Misplaced Pages

#612387

85-469: A group of four boys are building their own Frosty the Snowman , and in the spirit of the song, use a magic top hat to bring him to life, despite the warnings of one of the boys. The snowman quickly develops a psychopathic disposition, proceeding to kill one of the boys, Kenny, to the other boys' shock. The boys seek aid from what appears to be Santa Claus . He reveals himself to be Frosty and kills another of

170-550: A USB stick at concerts, which could be used to download a bootleg of the show. According to a 2012 report in Rolling Stone , many artists have now concluded that the volume of bootlegged performances on YouTube in particular is so large that it is counterproductive to enforce it, and they should use it as a marketing tool instead. Music lawyer Josh Grier said that most artists had "kind of conceded to it". Justin Bieber has embraced

255-529: A Uher 4000 reel to reel tape recorder specifically for recording the performances, smuggling them into the venues. The resulting bootleg, Live'r Than You'll Ever Be , was released shortly before Christmas 1969, mere weeks after the tour had finished, and in January 1970 received a rave review in Rolling Stone , who described the sound quality as "superb, full of presence, picking up drums, bass, both guitars and

340-529: A 4-CD set was released containing three and a half hours of recording sessions for the Beach Boys ' " Good Vibrations ", spanning seven months. The tightening of laws and increased enforcement by police on behalf of the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and other industry groups—often for peripheral issues such as tax evasion —gradually drove

425-485: A WGN-TV children's programming retrospective , along with their two other short Christmas classics, Suzy Snowflake and Hardrock, Coco and Joe . The short had previously been telecast annually on WGN's The Bozo Show , Ray Rayner and His Friends , and Garfield Goose , along with its two other companion cartoons. The three cartoons are also a tradition on WJAC-TV in Johnstown, Pennsylvania , which not only broadcasts

510-831: A commercial label would be unlikely to issue – perhaps most notoriously the 1962 recording of the Beatles at the Star-Club in Hamburg, which was bootlegged as The Beatles vs. the Third Reich (a parody of the early US album The Beatles vs. the Four Seasons ), or Elvis' Greatest Shit , a collection of the least successful of Elvis Presley 's recordings, mostly from film soundtracks. Bootleg collectors in this era generally relied on Hot Wacks , an annual underground magazine listing known bootlegs and information about recent releases. It provided

595-413: A group of children place a magical silk hat on his head. Frosty laughs and plays with the children until the hot sun threatens to melt him. After leading them through the village streets and running afoul of a traffic policeman, Frosty says goodbye to the children, reassuring them, "I'll be back again someday." It is generally regarded as a Christmas song , although Christmas itself is never mentioned in

680-548: A hotline for fans to report bootlegs and was frustrated that the FBI were not interested in prosecuting. The first set included As An Am Zappa , in which he can be heard complaining about bootleggers releasing new material before he could. Throughout their career, the Grateful Dead were known to tolerate taping of the live shows. There was a demand from fans to hear the improvisations that resulted from each show, and taping appealed to

765-493: A house orchestra, there would be demand for the original audio recording taken directly from the film. One example was a bootleg of Judy Garland performing Annie Get Your Gun (1950), before Betty Hutton replaced her early in production, but after a full soundtrack had been recorded. The Recording Industry Association of America objected to unauthorised releases and attempted several raids on production. The Wagern-Nichols Home Recordist Guild recorded numerous performances at

850-470: A late 1969 show, received a positive review in Rolling Stone . Subsequent bootlegs became more sophisticated in packaging, particularly the Trademark of Quality label with William Stout 's cover artwork. Compact disc bootlegs first appeared in the 1980s, and Internet distribution became increasingly popular in the 1990s. Changing technologies have affected the recording, distribution, and profitability of

935-450: A multi-track mixing console used to feed the public address system at a live performance. Artists may record their own shows for private review, but engineers may surreptitiously take a copy of this, which ends up being shared. As a soundboard recording is intended to supplement the natural acoustics of a gig, a bootleg may have an inappropriate mix of instruments, unless the gig is so large that everything needs to be amplified and sent to

