110-477: Australian Canadians are Canadian citizens or residents with Australian ancestry. There are three groups of Australian Canadians, including Australian immigrants to Canada, descendants of Australian immigrants to Canada, and Australian expatriates residing in Canada. According to the 2021 Census , there were 46,765 Canadians who claimed full or partial Australian ancestry. Historically, most Australian Canadians lived in
220-583: A permanent resident who lives in Canada for three out of four years and meets specific requirements. Canada established its own nationality law in 1946, with the enactment of the Canadian Citizenship Act which took effect on January 1, 1947. The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act was passed by the Parliament of Canada in 2001 as Bill C-11, which replaced the Immigration Act, 1976 as
330-643: A century or more before, the first group of permanent settlers were the French , who founded the New France settlements, in present-day Quebec and Ontario ; and Acadia , in present-day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick , during the early part of the 17th century. Approximately 100 Irish-born families would settle the Saint Lawrence Valley by 1700, assimilating into the Canadien population and culture. During
440-801: A daily basis. Additionally, Canadians speak several sign languages ; the number of speakers is unknown of the most spoken ones, American Sign Language (ASL) and Quebec Sign Language (LSQ), as it is of Maritime Sign Language and Plains Sign Talk . There are only 47 speakers of the Inuit sign language Inuktitut . English and French are recognized by the Constitution of Canada as official languages. All federal government laws are thus enacted in both English and French, with government services available in both languages. Two of Canada's territories give official status to indigenous languages. In Nunavut , Inuktitut , and Inuinnaqtun are official languages, alongside
550-578: A group of ranges with no collective name but that are part of the larger Pacific Ranges and are essentially fore-ranges of the Pemberton Icefield . Although there are a few other routes through the maze of mountains between the basin of the Lillooet River just east, the Cheakamus-Green divide is the lowest and most direct. Before Whistler was founded, it was the shared ancestral territories of
660-528: A large influx of South Asians , who tended to settle in British Columbia . Immigrants of all backgrounds tend to settle in the major urban centres . The Canadian public, as well as the major political parties, are tolerant of immigrants. The majority of illegal immigrants come from the southern provinces of the People's Republic of China , with Asia as a whole, Eastern Europe , Caribbean , Africa , and
770-694: A large portion of whom settled in New Brunswick. After the War of 1812 , British (including British army regulars), Scottish, and Irish immigration was encouraged throughout Rupert's Land, Upper Canada and Lower Canada . Between 1815 and 1850, some 800,000 immigrants came to the colonies of British North America, mainly from the British Isles as part of the Great Migration of Canada . These new arrivals included some Gaelic-speaking Highland Scots displaced by
880-812: A number of Jesuits dedicated to converting indigenous peoples; an effort that eventually proved successful. The first large Protestant communities were formed in the Maritimes after the British conquest of New France, followed by American Protestant settlers displaced by the American Revolution. The late nineteenth century saw the beginning of a substantive shift in Canadian immigration patterns. Large numbers of Irish and southern European immigrants were creating new Catholic communities in English Canada. The settlement of
990-496: A permanent population of approximately 13,982 (2021), as well as a larger but rotating population of seasonal workers. Over two million people visit Whistler annually, primarily for alpine skiing and snowboarding and, in the summer, mountain biking at Whistler Blackcomb . Its pedestrian village has won numerous design awards, and Whistler has been voted among the top destinations in North America by major ski magazines since
1100-612: A population of 13,982 living in 5,597 of its 10,065 total private dwellings, a change of 19% from its 2016 population of 11,746. With a land area of 240 km (93 sq mi), it had a population density of 58.3/km (150.9/sq mi) in 2021. According to the 2021 census , religious groups in Whistler included: The resort town was granted heraldic symbols by the Canadian Heraldic Authority in January 2016. Whistler
1210-476: A study permit. In 2001, 15.7% of all Australians studying abroad were in Canada, however, this number has declined as the popularity of Asian countries as study destinations has increased. In 2012, just 1,277 Australian students went on exchange to Canada. In 2015, two-thirds of Australian exchange students in Canada were studying humanities or business-related courses. There is currently funding and scholarship opportunities for Australian students in Canada from both
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#17330844866851320-744: A viewership of 3 million and had an estimated public relations value of $ 2 million. Stewardess Cops Fuji Television AKA Fuji Network , a popular Japanese drama, shot a two-hour special on location in Whistler during the fall of 2001. It was aired January 2002 and had an estimated audience of 22 million. Besides the 2010 Winter Olympics broadcasters from the United States , Australia 's Today Show, and Japan have done daily up to week long segments from Whistler. ESPN2 shows BMX Races from Whistler but they are really from nearby Pemberton's Green River BMX Track . Most videos of Whistler Backcountry skiing , snowboarding , and snowmobiling are filmed in
1430-416: Is "a hybrid spruce that is unique to Whistler, aptly dubbed the "Whistler Spruce". "The Whistler spruce hybrid is indicative of Whistler's geographic position—we're not quite coastal, but not quite interior". It is a hybrid of the wetter West Coast Sitka spruce ( Picea sitchensis ), which ranges from Northern California to Alaska , and the drier Interior Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ). Others include
