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74-622: Aurora Wilhelmina Koskull was the daughter of the courtier Baron Otto Anders Koskull and Amalia Beata Silfversparre. In 1797, Koskull became one of the first hovfröken ( maid-of-honor ) appointed to the new queen, Frederica of Baden . In 1800, the queen's maids-of-honor were dismissed by the king because of many scandals involving their love affairs, and replaced with statsfru (married ladies-in-waiting). Impoverished, Koskull moved in with her aunt, Ulrika Katarina Koskull, and her aunt's wealthy husband, Count Magnus Fredrik Brahe (1756-1826). The queen's former maids-of-honor were all compensated with

148-566: A bride's preferences, the size of her family, and the number of attendants her partner would like to have as well. Many modern couples do not have bridesmaids or groomsmen, which eliminates all the associated expenses and logistical effort. The male equivalent is the groomsman , also known in British English as an usher. In the United States, the role of attending to the groom has diverged from that of escorting guests to their seats, and

222-429: A bridesmaid often participates in planning wedding-related events, such as a bridal shower or bachelorette party , if there are any. These, however, are optional activities; according to etiquette expert Judith Martin , "Contrary to rumor, bridesmaids are not obliged to entertain in honor of the bride, nor to wear dresses they cannot afford." If it is customary in the bride's area to have a bridesmaids luncheon, then it

296-402: A child's betrothal long before he or she came of age (age of maturity). To further the interests of their birth families, daughters of the elite would marry into respectable families. If a daughter could prove the proposed husband to be of bad character, she could legitimately refuse the match In Roman law, age of majority varied from being 25 or as high as 30, though the age of marriage

370-682: A conjugal act which is suitable in itself for the procreation of offspring, to which marriage is ordered by its nature and by which the spouses become one flesh." There are recorded marriages of two- and three-year-olds: in 1564, a three-year-old named John was married to a two-year-old named Jane in the Bishop's Court in Chester, England. The policy of the Roman Catholic Church , and later various protestant churches, of considering clandestine marriages and marriages made without parental consent to be valid

444-476: A friend, such as attending the bride as she shops for her wedding dress. Aside from being the bride's right hand, the maid of honor is responsible for leading the rest of the bridal party through the planning of any pre-wedding events. For example, the principal bridesmaid will be the one to make the arrangements for the bridal shower, including invitations, decorations, food, and any games or activities that will be played. He or she will also be in charge of planning

518-465: A girl for which the age of consent was set at 10 years old. Under English common law the age of consent, as part of the law of rape, was 10 or 12 years old and rape was defined as forceful sexual intercourse with a woman against her will. To convict a man of rape, both force and lack of consent had to be proved, except in the case of a girl who is under the age of consent. Since the age of consent applied in all circumstances, not just in physical assaults,

592-412: A girl younger than 13 was a felony. There were some fathers who arranged marriages for a son or a daughter before he or she reached the age of maturity, which is similar to what some fathers in ancient Rome did. Consummation would not take place until the age of maturity. Roman Catholic Canon law defines a marriage as consummated when the "spouses have performed between themselves in a human fashion

666-550: A grandparent. The Roman Catholic Church and State had become allies in erasing the solidarity and thus the political power of the clans; the Roman Catholic Church sought to replace traditional religion , whose vehicle was the kin group, and substitute the authority of the elders of the kin group with that of a religious elder. At the same time, the king's rule was undermined by revolts by the most powerful kin groups, clans or sections, whose conspiracies and murders threatened

740-431: A long-time male friend or brother as their head attendant, using the title 'best man' or 'man of honor'. The activities of the principal bridesmaid may be as many or as varied as she allows the bride to impose upon her. Her only required duty is to participate in the wedding ceremony. Typically, however, she is asked for help with the logistics of the wedding as an event, such as addressing invitations , and for her help as

814-517: A marriage contract at a very young age. This coincided with signs of puberty , such as the start of menstruation for a female and the growth of pubic hair for a male. In Ancient Rome, the appropriate minimum age for marriage was regarded as 14 for males and 12 for females. 43% of Pagan females married at 12–15 years and 42% of Christian females married at 15–18 years. In late antiquity , most Roman women married in their late teens to early twenties, but noble women married younger than those of

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888-440: A minimum age of marriage. [REDACTED] [REDACTED] England and Wales : 18 [REDACTED]   Scotland : 16 [REDACTED] Northern Ireland : 16 years with parental consent (with the court able to give consent in some cases). In ancient Israel men twenty years old and older would become warriors and when they get married they would get one year leave of absence to be with their wife. Rabbis estimated

