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63-592: The Australia Davis Cup team is the second most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup , winning the coveted title on 28 separate occasions, second behind the United States with 32. Australia also participated in winning the Davis Cup six times with New Zealand under the alias Australasia (1905–1922). While Australia and New Zealand have been two separate countries, the two countries did compete together under

126-494: A bye in the first round of the INZ challenger rounds. In 1966 , the "Europe Zone" was split into two zones, "Europe Zone A" and "Europe Zone B", so the winners of the four zones competed in the INZ challenger rounds. From 1950 to 1967 , Australia dominated the competition, winning the Cup 15 times in 18 years. Beginning in 1972 , the format was changed to a knockout competition , so that

189-481: A combined team from Australia and New Zealand that competed together until 1914 . The competition was initially titled the International Lawn Tennis Challenge although it soon became known as the Davis Cup , after Dwight Davis' trophy. The Davis Cup competition was initially played as a challenge cup. All teams competed against one another for the right to face the previous year's champion in

252-437: A nation has a winning 3–1 lead after the first reverse single match and that match has gone to four sets or more, then the remaining reverse single match which is a dead rubber is not played. All five rubbers are played if one nation has a winning 3–0 lead after the doubles match. Ties are played at a venue chosen by one of the competing countries. The right of choice is given on an alternating basis. Therefore, countries play in

315-467: A properly sanctioned match, but failed to do so. He nevertheless tried to entice top international (particularly British) talent to the U.S. and sanctioned semi-official tours of the top American players to Great Britain. Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and the United States on the tennis front had strengthened such that, by the mid-1890s, reciprocal tours were staged annually between players of

378-573: A team as Rafael Nadal and Fernando Verdasco missed two ties each. Spain played the Czech Republic , which previously eliminated first-seeded Argentina . The final was held in home ground again, where they hadn't lost a tie since 1999 . Spain swept the Czechs 5–0 at Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona, behind great performances from David Ferrer and Rafael Nadal to claim their second consecutive title, and

441-463: Is 24. However, the distribution among the three zones may vary each year, according to the number of nations promoted or relegated between Group One and the World Group. The number of nations in the World Group and Group One together is 22 from Euro/Africa Zone, 9 from Americas Zone and 9 from Asia/Oceania Zone. As in other cup competitions tie is used in the Davis Cup to mean an elimination round. In

504-505: Is played as the best of five matches (4 singles, 1 doubles). The ITF determines the host countries for all possible matchups before each year's tournament. The World Group is the top group and includes the world's best 18 national teams. Teams in the World Group play a four-round elimination event. Teams are seeded based on a ranking system released by the ITF, taking into account previous years' results. The defending champion and runner-up are always

567-666: The 2011 Davis Cup World Group play-offs , where it received a home tie against seeded Switzerland . Played on grass at the Royal Sydney Golf Club in Sydney, Australia, Australia lost to Switzerland 3–2. Australia began its 2012 Davis Cup again in the Asia/Oceania playoffs. Australia easily beat for China in the first round with a 5–0 victory and South Korea in the semifinals with a 5–0 win. Australia faced Germany in Hamburg, losing

630-414: The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . The 18 best national teams are assigned to the World Group and compete annually for the Davis Cup. Nations which are not in the World Group compete in one of three regional zones (Americas, Asia/Oceania, and Europe/Africa). The competition is spread over four weekends during the year. Each elimination round between competing nations is held in one of the countries, and

693-710: The All England club in Wimbledon, London . 1937 would see Australia lose 0–5 in the America Zone final to eventual champions, United States. However this would spark a period of significant dominance for Australia. From 1937 to 1973, the only teams to win the Davis Cup were Australia and the U.S., in which 31 times were between one another. Australia won the Davis Cup title 17 times in 1939, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, and 1973. Between 1938 and 1968, Australia participated in

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756-512: The Open Era (pre-1968) were not allowed to compete in the Davis Cup despite the fact that the Grand Slam tournaments and most tennis tournaments became Open Era events in 1968. From 1968 national registered professionals were allowed to compete under the control of their national tennis associations. In 1973 Australian players like Rod Laver and Ken Rosewall were allowed to play in the Davis Cup for

819-457: The United States , and thanks to great performances from Carlos Moyá and an 18-year-old Rafael Nadal , Spain won their second Davis Cup. Spain reached the final once again in 2008 , and they won against Argentina . It was the first time that the Spanish team won the final on foreign soil. Unexpectedly, the Spanish heroes were Fernando Verdasco and Feliciano López , winning one single each and

