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34-486: Auenheim is located some 15 km east of Haguenau and 13 km north-east of Bischwiller . Access to the commune is by the road D468 from Rœschwoog in the north-east, which passes through the north of the commune and the village before continuing to Stattmatten in the south. The D463 branches off the D468 in the north of the commune and goes west to Rountzenheim . The TER Strasbourg - Lauterbourg railway passes through

68-474: A non-commissioned officer and 20 enlisted men. The commune has one religious site that is registered as a historical monument: Haguenau Haguenau ( French: [aɡ(ə)no] ; Alsatian : Hàwenau [ˈhaːvənau̯] or Hàjenöi [ˈhaːjənœi̯] ; German : Hagenau ; historical English: Hagenaw ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department of France, of which it

102-550: A pilgrimage to the Holy Land . During the fighting, Frederick lost an eye, whereafter he was no longer eligible as German king. In December 1127 Conrad declared himself King of the Romans, while the next year Duke Frederick II occupied the Salian city of Speyer . The attempt of Duke Henry X of Bavaria to capture his brother-in-law Frederick during the negotiations failed. However, afterwards

136-423: A regional commercial centre. The recent extension of the ring road has improved access to the commercial and industrial zones and reduced the traffic congestion which used to be a frequent challenge for vehicle drivers using the road which follows the line of the old town walls on the western side of town. In spite of the extensive destruction Haguenau suffered during the many wars experienced by Alsace, especially

170-467: A revolt by Archbishop Adalbert of Mainz . About 1120 Frederick married Judith , a daughter of Duke Henry IX of Bavaria and member of the powerful House of Welf . Their first son Frederick was born in 1122. Upon the death of Emperor Henry V in 1125, the Salian dynasty became extinct. Frederick II, Henry's nephew, stood for election as King of the Romans with the support of his younger brother Conrad and several princely houses. However, he lost in

204-410: A well balanced economy. Centuries of troubled history in the buffer lands between France and Germany have given Haguenau a rich historical and cultural heritage which supports a lively tourist trade . There is also a thriving light manufacturing sector centred on the industrial zone to the west of the town. Here the presence nearby of significant retail developments testifies to Haguenau's importance as

238-515: Is a sub-prefecture . It is second in size in the Bas-Rhin only to Strasbourg , some 30 km (19 mi) to the south. To the north of the town, the Forest of Haguenau is the largest undivided forest in France. Haguenau was founded by German dukes and has swapped back and forth several times between Germany and France over the centuries, with its spelling altering between "Hagenau" and "Haguenau" by

272-524: Is a good example of historicism in architecture. It was built by the French in 1867 and extended twice by the Germans, in 1881 and 1908. The Basilica of Our Lady in the locality of Marienthal is a vast Gothic Revival sanctuary (1863–1866). It keeps two early 15th-century statues, and a host of sculptures from around 1519. Haguenau's streets are adorned by attractive fountains, the medieval Saint-Georges fountain,

306-399: The 79th Division , XV Corps, 7th U.S. Army, moved into the area near Haguenau, and on 7 December the regiment was given the assignment to take it and the town forest just north that included German ammunition dumps. The attack began at 0645 on 9 December, and sometime during the night of 10 December and the early morning of 11 December the Germans withdrew under the cover of darkness, leaving

340-585: The Rhine river and in the Alsace region. Frederick accompanied King Henry V on his campaign against King Coloman of Hungary in 1108. In 1110, he and Henry V embarked on an expedition to Italy , where in Rome Henry enforced his coronation by Pope Paschal II . In turn, the emperor appointed Conrad Duke of Franconia and both brothers German regents when he left for his second Italian campaign in 1116, who put down

374-566: The Thirty Years' War , the French conquest in 1677 and the Second World War, it still possesses monuments from nine centuries, even if nothing is left of arguably the most prestigious of them, Frederick I Barbarossa's imperial palace ( Kaiserpfalz ). Medieval Haguenau retains three gates from its former fortification, the Tour des Chevaliers (Tower of the knights), the Tour des Pêcheurs (Tower of

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408-610: The "Crown Jewels of the Holy Roman Empire ", i.e. the jewelled imperial crown, sceptre, imperial orb, and sword of Charlemagne . Richard of Cornwall , King of the Romans, made it an imperial city in 1257. Subsequently, through Rudolph I of Germany — the first Habsburg emperor — Haguenau became the seat of the Landvogt of Hagenau, the German imperial advocate in Lower Alsace . In