962-404: A minimum marriage age by statute law‚ to override customary, religious, tribal laws and traditions. When the marriageable age under a law of a religious community is lower than that under the law of the land , the state law prevails. However, some religious communities do not accept the supremacy of state law in this respect, which may lead to child marriage or forced marriage. The 123 parties to

1036-607: A right is usually the same with the age of majority which is 18 years old in most countries. However, in some countries, the age of majority is under 18, while in others it is 19, 20 or 21 years. In Canada for example, the age of majority is 19 in Nova Scotia , New Brunswick , British Columbia , Newfoundland and Labrador , Northwest Territories , Yukon and Nunavut . Marriage under 19 years in these provinces requires parental or court consent (see Marriage in Canada ). In USA for example,

1110-427: Is designated, may be called the chief bridesmaid . She may also be called the maid of honor if she is unmarried, or the matron of honor if she is married. A junior bridesmaid is a girl who is clearly too young to be married but who is included as a bridesmaid anyway. In the United States, typically only the maid or matron of honor and the best man are the official witnesses for the wedding license . Often there

1184-472: Is hosted, and therefore organized and paid for, by the bride. A junior bridesmaid has no responsibilities beyond attending the wedding. The duties and costs of being a bridesmaid are parsed out between a bride and her attendants in a variety of ways. Since modern bridesmaids, unlike their historical counterparts, can no longer rely on having their clothes and travel expenses paid for by the bride's family, and are sometimes even told they must pay for parties that

1258-438: Is more than one bridesmaid; in modern times the bride chooses how many to ask. Historically, no person of status went out unattended, and the size of the retinue was closely calculated to be appropriate to the family's social status. A large group of bridesmaids provided an opportunity for showing off the family's social status and wealth . Today, the number of bridesmaids in a wedding party is dependent on many variables, including

1332-457: Is more than they will be able to give. In some American weddings, each bridesmaid may be asked to spend US$ 1,700 or more, with travel to destination weddings and pre-wedding parties usually being the biggest expense. In the United Kingdom, the term " maid of honour " originally referred to the female attendant of a queen . The term 'bridesmaid' is normally used for all bridal attendants in

1406-599: Is often entrusted with the groom's wedding ring until it is needed during the ceremony. Many brides ask bridesmaids if they are adults , to be legal witnesses who sign the marriage license after the ceremony. If there is a reception after the wedding, the maid of honor may be asked to offer a toast to the newlywed. The origin of the Western bridesmaid tradition likely arose from a combination of many factors. The most-likely factors include, but are not limited to, socioeconomic class and status, family size, socialization standards of

1480-486: Is separate from that of the bridesmaid, and the small child performing it is known as a flower girl . Although many exceed the minimum, the bridesmaids' required duties are very limited. They are required to attend the wedding ceremony and to assist the bride on the day of the wedding. Bridesmaids in Europe and North America are often asked to assist the bride with planning the wedding and a wedding reception . In modern times,

1554-471: Is the age of reason. The Church of England , after breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church , carried with it the same minimum age requirements. Age of consent for marriage of 12 years old for girls and of 14 years old for boys were written into English civil law. The first recorded age-of-consent law, in England, dates back 800 years. The age of consent law in question has to do with the law of rape and not

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1628-439: Is the general age, a legal age or the minimum age marriage . Age and other prerequisites to marriage vary between jurisdictions, but in the vast majority of jurisdictions, the marriage age as a right is set at the age of majority . Nevertheless, most jurisdictions allow marriage at a younger age with parental or judicial approval, especially if the female is pregnant . Among most indigenous cultures, people marry at fifteen,

1702-705: The Edict of Thessalonica , which made Nicene Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire . The Holy See adapted Roman law into Canon law . After the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the rise of the Holy Roman Empire , manorialism also helped weaken the ties of kinship and thus the power of clans . As early as the 9th century in northwestern France , families that worked on manors were small, consisting of parents and children and occasionally

1776-534: The European Union and the Council of Europe the marriage act states: The Istanbul convention , the first legally binding instrument in Europe in the field of violence against women and domestic violence, only requires countries which ratify it to prohibit forced marriage (Article 37) and to ensure that forced marriages can be easily voided without further victimization (Article 32), but does not make any reference to

