98-540: Atlassian Corporation ( / ə t ˈ l æ s i ə n / ) is an Australian software company that specializes in collaboration tools designed primarily for software development and project management . The company is globally headquartered in Sydney , Australia, with a US headquarters in San Francisco , and over 12,000 employees across 14 countries. Atlassian currently serves over 300,000 customers in over 200 countries across
196-599: A Git repository for enterprises, later renamed Bitbucket Server. Also, Doug Burgum became chairman of its board of directors in July 2012. In May 2015, the company announced its acquisition of work chat company Hall, intending to migrate all of Hall's customers across to its chat product HipChat . In April 2015, Atlassian announced that it had acquired Blue Jimp—the company behind Jitsi —to expand its video capabilities. A small startup called Dogwood Labs in Denver , Colorado, which had
294-549: A code base . FishEye, Crucible, and Clover came into Atlassian's portfolio by acquiring another Australian software company, Cenqua, in 2007. In 2010, Atlassian acquired Bitbucket , a hosted service for code collaboration. In 2012, Atlassian acquired HipChat , an instant messenger for workplace environments. Then in May 2012, Atlassian Marketplace was introduced as a website where customers can download plug-ins for various Atlassian products. That same year Atlassian also released Stash,
392-484: A Black candidate". Michael Seibel , then-CEO of Y Combinator, was subsequently named to the board. On December 13, 2020, Reddit announced it had acquired short-form video social platform Dubsmash , hiring its entire team, with the intention of integrating its video creation tools into Reddit. On March 5, 2021, Reddit announced that it had appointed Drew Vollero, who had worked at Snapchat 's parent company Snap (SNAP), as its first Chief Financial Officer weeks after
490-886: A brainstorming session to pitch another startup, the idea was created for what Graham called the "front page of the Internet". For this idea, Huffman and Ohanian were accepted in Y Combinator's first class. Supported by the funding from Y Combinator, Huffman coded the site in Common Lisp and together with Ohanian launched Reddit in June 2005. Embarrassed by an empty-looking site, the founders created hundreds of fake users for their posts to make it look more populated. The team expanded to include Christopher Slowe in November 2005. Between November 2005 and January 2006, Reddit merged with Aaron Swartz 's company Infogami, and Swartz became an equal owner of
588-556: A breach, as it could not itself confirm whether their systems were affected. The flaw has since been fixed via an update that the customers would need to apply. At the end of August 2024, Farquhar stepped down as co-CEO, leaving Cannon-Brookes as the sole CEO of the company. Farquhar remains on the board and as a special adviser. In July 2019, cybersecurity researcher Sam Jadali exposed a catastrophic data leak known as DataSpii involving clickstream data provider DDMR and marketing intelligence company Nacho Analytics (NA). Branding itself as
686-678: A common foundation named Baseplate. It was originally implemented in Python, but since 2019, parts of it have been reimplemented in Go for better performance. Reddit also runs its services through Kubernetes and uses Spinnaker for continuous delivery . In early 2009, Reddit started using jQuery . In 2017, Reddit announced it adopted TypeScript for its UI redesign. Reddit's search function has had many iterations and currently uses Lucidworks Fusion to implementation. In 2010, Reddit released its first mobile web interface for easier reading and navigating
784-412: A deadline. Software analysis begins with a requirements analysis to capture the business needs of the software. Challenges for the identification of needs are that current or potential users may have different and incompatible needs, may not understand their own needs, and change their needs during the process of software development. Ultimately, the result of analysis is a detailed specification for
882-427: A funding round led by Sam Altman and including investors Marc Andreessen , Peter Thiel , Ron Conway , Snoop Dogg , and Jared Leto . Their investment valued the company at $ 500 million at the time. In July 2017, Reddit raised $ 200 million for a $ 1.8 billion valuation; Advance Publications remained the majority stakeholder. In February 2019, a $ 300 million funding round led by Tencent brought
980-494: A given subreddit were rolled out in 2018. Reddit Talk was announced in April 2021 as a competitor to Clubhouse . Reddit Talk lets subreddit moderators start audio meeting rooms that mimic Clubhouse in design. In 2022, Reddit Talk was updated to support recording audio rooms and work on the web version of Reddit. A desktop app is reportedly slated for a late February release. Reddit Public Access Network , commonly known as RPAN ,
1078-428: A group formed to organize future protests. Yishan Wong joined Reddit as CEO in 2012. Wong resigned from Reddit in 2014, citing disagreements about his proposal to move the company's offices from San Francisco to nearby Daly City , but also the "stressful and draining" nature of the position. Ohanian credited Wong with the company's newfound success as its user base grew from 35 million to 174 million. Wong oversaw