1540-483: Is a monthly events guide and calendar that lists what is happening in the resort. Other tourist-oriented, print media such as FAQ, Visitors Choice and Whistler Magazine are published from quarterly to once or twice a year. An internet radio site for the community exists It is designed to be a community radio station showcasing local music talent and interests of relative importance. History: 28 November 2003, "Feds shut down local pirate radio station... frequency 105.5 FM in
1650-436: Is a product of its ethnicities , languages , religions , political , and legal system (s). Canada has been shaped by waves of migration that have combined to form a unique blend of art , cuisine , literature , humour , and music . Today, Canada has a diverse makeup of nationalities and constitutional protection for policies that promote multiculturalism rather than cultural assimilation . In Quebec, cultural identity
1760-454: Is a strong reason that Australian students choose to study in Canada. Furthermore, Canadian policy, as part of international education strategy, offers the opportunity for Australians to continue living in Canada following their studies. Australians studying at all Australian universities have access to study abroad programs, whereby students can study for up to one year at a Canadian university as part of their Australian degree without needing
1870-471: Is an American reality television series that premiered on A&E on 7 August 2006. The show follows the life of Kiss bassist and vocalist Gene Simmons , his longtime partner and wife Shannon Tweed , and their two children, Nick and Sophie. Sophie Tweed-Simmons has her own reality TV series spin off in production. Filming began December 2013, in Whistler, Vancouver , Los Angeles , and Nashville . Sophie and her mother, model Shannon Tweed, will be
1980-499: Is an important part of Canada's political culture . With the role of Christianity in decline, it having once been central and integral to Canadian culture and daily life, commentators have suggested that Canada has come to enter a post-Christian period in a secular state, with irreligion on the rise. The majority of Canadians consider religion to be unimportant in their daily lives, but still believe in God. The practice of religion
2090-491: Is argued to contribute to the underrepresentation of Australian Canadians in census data is the cultural similarities between the two countries. It is argued that because the cultures are similar and ethnic difference is non-visible, individuals may identify less with their Australian heritage and thus not report it as their 'ethnic origin' when surveyed. Australian expatriates (expats) in Canada refer to Australian citizens who temporarily or permanently reside in Canada. This group
2200-620: Is considered the father of Canadian Jewry. The Islamic , Jains , Sikh , Hindu , and Buddhist communities—although small—are as old as the nation itself. The 1871 Canadian Census ( first "Canadian" national census ) indicated thirteen Muslims among the populace, while the Sikh population stood at approximately 5,000 by 1908. The first Canadian mosque was constructed in Edmonton , in 1938, when there were approximately 700 Muslims in Canada. Buddhism first arrived in Canada when Japanese immigrated during
2310-672: Is in the Southside area, between Nita and Alpha Lakes. Local bus transit service is provided by the Whistler and Valley Express , which also provides service to Pemberton . A shuttle bus service from the Vancouver Airport and Downtown Vancouver is provided by the Whistler Shuttle and YVR Skylynx . Vancouver International Airport ( IATA : YVR , ICAO : CYVR ) is the main international airport for Whistler residents and tourists and
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#17330844866852420-432: Is known for its skiing and snowboarding in the winter and mountain biking and hiking in the summer. Other winter activities that are enjoyed in Whistler are cross country skiing, skate skiing, ice skating, snowshoeing, backcountry skiing, telemark skiing, and tobogganing. Summer activities enjoyed in Whistler include golfing , fishing , trail running , mountain biking, outdoor yoga, and hiking. For skiing, arguably
2530-419: Is located 140 km (87 mi) south. Pemberton Regional Airport ( ICAO : CYPS ) is a public airport serving Pemberton and Whistler. It is the closest airport for fixed-wing non-amphibious aircraft and is 38 minutes north of Whistler. There are no scheduled flights but three charter services operate out of the airport. Whistler (Municipal) Heliport ( TC LID : CBE9 ) is a public heliport operated by
2640-750: Is located at the Nicklaus North subdivision on the South end of Green Lake . Whistler is located on the Sea to Sky Highway (Highway 99), which goes from the Peace Arch Border Crossing in Surrey, British Columbia to the Cariboo Highway (Highway 97) 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Cache Creek, British Columbia . North of Whistler is Pemberton, British Columbia , which is about 23 km (14 mi) north of
2750-612: Is not fully represented in census data, because often they are not permanent residents, but instead are living in Canada on working holiday visas or student visas. There are a number of expatriate groups across Canada, which allow Australian communities to form through sports events and social activities. Australian Football League (AFL) competitions are held in six Canadian provinces, but are most popular in Ottawa and Ontario. International Experience Canada (IEC) work permits allow young people to work and travel in Canada for up to 24 months. Under
2860-686: Is now generally considered a private matter throughout society and within the state. The 2011 Canadian census reported that 67.3% of Canadians identify as being Christians ; of this number, Catholics make up the largest group, accounting for 38.7 percent of the population. The largest Protestant denomination is the United Church of Canada (accounting for 6.1% of Canadians); followed by Anglicans (5.0%), and Baptists (1.9%). About 23.9% of Canadians declare no religious affiliation, including agnostics , atheists , humanists , and other groups. The remaining are affiliated with non-Christian religions,
2970-399: Is one high school in the community, it is named Whistler Secondary School . The Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique operates one Francophone primary school in that city: the école La Passerelle . Whistler has one weekly newspaper, Pique Newsmagazine , published every Friday. The Whistler Answer was published intermittently from 1977 to the 1990s. The Lost Duck