SECTION 10

#1732870116613

1020-436: A selection of unreleased Dylan songs intended for distribution to music publishers and wondered if it would be possible to manufacture them on an LP. They managed to convince a local pressing plant to press between 1,000 and 2,000 copies discreetly, paying in cash and avoiding using real names or addresses. Since the bootleggers could not commercially print a sleeve, due to it attracting too much attention from recording companies,

1105-539: A sentient piece of feces, which later became Mr. Hankey . After bootleg distribution of the short made it a viral phenomenon, it caught the attention of Comedy Central , which hired the pair to develop the series. South Park eventually premiered on Comedy Central in August 1997 to immediate success. This version of The Spirit of Christmas features a more established setting, which is explicitly named South Park; and Stan, Kyle, Cartman and Kenny are referred to by name for

1190-490: A successful transition to an age of digital distribution, "unique" (in 2009) among music labels. In the 21st century, artists responded to the demand for recordings of live shows by experimenting with the sale of authorized bootlegs made directly from the soundboard, with a superior quality to an audience recording. Metallica , Phish and Pearl Jam have regularly distributed instant live bootlegs of their concerts. In 2014, Bruce Springsteen announced he would allow fans to purchase

1275-400: A three-minute animated short which appears regularly on WGN-TV . This production included a bouncy, jazzy a cappella version of the song and a limited animation style reminiscent of UPA's Gerald McBoing-Boing . The short, filmed entirely in black-and-white , has been a perennial WGN-TV Christmas classic, and was broadcast on December 24 and 25, 1955, and every year since, as part of

1360-503: A while, stalls at major music gatherings such as the Glastonbury Festival sold mass copies of bootleg soundboard recordings of bands who, in many cases, had played only a matter of hours beforehand. However, officials soon began to counteract this illegal activity by making raids on the stalls and, by the end of the 1980s, the number of festival bootlegs had consequently dwindled. One of the most critically acclaimed bootlegs from

1445-504: Is a popular version, featuring in Rolling Stone' s list of "The Greatest Rock & Roll Christmas Songs". The song has been covered as an instrumental by the Canadian Brass , with founder Charles Daellenbach taking on the persona of Frosty, and repeatedly calling "One more time!" ("You know what happens when Frosty gets 'hot'"), and then starting to collapse ("I think he's melting" -- "You know what happens when Frosty gets hot"). It

1530-518: Is mocked by Stan and Cartman. Their arguing is interrupted when Jesus appears, asking them to lead him to the mall, where they find Santa Claus . Jesus is angry with Santa because he feels he diminishes the memory of Jesus' birthday with his presents. Santa, insistent that Christmas is a time for giving, rouses Jesus into fighting him, claiming that "there can be only one". Their fight causes large-scale destruction that kills various bystanders, including Kenny. Jesus pins Santa down, and each of them asks

1615-425: Is presents, and Kyle remarks that Jewish children receive presents for eight days during Hanukkah . Intrigued, the other boys decide to become Jews as well, and the three leave the scene as rats gather near Kenny's corpse. In 1995, after seeing the 1992 film, Fox executive Brian Graden commissioned Parker and Stone to create a similar film as a video Christmas card that he could send to friends. The short film

1700-419: Is prohibited, Fripp's music company Discipline Global Mobile (DGM) sells concert recordings as downloads, especially "archival" recordings from the concerts' mixing consoles . With an even greater investment of sound engineering , DGM has released "official bootlegs", which are produced from one or more fan bootlegs. DGM's reverse engineering of the distribution-networks for bootlegs helped it to make

1785-422: Is referenced in the season six episode " Simpsons Already Did It ". In the episode, Tweek Tweak is reluctant to complete a snowman out of fear that it will come to life and kill him, to which Stan replies, "Dude, when has that ever happened except for that one time?" The boys are singing " We Wish You a Merry Christmas " when Stan points out that Kyle is Jewish. Kyle then starts to sing the " Dreidel Song ", but

