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105-434: ANDS was established in 2008 in order to help address the challenges of storing, managing and making accessible Australia's research data. It was a joint collaboration between Monash University , The Australian National University and CSIRO . It manages Research Data Australia , a web portal which enables access to data from over 100 Australian research organisations, cultural institutions, and government agencies. Nectar

210-469: A Jewish service, and a 17-gun salute, he was buried in Brighton General Cemetery . In a final sign of humility, despite his achievements, honours and titles, he instructed that his tombstone simply bear the words "John Monash". He was survived by his daughter, Bertha (1893–1979). According to British historian A. J. P. Taylor , Monash was "the only general of creative originality produced by

315-522: A degree from Monash University after the sale. The reason for the sale was reported low profitability and enrollment numbers. Prior to the sale, Monash University had sidelined the South African campus on its official websites and did not refer to it as a 'campus' unlike Monash Malaysia. Monash announced its second Southeast Asian expansion in Indonesia as it officially obtained its operational license from

420-593: A larger degree his success – in the harshest experience the young nation had suffered – shaped that tolerance and demonstrated to Australians that the Australian character was diverse, multi-ethnic and a blend of the traditions of the "bush" and the "city" . According to author Colin MacInnes , as recounted by Monash's biographer, Geoffrey Serle, Monash's "presence and prestige...made anti-Semitism...impossible in Australia". He

525-508: A larger scale than most. Today, around 30% of its students are from outside Australia. Monash students come from over 100 countries, and speak over 90 different languages. The increase in international students, combined with the university's expansion, meant that Monash's income greatly increased throughout the 1990s, and it is now one of Australia's top 200 exporters. In recent years, the university has been prominent in medical research. A highlight of this came in 2000, when Alan Trounson led

630-649: A leading part in his profession and became president of the Victorian Institute of Engineers and a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers , London. Monash joined the university company of the militia in 1884, and he became a lieutenant in the North Melbourne battery on 5 April 1887. He was promoted to captain in 1895 and in April 1897 was promoted to major and given command of the battery. On 7 March 1908, he

735-487: A man brought up by cultivated German parents who had arrived in Australia barely two years before John's birth, Monash spoke, read, and wrote German fluently. However, from 1914 until his death, he had no good reason to attract attention to his German background. In 1874, the family moved to the small town of Jerilderie in the Riverina region of New South Wales , where his father ran a store. Monash later claimed to have met

840-585: A newly-created department to carry out the repatriation of Australian troops from Europe. In August 1919, while in London, Monash wrote The Australian Victories in France in 1918 which was published in 1920. "It was propaganda, but not far off the truth." and "(it) laid the groundwork for the popular narrative of 'Monash- the-war-winner.'" Monash was, nevertheless, a noted advocate of the co-ordinated use of infantry , aircraft , artillery and tanks . As he wrote in

945-535: A period of training, in April, the brigade took part in the Gallipoli campaign against the Turks . Assigned the role of divisional reserve, Monash came ashore early on 26 April. The brigade initially defended the line between Pope's Hill and Courtney's Post , and the valley behind this line became known as "Monash Valley". There he made a name for himself with his independent decision-making and his organisational ability. He

1050-564: A period with the Melbourne Harbor Trust , in 1894 he entered into partnership with J. T. N. Anderson as consultants and contractors. When the partnership was dissolved in 1905 he joined with the builder David Mitchell and industrial chemist John Gibson to form the Reinforced Concrete & Monier Pipe Construction Co, and in 1906 with them and businessmen from South Australia , to form the S. A. Reinforced Concrete Co. He took

1155-488: A pharmacist after successful completion of a supervised internship and registration exams in the final year. The Bachelor of Pharmaceutical Science replaced the Bachelor of Formulation Science in 2007 and the Bachelor of Medicinal Chemistry in 2008. High achieving students may enrol in a double degree, combining a Bachelor of Engineering and a Bachelor of Pharmaceutical Science. The campus also offers postgraduate degrees, including

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1260-403: A philosophy of "collective individualism". And finally, he, along with staff officer Thomas Blamey , forcefully demonstrated the benefit of thorough planning and integration of all arms of the forces available, and of all of the components supporting the front line forces, including logistical, medical and recreational services. Troops later recounted that one of the most extraordinary things about

1365-542: A presence in the area since 1994, the first Monash Berwick campus building was completed in 1996 and the third building in March 2004. It was situated on a 55-hectare site in the City of Casey , then one of the three fastest growing municipalities in Australia. Monash announced the closure of this campus to staff and students on 7 March 2016. On 15 July 2016 it was announced that Federation University Australia would take responsibility for

1470-746: A prime reason. Funding was provided through the Australian Government's National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), as part of a funding agreement between the Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research (DIISR) and Monash University in September 2008. In mid-2009 ANDS was further funded by the Education Investment Fund (EIF) for the establishment of the Australian Research Data Commons under