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#17328728069251176-461: A lecture by programmer-entrepreneur Paul Graham in Boston, Massachusetts , during their spring break from University of Virginia . After speaking with Huffman and Ohanian following the lecture, Graham invited the two to apply to his startup incubator Y Combinator . Their initial idea, My Mobile Menu, was unsuccessful, and was intended to allow users to order food by SMS text messaging . During
1274-514: A major redesign of its website in April 2018. Huffman said new users were turned off from Reddit because it had looked like a "dystopian Craigslist". Reddit also instituted several technological improvements, such as a new tool that allows users to hide posts, comments, and private messages from selected redditors in an attempt to curb online harassment , and new content guidelines. These new content guidelines were aimed at banning content inciting violence and quarantining offensive material. Slowe,
1372-454: A natural language processing company. In September 2022, Reddit acquired Spiketrap for an undisclosed sum. In April 2023, Fidelity , the lead investor in Reddit's funding round in 2021, devalued its investment in Reddit by 41% cumulatively. It was revealed in a monthly disclosure that Fidelity valued its stake at $ 16.6 million, down from its initial investment of $ 28.2 million which had valued
1470-662: A new image uploading tool, a move that shifted away from the uploading service Imgur that had been the de facto service. Users still can upload images to Reddit using Imgur. Reddit's in-house video uploading service for desktop and mobile launched in 2017. Previously, users had to use third-party video uploading services, which Reddit acknowledged was time-consuming for users. Reddit released its "spoiler tags" feature in January 2017. The feature warns users of potential spoilers in posts and pixelates preview images. Reddit unveiled changes to its public front page, called r/popular, in 2017;
1568-553: A new revenue stream for the business that did not rely on banner ads. On September 6, 2011, Reddit became operationally independent of Condé Nast, operating as a separate subsidiary of its parent company, Advance Publications. Reddit and other websites participated in a 12-hour sitewide blackout on January 18, 2012, in protest of the Stop Online Piracy Act . In May 2012, Reddit joined the Internet Defense League ,
1666-496: A partnership with Google in a deal worth about $ 60 million per year, to license its real-time user content to train Google's AI model. The partnership also lets Reddit get access to Google's "Vertex AI" service which would help improve search results on Reddit. In March 2024 it was announced that Reddit would target a valuation of up to $ 6.4 billion in its U.S. IPO. The platform intends to sell 22 million class A common shares at
1764-479: A price between $ 31 and $ 34 alongside some of its investors, looking to raise up to $ 748 million. Reddit's initial public offering opened on March 20, 2024, at $ 34 per share and a $ 6.4 billion valuation. They went public the next day on the New York Stock Exchange at $ 47 per share and rose to $ 50.44 at market close on their first day of trading, reaching a market cap of $ 9.5 billion. On May 16, 2024, it
1862-409: A product called StatusPage (that hosts pages updating customers during outages and maintenance), was acquired in July 2016. In January 2017, Atlassian announced the purchase of Trello for $ 425 million. On 7 September 2017, the company launched Stride, a web chat alternative to Slack . Less than a year later, on 26 July 2018, Atlassian announced it was going to exit the chat business, that it had sold
1960-425: A provider of IT service management software, for an undisclosed amount. On 26 February 2021, Atlassian acquired the cloud-based visualization and analytics company Chartio. On 19 April 2023, Atlassian announced a set of new features, branded as "Atlassian Intelligence", which integrate technology from OpenAI . Then, on 12 October 2023, Atlassian agreed to buy video messaging company Loom for US$ 975 million, with
2058-517: A way to increase revenue for the platform. Later, a five-day testing period began. During the testing period, streaming was for a select group of users, allowing 30 minutes of streaming per person and 100 slots. On July 1, 2020, RPAN Studio was released, an application that allows users to broadcast live from desktop computers. RPAN Studio has been built on top of OBS , an open-source streaming and recording program. On January 28, 2021, Reddit permanently increased streaming times to three hours. RPAN
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#17328728069252156-531: Is $ 10 billion. Reddit has received praise for many of its features, such as the ability to create several subreddits for niche communities, being a platform for raising publicity for numerous causes, and has grown to be one of the most visited websites on the Internet . It has also received criticism for spreading misinformation . The idea and initial development of Reddit originated with college roommates Steve Huffman and Alexis Ohanian in 2005, who attended