SECTION 20

#1732870116613

1870-584: Is the live bootleg, often an audience recording, which is created with sound recording equipment smuggled into a live concert. Many artists and live venues prohibit this form of recording, but from the 1970s onwards the increased availability of portable technology made such bootlegging easier, and the general quality of these recordings has improved over time as consumer equipment becomes sophisticated. A number of bootlegs originated with FM radio broadcasts of live or previously recorded live performances. Other bootlegs may be soundboard recordings taken directly from

1955-560: The South Park The Hits: Volume 1 DVD. Short clips of both films are used in the original version of the series' theme song. It was also included as a VHS recording in AVI format on the first 100,000 pressings of Tiger Woods '99 for PlayStation . It is accessible from the game disc by PC in a file named "ZZDUMMY.DAT." This unauthorized use caused the game to be recalled in January 1999 by Electronic Arts . Avenging Conscience

2040-561: The Ultra Rare Trax series of bootlegs, featuring studio outtakes of the Beatles, showed that digital remastering onto compact disc could produce a high-quality product that was comparable with official studio releases. Following the success of Ultra Rare Trax , the 1990s saw an increased production of bootleg CDs, including reissues of shows that had been recorded decades previously. In particular, companies in Germany and Italy exploited

2125-476: The E Street Band recorded numerous concerts for radio broadcast in the 1970s, which resulted in many Springsteen bootlegs. Some bootleggers noticed rock fans that had grown up with the music in the 1960s wanted rare or unreleased recordings of bands that had split up and looked unlikely to reform. For instance, the release of Golden Eggs , a bootleg of outtakes by the Yardbirds had proven to be so popular that

2210-666: The Metropolitan Opera House , and openly sold them without paying royalties to the writers and performers. The company was sued by the American Broadcasting Company and Columbia Records (whom at the time held the official rights to recordings made at the opera house), who obtained a court injunction against producing the record. Saxophone player and Charlie Parker fan Dean Benedetti famously bootlegged several hours of solos by Parker at live clubs in 1947 and 1948 via tape and disc recordings. Benedetti stored

2295-599: The University of Colorado under the Avenging Conscience moniker. Prior to this, Parker and Stone ran camera tests, during which they made impressions of children's voices, which were later used in South Park . Near the end of the semester, Parker conceived The Spirit of Christmas after watching a series of films with Stone. The film, created with construction paper and filmed with an old 8 mm film camera, premiered during

2380-479: The Uruguay Round Agreements Act (URAA, PL 103-465) in 1994, as well as by state law. The federal bootleg statute does not pre-empt state laws, which also apply both prior to and since the passage of the federal bootleg statute. The US v. Martignon case challenged the constitutionality of the federal bootleg statute, and in 2004, U.S. District Judge Harold Baer Jr. struck down the part banning

2465-496: The fourth season episode " A Very Crappy Christmas ". The episode revolves around the boys creating a Christmas card to raise the townspeoples' spirits during a bleak Christmas season, using a similar method of animation to the short films. Some lines of dialogue from Jesus vs. Santa are reused verbatim, and clips from the film are used later in the episode. Jesus vs. Santa received a Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for best animation in 1996. The film can be found on

2550-495: The 1970s the bootleg industry in the United States expanded rapidly, coinciding with the era of stadium rock or arena rock . Vast numbers of recordings were issued for profit by bootleg labels such as Kornyfone and TMQ. The large followings of rock artists created a lucrative market for the mass production of unofficial recordings on vinyl , as it became evident that more and more fans were willing to purchase them. In addition,

2635-464: The 1970s, particularly the bootleg Spunk , a series of outtakes by the Sex Pistols . It received a good review from Sounds ' Chas de Whalley, who said it was an album "no self-respecting rock fan would turn his nose up" at. The 1980s saw the increased use of audio cassettes and videotapes for the dissemination of bootleg recordings, as the affordability of private dubbing equipment made