1575-762: A research and teaching centre in Prato , Italy, a graduate research school in Mumbai , India and graduate schools in Suzhou , China and Tangerang , Indonesia. Courses are also delivered at other locations, including South Africa. Monash is home to major research facilities, including the Monash Law School , the Australian Synchrotron , the Monash Science Technology Research and Innovation Precinct (STRIP),

1680-524: Is a hub of undergraduate and postgraduate studies in Nursing, Health Science, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychology – and particularly in Emergency Health (Paramedic) courses. The campus is located in the bayside suburb of Frankston on the edge of Melbourne. Peninsula campus also offers a range of courses including those from its historic roots with early childhood and primary education (during

1785-580: Is a member of Australia's Group of Eight research universities, a member of the ASAIHL , and is the only Australian member of the M8 Alliance of Academic Health Centers, Universities and National Academies . Monash is one of the Australian universities to be ranked in the École des Mines de Paris ( Mines ParisTech ) ranking on the basis of the number of alumni listed among CEOs in the 500 largest worldwide companies. Established by an Act of Parliament in 1958,

1890-547: Is also home to numerous restaurants and retail outlets, as well as student bars Sir John's (located in the Campus Centre) and the Notting Hill Hotel (located down the street, founded in 1891), both of which are hubs of social life on the campus. The campus is also home to a number of halls of residence, colleges and other on-campus accommodation that house several thousand students. Six halls of residence are located at

1995-442: Is also honoured in a Cantata for chorus, soloists and orchestra called Peace – A Cantata for John Monash by composer/conductor Dr David Ian Kram. Since 2013, there has been a movement to posthumously promote Monash to the rank of field marshal . Monash would be the fourth person, and only second Australian-born person, to hold this rank. The movement was led by Tim Fischer , former Australian Deputy Prime Minister and author of

2100-517: Is chair of the university council and provides advice to the vice-chancellor, as well as having ceremonial duties. Council is the governing body of the university, established by the Monash University Act 2009 . Margaret Gardner was named as the vice-chancellor and president on 1 September 2014, the first woman to hold the position. After Gardner was appointed Governor of Victoria in 2023, Susan Elliott AM took over as interim VC, until

2205-630: Is currently home to over 8,489 (2018) students. The new purpose-built campus opened in 2007, providing a high-tech home for Monash in Malaysia. In addition to a wide range of undergraduate degrees, the campus also offers both postgraduate Masters and PhD programs. Its degrees in Medicine and Surgery are the first medical degrees outside Australia and New Zealand to be accredited by the Australian Medical Council. The Monash University Prato Centre

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2310-579: Is located in BSD City , Tangerang , Banten . As part of the university's expansion in the 1990s, Monash took over the operations of the Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education in 1990. The commitment to regional higher education on the part of the university was a progressive and bold step, however, the operation of the Gippsland campus was always fraught with some tension between the priorities of

2415-581: Is located in the 18th-century palace, Palazzo Vaj, in the historic centre of Prato , a city near Florence in Italy. Primarily, it hosts staff and students from Monash's other campuses for semesters in Law, Art Design & Architecture, History, Music, and Criminology as well as various international conferences. It was officially opened on 17 September 2001 as part of the university's vigorous internationalisation policy. The IITB-Monash Research Academy opened in 2008 and

2520-562: Is probably a mistake as he was almost certainly born on 27 June. He was the first child of Louis Monash and his wife Bertha, née Manasse, who had arrived in Melbourne on the Empire of Peace on 5 June 1864. He was born to Jewish parents, both from Krotoschin in the Prussian province of Posen (now Krotoszyn, Poland); the family name was originally spelt Monasch and pronounced with the emphasis on

2625-459: Is situated in Mumbai , India. It is a partnership between Monash and the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay . It aims to carry out high impact research in engineering and sciences, particularly clean energy, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Students undertake their research in both India and Australia, with supervisors from both Monash and IITB. Upon graduating, they receive a dual PhD from

2730-761: Is the first Australian university, and the third foreign university, to win a licence to operate in China. The school offers master's degrees and PhDs in science and engineering, with an initial cohort of 500 students, building up to 2000 in the years to come. The Monash University, Indonesia opened its doors in October 2021, focusing on postgraduate programs offering master's degree and PhDs . Currently they open several Master's degree programs including: Data Science , Cybersecurity, Urban Design , Business Innovation, and Public Policy & Management, Marketing & Digital Communications, Public Health, and Sustainability. The campus