2254-511: Is a framework that provides the viewpoints on the system and its environment , to be used in the software development process . It is a graphical representation of the underlying semantics of a view. The purpose of viewpoints and views is to enable human engineers to comprehend very complex systems and to organize the elements of the problem around domains of expertise . In the engineering of physically intensive systems, viewpoints often correspond to capabilities and responsibilities within
2352-408: Is a popular way of managing changes made to the software. Whenever a new version is checked in, the software saves a backup of all modified files. If multiple programmers are working on the software simultaneously, it manages the merging of their code changes. The software highlights cases where there is a conflict between two sets of changes and allows programmers to fix the conflict. A view model
2450-446: Is a premium membership that allows users to view the site ad-free. Until 2023, subscribers could also use coins to award posts or comments they valued, generally due to humorous or high-quality content. Reddit Premium unlocks several features not accessible to regular users, such as comment highlighting, exclusive subreddits such as r/lounge, a personalized Snoo (known as a "snoovatar"), and a Reddit premium trophy that can be displayed on
2548-416: Is a website comprising user-generated content —including photos, videos, links, and text-based posts—and discussions of this content in what is essentially a bulletin board system . The name "Reddit" is a play-on-words with the phrase "read it", i.e., "I read it on Reddit." According to Reddit, in 2019, there were approximately 430 million monthly users, who are known as "redditors". The site's content
2646-449: Is correctly incorporated with the newer software. Design involves choices about the implementation of the software, such as which programming languages and database software to use, or how the hardware and network communications will be organized. Design may be iterative with users consulted about their needs in a process of trial and error . Design often involves people expert in aspect such as database design , screen architecture, and
2744-433: Is divided into categories or communities known on-site as "subreddits", of which there are more than 138,000 active communities. As a network of communities, Reddit's core content consists of posts from its users. Users can comment on others' posts to continue the conversation. A key feature to Reddit is that users can cast positive or negative votes, called upvotes and downvotes respectively, for each post and comment on
2842-833: Is essential to success. This is more easily achieved if the team is small, used to working together, and located near each other. Communications also help identify problems at an earlier state of development and avoid duplicated effort. Many development projects avoid the risk of losing essential knowledge held by only one employee by ensuring that multiple workers are familiar with each component. Software development involves professionals from various fields, not just software programmers but also individuals specialized in testing, documentation writing, graphic design , user support, marketing , and fundraising. Although workers for proprietary software are paid, most contributors to open-source software are volunteers. Alternately, they may be paid by companies whose business model does not involve selling
2940-478: Is for posting news articles from around the world. In a 2014 interview with Memeburn , Erik Martin, then the general manager of Reddit, remarked that their "approach is to give the community moderators or curators as much control as possible so that they can shape and cultivate the type of communities they want". Subreddits often use themed variants of Reddit's alien mascot, Snoo , in the visual styling of their communities. Reddit Premium (formerly Reddit Gold)
3038-399: Is helpful for new developers to understand the project when they begin working on it. In agile development, the documentation is often written at the same time as the code. User documentation is more frequently written by technical writers . Accurate estimation is crucial at the feasibility stage and in delivering the product on time and within budget. The process of generating estimations
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3136-422: Is inefficient, difficult to understand, or lacking documentation on its functionality. These standards are especially likely to break down in the presence of deadlines. As a result, testing, debugging, and revising the code becomes much more difficult. Code refactoring , for example adding more comments to the code, is a solution to improve the understandability of code. Testing is the process of ensuring that
3234-744: Is more encompassing than programming , writing code , in that it includes conceiving the goal, evaluating feasibility, analyzing requirements , design , testing and release . The process is part of software engineering which also includes organizational management , project management , configuration management and other aspects. Software development involves many skills and job specializations including programming , testing , documentation , graphic design , user support , marketing , and fundraising . Software development involves many tools including: compiler , integrated development environment (IDE), version control , computer-aided software engineering , and word processor . The details of