The Spirit of Christmas (short films) - Misplaced Pages Continue

2720-407: The 1980s is The Black Album by Prince . The album was to have been a conventional major-label release in late 1987, but on 1 December, immediately before release, Prince decided to pull the album, requiring 500,000 copies to be destroyed. A few advance copies had already shipped, which were used to create bootlegs. This eventually led to the album's official release. Towards the end of the 1980s,

2805-473: The Convention states that: Authors of literary and artistic works protected by this Convention shall have the exclusive right of authorising the reproduction of these works, in any manner or form. ... Any sound or visual recording shall be considered as a reproduction for the purposes of this Convention. This means a composer has performing rights and control over how derivative works should be used, and

2890-454: The December 1992 student film screening. The film features four children very similar in appearance to three of the four main characters of South Park , including a character resembling Eric Cartman named Kenny, a hooded boy resembling Kenny McCormick who was not named, and two other boys similar in appearance and voice to Stan Marsh and Kyle Broflovski , who also were not named. The film

2975-539: The LP was issued in a plain white cover with Great White Wonder rubber stamped on it. Subsequently, Dylan became one of the most popular artists to be bootlegged with numerous releases . When the Rolling Stones announced their 1969 American tour , their first in the U.S. for several years, an enterprising bootlegger known as "Dub" decided to record some of the shows. He purchased a Sennheiser 805 "shotgun" microphone and

3060-602: The Snowman movie announcement was made without his permission and accused Warner Bros. of releasing the story in order to distract from Fisher's comments. Bootleg recording A bootleg recording is an audio or video recording of a performance not officially released by the artist or under other legal authority. Making and distributing such recordings is known as bootlegging . Recordings may be copied and traded among fans without financial exchange, but some bootleggers have sold recordings for profit, sometimes by adding professional-quality sound engineering and packaging to

3145-451: The Snowman was announced to be in development at Warner Bros. and Stampede Ventures, with Jason Momoa voicing the titular snowman, Jon Berg and Greg Silverman producing alongside Geoff Johns , Roy Lee and Momoa, and David Berenbaum writing the screenplay. Following Ray Fisher 's accusation of mistreatment on the set of Justice League , Momoa defended Fisher and claimed that the Frosty

3230-530: The Who, inspired the official album Odds And Sods , which beat the bootleggers by issuing unreleased material, while various compilations of mid-1960s bands inspired the Nuggets series of albums. According to the enthusiast and author Clinton Heylin , the concept of a bootleg record can be traced back to the days of William Shakespeare , when unofficial transcripts of his plays would be published. At that time, society

3315-563: The acoustic and electric sets, more than any bootleg had done. In 2002, Dave Matthews Band released Busted Stuff in response to the Internet-fuelled success of The Lillywhite Sessions , which they had not intended to release. Queen released 100 bootlegs for sale as downloads on their website, with profits going to the Mercury Phoenix Trust . Although the recording of concerts by King Crimson and its guitarist Robert Fripp

3400-583: The artist; a study of Bruce Springsteen fans showed 80% felt some bootlegs were essential purchases despite owning every official release. Springsteen has said he understands why fans buy bootlegs, but dislikes the market due to the lack of quality control and making profit over pleasing fans. Frank Zappa hated bootlegs and wished to control his recordings, so he created the Beat the Boots! boxed sets, each containing LPs that were direct copies of existing bootlegs. He set up

3485-571: The band's general community ethos. They were unique among bands in that their live shows tended not to be pressed and packaged as LPs, but remained in tape form to be shared between tapers. The group were strongly opposed to commercial bootlegging and policed stores that sold them, while the saturation of tapes among fans suppressed any demand for product. In 1985, the Grateful Dead, after years of tolerance, officially endorsed live taping of their shows, and set up dedicated areas that they believed gave

The Spirit of Christmas (short films) - Misplaced Pages Continue

3570-484: The best sound recording quality. Other bands, including Pearl Jam , Phish and the Dave Matthews Band tolerate taping in a similar manner to the Grateful Dead, provided no profit is involved. Because of the questionable legality of bootlegs, fans have sometimes simply dubbed a bootleg onto tape and freely passed it onto others. Many recordings first distributed as bootleg albums were later released officially by