2835-517: The Australian Imperial Force was formed, he was appointed as the commander of the 4th Infantry Brigade , which consisted of four battalions : the 13th , 14th , 15th and 16th . His appointment was met with some protest within the military, in part due to his German and Jewish ancestry, but Monash was supported by numerous high-ranking officers, including James Legge , James McCay and Ian Hamilton , and his appointment stood. When

2940-525: The Australian National University (ANU) and CSIRO created the basis for full ANDS implementation. The aim was to allow researchers "to identify, locate, access and analyse any available research data", by transforming the large number of scattered and disparate collections around Australia into a cohesive and accessible body of resources, with the importance of eResearch Infrastructure to Australian future research competitiveness emphasised as

3045-491: The Australian Stem Cell Centre , Victorian College of Pharmacy , and 100 research centres and 17 co-operative research centres. In 2019, its total revenue was over $ 2.72 billion (AUD), with external research income around $ 462 million. In 2019, Monash enrolled over 55,000 undergraduate and over 25,000 graduate students. It has more applicants than any other university in the state of Victoria. Monash

3150-548: The Clayton campus in Clayton, Victoria . There is an additional private residential college affiliated with the university. The Clayton campus contains the Robert Blackwood Hall , named after the university's founding chancellor Sir Robert Blackwood and designed by Sir Roy Grounds . The Caulfield campus is Monash University's second-largest. Its multifaceted nature is reflected in the range of programs it offers through

3255-718: The Croix de Guerre , the Belgians appointed him a Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown ( Grand-Officier Ordre de la Couronne ) and awarded him the Croix de Guerre , and the United States awarded him the Distinguished Service Medal . The Australian Government honoured Monash with promotion to the full rank of general explicitly "in recognition of his long and distinguished service with

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3360-465: The First Battle of Passchendaele , with some successes, but with the usual heavy casualties. The British High Command was impressed by Monash and according to biographer Geoffery Serle, while dining with Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig , Monash was informed that Haig "wanted him as a corps commander". Monash's division spent the winter of 1917–1918 around Ploegsteert. Early the following year, after

3465-703: The Gallipoli campaign . In July 1916 he took charge of the newly raised 3rd Division in northwestern France and in May 1918 became commander of the Australian Corps , at the time the largest corps on the Western Front . According to A. J. P. Taylor he was "the only general of creative originality produced by the First World War". Monash was born in 58 Dudley Street, West Melbourne, Victoria . His birth certificate records his date of birth as 23 June 1865, however this

3570-532: The Hindenburg Line by 5 October, and the war was essentially over. On 5 October, Prinz Max von Baden , on behalf of the German Government, asked for an immediate armistice . By the end of the war, Monash had acquired an outstanding reputation for intellect, personal magnetism, management and ingenuity. He also won the respect and loyalty of his troops: his motto was "Feed your troops on victory". Monash

3675-549: The Jerilderie Shire Council unanimously adopted the "Jerilderie Proposition", calling on the Australian Government to promote Monash: Following on the outstanding contribution of Sir John Monash to state and nation before, during and after World War I and reflecting the fact that Sir John Monash received no Australian awards or honours post 11 November 1918, the Prime Minister approve by government gazette publication

3780-558: The Latrobe Valley town of Churchill , 142 km east of Melbourne on 63 hectares of landscaped grounds. Until 2014 it was the only non-metropolitan campus of Monash University. The campus offered many undergraduate degrees, attracting students from the Latrobe Valley , East and West Gippsland . Ballarat University joined with Monash University Gippsland campus to form a new regional university known as Federation University Australia from 1 January 2014. As of that date, Monash began

3885-556: The Ministry of Education and Culture on 1 December 2020. The university plans to open its campus doors in October 2021, located in BSD City , Tangerang, Banten. Unlike Monash Malaysia, Monash Indonesia will focus on graduate studies. The Clayton campus covers an area over 1.1 km and is the largest of the Monash campuses. Clayton is the flagship campus for Monash, demanding higher ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank) scores than all

3990-486: The bushranger Ned Kelly during his raid there in 1879. Monash attended the state school and his intelligence was recognised. The family was advised to move back to Melbourne to let John reach his full potential, which they did in 1877. Although his parents had largely abandoned religious practice, Monash celebrated his Bar Mitzvah at the East Melbourne Hebrew Congregation and sang in its choir. He

4095-658: The 1960s and 1970s the campus was the State Teachers' College), and Business & Economics (since the merger of the State Teachers' College with the Caulfield Institute of Technology to create the Chisholm Institute of Technology in 1982). The campus was also home to the Peninsula School of Information Technology, which in 2006 was wound back with Information Technology units previously offered being relocated to

4200-633: The 3,350 it had begun the campaign with. On 21 August, Monash led them in an attack on Hill 60 , before it was withdrawn from the peninsula for rest. While the brigade recuperated on Lemnos , Monash took leave in Egypt, where he learned of his appointment as a Companion of the Order of the Bath . In November, the 4th Brigade returned to Gallipoli, occupying a "quiet sector" around Bauchop's Hill. Monash used his engineering knowledge to improve his brigade's position to withstand