3080-469: Is strong, and many French-speaking commentators speak of a Quebec culture distinct from English Canadian culture. However, as a whole, Canada is a cultural mosaic : a collection of several regional, indigenous, and ethnic subcultures. Canadian government policies such as official bilingualism ; publicly funded health care ; higher and more progressive taxation ; outlawing capital punishment ; strong efforts to eliminate poverty ; strict gun control ;
3190-419: The 2021 Canadian census , over 450 " ethnic or cultural origins " were self-reported by Canadians. The major panethnic origin groups in Canada are: European ( 52.5%), North American ( 22.9%), Asian ( 19.3%), North American Indigenous ( 6.1%), African ( 3.8%), Latin, Central and South American ( 2.5%), Caribbean ( 2.1%), Oceanian ( 0.3%), and Other ( 6%). Statistics Canada reports that 35.5% of
3300-597: The Australian economy declined and decreased as the economy improved. Following the Canadian Immigration Act in 1976, which made it difficult for foreigners to find work if Canadians were qualified for the role, there was a decline in Australians moving to Canada. In the 21st century, the ease of working holiday and student visas in Canada has led to a strong Australian expatriate culture, and between 2006 and 2016,
3410-608: The British Columbia Interior via Pemberton - Mount Currie to Lillooet and connections beyond to the Trans-Canada and Cariboo Highways . Passenger rail service is only provided at the Whistler railway station between Vancouver and Jasper by the Rocky Mountaineer , using Canadian National Railway tracks from North Vancouver via Whistler and Prince George. The station for tour passengers embarking from Whistler
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3520-578: The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . Religion in Canada (2011 National Household Survey) Canada as a nation is religiously diverse, encompassing a wide range of groups, beliefs and customs. The preamble to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms references "God", and the monarch carries the title of " Defender of the Faith ". However, Canada has no official religion , and support for religious pluralism ( Freedom of religion in Canada )
3630-552: The Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946 , took effect on January 1, 1947, and full sovereignty was achieved with the patriation of the constitution in 1982. Canada's nationality law closely mirrored that of the United Kingdom. Legislation since the mid-20th century represents Canadians' commitment to multilateralism and socioeconomic development . The word Canadian originally applied, in its French form, Canadien , to
3740-465: The Douglas fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii ), lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta ), and endangered whitebark pine ( Pinus albicaulis ). The higher slopes transition to many species of scrub juniper , Rocky Mountain juniper ( Juniperus scopulorum ), and many species of scrub willow in the genus Salix at the tree line , and to Arctic tundra-like conditions in the high alpine above the tree line. Both
3850-478: The Federation of Australia in 1901, government relations between the two countries strengthened, and immigration from Australia to Canada increased. In 1941, the number of Australian-born Canadians was 2,800, most of whom lived in the western provinces of Canada. Following World War II , the number of Australian Canadians grew gradually, with many Australian professionals moving to Canada for economic opportunity. In
3960-574: The First World War and Second World War helped to foster Canadian nationalism , however, in 1917 and 1944, conscription crisis' highlighted the considerable rift along ethnic lines between Anglophones and Francophones. As a result of the First and Second World Wars, the Government of Canada became more assertive and less deferential to British authority. With the gradual loosening of political ties to
4070-612: The Highland Clearances to Nova Scotia. The Great Famine of Ireland of the 1840s significantly increased the pace of Irish immigration to Prince Edward Island and the Province of Canada , with over 35,000 distressed individuals landing in Toronto in 1847 and 1848. Descendants of Francophone and Anglophone northern Europeans who arrived in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries are often referred to as Old Stock Canadians . Beginning in
4180-488: The Middle East . Estimates of numbers of illegal immigrants range between 35,000 and 120,000. Canadian citizenship is typically obtained by birth in Canada or by birth or adoption abroad when at least one biological parent or adoptive parent is a Canadian citizen who was born in Canada or naturalized in Canada (and did not receive citizenship by being born outside of Canada to a Canadian citizen). It can also be granted to
4290-585: The United Kingdom grew gradually over the course of many years following the formation of the Canadian Confederation in 1867. The First and Second World Wars , in particular, gave rise to a desire among Canadians to have their country recognized as a fully-fledged, sovereign state, with a distinct citizenship. Legislative independence was established with the passage of the Statute of Westminster, 1931 ,
4400-529: The alpine . The wet West Coast marine temperate climate in the valley floor is characterized by a coniferous mixed forest, with a preponderance of western red cedar —a continuation of the rainforest of the Pacific Northwest . The slopes are slightly drier and are also coniferous mixed forest with western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla ) and mountain hemlock ( Tsuga mertensiana ), Whistler hybrid spruce ( Sitka spruce and Engelmann spruce ). The last
4510-526: The hoary marmot . In the late 19th century, a trail was cut through the valley, linking Lillooet via Pemberton with Burrard Inlet via a pass from Squamish to the Seymour River. The trail was completed in 1877, but because of the difficult and unforgiving terrain, it was only used once for its intended purpose, which was to drive cattle. The area began to attract trappers and prospectors (such as John Millar and Henry Horstman) who established small camps in