3655-625: The bootlegger had managed to interview the band's Keith Relf for the sequel, More Golden Eggs . Archive live performances became popular; a 1970 release of Dylan's set with the Hawks (later to become the Band ) at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in 1966 (incorrectly assumed to be the Royal Albert Hall for years) was critically and commercially successful owing to the good sound quality and

3740-429: The bootlegging industry. The copyrights for the music and the right to authorise recordings often reside with the artist, according to several international copyright treaties . The recording, trading and sale of bootlegs continues to thrive, even as artists and record companies release official alternatives. The word bootleg originates from the practice of smuggling illicit items in the legs of tall boots, particularly

3825-408: The boys to help them. The boys hesitate and wonder, "What would Brian Boitano do?" Boitano appears before the boys and delivers a speech about how Christmas should be about being good to one another. The boys tell the fighters of Boitano's message, and they apologize to each other in shame. They thank the boys for helping them and forgive each other. The boys realize that the true meaning of Christmas

3910-453: The boys. The two remaining boys run away toward a Nativity scene. Jesus emerges from the scene and defeats Frosty by slicing off his hat with his halo. After Jesus returns to the scene, the two boys realize the purported "true" meaning of Christmas : presents. A Goat sniffs on Kenny's corpse, as the boys return to their homes to find presents hidden by their parents. In 1992, Parker and Stone created The Spirit of Christmas while attending

3995-683: The cartoons on their station, but also makes them available on their website. In 1969, Rankin/Bass Productions produced a 25-minute television special, Frosty the Snowman , featuring the animation of Japanese studio Mushi Production , and the voices of comedians Jimmy Durante as the narrator (who also sings a version of the song), Billy De Wolfe as Professor Hinkle and Jackie Vernon as Frosty. Paul Frees and June Foray both also voice characters including Karen and Santa Claus in this animated special produced and directed by Arthur Rankin Jr. and Jules Bass and designed by Mad artist Paul Coker . This

4080-463: The concert's historical importance. In Los Angeles there were a number of record mastering and pressing plants that were not "first in line" to press records for the major labels, usually only getting work when the larger plants were overloaded. These pressing plants were more than happy to generate income by pressing bootlegs of dubious legality. Sometimes they simply hid the bootleg work when record company executives would come around (in which case

4165-620: The copyright holder. Provided the official release matches the quality of the bootleg, demand for the latter can be suppressed. One of the first rock bootlegs, containing John Lennon 's performance with the Plastic Ono Band at the 1969 Toronto Rock and Roll Revival , was released officially as Live Peace in Toronto 1969 by the end of the year, effectively ending sales of the bootleg. The release of Bob Dylan's 1966 Royal Albert Hall concert on Vol. 4 of his Bootleg Series in 1998 included both

4250-482: The demand for and profitability of physical bootlegs. The rise of audio file formats such as MP3 and Real Audio , combined with the ability to share files between computers via the internet, made it simpler for collectors to exchange bootlegs. The arrival of Napster in 1999 made it easy to share bootlegs over a large computer network. Older analog recordings were converted to digital format, tracks from bootleg CDs were ripped to computer hard disks, and new material

4335-541: The desk. Some bootlegs consist of private or professional studio recordings distributed without the artist's involvement, including demos , works-in-progress or discarded material. These might be made from private recordings not meant to be widely shared, or from master recordings stolen or copied from an artist's home, a recording studio or the offices of a record label , or they may be copied from promotional material issued to music publishers or radio stations, but not for commercial release. A theme of early rock bootlegs

SECTION 50

#1732870116613

4420-462: The digital piracy era, with its songs since remaining on YouTube. Lana Del Rey 's 2006 demo album Sirens leaked on YouTube in 2012. In 2010, YouTube removed a 15-minute limit on videos, allowing entire concerts to be uploaded. The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works has protected the copyrights on literary, scientific, and artistic works since 1886. Article 9 of