882-640: The "British Isles"), was held at the Longwood Cricket Club in Boston, Massachusetts in 1900 . The American team, of which Dwight Davis was captain, surprised the British by winning the first three matches. The following year the two countries did not compete, but the US won the match in 1902 and Britain won the following four matches. By 1905 the event expanded to include Belgium , Austria , France , and Australasia ,

945-443: The 2005 Davis Cup world group and breezed through its first round against Austria 5–0. Argentina beat Australia in the next round. In 2006, Australia managed to defeat Switzerland 3–2 in the fifth rubber in the first round. Australia then beat Belarus statement a 5–0 victory. Australia suffered a 5–0 loss to Argentina in the semifinals. In the 2007 Davis Cup , Australia lost its first tie against Belgium , putting Australia in

1008-558: The Davis Cup is the Billie Jean King Cup , formerly known as the Federation Cup (1963–1995) and Fed Cup (1995–2020). Australia, Italy, Russia, the Czech Republic and the United States are the only countries to have won both Davis Cup and Federation/Fed/Billie Jean King Cup titles in the same year. The Davis Cup allowed only amateurs and national registered professional players (from 1968) to compete until 1973 , five years after

1071-413: The Davis Cup six times ( 2000 , 2004 , 2008 , 2009 , 2011 , 2019 ), and finished as runner-up four times ( 1965 , 1967 , 2003 , 2012 ), which makes it historically one of the most powerful countries in the tennis world. Spain has competed in the World Group created in 1981 , for 32 years. From 1997 to 2014, competed for 18 consecutive years, returning in 2017, after winning the World Group playoffs

1134-418: The Davis Cup, the word rubber means an individual match. In the annual World Group competition, 16 nations compete in eight first-round ties; the eight winners compete in four quarterfinal ties; the four winners compete in two semifinal ties; and the two winners compete in the final tie. Each tie consists of five rubbers, which are played in three days (usually on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday). The winner of

1197-502: The ITF voted to change the format of the competition from 2019 onwards, changing it to an 18-team event to happen at the end of the season, with 71% of ITF member federations voting in favour of the change. The new format, backed by footballer Gerard Piqué and Japanese businessman Hiroshi Mikitani , was likened to a world cup of tennis and was designed to be more attractive to sponsors and broadcasters. Opposing federations included those from Australia, Germany, and Great Britain. Support for

1260-580: The Spanish team defeated the Australians in Barcelona with Juan Carlos Ferrero as national hero. But Lleyton Hewitt , who had been defeated by Ferrero three years before, had his revenge very soon, when Spain lost to Australia again in 2003. The following year, Spain reached the final once again. It was played in Seville and for the first time ever, they didn't have to play against Australia. Their opponents were

1323-518: The U.S. the following summer, which would represent the first British lawn tennis "team" to compete in the U.S. Coincidentally, some weeks before Larned left for his British tour, the idea for an international competition was discussed also between leading figures in American lawn tennis—one of whom was tennis journalist E.P. Fischer—at a tournament in Niagara-on-the-Lake , Ontario. Dwight F. Davis

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1386-491: The US for the third consecutive year. Unfortunately it wasn't meant to be for Australia, this time losing 0–5 in Philadelphia . France were able to enact revenge in 1925 when they defeated Australia 3–1 in the inter-zonal final. The following few years would prove to be a lean spell for Australia, as they were either absent from the competition or were knocked out in the early rounds until they returned to form in 1933. Beginning

1449-485: The alias Australasia in a number of sports, including Davis Cup in the first couple of decades of the 20th century. Australian players began playing Davis Cup tennis in 1905 as a part of the Australasia Davis Cup team , which allowed players from New Zealand to compete on the same team. Despite players from New Zealand being eligible to represent Australasia, Anthony Wilding was the only New Zealander to play for

1512-639: The best British players against six of the best Americans, in a mixture of singles and doubles matches. This was discussed openly in two articles in the Chicago Tribune , but did not come to fruition. Nevertheless, the following summer, Great Britain—though not under the official auspices of the Lawn Tennis Association —sent three of its best players to compete in several US tournaments. Their relative poor performances convinced Dwight and other leading officials and figures in American lawn tennis that

1575-405: The challenge round for a consecutive 25 years, winning 16 titles and losing 9 times. This streak included earning the record for most consecutive titles with four. This accomplishment was achieved on three separate occasions, in 1950 to 1953, 1959 to 1962 and 1964 to 1967. Australia also recorded three consecutive titles between 1955 and 1957. The only decades that Australia didn't win the Davis Cup