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4620-597: The mother tongues of approximately 56% and 21% of Canadians, respectively. As of the 2016 Census, just over 7.3 million Canadians listed a non-official language as their mother tongue. Some of the most common non-official first languages include Chinese (1,227,680 first-language speakers), Punjabi (501,680), Spanish (458,850), Tagalog (431,385), Arabic (419,895), German (384,040), and Italian (375,645). Less than one percent of Canadians (just over 250,000 individuals) can speak an indigenous language . About half this number (129,865) reported using an indigenous language on
4730-634: The 18th and 19th century; immigration westward (to the area known as Rupert's Land ) was carried out by " Voyageurs "; French settlers working for the North West Company ; and by British settlers ( English and Scottish ) representing the Hudson's Bay Company , coupled with independent entrepreneurial woodsman called coureur des bois . This arrival of newcomers led to the creation of the Métis , an ethnic group of mixed European and First Nations parentage. In
4840-433: The 1960s, opening the doors to immigrants from all parts of the world. While the 1950s had still seen high levels of immigration by Europeans, by the 1970s immigrants were increasingly Chinese, Indian, Vietnamese , Jamaican , and Haitian . During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Canada received many American Vietnam War draft dissenters . Throughout the late 1980s and 1990s, Canada's growing Pacific trade brought with it
4950-403: The 1960s, this quiet area was without basic infrastructure. There were no sewage facilities, water, or electricity, and no road from Squamish or Vancouver . In 1962, four Vancouver businessmen began to explore the area with the intent of building a ski resort and bidding for the 1968 Winter Olympics . Garibaldi Lift Company was formed, shares were sold, and in 1966, Whistler Mountain opened to
5060-419: The 1960s, working conditions were similar between Canada and Australia, however, salaries were higher in Canada which was appealing for Australian migrants during this time. Hence, the number of Australian Canadians increased through the 1960s and peaked in 1967, with five thousand Australians entering Canada for work or education. From the 1960s to 2000, the number of Australians migrating to Canada increased when
5170-413: The 2000s were not born in the country. Statistics Canada projects that, by 2031, nearly one-half of Canadians above the age of 15 will be foreign-born or have one foreign-born parent. Indigenous peoples , according to the 2016 Canadian census , numbered at 1,673,780 or 4.9% of the country's 35,151,728 population. While the first contact with Europeans and Indigenous peoples in Canada had occurred
5280-531: The 2016 Canadian Census , 42,315 people identified Australia as their ethnic origin, of who 14,370 were first-generation Canadian, 16,410 were second-generation Canadian and 11,530 were third-generation Canadian. The most popular cities for Australian immigrants to Canada are Vancouver and Toronto, making up almost half of the total, with 4,520 and 3,775 immigrant residents respectively. Source: ( Statistics Canada , 2017) John Powell (2009) has proposed that numbers of Australian Canadians were in fact higher than what
5390-532: The 247,243 total immigrants to the country. Canada resettles over one in 10 of the world's refugees and has one of the highest per-capita immigration rates in the world. As of a 2010 report by the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada , there were 2.8 million Canadian citizens abroad . This represents about 8% of the total Canadian population. Of those living abroad, the United States, Hong Kong,
5500-405: The 36.3 million people enumerated in 2021 approximately 24.5 million reported being " white ", representing 67.4 percent of the population. The indigenous population representing 5 percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4 percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3 percent from 2016 to 2021. One out of every four Canadians or 26.5 percent of
5610-462: The Athlete's village) housed around 2,400 athletes, coaches, trainers and officials. Post-games, the site has been turned into a new residential neighbourhood, Cheakamus Crossing. Whistler is located on British Columbia Highway 99 , also known as the "Sea to Sky Highway", approximately 58 km (36 mi) north of Squamish , and 125 km (76 mi) from Vancouver. The highway connects Whistler to
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#17330844866855720-531: The Australian and Canadian governments. This includes fee-paying scholarships, fellowships and research grants. Additionally, both governments are funding institutional partnerships that Australians can participate in Canada as part of their university degree. The town of Whistler, British Columbia holds a congregation of Australians and has been described as a ‘ Little Australia ’ due to the strong Australian culture present. Australian Alpine skier Jono Brauer coined
5830-652: The Pemberton Valley or area. The Whistler name has a much higher brand recognition. The Whistler Film Festival is produced by the Whistler Film Festival Society (WFFS). It is held over five days from the first weekend of December. The Crash Reel , a 2013 documentary and reality film, directed by Academy Award Nominee Lucy Walker , was filmed on location in Whistler. It features top-ranked American snowboarder Kevin Pearce , who because of injuries missed
5940-543: The Reciprocal Youth Mobility Agreement, Australians between the age of 18 and 35 are eligible to apply for an IEC visa. Previously the upper age limit was 30 years old, and was recently increased to 35 in the 2019 IEC season. For Australians, there are three IEC categories available: Australia is the only IEC country where applicants are not selected based on quotas, meaning they receive an unlimited number of IEC work permits. Australians make up 17.7% of
6050-401: The United Kingdom and the modernization of Canadian immigration policies, 20th-century immigrants with African , Caribbean and Asian nationalities have added to the Canadian identity and its culture. The multiple-origins immigration pattern continues today, with the arrival of large numbers of immigrants from non-British or non-French backgrounds. Multiculturalism in Canada was adopted as