1850-556: The Roman Empire , the Emperor Augustus introduced marriage legislation, the Lex Papia Poppaea , which rewarded marriage and childbearing. The legislation also imposed penalties for both men and women who remained unmarried, or who married but for whatever reason failed to have children. For men it is between the ages of 25 and 60 while for women it is between ages 20 and 50. Women who were Vestal Virgins were selected between

1924-648: The Sanhedrin as reprehensible as forcing her into prostitution. In Rabbinic Judaism , males cannot consent to marriage until they reach the age of 13 years and a day and have undergone puberty and females cannot consent to marriage until they reach the age of 12 years and a day and have undergone puberty . Males and females are considered minors until the age of twenty. After twenty, males are not considered adults if they show signs of impotence. If males show no signs of puberty or do show impotence, they automatically become adults by age 35 and can marry. Marriage involved

1998-464: The Slavic traditions of patrilocality of early and universal marriage (usually of a bride aged 13–15 years, with menarche occurring on average at age 14) lingered; the manorial system had yet to penetrate into Eastern Europe and generally had less effect on clan systems there. The bans on cross-cousin marriages had also not been firmly enforced. In Russia, before 1830 the age of consent for marriage

2072-527: The 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery have agreed to adopt a prescribed "suitable" minimum age for marriage. In many developing countries, the official age prescriptions stand as mere guidelines. UNICEF , the United Nations children's organization, regards a marriage of a minor (legal child ), a person below the adult age, as child marriage and a violation of rights. Until recently,

2146-633: The 20th century, U.S. states began to slowly raise the minimum legal age at which individuals were allowed to marry. Age restrictions, as in most developed countries, have been revised upward so that they are now between 15 and 21 years of age. Before 1929, the Scottish law adopted the Roman law in allowing a girl to marry at twelve years of age and a boy at fourteen, without any requirement for parental consent. However, in practice, marriages in Scotland at such young ages

2220-514: The UK. However, when the attendant is married, or is a mature woman, the term 'matron of honour' is often used. The influence of American English has led to the chief bridesmaid sometimes being called the maid of honour. In North America, a wedding party might include several bridesmaids, but the 'maid of honor' is the title and position held by the bride's chief attendant, typically her closest friend or sister. In modern-day weddings, some brides opt to choose

2294-429: The age of 16 or 17. In majority of countries, a right to marry at age 18 is enshrined along with all other rights and responsibilities of adulthood . However, most of these countries allow those younger than that age to marry, usually with parental consent or judicial authorization. These exceptions vary considerably by country. The United Nations Population Fund stated: In 2010, 158 countries reported that 18 years

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2368-630: The age of majority is 21 in Mississippi and 19 in Nebraska and requires parental consent. In many jurisdictions of North America, married minors become legally emancipated . 21 in Puerto Rico Minors under 18 cannot marry in the states of New York State, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Minnesota, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Virginia, New Hampshire, Washington State, Michigan and Vermont under any circumstance. This also holds true for

2442-456: The age of maturity from about the beginning of the thirteenth year for women and about the beginning of the fourteenth year for men. On the practice of Levirate marriage , the Talmud advised against a large age gap between a man and his brother's widow. A younger woman marrying a significantly older man, however, is especially problematic: marrying one's young daughter to an old man was declared by

2516-437: The age of sexual maturity for both the male and the female. In industrialized cultures, the age of marriage is most commonly 18 years old, but there are variations, and the marriageable age should not be confused with the age of majority or the age of consent , though they may be the same. The 55 parties to the 1962 Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage, and Registration of Marriages have agreed to specify

2590-476: The ages of 10 and 13 to serve as priestesses in the temple of goddess Vesta in the Roman Forum for 30 years, after which they could marry. Noblewomen were known to marry as young as 12 years of age, whereas women in the lower social classes were more likely to marry slightly further into their teenage years. The father had the right and duty to seek a good and useful match for his children, and might arrange

2664-466: The aristocratic life of Stockholm, a position she kept after having been a widowed in 1826. She had a very good relationship to her stepson Magnus Brahe , who discussed state affairs with her and asked her for political advice. It was said that she "took the lead in the most notable salon of the Swedish aristocracy with noble dignity" and her salon was described as "a school, where youth took their knowledge in

2738-530: The art of good mannered socializing"; also in her old age, she was said to keep a "beautiful and majestic appearance". Maid-of-honor Bridesmaids are members of the bride's party at some Western traditional wedding ceremonies. A bridesmaid is typically a young woman and often the bride 's close friend or relative. She attends to the bride on the day of a wedding or marriage ceremony. Traditionally, bridesmaids were chosen from unwed young women of marriageable age . The principal bridesmaid, if one