1638-706: The completion of the 2017 meeting, the ledger stands at 26–21 in favour of the U.S. Australia qualified for the Davis Cup finals but did not advance past the group stage. They finished with an overall match record of 2–1. Venue: Memorial Drive Park Venue: Pala Alpitour Venue: Pala Alpitour Australia finished as Davis Cup finalists for the twentieth time. They finished with an overall match record of 5–2. Venue: Ken Rosewall Arena Venue: Am Rothenbaum Venue: Am Rothenbaum Venue: Am Rothenbaum Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena Australia finished as Davis Cup finalists for

1701-439: The country where the last tie between the teams was not held. In case the two countries have not met since 1970, lots are drawn to determine the host country. Venues in the World Group must comply with certain minimum standards, including a minimum seating capacity as follows: Prior to each tie, the captain (non-playing coach appointed by the national association) nominates a squad of four players and decides who will compete in

1764-433: The cup after India refused to travel to South Africa in protest of South Africa's apartheid policies. The following year saw the first actual final between two "outsider" nations, when Sweden beat Czechoslovakia 3–2, and since then, many other countries have gone on to capture the trophy. All contract professionals were not allowed to play in the Davis Cup until 1973. The tennis stars who turned professional prior to

1827-408: The defending champion was required to compete in all rounds, and the Davis Cup was awarded to the champion. Up until 1973 , the Davis Cup had only ever been won by the United States, Great Britain/British Isles, France and Australia/Australasia. Their domination was eventually broken in 1974 when South Africa and India made the final; however, the final was scratched and South Africa was awarded

1890-602: The doubles partnering together. David Ferrer , then World Number 5, lost in straight sets to David Nalbandian in the only match he played in the final; and Nadal, World Number 1, was injured, and he wasn't able to play in Argentina . After winning the Davis Cup for the third time, Emilio Sánchez stepped down as captain to allow compatriot Albert Costa take his place. In 2009, second-seeded Spain cruised to their seventh Davis Cup final after home victories against Serbia , Germany and Israel , even though Costa struggled to make

1953-426: The doubles rubber: the two singles players, two other players (usually doubles specialists) or a combination. Each rubber is normally played as best of five sets . Since 2016 , all sets use a tiebreak at 6–6 if necessary (formerly, the fifth set usually had no tiebreaker, so play continued until one side won by two games e.g. 10–8). However, if a team has clinched the tie before all five rubbers have been completed,

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2016-466: The final round. Beginning in 1923 , the world's teams were split into two zones: the "America Zone" and the "Europe Zone". The winners of the two zones met in the Inter-Zonal Zone ("INZ") to decide which national team would challenge the defending champion for the cup. In 1955 a third zone, the "Eastern Zone", was added. Because there were three zones, the winner of one of the three zones received

2079-442: The first day's singles rubbers. However, in certain circumstances, the team captain may replace one or two of the players who played the singles on Friday by other players who were nominated for the tie. For example, if the tie has already been decided in favour of one of the teams, it is common for younger or lower-ranked team members to play the remaining dead rubbers in order for them to gain Davis Cup experience. Since 2011, if

2142-461: The first time since 1962 (for Laver) and since 1956 (for Rosewall). In 1981 , a tiered system of competition was created, in which the 16 best national teams compete in the World Group and all other national teams compete in one of four groups in one of three regional zones. In 1989 , the tiebreak was introduced into Davis Cup competition, and from 2016 it is used in all five sets. In 2018,

2205-516: The fourth rubber to clinch a Davis Cup final berth. In the final, Australia defeated Spain 3–1 in Melbourne Park in which Mark Philippoussis , with a torn pectoral muscle, defeated Juan Carlos Ferrero in five sets. After Australia's 2003 win over Spain, Australia lost in the 2004 Davis Cup ; Sweden beat Australia 4–1. Australia then had to play a world group qualifying match against Morocco , which it won 4–1. Australia solidified its spot in

2268-635: The groups and the two best second places advancing to quarterfinals. The series between the teams in this stage will feature two singles matches and one doubles match, instead of the best-of-5 series, with the matches changing from best of 5 sets to best of 3. As the World Group will now take place as one single competition, this event has been named as the Davis Cup Finals. The lower zone groups I and II will be composed of single ties deciding promotion or relegation. Note: The total number of nations in Group One

2331-482: The idea, which was tentatively agreed, and he ordered an appropriate sterling silver punchbowl trophy from Shreve, Crump & Low , purchasing it from his own funds for about US$ 1,000. They in turn commissioned a classically styled design from William B. Durgin 's of Concord, New Hampshire , crafted by the Englishman Rowland Rhodes. Beyond donating a trophy for the competition, Davis's involvement in