6160-507: The United Kingdom, Taiwan, China, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, and Australia have the largest Canadian diaspora. Canadians in the United States constitute the greatest single expatriate community at over 1 million in 2009, representing 35.8% of all Canadians abroad. Under current Canadian law , Canada does not restrict dual citizenship , but Passport Canada encourages its citizens to travel abroad on their Canadian passport so that they can access Canadian consular services . According to
6270-636: The United States, and into Mexico. Whistler, British Columbia Whistler ( Lillooet/Ucwalmícwts : Cwitima, IPA: [xʷetemɛ] ; Squamish/Sḵwx̱wú7mesh : Sḵwiḵw, IPA: [sqʷɛqʷ] ) is a resort municipality in Squamish-Lillooet Regional District , British Columbia , Canada. It is located in the southern Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains , approximately 125 km (78 mi) north of Vancouver and 36 km (22 mi) south of Pemberton . It has
6380-711: The Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games , the first time the International Olympic Committee has bestowed that designation on a community. Whistler hosted the alpine technical and speed events, the sliding events at Fitzsimmons Creek , the Nordic events in the nearby Callaghan Valley and all the Paralympic events except the opening ceremonies, sledge hockey and wheelchair curling. The Whistler Olympic and Paralympic Village (commonly referred to as
6490-673: The Whistler Heliport Society. Currently there are no scheduled flights but charter services to/from Vancouver International Airport , Vancouver/Harbour (Public) Heliport and Victoria Harbour (Camel Point) Heliport ( TC LID : CBF7 ) are available. Whistler/Green Lake Water Aerodrome ( ICAO : YWS , TC LID : CAE5 ) is a public floatplane base owned and operated by Harbour Air Group and Whistler Air. Seasonal scheduled flights are provided by Harbour Air Seaplanes and West Coast Air to Victoria Inner Harbour Airport and Vancouver Harbour Water Airport . The seaplane base
6600-498: The Whistler area, received a visit from Industry Canada and local RCMP officer", Federal Police. Freeradio Whistler still legally broadcasts over the Internet at freewhistler.com. The incumbent cable television provider in Whistler is Shaw Cable . Additional service providers covering Whistler include Telus TV (Optik IPTV service and Telus Satellite TV), Shaw Direct (satellite), and Bell Satellite TV (satellite). Whistler
6710-560: The area in the early 20th century. The area began to gain recognition with the arrival of Myrtle (who the Myrtle Philip school was named after) and Alex Philip, who in 1914 purchased 4.0 ha (10 acres) of land on Alta Lake and established the Rainbow Lodge . The Philips had relocated from Maine to Vancouver in 1910 and had heard rumours of the natural beauty of the area from Pemberton pioneer John Millar. After an exploratory journey,
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#17330844866856820-471: The basis of a point system that accounts for age, health and labour-market skills required for cost effectively inducting the immigrants into Canada's labour market) and refugee class (those seeking protection by applying to remain in the country by way of the Canadian immigration and refugee law ). In 2008, there were 65,567 immigrants in the family class, 21,860 refugees, and 149,072 economic immigrants amongst
6930-484: The basis of early movement and migration between the two countries. In the 19th century, however, movement was primarily from Canada to Australia with Canadian convicts being exiled to Australia. Historians attribute the relatively low number of Australian Canadians to the fact that both countries relied on immigration and competed for immigrants from Britain. Following the Confederation of Canada in 1867 and again after
7040-635: The colonists residing in the northern part of New France — in Quebec , and Ontario —during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The French colonists in Maritime Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island), were known as Acadians . When Prince Edward (a son of King George III ) addressed, in English and French, a group of rioters at a poll in Charlesbourg , Lower Canada (today Quebec), during
7150-513: The confluence of Rubble Creek and the Cheakamus River at Function Junction in Whistler." This location represents the long-standing relationship of the two nations who used Spoez as a hub of trade and commerce between the two nations. Spoez was buried after Black Tusk Volcano erupted causing a massive rockslide that buried the ancient village under hundreds of metres of rubble. From this point forward both Nations continued to co-habitat within
7260-446: The country and offer specialty television channels, newspapers, and other publications in many minority languages. In Canada, as elsewhere in the world of European colonies , the frontier of European exploration and settlement tended to be a linguistically diverse and fluid place, as cultures using different languages met and interacted. The need for a common means of communication between the indigenous inhabitants and new arrivals for
7370-455: The country of Canada . This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being Canadian . Canada is a multilingual and multicultural society home to people of groups of many different ethnic, religious, and national origins, with the majority of the population made up of Old World immigrants and their descendants. Following
7480-535: The couple was convinced. Rainbow Lodge and other railway-dependent tourist resorts were collectively known as Alta Lake . Along with the rest of the valley bridging the Cheakamus (pron. CHEEK-a-mus) and Green River (a tributary of the Lillooet River ) basins, they became part of British Columbia's first Resort Municipality in 1975. Completion of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway in 1914 greatly reduced
7590-449: The duration of their university or college degree. In 2018, there were 710 Australians with study permits living in Canada. Since 2000, the year with the highest number of Australians with Canadian study permits was 2001, with 1210 students. The total number of Australian students in Canada is much larger, however, as study permits are not required to engage in student exchange programs . The similarity between cultures of Australia and Canada