4505-434: The distributors of for-profit vinyl and CD bootlegs further underground. Physical bootlegging largely shifted to countries with laxer copyright laws, with the results distributed through existing underground channels, open-market sites such as eBay , and other specialised websites. By the end of the decade, eBay had forbidden bootlegs. The late 1990s saw an increase in the free trading of digital bootlegs, sharply decreasing

4590-477: The ease with which Napster circumvented traditional channels of royalty payments. The video sharing website YouTube became a major carrier of bootleg recordings. YouTube's owner, Google, believes that under the "safe-harbor" provision of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA), it cannot be held responsible for content, allowing bootleg media to be hosted on it without fear of a lawsuit. As

4675-413: The first time. There is also a character similar in appearance to Wendy Testaburger sitting on Santa's lap. The film also establishes recurring elements that later appear in the series, such as Cartman's antisemitism and rats consuming Kenny's corpse. The film reportedly had a budget of $ 750, with Parker and Stone keeping the remainder of their $ 1,000 commission. The film's development is reflected in

4760-480: The huge crowds which turned up to these concerts made the effective policing of the audience for the presence of covert recording equipment difficult. Led Zeppelin quickly became a popular target for bootleggers on the strength and frequency of their live concerts; Live on Blueberry Hill , recorded at the LA Forum in 1970, was sufficiently successful to incur the wrath of manager Peter Grant . Bruce Springsteen and

4845-463: The late 1980s, containing 1960s recordings. In the US, bootlegs had been a grey area in legality, but the 1976 Copyright Act extended copyright protection to all recordings, including "all misappropriated recordings, both counterfeit and pirate". This meant bootleggers would take a much greater risk, and several were arrested. Bootlegs have been prohibited by federal law (17 USC 1101) since the introduction of

4930-503: The layman can create "official" looking CDs. With the advent of the cassette and CD-R , however, some bootlegs are traded privately with no attempt to be manufactured professionally. This is even more evident with the ability to share bootlegs via the Internet. Bootlegs should not be confused with counterfeit or unlicensed recordings, which are merely unauthorised duplicates of officially released recordings, often attempting to resemble

5015-505: The lyrics. The action supposedly takes place in White Plains, New York , or Armonk, New York ; Armonk has a parade dedicated to Frosty annually. The song was quickly covered by many artists including Jimmy Durante , Nat King Cole and Guy Lombardo . The versions by Nat King Cole and Guy Lombardo also reached the American charts. A Phil Spector -produced 1963 cover by The Ronettes

5100-488: The more relaxed copyright laws in those countries by pressing large numbers of CDs and including catalogs of other titles on the inlays, making it easier for fans to find and order shows direct. Similarly, relaxed copyright laws in Australia meant that the most serious legal challenge to unauthorised releases were made on the grounds of trademark law by Sony Music Entertainment in 1993. Court findings were in favour of allowing

5185-471: The official product as closely as possible. Some record companies have considered that any record issued outside of their control, and for which they do not receive payment, to be a counterfeit, which includes bootlegs. However, some bootleggers are keen to stress that the markets for bootleg and counterfeit recordings are different, and a typical consumer for a bootleg will have bought most or all of that artist's official releases anyway. The most common type

SECTION 60

#1732870116613

5270-539: The printed label could show the artist and song names) and other times secrecy required labels with fictitious names. For example, a 1974 Pink Floyd bootleg called Brain Damage was released under the name the Screaming Abadabs, which was one of the band's early names. Because of their ability to get records and covers pressed unquestioned by these pressing plants, bootleggers were able to produce artwork and packaging that

5355-445: The production of multiple copies significantly easier. Cassettes were also smaller, easier to ship, and could be sold or traded more affordably than vinyl. Cassette culture and tape trading , propelled by the DIY ethic of the punk subculture , relied on an honor system where people who received tapes from fellow traders made multiple copies to pass on to others within the community. For