2394-402: The incipient development of the team competition that came to bear his name was negligible, yet a persistent myth has emerged that Davis devised both the idea for an international tennis competition and its format of mixing singles and doubles matches. Research has shown this to be a myth, similar in its exaggeration of a single individual's efforts within a highly complex long-term development to

2457-510: The losing teams facing relegation to the next-lower group. The teams in Groups III and those in Group IV play a round-robin event with promotion and relegation. For the 2019 edition , the format of the cup is changed. The main modification is the World Group taking place at one location and in one week, with eighteen teams divided in six round-robin groups of three teams each, with the winners of

2520-480: The myths of William Webb Ellis and Abner Doubleday , who have both been wrongly credited with inventing rugby and baseball, respectively. Davis nevertheless went on to become a prominent politician in the United States in the 1920s, serving as US Secretary of War from 1925 to 1929 and as Governor-General of the Philippines from 1929 to 1932. The first match, between the United States and Britain (competing as

2583-459: The previous year. Spain competed in its first Davis Cup in 1921 but didn't reach the final round until 1965, when the team led by Jaime Bartrolí lost to Australia . They reached the final again two years later but though they had great players such as Manuel Santana and Manuel Orantes , Spain lost against Roy Emerson and company again. Spanish fans had to wait 33 years in 2000 , to see their team play another Davis Cup final, but this time

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2646-571: The reform was also mixed among current and former players, with some such as Novak Djokovic and Rafael Nadal being in favour of the new format, but others such as Rod Laver , Lucas Pouille and Roger Federer being opposed. On 12 January 2023, the ITF announced that the partnership with the new promoter ends and that ITF is taking back the control of the event. Davis Cup games have been affected by political protests several times, especially in Sweden: Russia and Belarus were suspended after

2709-551: The remaining rubbers may be shortened to best of three sets, with a tiebreak if necessary to decide all three sets. In Group III and Group IV competitions, each tie consists only of three rubbers, which include two singles and one doubles rubber, which is played in a single day. The rubbers are in the best of three sets format, with a tie breaker if necessary to decide all three sets. (1981–2018) For more information, see ITF rankings Change since previous ranking update Spain Davis Cup team Spain has won

2772-558: The second consecutive year and thirteenth time overall. They finished with an overall match record of 4–2. Venue: Manchester Arena Venue: Manchester Arena Venue: Manchester Arena Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena Venue: José María Martín Carpena Arena The following players were selected for the 2024 Davis Cup Finals Group stage held in Valencia , Spain. Player information and rankings as of 10 September 2024 prior to

2835-537: The standard Davis Cup format, mixing single and doubles matches, and in 1895 England played against France in a national team competition. During Larned's tour of the British Isles in 1896, where he competed in several tournaments including the Wimbledon Championships , he was also a spectator for the annual England vs. Ireland match. He returned to exclaim that Britain had agreed to send a group of three to

2898-414: The start of the Open Era . The idea for an event pitting the best British and Americans in competition against one another was probably first conceived by James Dwight , the first president of the U.S. National Lawn Tennis Association when it formed in 1881. Desperate to assess the development of American players against the renowned British champions, he worked tirelessly to engage British officials in

2961-529: The summer of 1899, that four members of the Harvard University tennis team—Dwight Davis included—travelled across the States to challenge the best west-coast talent, and upon his return, it apparently occurred to Davis that if teams representing regions could arouse such great feelings, then why wouldn't a tennis event that pitted national teams in competition be just as successful. He approached James Dwight with

3024-596: The team while it existed. During this period, the team won the Davis Cup on six occasions in 1907 , 1908 , 1909 , 1911 , 1914 and 1919 . In 1920, Australasia lost in the challenge round to the United States Davis Cup team 0–5 at home in Auckland . The team then reached the final in 1921 before again making the challenge round in 1922. The team lost 1–4 against the United States, away in New York City . This

3087-421: The tie 3–2. Having both teams dominate the competition for 36 years, Australia and the United States have had an intense rivalry in Davis Cup. They have played each other in the Davis Cup final on 29 separate occasions, with Australia leading the head-to-head 15–14. The first Davis Cup final meeting was in 1908 in which Australia triumphed 3–2. In fact, Australia won the first three Davis Cup final ties between

3150-482: The tie in India for security concerns, so India advanced to the world group playoffs via forfeit. In the 2010 Davis Cup , Australia easily advanced through the Asia/Oceania playoffs with 5–0 defeats of Chinese Taipei and Japan . Australia then played a home tie against Belgium , losing 3–2. For the fourth year in a row, Australia started its 2011 Davis Cup campaign in the Asia/Oceania playoffs. Australia then advanced to