7700-602: The early 1900s led to the continuous journey regulation act of 1908 which indirectly halted Indian immigration to Canada, as later evidenced by the infamous 1914 Komagata Maru incident . The population of Canada has consistently risen, doubling approximately every 40 years, since the establishment of the Canadian Confederation in 1867. In the mid-to-late 19th century, Canada had a policy of assisting immigrants from Europe , including an estimated 100,000 unwanted " Home Children " from Britain. Block settlement communities were established throughout Western Canada between
7810-782: The election of the Legislative Assembly in June 1792, he stated, "I urge you to unanimity and concord. Let me hear no more of the odious distinction of English and French. You are all His Britannic Majesty's beloved Canadian subjects." It was the first-known use of the term Canadian to mean both French and English settlers in the Canadas . As of 2010, Canadians make up 0.5% of the world's total population , having relied upon immigration for population growth and social development. Approximately 41% of current Canadians are first- or second-generation immigrants, and 20% of Canadian residents in
7920-509: The focus of the new show. Producers of the show are Force Four Entertainment, Vancouver. Eight 1 ⁄ 2 -hour episodes are to be broadcast on W Network Canada in the spring of 2014. Kansai TV Japan was produced in Whistler with a 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 -hour TV special, Race to the Canadian Northern Lights . Thirty minutes of footage on Whistler's winter activities, shopping, Village and spa. The show aired March 2001. It had
8030-523: The indigenous Squamish people (Sk̲wx̲wúmesh), known in English as the Squamish Nation , and L̓il̓watú, known in English as Lil'wat First Nation (originally Srapúl). Their history is tied to the rivers, lakes, and mountains that were used as reference for direction and travel. In the Late Pleistocene era, long before European settlement, Sk̲wx̲wúmesh and L̓il̓watú shared a village known as Spoez at
8140-556: The initial period of French and then the much larger British colonization , different waves (or peaks) of immigration and settlement of non-indigenous peoples took place over the course of nearly two centuries and continue today. Elements of Indigenous, French, British, and more recent immigrant customs, languages, and religions have combined to form the culture of Canada , and thus a Canadian identity . Canada has also been strongly influenced by its linguistic, geographic, and economic neighbour—the United States. Canadian independence from
8250-464: The isotherm used. It has cold wet winters with significant snowfall and cloud cover, and warm summers which are somewhat dry. On average, Whistler receives approximately 11 days with temperatures over 30 °C (86 °F) and approximately 24 days with temperatures falling below −10 °C (14 °F). Whistler is a collection of microclimates ranging from coniferous mixed forest on the valley floor, to slightly drier slopes, to alpine tundra in
8360-703: The land that became the Squamish Lil’wat Cultural Centre, which was used by the Wolf Clan (now known as the Wallace Family) as shelter. The first British survey by the Royal Navy took place in the 1860s. These surveyors named the mountain London Mountain because of the heavy fog and cloud typically gathering around the mountain, but the area informally acquired the name "Whistler" due to the call of
8470-574: The largest of which is Islam (3.2%), followed by Hinduism (1.5%), Sikhism (1.4%), Buddhism (1.1%), and Judaism (1.0%). Before the arrival of European colonists and explorers, First Nations followed a wide array of mostly animistic religions . During the colonial period, the French settled along the shores of the Saint Lawrence River , specifically Latin Church Catholics , including
8580-620: The late 1850s, the immigration of Chinese into the Colony of Vancouver Island and Colony of British Columbia peaked with the onset of the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush . The Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 eventually placed a head tax on all Chinese immigrants, in hopes of discouraging Chinese immigration after completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway . Additionally, growing South Asian immigration into British Columbia during
8690-451: The late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some were planned and others were spontaneously created by the settlers themselves. Canada received mainly European immigrants, predominantly Italians , Germans, Scandinavians , Dutch , Poles , and Ukrainians . Legislative restrictions on immigration (such as the continuous journey regulation and Chinese Immigration Act, 1923 ) that had favoured British and other European immigrants were amended in
8800-525: The late 19th century. The first Japanese Buddhist temple in Canada was built in Vancouver in 1905. The influx of immigrants in the late 20th century, with Sri Lankan , Japanese , Indian and Southeast Asian customs, has contributed to the recent expansion of the Jain, Sikh, Hindu, and Buddhist communities. A multitude of languages are used by Canadians, with English and French (the official languages ) being
8910-820: The legalizing of same-sex marriage , pregnancy terminations , euthanasia and cannabis are social indicators of Canada's political and cultural values . American media and entertainment are popular, if not dominant, in English Canada; conversely, many Canadian cultural products and entertainers are successful in the United States and worldwide. The Government of Canada has also influenced culture with programs, laws, and institutions. It has created Crown corporations to promote Canadian culture through media, and has also tried to protect Canadian culture by setting legal minimums on Canadian content . Canadian culture has historically been influenced by European culture and traditions, especially British and French , and by its own indigenous cultures . Most of Canada's territory
9020-485: The main attraction of Whistler, the different run difficulties (easiest to hardest) are green (circle), blue (square), black (diamond), and double black (diamond). Throughout the year each run's difficulty stays the same. There are many signs around the mountain that indicate the difficulty of the runs and there are "expert only" signs at the bottom of some chairlifts indicating that most of the runs accessible from that chair are black diamonds or double black diamonds. Until
