two minutes later, it seemed destined that the pre-tournament favourites would take the title. However, with a goal from Max Morlock on the tenth minute and Helmut Rahn on
28054-545: Was supported by Politburo member Werner Felfe. The fourth and fifth categories were designated football clubs without the support of any politburo member. The fourth category contained 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig, FC Karl-Marx-Stadt and FC Rot-Weiß Erfurt. However, 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig was a designated focus club and thus certainly had the best material conditions in the category. The fifth category consisted of 1. FC Union Berlin. 1. FC Union Berlin had initially been supported by Politburo member Herbert Warnke . Herbert Warnke
28223-505: Was the powerful chairman of the national state trade union FDGB . However, the club no longer had any support at the top of the political hierarchy after Herbert Warnke had passed away in 1975. Tisch became the new chairman of the FDGB after Warnke. He chose to give the support of the FDGB to F.C. Hansa Rostock instead. 1. FC Union Berlin would then be the least privileged among the designated football clubs. The club would have to rely on support of
28392-484: Was the thoroughness of their youth work and the quality of their play that earned them their titles. Former coach Jürgen Bogs has said: "You cannot postpone 26 matches in one season in the DDR-Oberliga. At that time we had the best football team". German author Steffen Karas claims that BFC Dynamo only scored nine match-deciding goals in the 86th minute or later, in the 218 matches it won or drew during its ten championship years. Supported by numerous training centers (TZ) of
28561-808: Was thus elevated into the upper tier of elite clubs. The ten football clubs were made into centers of excellence ( German : Leistungszentrum ) in East German football and were given the same rights a sports clubs. They were given permission to draw on the best players in the country. Promising players would be ordered to play for them. Liberal financial support from the DTSB and from large state-owned enterprises were meant to ensure their autonomy. The football clubs would have privileged access to talents within designated geographical and administrative areas. All football clubs were assigned one or two regional districts as catchments areas by their funding. The three football clubs in East Berlin also had access to one third each of East Berlin. The football clubs should take
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