3332-440: Is often delegated by the project manager . Because the effort estimation is directly related to the size of the complete application, it is strongly influenced by addition of features in the requirements—the more requirements, the higher the development cost. Aspects not related to functionality, such as the experience of the software developers and code reusability, are also essential to consider in estimation. As of 2019 , most of
3430-432: Is often used to break down the customer's requirements into pieces that can be implemented by software programmers. The underlying logic of the program may be represented in data-flow diagrams , data dictionaries , pseudocode , state transition diagrams , and/or entity relationship diagrams . If the project incorporates a piece of legacy software that has not been modeled, this software may be modeled to help ensure it
3528-630: Is planned to be the world's tallest hybrid timber structure and will embody leading sustainability technologies and principles. In March 2023, the firm announced layoffs of 500 employees, or 5% of its workforce. In October 2023, Microsoft identified a severe zero-day vulnerability that can be exploited remotely and anonymously in Atlassian's Confluence product. It also accused Chinese state-backed group known as Storm-0062, DarkShadow, or Oro0lxy, of breaking into Atlassian customers' systems several weeks earlier. Atlassian asked its customers to look for signs of
3626-401: Is robust to heavy levels of input or usage), integration testing (to ensure that the software is adequately integrated with other software), and compatibility testing (measuring the software's performance across different operating systems or browsers). When tests are written before the code, this is called test-driven development . Production is the phase in which software is deployed to
3724-471: The programming language ). Documentation comes in two forms that are usually kept separate—that intended for software developers, and that made available to the end user to help them use the software. Most developer documentation is in the form of code comments for each file, class , and method that cover the application programming interface (API)—how the piece of software can be accessed by another—and often implementation details. This documentation
3822-594: The "God mode for the internet," NA granted its free and paid members the ability to access real-time Jira and Confluence data from Atlassian's cloud and on-premise products, impacting thousands of Atlassian customers including Reddit , FireEye, NBC Digital, BuzzFeed , AlienVault, Cardinal Health , T-Mobile, and Under Armour . Ars Technica's coverage of Jadali's findings highlighted DataSpii's ability to disseminate sensitive Atlassian Jira data, including Blue Origin staff's competitor discussions and technical issues with sensors, equipment and manifolds. DataSpii circumvented
3920-985: The CEO of Reddit ( Steve Huffman ). Subreddits are overseen by moderators, Reddit users who earn the title by creating a subreddit or being promoted by a current moderator. Reddit users may also request to moderate a sub that has no moderators or very inactive ones in r/redditrequest. These requests are reviewed by the Reddit admins. Moderators are volunteers who manage their communities, set and enforce community-specific rules, remove posts and comments that violate these rules, and generally work to keep discussions in their subreddit on topic. Admins, by contrast, are paid to work for Reddit. Reddit also releases transparency reports annually which have information like how many posts have been taken down by moderators and for what reason. It also details information about requests law enforcement agencies have made for information about users or to take down content. In 2020, Reddit removed 6% of posts made on
4018-496: The Lisp community, the change was justified by the efficiency and clarity Python provided for the project. This initiative not only influenced the technical evolution of Reddit but also contributed to the broader web development community by inspiring other frameworks and remaining a significant part of Reddit's history. (In 2020, Ohanian claimed that rather than Swartz being a co-founder, the correct description would be that Swartz's company
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4116-614: The Vault. Richard Lawler of The Verge described them as " non-fungible tokens (NFTs) that are available for purchase in the Reddit Avatar Builder". In 2017, Reddit developed its own real-time chat software for the site. While some established subreddits have used third-party software to chat about their communities, the company built chat functions that it hopes will become an integral part of Reddit. Individual chat rooms were rolled out in 2017 and community chat rooms for members of
4214-460: The activity that redditors would recognize that helped define Reddit. These include subreddits "WTF", "funny", and "AskReddit". Reddit rolled out its multireddit feature, the site's biggest change to its front page in years, in 2013. With the multireddits, users see top stories from a collection of subreddits. In 2015, Reddit enabled embedding and as a result users could share Reddit content on other sites. In 2016, Reddit began hosting images using