9130-665: The mid-1700s brought a large Francophone population under British Imperial rule , creating a need for compromise and accommodation. The new British rulers left alone much of the religious, political, and social culture of the French-speaking habitants , guaranteeing through the Quebec Act of 1774 the right of the Canadiens to practise the Catholic faith and to use French civil law (now Quebec law ). The Constitution Act, 1867
9240-565: The mid-1990s. During the 2010 Winter Olympics , Whistler hosted most of the alpine, Nordic , luge , skeleton , and bobsled events. The Whistler Valley is located around the pass between the headwaters of the Green River and the upper-middle reaches of the Cheakamus . It is flanked by glaciated mountains on both sides; the Garibaldi Ranges on the side that contains the ski mountains, and
9350-449: The mountain village. Also north is Lillooet, British Columbia , which is 122 km (76 mi) north of Whistler. South of the village is Squamish, British Columbia , about a 53 km (33 mi) drive. Also located south is Vancouver , which is 125 km (78 mi) south of the village. Whistler has a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification : Dsb/Dfb ) or an oceanic climate (Köppen: Csb/Cfb ) depending on
9460-547: The national languages of English and French, and Inuktitut is a common vehicular language in territorial government. In the Northwest Territories , the Official Languages Act declares that there are eleven different languages: Chipewyan , Cree , English, French, Gwich'in , Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun , North Slavey , South Slavey , and Tłįchǫ . Multicultural media are widely accessible across
9570-411: The number of Australians living in Canada doubled. Since 2015, there has been support for and discussion of opening up Freedom of Movement between Australia and Canada, as well as the United Kingdom and New Zealand, which would allow Australians the right to live and work freely in Canada without applying for visas, and vice versa. Of Australian Canadians in 2016, 23.5% arrived between 2011 and 2016. In
9680-571: The official policy of the government during the premiership of Pierre Trudeau in the 1970s and 1980s. The Canadian government has often been described as the instigator of multicultural ideology, because of its public emphasis on the social importance of immigration . Multiculturalism is administered by the Department of Citizenship and Immigration and reflected in the law through the Canadian Multiculturalism Act and section 27 of
9790-470: The outdoors was not the only activity in the valley, however. Logging was a booming industry. During the first half of the 20th century, most of the lower slopes of the surrounding mountains were cleared of old-growth. At its peak, four mills were in operation, most located around Green Lake. Prospecting and trapping were pursued as well, though no claims of great value were ever staked. In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Whistler had
9900-554: The population belonged to a non-White and non-Indigenous visible minority , the largest of which in 2021 were South Asian (2.6 million people; 7.1 percent), Chinese (1.7 million; 4.7 percent) and Black (1.5 million; 4.3 percent). Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4 percent. In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. The 2021 Census indicated that 8.3 million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0 percent) of
10010-547: The population reported multiple ethnic origins, thus the overall total is greater than 100%. The country's ten largest self-reported specific ethnic or cultural origins in 2021 were Canadian (accounting for 15.6 percent of the population), followed by English (14.7 percent), Irish (12.1 percent), Scottish (12.1 percent), French (11.0 percent), German (8.1 percent), Indian (5.1 percent), Chinese (4.7 percent), Italian (4.3 percent), and Ukrainian (3.5 percent). Of
10120-509: The population reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canada—above the 1921 Census previous record of 22.3 percent. In 2021 India, China, and the Philippines were the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada. Canadian culture is primarily a Western culture , with influences by First Nations and other cultures. It
10230-487: The primary federal legislation regulating immigration. Prior to the conferring of legal status on Canadian citizenship, Canada's naturalization laws consisted of a multitude of Acts beginning with the Immigration Act of 1910. According to Citizenship and Immigration Canada , there are three main classifications for immigrants: family class (persons closely related to Canadian residents), economic class (admitted on
10340-586: The public. Later, the town, then still known as Alta Lake , was offered the 1976 Winter Olympics after the selected host city Denver declined the games due to funding issues. Alta Lake Whistler declined as well, after elections ushered in a local government less enthusiastic about the Olympics. The 1976 Winter Olympics were ultimately held in Innsbruck , Austria . Whistler was the Host Mountain Resort of
10450-470: The purposes of trade, and (in some cases) intermarriage, led to the development of mixed languages . Languages like Michif , Chinook Jargon , and Bungi creole tended to be highly localized and were often spoken by only a small number of individuals who were frequently capable of speaking another language. Plains Sign Talk —which functioned originally as a trade language used to communicate internationally and across linguistic borders—reached across Canada,
10560-405: The region travelling to the area in the warmer months where they established seasonal camps for hunting and trapping. Prior to settlement of the first European fishing and trapping communities, L̓il̓watú Nation members lived in camps along Green Lake, but were ousted by police in order to make way for the railway and other infrastructure around the lake. Evidence was found of an Istken pit-house on
10670-561: The same name and aired for two seasons from 2006 to 2008. The television series Peak Season is filmed in Whistler and documents the lives of people that live there. Reality Show Fresh Meat II was filmed in Whistler. The community also appeared as the location for Shane and Carmen's wedding in The L Word (season 3, episode 12) Whistler was also featured on The Real Housewives of Orange County and ABC's Extreme Weight Loss. Reality show Gene Simmons Family Jewels filmed some episodes in Whistler. It