2812-406: The attention of the elected Crown Prince Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte , the future Charles XIV John of Sweden, who was reportedly in love with her and courted her. There were rumours of an affair between them, but these are not regarded to be true, and instead Charles John was reportedly rejected by her and instead entered in to a relationship with her relative, Mariana Koskull . In June 1815, the matter

2886-401: The bachelorette party, including any travel or lodging accommodations that must be arranged. On the day of the wedding, her principal duty is to provide practical and emotional support. She might assist the bride with dressing and, if needed, help the bride manage her veil, a bouquet, a prayer book, or the train of her wedding dress during the day. In a double-ring wedding, the chief bridesmaid

2960-405: The bride did not clearly agree to the union. Male and female adolescents needed parental consent to marry because they were under the age of majority, 21 years old. In the 12th century, the Roman Catholic Church drastically changed legal standards for marital consent by allowing daughters over 12 years old and sons over 14 years old to marry without their parents' approval, even if their marriage

3034-449: The bride wants to have before the wedding, it has become customary for the bride to present the bridesmaids with gifts as a sign of gratitude for the support and financial commitment that comes with their roles. It has become equally customary for women who are invited to serve as bridesmaids to first ask about the amount of time, energy, and money that the bride expects from them before accepting this position, and to decline or resign if this

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3108-538: The certificates, the most common age for the brides is 22 years. For the grooms 24 years was the most common age, with average ages of 24 years for the brides and 27 for the grooms. While European noblewomen often married early, they were a small minority of the population, and the marriage certificates from Canterbury show that even among nobility it was very rare to marry women off at very early ages. The minimum age requirements of 12 and 14 were eventually written into English civil law. By default, these provisions became

3182-475: The conclusion, or causing the conclusion of, a marriage within the relationship that is allowed to marry in accordance with the practices prevailing in their ethnic community or clan. The marriageable age as a right is 18 years in all European countries, with the exception of Andorra and Scotland where it is 16 (regardless of gender). Existing exceptions to this general rule (usually requiring special judicial or parental consent) are discussed below. In both

3256-895: The consent of a parent or a pertinent authority, and in 23 countries, boys under age 15 can marry with parental consent. In recent years, many countries in the EU have tightened their marriage laws, either banning marriage under 18 completely, or requiring judicial approval for such marriages. Countries which have reformed their marriage laws in recent years include Sweden (2014), Denmark (2017), Germany (2017), Luxembourg (2014), Spain (2015), Netherlands (2015), Finland (2019) and Ireland (2019). Many developing countries have also enacted similar laws in recent years: Honduras (2017), Ecuador (2015), Costa Rica (2017), Panama (2015), Trinidad & Tobago (2017), Malawi (2017). The minimum age requirements of 12 years old for females and 14 years old for males were written into English civil law. By default, these provisions became

3330-501: The court must consider the spirit of preventing child marriage, as well as moral, religious, cultural, psychological, and health considerations before granting the permission. However, the next article allows persons between the ages of 16–18 to be married if they have been “commissioned the right of full legal capacity” in accordance to the Civil Code. Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (b) of sub-section (1), nothing shall bar

3404-541: The day, and religion. Others cite the Biblical story of Jacob , and his two wives Leah and Rachel , who both literally came with their own maids as detailed in the Book of Genesis (29:24, 46:18) as the origin of bridesmaids. These women were handmaidens (servants or slaves) instead of social peers. In ancient times, originally the bride and all the bridesmaids wore exactly the same dress and veiled their faces heavily, for

3478-405: The formal position as maids-of-honor to the household of the infant crown prince, while he was still small enough to have female courtiers, and as such she still had the right to attend court, and often participated in high society life. In 1802, Koskull is noted as an accomplished singer in the performances staged by the amateur theatre society of Princess Charlotte at Rosersberg Palace . During

3552-511: The landlord and those who did not marry were presumably denied that reward. For example, marriage ages in Medieval England varied depending on economic circumstances, with couples delaying marriage until their early twenties when times were bad, but might marry in their late teens after the Black Death , when there was a severe labour shortage; by appearances, marriage of adolescents was not

3626-533: The law also made it impossible for an underage girl (under 12 years old) to consent to sexual activity. There was one exception: a man's acts with his wife (females over 12 years old), to which rape law did not apply. Jurist Sir Matthew Hale stated that both rape laws were valid at the same time. In 1875, the Offence Against the Persons Act raised the age to 13 years in England; an act of sexual intercourse with