4305-486: The 50,000 core National Research Cloud, known as the Nectar Cloud, with approximately 20,000 users. The three organisations created an aligned set of investments and business plans in 2017/8 in order to integrate their work in line with the 2016 National Research Infrastructure (NCRIS) Roadmap, created for the Department of Education and Training . Monash University remains the lead agent of ANDS, University of Queensland

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4410-626: The AIF underwent a period of reorganisation and expansion. This process resulted in the 4th Brigade being split and providing a cadre of experienced personnel to form the 12th Brigade . It was also reassigned to the 4th Division . After a period of training, Monash's brigade undertook defensive duties along the Suez Canal . On 25 April 1916, the first anniversary of the landing at Gallipoli, while at Tel-el-Kebir, Monash and his men solemnly observed Anzac Day . Monash distributed red ribbons to soldiers present at

4515-762: The Allies, the first decisive win for the British Army of the war, causing the Germans to recognise that for them the War was lost. The defeated German leader, General Erich Ludendorff , described it in the following words: "August 8th was the black day of the German Army in the history of the war". These operations were just a start of a broad Allied offensive across the Western Front. On 12 August 1918, at Château de Bertangles , Monash

4620-488: The Australian Corps under Monash, Canadian Corps under Sir Arthur Currie , British III Corps under Butler and British Cavalry Corps under Kavanagh), attacked the Germans. The Australian Corps sprearheaded the allied attack. Monash gave them, as a key objective in the first phase, the capture of enemy artillery, in order to minimize the potential harm to the attacking forces. The battle was a strong, significant victory for

4725-472: The Australian Corps were Australia's Official War Correspondent and later Official Historian, Charles Bean, and journalist Keith Murdoch, although historian Justin Chadwick has written that Bean was one of many of that view. Bean had reservations about Monash's 'ideals'. and was said to have a general prejudice against Monash's Prussian Jewish background. According to Kelly, Bean's core motivation at that time

4830-660: The Australian Government’s Super Science Initiative. Research Data Australia (formerly the ANDS Collections Registry ), ANDS' most significant service, is a web portal which enables access to data from over 100 Australian research organisations, cultural institutions, and government agencies. The Online Research Collections Australia ( ORCA ) Registry was the software utility that drove the ANDS Collections Registry, which

4935-474: The Australian military forces on Armistice Day 11 November 1929. On 14 April 2018, Neil James, Executive Director of the Australian Defence Association, suggested that posthumously promoting Monash was unnecessary and "would demean his record." James also wrote that the campaign to do so highlighted the problem of "emotive mythology about our military history." He pointed out that Harry Chauvel

5040-520: The Australian military forces" on 11 November 1929. In October 1918, towards the end of the war, Australian War Historian, Charles Bean, had urged Prime Minister William Hughes to cause a plan of repatriation to be drawn up by the AIF and to put Monash in charge of it. Soon after the cessation of hostilities in November 1918, Hughes requested that Monash return to London to take up the appointment as Director-General of Repatriation and Demobilisation, heading

5145-666: The Battle of Hamel on 4 July 1918, Monash, with the support of the British 4th Army commander Sir Henry Rawlinson , commanded the 4th Australian Division, supported by the British 5th Tank Brigade, along with a detachment of American troops, to win a small but operationally significant victory for the Allies . On 8 August 1918, the Battle of Amiens was launched. Allied troops under the command of Haig, predominantly Rawlinson's British 4th Army (consisting of

5250-399: The Battle of Hamel was not the use of armoured tanks, nor the tremendous success of the operation, but the fact that in the midst of battle Monash had arranged delivery of hot meals up to the front line. In recognition of his enduring influence, Monash's face is on Australia's highest value currency note ( $ 100 ). Monash's success in part reflected the tolerance of Australian society, but to

5355-445: The Berwick Campus from 2017 pending government approvals. This officially commenced on 1 January 2018, as a campus of Federation University Australia . In August 2013, Monash University announced it had entered a partnership that will enable its South African presence to grow and enhance its educational offering. The partnership is with Laureate International Universities. Monash and Laureate finalised terms to transfer ownership of

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5460-609: The Caulfield campus. The centrally located Monash Law City Campus houses the postgraduate Faculty of Law. It provides teaching for the Monash Law Masters and JD programmes. This campus is well placed within Melbourne's legal precinct, allowing students to have easy access to the surrounding courts. The Monash University Malaysia campus opened in 1998 in Bandar Sunway , Selangor , Malaysia. The Sunway campus offers various undergraduate degrees through its faculties of Arts and Social Sciences, Business, Engineering, Information Technology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacy and Science. It