10780-491: The term "Whistralia" to refer to the ski village in an interview in 2010, and this has since become a nickname. In 2010 it was estimated that Australians made up 34% of the workforce for Whistler-Blackcomb ski resort. Australian snacks such as meat pies, Tim Tams and Vegemite are sold at supermarkets in Whistler, and Australia Day is celebrated, with multiple pubs throwing organised party events. Canadians Canadians ( French : Canadiens ) are people identified with
10890-443: The total Working Holiday visitors under IEC in Canada, which is the highest-ranking country of citizenship. The most popular destinations for Australians on working holidays are Whistler and Banff . Australia is also a highly popular destination for Canadians on working holidays, hence highlighting the reciprocity of the popularity of destinations. Canadian study permits allow students from Australia to become temporary residents for
11000-510: The travel time from three days, providing ease of access from Vancouver, and the Rainbow Lodge gained a reputation as the most popular vacation destination west of the Rockies. The lodge was primarily a summer destination, with boating, fishing and hiking among the most popular activities, and soon other lodges began to open not just on Alta Lake, but on other valley lakes as well. Appreciation of
11110-624: The valley floor and the mountain sides are characterized as mixed forest, predominantly conifers , but with a peppering of a few deciduous trees like the Pacific dogwood ( Cornus nuttallii ), locally extinct Pacific crabapple ( Malus fusca ) or Pryus fusca , bitter cherry ( Prunus emarginata ), pin cherry ( Prunus pensylvanica ), choke cherry ( Prunus virginiana ), red alder ( Alnus rubra ), Sitka alder ( Alnus sinuata ), paper birch ( Betula papyrifera ), big leaf maple ( Acer macrophyllum ), and Douglas maple ( Acer glabrum ). Whistler
11220-725: The wake of the British Conquest of New France in 1760 and the Expulsion of the Acadians , many families from the British colonies in New England moved over into Nova Scotia and other colonies in Canada, where the British made farmland available to British settlers on easy terms. More settlers arrived during and after the American Revolutionary War , when approximately 60,000 United Empire Loyalists fled to British North America ,
11330-501: The west brought significant Eastern Orthodox immigrants from Eastern Europe and Mormon and Pentecostal immigrants from the United States. The earliest documentation of Jewish presence in Canada occurs in the 1754 British Army records from the French and Indian War . In 1760, General Jeffrey Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst attacked and won Montreal for the British. In his regiment there were several Jews, including four among his officer corps, most notably Lieutenant Aaron Hart who
11440-593: The western provinces of Canada, however in 2016, the most popular cities for Australian immigrants are Vancouver and Toronto. While the number of Australian Canadians is quite low relative to other countries, the number of Australians on working visas in Canada is extremely high. Both countries are among the most developed countries and share historical connections, language and similar customs. Further, both Canada and Australia have Charles III as their Head of State as both are also Commonwealth realms . Both Canada and Australia are former British colonies , which forms
11550-421: The wild plums were dug up too by Pemberton Pioneers for fruit trees to transplant and as rootstock. Once abundant on the forest floor, lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea ) is no longer found because of the loss of habitat through the clear-cutting. The School District 48 Sea to Sky operates public schools in Whistler. There are two elementary schools, Myrtle Phillip Elementary and Spring Creek Elementary. There
11660-538: Was clear cut twice. The Oregon grape Mahonia aquifolium (AKA hollyleaved barberry) and highbush cranberry Viburnum opulus were accidentally re-introduced as escaped landscaping plants, and may all be Oregonian subspecies. All the wild Pacific crabapples were dug up by Pemberton Pioneers for grafting rootstock. It is unclear whether the Chickasaw plum ( Prunus americana ) was indigenous or introduced by Indigenous transcontinental trade networks or later Western contact. All
11770-520: Was designed to meet the growing calls of Canadians for autonomy from British rule, while avoiding the overly strong decentralization that contributed to the Civil War in the United States. The compromises made by the Fathers of Confederation set Canadians on a path to bilingualism , and this in turn contributed to an acceptance of diversity. The Canadian Armed Forces and overall civilian participation in
11880-568: Was inhabited and developed later than other European colonies in the Americas, with the result that themes and symbols of pioneers, trappers, and traders were important in the early development of the Canadian identity . First Nations played a critical part in the development of European colonies in Canada , particularly for their role in assisting exploration of the continent during the North American fur trade . The British conquest of New France in
11990-451: Was previously served by CBUWT-TV channel 13, a CBC Television repeater of CBUT-DT ( Vancouver ); that station shut down in 2012 due to budget cuts affecting the CBC. The television show Whistler took place in Whistler. Whistler , the series is a Canadian television drama centering on the aftermath of the mysterious death of a local snowboard legend. The series was set in the ski resort of
12100-545: Was represented in census data throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. The measure of ‘ethnic origin’ may underrepresent the number of Australians in Canada because of how it can be interpreted. As such, to some people 'ethnic origin' may connote 'country of earliest ancestry ' rather than last residence or partial ancestry. It is argued that because Australia is a country of immigrants, many migrants who arrived from Australia to Canada may have immigrated to Australia previously or be first-generation Australians. Another factor that
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