3700-483: The law of marriage as sometimes misunderstood. In 1275, in England, as part of the rape law, the Statute of Westminster 1275 , made it a misdemeanor to have sex with a "maiden within age", whether with or without her consent. The phrase "within age" was interpreted by jurist Sir Edward Coke as meaning the age of marriage, which at the time was 12 years old. A 1576 law was created with more severe punishments for having sex with

3774-532: The lower classes, as an aristocratic girl was expected to be virgin until her first marriage. In late antiquity, under Roman law, daughters inherited equally from their parents if no will was produced. In addition, Roman law recognized wives' property as legally separate from husbands' property, as did some legal systems in parts of Europe and colonial Latin America. In 380 C.E., the Emperor Theodosius issued

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3848-436: The minimum marriageable age for females was lower in many jurisdictions than for males, on the premise that females mature at an earlier age than males. This law has been viewed by some to be discriminatory, so that in many countries the marriageable age of females has been raised to equal that of males. In Greece females married as young as 14 or 16. In Spartan marriages, females were around 18 and males were around 25. In

3922-403: The minimum marriage ages in colonial America. On the average, marriages occurred several years earlier in colonial America than in Europe, and much higher proportions of the population eventually got married. Community-based studies suggest an average age at marriage of about 20 years old for women in the early colonial period and about 26 years old for men. In the late 19th century and throughout

3996-504: The minimum marriage ages in colonial America. This English common law inherited from the British remained in force in America unless a specific state law was enacted to replace them. In the United States, as in most developed countries, age restrictions have been revised upward so that they are now between 15 and 21 years of age. In Western countries, marriages of teenagers have become rare in recent years, with their frequency declining during

4070-455: The new crown princess, Josephine of Leuchtenberg , upon her arrival to Sweden, being at that time one of the leading women of court life and high society; she refused and the office was instead given to Elisabet Charlotta Piper , but she did accept to have the position temporary, by meeting Josephine in Germany and escorting her the last part of the journey to Sweden: Brahe was a leading figure of

4144-584: The norm in England. In medieval Western Europe , the rise of Catholicism and manorialism had both created incentives to keep families nuclear , and thus the age of marriage increased; the Western Church instituted marriage laws and practices that undermined large kinship groups. The Roman Catholic Church prohibited consanguineous marriages, a marriage pattern that had been a means to maintain clans (and thus their power) throughout history. The Roman Catholic Church curtailed arranged marriages in which

4218-530: The other 966 brides were at least 19 years old. In England and Wales, the Marriage Act 1753 required a marriage to be covered by a licence (requiring parental consent for those under 21) or the publication of bans (which parents of those under 21 could forbid). Additionally, the Church of England dictated that both the bride and groom must be at least 21 years of age to marry without the consent of their families. In

4292-496: The past few decades. For instance, in Finland, where in the early 21st century underage youth could obtain a special judicial authorization to marry, there were only 30–40 such marriages per year during that period (with most of the spouses being aged 17), while in the early 1990s, more than 100 such marriages were registered each year. Since 1 June 2019 Finland has banned marriages of anyone under 18 with no exemptions. Marriage age as

4366-479: The power of the state and also the demands by manorial Lords for obedient, compliant workers. As the peasants and serfs lived and worked on farms that they rented from the lord of the manor, they also needed the permission of the lord to marry. Couples therefore had to comply with the lord of the manor and wait until a small farm became available before they could marry and thus produce children. Those who could and did not delay marriage were presumably rewarded by

4440-416: The purpose of confusing jealous suitors and evil spirits. In China during the feudal era , brides were susceptible to kidnapping at weddings by rival clans and hooligans. Shouldering the responsibility to protect the bride, bridesmaids were dressed up like the bride to lower the risk that she might be identified and taken. As legal protections for marriage were established, this was no longer necessary, and

4514-456: The role of bridesmaid took a more symbolic turn. In the Victorian era , white was the official color for both male groomsmen and female bridesmaids. This trend originated with Queen Victoria when she married Prince Albert wearing a long white wedding dress, and her bridesmaids matched the color of her gown. Marriageable age Marriageable age , marriage age , or the age of marriage

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4588-501: The same as for males. In jurisdictions where the ages are not the same, the marriageable age for females is more commonly two or three years lower than that of males. In 17th century Poland, in the Warsaw parish of St John, the average age of women entering marriage was 20.1, and that of men was 23.7. In the second half of the eighteenth century, women in the parish of Holy Cross married at 21.8, while men at 29. In medieval Eastern Europe ,