3213-421: The tie is the nation which wins three or more of the five rubbers in the tie. On the first day, the first two rubbers are singles , which are generally played by each nation's two best available singles players. On the second day, the doubles rubber is played. On the third day, the final two rubbers are typically reverse singles , in which the first-day contestants usually play again, but they swap opponents from

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3276-431: The tie. On the day before play starts, the order of play for the first day is drawn at random. In the past, teams could substitute final day singles players only in case of injury or illness, verified by a doctor, but current rules permit the captain to designate any player to play the last two singles rubbers, provided that no first day matchup is repeated. There is no restriction on which of the playing team members may play

3339-560: The time was right for a properly sanctioned international competition. This was to be staged in Newcastle in July 1898, but the event never took place as the Americans could not field a sufficiently strong team. A reciprocal tour to the U.S. in 1899 amounted to just a single British player travelling overseas, as many of the players were involved in overseas armed conflicts. It was at this juncture, in

3402-492: The top two seeds in the event. The losers of the first-round matches are sent to the World Group playoff round, where they play along with winners from Group I of the regional zones. The playoff round winners play in the World Group for the next year's competition, while the losers play in Group I of their respective regional zone. Each of the three regional zones is divided into four groups. Groups I and II play elimination rounds, with

3465-463: The tournament from the second round of the Europe Zone, they won three ties before losing to eventual champions, Great Britain in the Europe Zone final. They went one round further in 1934, losing 2–3 to the United States in the inter-zonal final. In 1936, Australia won three ties to set up a Challenge round Final against Great Britain. Great Britain made use of the home ground advantage, winning 3–2 at

3528-480: The tournament. There have been 19 Davis Cup captains since Australia's first participation in the event in 1905 (as Australasia). Davis Cup The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis . It is organised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and contested annually between teams from over 150 competing countries, making it

3591-415: The two nations, and an ensuing friendship between American William Larned and Irishman Harold Mahony spurred efforts to formalize an official team competition between the two nations. International competitions had been staged for some time before the first Davis Cup match in 1900. From 1892, England and Ireland had been competing in an annual national-team-based competition, similar to what would become

3654-472: The two, in the aforementioned 1908, 1909 and 1911 . The final Davis Cup meeting between the pair was in 1990 , in which the U.S. won 3–1. In recent years, the rivalry has waned, while the two teams had not played each other from 1999 to 2016, when Australia hosted the U.S. in Round 1 of the 2016 Cup. The two teams met again in the second round of the 2017 Davis Cup, which extended their total meetings to 47. As of

3717-515: The world group playoffs. Australia drew Serbia in Serbia for a world group playoff, and Serbia won 4–1 overall. The 2008 Davis Cup saw Australia beat Chinese Taipei 4–1 and Thailand 5–0. Australia then advanced to the world group playoffs, where it lost to Chile 3–2. In the 2009 Davis Cup , Australia beat Thailand 3–2, and the team was drawn to against India in Chennai. Australia refused to play

3780-629: The world's largest annual team sporting competition. It is described by the organisers as the "World Cup of Tennis" and the winners are referred to as the world champions. The competition began in 1900 as a challenge between Great Britain and the United States . By 2023 155 nations entered teams into the competition. The most successful country over the history of the competition is the United States (winning 32 titles and finishing as runners-up 29 times). The most recent champions are Italy , who beat Netherlands to win their third title (and second consecutive one) in 2024 . The women's equivalent of

3843-470: Was in attendance at this tournament, and was thought to have got wind of the idea as it was discussed in the tournament's popular magazine, and Davis's name was mentioned as someone who might 'do something for the game ... put up some big prize, or cup'. Larned and Fischer met on several occasions that summer and discussed the idea of an international match to be held in Chicago the following summer, pitting six of

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3906-424: Was in the 1920s, 1940s and 2010s. Australia was runner up eight times during the 1920s and 1940s. After the 1973 victory, Australia won the title another five times: 1977, 1983, 1986, 1999 and 2003 . From 1999 to 2003, Australia reached the final round four times and won in 1999 and 2003. In 2003, Lleyton Hewitt came back from two sets to love down against Roger Federer of Switzerland to win in five sets in

3969-618: Was the last ever tournament under the Australasia moniker before the nations began competing as separate entities. In the first tournament as the stand-alone Australia team, the side reached the challenge round, again losing 1–4 to the United States in New York City. The following year, Australia beat Japan 5–0 in the America Zone to qualify for the Inter-zonal final, where they defeated France 3–2 to set up another Challenge round rematch against

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