5440-485: The raw material. Bootlegs usually consist of unreleased studio recordings, live performances or interviews without the quality control of official releases. Bootlegs reached new popularity with Bob Dylan 's Great White Wonder , a compilation of studio outtakes and demos released in 1969 using low-priority pressing plants. The following year, the Rolling Stones ' Live'r Than You'll Ever Be , an audience recording of

5525-437: The recording source and copyright status were hard to determine. Although unofficial and unlicensed recordings had existed before the 1960s, the very first rock bootlegs came in plain sleeves with the titles rubber stamped on them. However, they quickly developed into more sophisticated packaging, in order to distinguish the manufacturer from inferior competitors. With today's packaging and desktop publishing technology, even

5610-405: The recordings and they were only rediscovered in 1988, over thirty years after Benedetti had died, by which time they had become a "jazz myth." Most of these recordings were later released officially on Mosaic Records in the 1990s. The first popular rock music bootleg resulted from Bob Dylan 's activities between largely disappearing from the public eye after his motorcycle accident in 1966, and

5695-460: The release of John Wesley Harding at the end of 1967. After a number of artists had hits with Dylan songs that he had not officially released himself, demand increased for Dylan's original recordings, particularly when they started airing on local radio in Los Angeles . Through various contacts in the radio industry, a number of pioneering bootleggers managed to buy a reel-to-reel tape containing

5780-508: The release of unauthorised recordings clearly marked as "unauthorised". The updated GATT 1994 agreement soon closed this so-called "protection gap" in all three aforementioned countries effective 1 January 1995. By this time, access to the Internet was increasing, and bootleg review sites began to appear. The quality control of bootlegs began to be scrutinised, as a negative review of one could adversely harm sales. Bootlegs began to increase in size, with multi-CD packages being common. In 1999,

5865-457: The rights are retained at least 50 years after death, or even longer. Even if a song is a traditional arrangement in the public domain , performing rights can still be violated. Where they exist, performers rights may have a shorter duration than full copyright; for example, the Rome Convention sets a minimum term of twenty years after the performance. This created a market for bootleg CDs in

5950-636: The sale of bootleg recordings of live music, ruling that the law unfairly grants a seemingly perpetual copyright period to the original performances. In 2007, Judge Baer's ruling was overruled, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit found that the anti-bootlegging statute was within the power of Congress. Record companies have described bootlegs as "grey area, live recordings", describing them as "semi-condoned". Research into bootleg consumers found that they are committed fans of

6035-503: The second film, it was renamed to Krankin-Brass Productions (a parody of Rankin-Bass Productions ), and finally, Braniff Airlines (a name taken from the defunct Braniff airlines). Frosty the Snowman " Frosty the Snowman " is a popular winter song written by Walter "Jack" Rollins and Steve Nelson , and first recorded by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in 1950 and later recorded by Jimmy Durante in that year. It

6120-537: The smuggling of alcohol during the American Prohibition era. The word, over time, has come to refer to any illegal or illicit product. This term has become an umbrella term for illicit, unofficial, or unlicensed recordings, including vinyl LPs, silver CDs, or any other commercially sold media or material. The alternate term ROIO (an acronym meaning "Recording of Indeterminate/Independent Origin") or VOIO (Video...) arose among Pink Floyd collectors, to clarify that

6205-436: The technology to host videos is open and available, shutting down YouTube may simply mean the content migrates elsewhere. An audience recording of one of David Bowie 's last concerts before he retired from touring in 2004 was uploaded to YouTube and received a positive review in Rolling Stone . Bilal 's unreleased second album, Love for Sale , leaked in 2006 and became one of the most infamously bootlegged recordings during

6290-527: The true information on bootlegs with fictitious labels, and included details on artists and track listings, as well as the source and sound quality of the various recordings. Initially, knowledge of bootlegs and where to purchase them spread by word of mouth. The pioneering bootlegger Rubber Dubber sent copies of his bootleg recordings of live performances to magazines such as Rolling Stone in an attempt to get them reviewed. When Dylan's record company, Columbia Records objected, Rubber Dubber counteracted he