5565-529: The Clayton campus. Since December 2011, Monash has had a global alliance with the University of Warwick in the United Kingdom. In 2014, the university ceded its Gippsland campus to Federation University . On 15 July 2016, Monash confirmed that Federation University Australia would take over the operations of the Berwick campus prior to the end of 2018. In 2019, the university sold its Monash South Africa campus to Advtech . Students who were on schedule to complete their degree on time would still receive

5670-402: The Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Clinical Pharmacy. Considered a world-class faculty, it was ranked first in the world in pharmacy and pharmacology in the 2022 QS World University Rankings by Subject, surpassing Harvard University and the University of Oxford, which ranked second and third, respectively. The Peninsula campus has a teaching and research focus on health and wellbeing, and

5775-418: The First World War." Monash's impact on Australian military thinking was significant in three areas. First, he was the first Australian to fully command Australian forces and he took, as following Australian commanders did, a relatively independent line with his British superiors. Second, he promoted the concept of the commander's duty to ensure the safety and well-being of his troops to a pre-eminent position in

5880-419: The Germans launched their Spring Offensive , the 3rd Division was deployed to undertake defensive operations around Amiens. Throughout April and May, the division undertook several peaceful penetration operations. Monash later described the recapture of the town of Villers-Bretonneux on 25 April 1918 after the Germans had overrun the 8th British Division under General William Heneker as the turning-point of

5985-622: The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, which contains the Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine and the Department of Forensic Medicine. The Parkville campus is located on Royal Parade in the Melbourne suburb of Parkville , around 2 km north of the Melbourne CBD . The campus is home to the Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. The faculty specialises in pharmacy practice, pharmaceutical and formulation science, and medicinal chemistry. The campus offers Australia's first combined, 5-year Bachelor of Pharmacy/Master of Pharmacy program, leading to registration as

6090-494: The appointment of Sharon Pickering in February 2024, as 10th vice-chancellor and president of the university. Simon McKeon AO was appointed chancellor in 2016, and as of 2024 is still in the position. Deputy Chancellors are Megan Clark AC, Peter Young AM KC, and John Simpson AM. Monash is divided into 10 faculties. These incorporate the university's major departments of teaching and research centres. The faculties are: Various other academic organisations exist alongside

6195-404: The best general on the western front in Europe". For his services during the war, and in addition to his creation as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, Monash was appointed as a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1919. He also received numerous foreign honours – the French appointed him a Grand Officer of the Légion d'honneur and awarded him

6300-403: The book, Maestro John Monash: Australia's Greatest Citizen General , and supported by other Australian Members of Parliament including Josh Frydenberg and Cathy McGowan . According to Fischer, Monash was denied promotion during his life due to discrimination, including as a result of his German-Jewish ancestry and his status as a reservist rather than professional soldier. In October 2015,

6405-412: The book: ... the true role of infantry was not to expend itself upon heroic physical effort, not to wither away under merciless machine-gun fire, not to impale itself on hostile bayonets , nor to tear itself to pieces in hostile entanglements—(I am thinking of Pozières and Stormy Trench and Bullecourt , and other bloody fields)—but on the contrary, to advance under the maximum possible protection of

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6510-403: The campus to the Independent Institute of Education (IIE) South Africa in 2015. The transfer was concluded in 2019. The vice-chancellor is the chief executive of the university, who is head of Monash's day-to-day activities. The vice-chancellor is also the university president of Monash. (In North America and parts of Europe, the equivalent role is the president or principal.) The chancellor

6615-423: The capture of Hill 971, the highest point on the Sari Bair range. On the evening of 6/7 August, the brigade launched its attack, but poor maps, heavy resistance and the mountainous terrain defeated them. Elsewhere, the offensive also stalled, resulting in disaster for the last co-ordinated effort to defeat the Turkish forces on the Gallipoli Peninsula. By mid-August, Monash's brigade was down to just 1,400 men out of

6720-445: The faculties and research centres. John Monash General Sir John Monash , GCMG , KCB , VD ( / ˈ m ɒ n æ ʃ / ; 27 June 1865 – 8 October 1931) was an Australian civil engineer and military commander of the First World War . He commanded the 13th Infantry Brigade before the war and then, shortly after its outbreak, became commander of the 4th Brigade in Egypt, with whom he took part in

6825-407: The faculties of Arts, Art Design & Architecture (MADA), Business & Economics, Information Technology and Medicine, and Nursing and Health Sciences. A major building program has been announced to expand teaching facilities, provide student accommodation, and redevelop the shopping centre. Located in The Alfred Hospital , Monash University's Alfred campus houses the Central Clinical School and