4662-460: The territories of the U.S. Virgin Islands and American Samoa. On 30th of November, 2022, The High court of Jharkhand reported that a Muslim Woman can marry a person of her choice after attaining 15 years. under the age of 19, the revision stipulated that the court can grant such permission only if there are urgent reasons as well as supporting evidences to back them. The law revision also stresses that

4736-534: The two positions are no longer synonymous and are often, if not usually, filled by different persons. In some cultures, such as in Norway, the Netherlands, France and Victorian Britain , it is (or has been) customary for bridesmaids to be small girls rather than grown women. They may carry flowers during the wedding procession and pose with the married couple in bridal photos. In modern English-speaking countries, this role

4810-506: The visit of Prince William Frederick in Stockholm during the winter of 1802–03, there were rumours of an affair between them, which was mentioned in the diary of Princess Charlotte: Being without a dowry, it was difficult for Koskull to marry. In 1806, half a year after the death of her aunt, she married her aunt's rich widower, Count Brahe. She had two children, Ulrika Vilhelmina Brahe (1808–1836) and Magnus Brahe (1810–). In 1811, her spouse

4884-516: Was 12 years for females and 14 years for males, and age of betrothal was 7 years for both males and females. The age of lawful consent to a marriage was 12 for girls and 14 for boys. Ancient Roman law required brides to be at least 12 years old. In ancient Roman law, first marriages to brides aged 12–25 required the consent of the bride and her father, but by the late antique period, Roman law permitted women over 25 to marry without parental consent. Historically, individuals were allowed to enter into

4958-530: Was 15 years old for males and 13 years old for females (though 15 years old was preferred for females, so much so that it was written into the Law Code of 1649). Teenage marriage was practised for chastity . Both the female and the male teenager needed consent of their parents to marry because they were under 20 years old, the age of majority. In 1830, the age of consent for marriage was raised to 18 years old for males and 16 years old for females Though 18 years old

5032-524: Was almost unknown. In France, until the French Revolution , the marriageable age was 12 years for females and 14 for males. Revolutionary legislation in 1792 increased the age to 13 years for females and 15 for males. Under the Napoleonic Code in 1804, the marriageable age was set at 15 years old for females and 18 years old for males. In 2006, the marriageable age for females was increased to 18,

5106-541: Was appointed Swedish minister to France, and she accompanied him to Paris. In France, she attracted the attention of Napoleon , who called her la belle suédoise ("the beautiful Swede"). During the reign of Charles XIII and Charles XIV John she had a powerful position, being related to the influential royal mistress Mariana Koskull as well as being the stepmother of the royal favorite and politician Magnus Brahe , who felt great affection for her, and reportedly asked her for advice in matters of state. In 1810, she attracted

5180-582: Was controversial, and in the 16th century both the French monarchy and the Lutheran Church sought to end these practices, with limited success. In most of Northwestern Europe , marriages at very early ages were rare. One thousand marriage certificates from 1619 to 1660 in the Archdiocese of Canterbury show that only one bride was 13 years old, four were 15, twelve were 16, and seventeen were 17 years old; while

5254-452: Was made clandestinely. Parish studies have confirmed that in the late medieval period , females did sometimes marry without their parents' approval in England. In the 12th century, Canon law jurist Gratian , stated that consent for marriage could not take place before the age of 12 years old for females and 14 years old for males; also, consent for betrothal could not take place before the age of 7 years old for females and males, as that

5328-456: Was mentioned in the famous journal of queen Charlotte: Not soon after, there was a rumour that Brahe had supplanted her cousin Koskull as the lover of the crown prince: In June 1817, queen Charlotte summarized the difference of the crown prince's relationship toward the two cousins, while also giving Brahe a personal description: In 1823, she was offered the position of head lady-in-waiting to

5402-413: Was preferred for females, the average age of marriage for females was around 19 years old. Aztec family law generally followed customary law. Men got married between the ages of 20–22, and women generally got married at 15 to 18 years of age. Maya family law appears to have been based on customary law. Maya men and women usually got married at around the age of 20, though women sometimes got married at

5476-473: Was the minimum legal age for marriage for women without parental consent or approval by a pertinent authority. However, in 146 [of those] countries, state or customary law allows girls younger than 18 to marry with the consent of parents or other authorities; in 52 countries, girls under age 15 can marry with parental consent. In contrast, 18 is the legal age for marriage without consent among males in 180 countries. Additionally, in 105 countries, boys can marry with

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