442-497: The 14th century, it housed the executive council of the Decapole , a defensive and offensive association of ten Alsatian towns against external aggression, economic expansion and related political instability. In the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, Alsace was ceded to France, which had repeatedly invaded and looted the region in the past. In 1673 King Louis XIV had the fortifications as well as

476-466: The 18th-century Bee fountain ( Fontaine aux abeilles ) and the 1825 Dolphin fountain ( Fontaine aux dauphins ). The Institut universitaire de technologie de Haguenau (IUT) was founded in 2006. It is a branch of the University of Strasbourg . Haguenau station offers rail connections to Strasbourg, Wissembourg and Niederbronn-les-Bains. Haguenau is twinned with Landau (Germany). Episode eight of

510-489: The 79th Division was relieved by the 101st Airborne Division on 5 February 1945. The 36th Infantry Division would relieve the 101st on 23 February 1945. On 15 March the Allied Operation Undertone , a combined effort of the U.S. Seventh and French 1st Armies of the U.S. Sixth Army Group , was launched to drive the Germans back along a 75 km line from Saarbrücken to Haguenau. The last German soldier

544-609: The Hohenstaufens, a conflict erupted between Frederick and his supporters, and Lothair: encouraged by Archbishop Adalbert and several princes, the king occupied Hohenstaufen lands in Upper Lorraine and Alsace. However, an attack by Welf forces on the Swabian core territory failed, like the siege of Nuremberg by Lothair in 1127. Frederick relieved the siege and moreover gained the support from his brother Conrad, who had just returned from

578-495: The Saxon and Bavarian forces. He eventually submitted to him in the spring of 1135 at Bamberg . Both were finally reconciled and Emperor Lothair renounced further attacks against the Hohenstaufens. After Lothair's death in 1137 and the following election of Conrad as King of the Romans, Frederick supported his brother in the struggle with the Welfs. According to Otto of Freising , Frederick

612-507: The Second World War miniseries Band of Brothers is set in Haguenau. In the 1968 film The Girl on a Motorcycle , Marianne Faithfull 's character sets out from Haguenau on her fateful journey. Frederick II, Duke of Swabia Frederick II ( German : Friedrich II , 1090 – 6 April 1147), called the One-Eyed ( der Einäugige ), was Duke of Swabia from 1105 until his death,

646-468: The beginning of the 12th century, when Duke Frederick II the One-Eyed (1090 – 6 April 1147) of Swabia erected a hunting lodge on an island in the river Moder . The medieval King and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa fortified the settlement and gave it town rights , important for further development, in 1154. On the site of the hunting lodge he founded an imperial palace he regarded as his favourite residence. In this palace were preserved

680-670: The border by the French Revolutionary Army , causing the “great flight”. In 1871, Haguenau was ceded to the German Empire upon its victory in the Franco-Prussian War ; the community was made part of Alsace-Lorraine , with its Germanic spelling– Hagenau –restored. The Haguenau Airport was built in 1916 by the German military to train fighter and bomber pilots to fight in the First World War . Hagenau

714-462: The centre of the commune before forming half of the eastern border and continuing east to join the Rhine at Neuhaeusel . There is also a large reservoir in the north of the commune. According to the Cassini Map of 1750 Auen- was spelt Augenheim which in modern German would mean "of the eye" + -heim meaning "hamlet or village". The suffix -heim indicates a Frankish origin since before

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748-436: The commune are known as Auenheimois or Auenheimoises in French. The commune has a number of buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments: One structure is registered as an historical object: An isolated infantry Blockhouse, simple flank built in 1932. It housed an officer, a non-commissioned officer and 20 enlisted men. An isolated infantry Blockhouse, simple flank built in 1932. It housed an officer,

782-614: The first creation of villages by the Alemanni . -heim signified a "hamlet" or a group of houses in French from which came the Alemannic hüs from which comes haus which is "house" in German. In 1359 the village was called Oweheim and in 1596 it was Awenheim . Argent, a Roman letter M surmounted by a crossette paty and between three crossettes at dexter, sinister and base all in Sable. List of Successive Mayors The inhabitants of