6930-414: The first contingent of Australian troops, the 1st Division , sailed in October, the 4th Brigade remained behind. Training was undertaken at Broadmeadows, Victoria , before embarking in December 1914. After arriving in Egypt in January 1915, Monash's brigade established itself at Heliopolis , where it was assigned to the New Zealand and Australian Division under Major General Alexander Godley . After

7035-467: The first landing and blue ribbons to those who came later. In June 1916, Monash and his command were transferred to the Western Front , being sent to the front around Armentières . On 10 July, Monash was promoted to major general and placed in command of the Australian 3rd Division . He trained the division in England with attention to detail, and after the division was sent to the Western Front in November 1916, including Messines , Broodseinde , and

7140-488: The form of prisoners, guns and stores, the fruits of victory. He returned to Australia on 26 December 1919 to an enthusiastic welcome. Monash was promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant-general on 1 January 1920 and returned to the reserves. Shortly after his return, on 27 February 1920, Monash's wife, Vic, died of cervical cancer. Monash had cheated on his wife, with a Lizette Bentwitch. The two planned on getting married but Monash's daughter put her foot down to stop

7245-462: The front, before the Battle of Hamel , prepared to replace Monash – but, after consulting with senior officers, and after seeing the superb power of planning and execution displayed by Monash, he changed his mind. In the Official History, Charles Bean noted that Monash was more effective the higher he rose within the Army. His depth of knowledge not only of military matters, but also of engineering and business, ensured that his operational plans were

7350-454: The junction. Later, Monash worked in prominent civilian positions, the most notable being head of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) from October 1920. He was also vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne from 1923 until his death eight years later. Monash was a founding member of the Rotary Club of Melbourne, Australia's first Rotary Club , and served as its second president (1922–1923). In 1927, he became president of

7455-463: The larger one. The young John was sent to St Stephen's School on Docker's Hill in Richmond, and he was remembered as a bright and alert schoolboy with a special interest in English, some skill in drawing, a keen sense of fun, and no interest whatsoever in organised sport. At home his mother taught him piano, and encouraged him to read to her in English, French and German. The family spoke German as their native language . As might have been expected from

7560-526: The largest and most internationalised Australian university. Expansion of the university began in 1990 with a series of mergers between Monash, the Chisholm Institute of Technology, and the Gippsland Institute of Advanced Education. In 1991 a merger with the Victorian College of Pharmacy created a new faculty of the university. This continued in 1994, with the establishment of the Berwick campus . In 1998,

7665-567: The late 1960s, several student organisations, some of which were influenced by or supporters of communism, turned their focus to Vietnam, with numerous blockades and sit-ins. In one extraordinary event that came to be known as the Monash Siege, students forced then Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser to hide in a basement at the Alexander Theatre, in a major protest over the Whitlam dismissal . In

7770-489: The late 1970s and 1980s, some of Monash's most publicised research came through its pioneering of in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Led by Carl Wood and Alan Trounson , the Monash IVF Program achieved the world's first clinical IVF pregnancy in 1973. In 1980, they delivered the first IVF baby in Australia. This eventually became a massive source of revenue for the university at a time when university funding in Australia

7875-706: The lead agent of RDS, and University of Melbourne the lead agent of Nectar. Monash University Monash University ( / ˈ m ɒ n æ ʃ / ) is a public research university based in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia. Named after World War I general Sir John Monash , it was founded in 1958 and is the second oldest university in the state. The university has a number of campuses, four of which are in Victoria ( Clayton , Caulfield , Peninsula , and Parkville ), one in Malaysia and another one in Indonesia. Monash also has

7980-406: The maximum possible array of mechanical resources, in the form of guns, machine-guns, tanks, mortars and aeroplanes; to advance with as little impediment as possible; to be relieved as far as possible of the obligation to fight their way forward; to march, resolutely, regardless of the din and tumult of battle, to the appointed goal; and there to hold and defend the territory gained; and to gather in

8085-472: The metropolitan-centred campuses at Clayton and Caulfield versus the needs and aspirations of the regional one. The Gippsland campus was designed in order to provide courses via distance education. Between 2005 and 2010, many of these programs were transferred to city campuses, thus losing their appeal to regional areas. At its peak enrolment in 2007, the campus was home to 2,000 on-campus students, 5,000 off-campus students and nearly 400 staff. The campus sits in

8190-528: The newly founded Zionist Federation of Australia and New Zealand. He was called upon by the Victorian Government of Harry Lawson in 1923 to organise "special constables" to restore order during the 1923 Victorian Police strike . He was one of the principal organisers of the annual observance of ANZAC Day and oversaw the planning for Melbourne's monumental war memorial, the Shrine of Remembrance . Monash