6375-467: The vocals beautifully ... it is the ultimate Rolling Stones album". The bootleg sold several tens of thousands of copies, orders of magnitude more than a typical classical or opera bootleg, and its success resulted in the official release of the live album Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out! later in the year. "Dub" was one of the founders of the Trade Mark of Quality (TMOQ or TMQ) bootleg record label. During

6460-424: Was a story based on the discovery of Frosty the Snowman. Three sequels followed: Frosty Returns (1992) is a sequel to the original song, set in a separate fictional universe from the other specials, with John Goodman as the voice of Frosty defending the value of snow against Mr. Twitchell ( Brian Doyle-Murray ), the maker of a snow-removal spray. On July 1, 2020, a live-action film adaptation of Frosty

6545-568: Was also covered by the Hampton String Quartet on their inaugural album, What if Mozart Wrote 'Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas' . It was also recorded by American Brass . The song has also been covered (with lyrics) by the band Cocteau Twins ; the cover was released on their 1993 EP Snow . It was also covered by the Jackson 5 and appears on the Jackson 5 Christmas Album . The song

6630-408: Was completed by December 1995 and Graden initially distributed the video to eighty friends. After The Spirit of Christmas became popular, Parker and Stone began to develop the characters and setting into an animated series titled South Park , and Fox was the first network they pitched the project to. After negotiations with Stone and Parker, Fox declined the series due to one of its characters being

6715-501: Was covered and released as the first single of Tarja Turunen 's third Christmas album and ninth studio album, Dark Christmas . Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. In 1950, Little Golden Books published Frosty the Snow Man as a children's book, adapted by Annie North Bedford and illustrated by Corinne Malvern . In 1950, the UPA studio brought "Frosty" to life in

6800-473: Was created with digital recording of various types; all of these types could now be easily shared. Instead of album-length collections or live recordings of entire shows, fans often now had the option of searching for and downloading bootlegs of songs. Artists had a mixed reaction to online bootleg sharing; Bob Dylan allowed fans to download archive recordings from his official website, while King Crimson 's Robert Fripp and Metallica were strongly critical of

6885-506: Was formed by Parker, Stone, and two other students at the University of Colorado. They named the company after the D.W. Griffith film of the same title , which both had seen and actively disliked. It was formed to produce The Spirit of Christmas (1992) and Cannibal! The Musical (1993). Since then, three more projects were produced by Avenging Conscience: The Spirit of Christmas (1995), Orgazmo , and The Book of Orgazmo . Later on for

6970-447: Was not particularly interested in who had authored a work. The "cult of authorship" was established in the 19th century, resulting in the first Berne Convention in 1886 to cover copyright. The US did not agree to the original terms, resulting in many "piratical reprints" of sheet music being published there by the end of the century. Film soundtracks were often bootlegged. If the officially released soundtrack had been re-recorded with

7055-399: Was simply putting fans in touch with the music without the intermediary of a record company. Throughout the 1970s most bootleg records were of poor quality, with many of the album covers consisting of nothing more than cheap photocopies . The packaging became more sophisticated towards the end of the decade and continued into the 1980s. Punk rock saw a brief entry into the bootleg market in

7140-497: Was to copy deleted records , such as old singles and B-sides, onto a single LP, as a cheaper alternative to obtaining all the original recordings. Strictly speaking, these were unlicensed recordings, but, because the work required to clear all the copyrights and publishing of every track for an official release was considered to be prohibitively expensive, the bootlegs became popular. Some bootlegs, however, did lead to official releases. The Who's Zoo bootleg, collecting early singles by

7225-471: Was written after the success of Autry's recording of " Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer " the previous year. Rollins and Nelson shopped the new song to Autry, who recorded "Frosty" in search of another seasonal hit. Like "Rudolph", "Frosty" was subsequently adapted to other media including a popular television special . The song's lyrics describe the adventures of Frosty, a snowman who comes to life after

#612387