816-593: The fishermen) and the Porte de Wissembourg ( Wissembourg gate), two fairly large Gothic churches, Saint-Georges and Saint-Nicolas, an ancient water-mill and the old custom-house ( Ancienne Douane ) . Both Saint-Georges and Saint-Nicolas Church have lost many of their artistic treasures over the centuries, especially their medieval stained glass windows and outside sculptures. Still, both display to this day some fine liturgical furniture (altars, choir stalls, organ cases, church tabernacles , calvaries...). Saint-Nicolas has become

850-399: The receptacle for the baroque wooden decoration of the church of the destroyed Neubourg Abbey nearby. French Baroque and classicism has bequeathed the town several buildings, among which the former hospital and the current town hall. The Synagogue (1820) is a fine example of French Neo-classicism , as is the theatre ( Théâtre municipal ) (1846). The large Hop hall ( Halle au houblon )

884-507: The remains of the king's palace razed in order to extinguish German traditions. Haguenau was recaptured by German troops in 1675, but was taken again by the French two years later, when it was nearly destroyed by fire set by looting French troops. In 1793 Prussians and Austrians had occupied Lower Alsace from the Lauter to Moder to support the Royalists and before the year's end were driven back over

918-606: The second from the Hohenstaufen dynasty. His younger brother Conrad was elected King of the Romans in 1138. Frederick II was the eldest son of Duke Frederick I of Swabia and his wife Agnes of Waiblingen , a daughter of the Salian emperor Henry IV . He succeeded his father in 1105 and together with his brother Conrad continued the extension and consolidation of the Hohenstaufen estates. Frederick had numerous castles erected along

952-508: The supporters of Lothair won a number of victories both in Germany and in Italy. Speyer (1129), Nuremberg (1130) and Ulm (1134) were captured; moreover Frederick's consort Judith of Bavaria died in 1130. His second wife, Agnes of Saarbrücken, was a niece of his old enemy Adalbert of Mainz; Frederick married her about 1132. After Lothair was crowned emperor in 1133, Frederick saw himself stuck between

986-434: The town proper largely under American control. Before they withdrew, the Germans demolished bridges, useful buildings, and even the town park. However, as experienced by Haguenau throughout its history, the Germans came back and retook the town in late January. Most of the inhabitants fled with the assistance of the U.S. Army. The Americans launched an immediate counterattack to retake the town. The 313th Infantry Regiment of

1020-597: The tumultuous round of elections, led by Archbishop Adalbert of Mainz, to the Saxon duke Lothair II . Frederick at first rendered homage to the new king, however, he refused the feudal oath and insisted on the inheritance of the Salian family estates along the Middle Rhine . At the 1125 Hoftag diet in Regensburg , the king officially requested the surrender of the Salian possessions. After he imposed an Imperial ban on

1054-681: The turn. After the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War , Haguenau was ceded to the new German Empire. It was part of the German Empire for 48 years from 1871 to 1918, when at the end of World War I it was returned to France. This transfer was officially ratified in 1919 with the Treaty of Versailles . Haguenau is a rapidly growing town, its population having increased from 22,944 inhabitants in 1968 to 34,504 inhabitants in 2017. Haguenau's functional urban area has grown from 54,415 inhabitants in 1968 to 75,933 inhabitants in 2017. Haguenau dates from

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1088-503: The village and there is a station in the commune which, however, appears to be disused. There is a belt of forest through the centre of the commune (the Biergrund) and a large forest in the south-east of the commune (the Unterwald) with substantial urbanisation in the north-west of the commune with the rest farmland. The Moder river comes from the south and passes through the south-west then

1122-513: Was not cleared out of the town until 19 March 1945, after house-to-house fighting. Much of the town had been destroyed despite the Allied reluctance to use artillery to clear out the Germans. Technical Sergeant Morris E. Crain , Company E, 141st Infantry Regiment , 36th Infantry Division was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for providing covering fire for his men on 13 March 1945. The town has

1156-457: Was part of the briefly independent Republic of Alsace-Lorraine after World War I , before being returned to France in 1919. In the Second World War , Germany retook the town in 1940. In November 1944 the area surrounding Haguenau was under the control of the 256th Volksgrenadier Division under the command of General Gerhard Franz . On 1 December 1944, the 314th Infantry Regiment of

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