8295-442: The original campus was in the suburb of Clayton where the university was granted an expansive site of 100 hectares of open land. The 100 hectares of land consisted of farmland and included the former Talbot Epileptic Colony. The Tudor-style farmhouse built by the O'Shea family became the original Vice-Chancellor's House - now University House. From its first intake of 357 students at Clayton on 13 March 1961,

8400-454: The other campuses, with the exception of Parkville. Clayton is home to the faculties of Arts, Business & Economics, Education, Engineering, IT, Law, Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science and Science. The Clayton campus has its own suburb and postcode (3800). Various major scientific research facilities are located on or adjacent to the campus. Chief among these are the Australian Synchrotron and CSIRO . The campus

8505-515: The posthumous promotion of one step in rank of General Sir John Monash to the rank of Australian field marshal, with effect 11 November 1930, one year after Sir John Monash was eventually promoted to the rank of general. In fact, Monash was recognised after November 1918 by the Australian Government, and was promoted to the full rank of general by the Prime Minister James Scullin in recognition of his long and distinguished service with

8610-411: The process of teaching out its courses at Gippsland with only a medical school presence to remain after the merger. The former Berwick campus of Monash University was built on the old Casey airfield in the south-eastern growth corridor of Victoria, Australia. The town of Berwick has experienced an influx of people and development in recent times, which includes the new campus of Monash University. With

8715-434: The product of meticulous preparation and thorough and rigorous scrutiny. Bean later wrote of his own 'high intentioned but ill-judged intervention' and that 'those who took action (relating to Monash's appointment) did so as I afterwards realised, without adequate appreciation of Monash, who, though his reputation as a front line soldier had been poor, was never the less a much greater man than most of us then thought.' At

8820-469: The rules by which his juniors had strictly to adhere." Later, in a long diary-letter sent home by Monash and known by him to be illegal in Army terms, Monash implied that he was "one of the very last off Gallipoli" whereas "he had left for the beach nearly five hours before the last. It was a clumsy deception as so many people knew the facts." Following the withdrawal from Gallipoli, Monash returned to Egypt where

8925-583: The second syllable. The young family soon relocated from Dudley St to larger premises on the nearby Victoria Parade, before moving to a third rental property in Church St Richmond. In 1873 Bertha received a large inheritance from her mother, with which she purchased two houses, a large one in Yarra St Hawthorn, and a smaller one in Clifton St Richmond, residing in the smaller one and renting out

9030-401: The team of scientists which announced to the world that nerve stem cells could be derived from embryonic stem cells, a discovery which led to a dramatic increase in interest in the potential of stem cells . It has also led to Monash being ranked in the top 20 universities in the world for biomedicine. On 21 October 2002 Huan Yun "Allen" Xiang , shot two people dead and injured five others on

9135-538: The troops dealt a stunning blow to five German divisions, drove the enemy from one of its key positions in France, and took 2,600 prisoners at a cost of slightly over 3,000 casualties.' Monash had 208,000 men under his command, including 50,000 inexperienced Americans. Monash planned the attack on the German defences in the Battle of the Hindenburg Line between 16 September and 5 October 1918. The Allies eventually breached

9240-587: The two institutions. In the month following its official opening, 36 joint projects had commenced, with a further several hundred planned. In August 2015 Christopher Pyne, Australian Minister for Education and Training, officially opened the new Monash-IITB Research Academy Building in Mumbai, India. In 2012, it was announced that Monash had won a licence to develop a joint graduate school with Southeast University (Nanjing) in Suzhou , Jiangsu Province. The Southeast University-Monash University Joint Graduate School

9345-502: The university grew rapidly in size and student numbers so that by 1967 its all-times enrollment reached 21,000 students. In its early years, it offered undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in engineering, medicine, science, arts, economics, politics, education, and law. It was a major provider for international student places under the Colombo Plan , which saw the first Asian students enter the Australian education system. The university

9450-604: The university opened the Malaysia campus , its first overseas campus and the first foreign university in Malaysia . In 2001, Monash South Africa opened its doors in Johannesburg, making Monash the first foreign university in South Africa. The same year, the university secured an 18th-century Tuscan palace to open a research and teaching centre in Prato , Italy. At the same time, Australian universities faced unprecedented demand for international student places, which Monash met on

9555-466: The war. Sir Thomas William Glasgow 's 13th Brigade, and Harold Elliott's 15th Brigade, were both heavily involved in the operation. On 1 June 1918, the promotion of Monash to lieutenant general and commander of the Australian Corps , at the time the largest individual corps on the Western Front, was confirmed. Monash's promotion was not without contention. Among those who considered and advocated for Major General Brudenell White to have command of

9660-434: The winter, and he worked to improve the conditions that his troops would have to endure, but in mid-December the order to evacuate the peninsula came. Monash's time on Gallipoli and his departure from it were not, however, without controversy for reasons unrelated to the fighting. While on Gallipoli he "wrote very freely to his wife revealing much current information" and "opened himself to the criticism that he would not keep

9765-510: Was beginning to slow down. In the late 1980s, the Dawkins Reforms changed the landscape of higher education in Australia. Under the leadership of Vice-Chancellor Mal Logan , Monash transformed dramatically. In 1988, Monash University had only one campus in Clayton , with around 15,000 students. Just over a decade later, it had 8 campuses (including 2 overseas), a European research and teaching centre, and more than 50,000 students, making it

9870-521: Was born in 1893. Monash had previously engaged in an affair with Annie Gabriel, the wife of one of his colleagues, which ended as an active matter after his conscious choice of 'Vic' for marriage (though communication continued many years afterwards). He worked as a civil engineer , and played a major role in introducing reinforced concrete to Australian engineering practice. He initially worked for private contractors on bridge and railway construction, and as their advocate in contract arbitrations. Following

9975-511: Was educated under Alexander Morrison at Scotch College, Melbourne , where he passed the matriculation examination when only 14 years of age. At age 16, he was dux of the school. He graduated from the University of Melbourne : a Master of Engineering in 1893; a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws in 1895, and a Doctor of Engineering in 1921. On 8 April 1891, Monash married Hannah Victoria Moss (1871–1920), and their only child, Bertha,

10080-552: Was established in 2009 by the Australian Government , with the project directorate to establish the IT infrastructure at the University of Melbourne created in 2011. The Research Data Services project provides service development for prioritised areas of research, and continuing operational support of the IT infrastructure which accesses the data in the national collections. A project led by Monash University in collaboration with

10185-554: Was established in 2009 by the Australian Government with a A$ 47 million budget, as part of the "Super Science" initiative, financed by the Education Investment Fund (EIF). Since then it has received more government funding, as well as a similar investment by Australian universities and research institutions. The project got off the ground in 2011 at the University of Melbourne. It partners with other research communities to develop and manage 12 virtual laboratories , 16 e-research tools, and

10290-455: Was honoured with numerous awards and decorations from universities and foreign governments. According to his biographer Geoffrey Serle: "[i]n the 1920s Monash was broadly accepted, not just in Victoria, as the greatest living Australian". Monash died in Melbourne on 8 October 1931 from a heart attack, and he was given a state funeral. An estimated 300,000 mourners, the nation's largest funeral crowd to that time, came to pay their respects. After

10395-471: Was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath by King George V . The Australians then achieved under Monash a series of victories against the Germans at Chuignes , Mont St Quentin , Peronne and Hargicourt . Of the battle of Mt St Quentin and the subsequent taking of the town of Peronne, Charles Bean was to write in the Official History that 'the dash, intelligence, and persistence of

10500-478: Was named after the prominent Australian general Sir John Monash . This was the first time in Australia that a university had been named after a person, rather than a city or state. From the mid-1960s to the early 1970s, Monash became the centre of student radicalism in Australia. It was the site of many mass student demonstrations, particularly concerning Australia's role in Vietnam War and conscription . By

10605-636: Was precursor to Research Data Australia. They were all used as names for the online discovery service run by ANDS, which allows researchers to publicise the existence of their research data and enables prospective users of that data to find it. Research Data Australia made use of the ISO 2146 -based RIF-CS metadata standard. The Research Data Services project is a continuation of the Research Data Storage Infrastructure ( RDSI ). The National Collaboration Tools and Resources project, or Nectar,

10710-549: Was promoted to brigadier general in July, although the news was marred by spiteful rumours that were passed in Cairo, Melbourne and London about him being a "German spy". His promotion was gazetted in September, with effect from 15 September 1914. During the August offensive that was launched by the Allies to break the deadlock on the peninsula, Monash's brigade was to conduct a "left hook" to

10815-453: Was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the intelligence corps. He was given command of the 13th Infantry Brigade in 1912, and was promoted colonel on 1 July 1913. When the First World War broke out in August 1914, Monash became a full-time army officer, accepting an appointment as the chief censor in Australia. Monash did not enjoy the job, and was keen for a field command. In September, after

10920-419: Was regarded with great respect by the British – a British captain on the staff of William Heneker 's 8th Division described Monash as "a great bullock of a man... though his manners were pleasant and his behaviour far from rough, I have seen few men who gave me such a sensation of force... a fit leader for the wild men he commanded". Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery later wrote: "I would name Sir John Monash as

11025-499: Was that Brudenell White's appointment was in the best interest of the AIF, and that it would be a big mistake for White to leave the Australian Corps and go with Birdwood to the British Fifth Army. Historian Burness noted that Bean did recognise Monash's ability and was not concerned that he should be promoted, but he considered Brudenell White was better fitted to command the fighting corps. In this climate Hughes arrived at

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