4312-489: The available methodologies are best suited to specific kinds of projects, based on various technical, organizational, project, and team considerations. Another focus in many programming methodologies is the idea of trying to catch issues such as security vulnerabilities and bugs as early as possible ( shift-left testing ) to reduce the cost of tracking and fixing them. In 2009, it was estimated that 32 percent of software projects were delivered on time and budget, and with
4410-424: The code and libraries written for Reddit were freely available on GitHub , with the exception of the anti-spam/cheating portions. In a September 2017 announcement, the company stated that "we've been doing a bad job of keeping our open-source product repos up to date", partially because "open-source makes it hard for us to develop some features 'in the clear'... without leaking our plans too far in advance", prompting
4508-423: The code executes correctly and without errors. Debugging is performed by each software developer on their own code to confirm that the code does what it is intended to. In particular, it is crucial that the software executes on all inputs, even if the result is incorrect. Code reviews by other developers are often used to scrutinize new code added to the project, and according to some estimates dramatically reduce
4606-414: The company announced that it had acquired Agilecraft for $ 166 million. On 17 October 2019, Atlassian completed the acquisition of Code Barrel, makers of "Automation for Jira", available on Jira Marketplace. On 12 May 2020, Atlassian acquired Halp, a tool that generates helpdesk tickets from Slack conversations, for an undisclosed amount. On 30 July 2020, Atlassian announced the acquisition of Mindville,
4704-692: The company as it raised $ 50 million in funding and spun off as an independent company. Also during this time, Reddit began accepting the digital currency Bitcoin for its Reddit Gold subscription service through a partnership with bitcoin payment processor Coinbase in February 2013. Ellen Pao replaced Wong as interim CEO in 2014 and resigned in 2015 amid a user revolt over the firing of a popular Reddit employee. During her tenure, Reddit initiated an anti-harassment policy, banned involuntary sexualization, and banned several forums that focused on bigoted content or harassment of individuals. After five years away from
4802-531: The company at $ 10 billion. This was followed by an announcement in June 2023 of plans to layoff 5% of Reddit's workforce and to reduce the number of planned hires for the year. In June 2023, The BlackCat hacker gang claimed responsibility for a February 2023 breach of Reddit's systems. On its data leak site, it claimed that it stole 80 GB of compressed data and demanded a $ 4.5 million ransom from Reddit. This attack did not involve data encryption like typical ransomware campaigns. In February 2024, Reddit announced
4900-403: The company introduced a TikTok -like short-form video feature for iOS that lets users rapidly swipe through a feed of short video content. In December 2021, the company introduced a Spotify Wrapped -like feature called Reddit Recap that recaps various statistics from January 1 to November 30 about each individual user, such as how much time they spent on Reddit, which communities they joined, and
4998-459: The company's annual revenue. Subreddits (officially called communities) are user-created areas of interest where discussions on Reddit are organized. There are about 138,000 active subreddits (among a total of 1.2 million) as of July 2018 . Subreddit names begin with "r/"; for instance, " r/science " is a community devoted to discussing scientific publications, while "r/gaming" is a community devoted to discussing video games, and "r/worldnews"
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#17328728069255096-456: The company's first employee, rejoined Reddit in 2017 as chief technology officer. Reddit's largest round of funding came in 2017 when the company raised $ 200 million and was valued at $ 1.8 billion. The funding supported Reddit's site redesign and video efforts. On June 5, 2020, Ohanian resigned as a member of the board in response to the George Floyd protests and requested to be replaced "by
5194-460: The company's valuation to $ 3 billion. In August 2021, a $ 700 million funding round led by Fidelity Investments raised that valuation to over $ 10 billion. The company then reportedly filed for an IPO in December 2021 with a valuation of $ 15 billion. Reddit debuted on the stock market on the morning of March 21, 2024, with the ticker symbol RDDT. The current—July 2024—market cap
5292-450: The company, Ohanian and Huffman returned to leadership roles at Reddit: Ohanian became the full-time executive chairman in November 2014 following Wong's resignation, while Pao's departure on July 10, 2015, led to Huffman's return as the company's chief executive. After Huffman rejoined Reddit as CEO, he launched Reddit's iOS and Android apps, improved Reddit's mobile website, and created A/B testing infrastructure. The company launched
5390-455: The data pipeline. Reddit uses Redis and its implementation of HyperLogLog to cache approximate page views with an underlying Apache Cassandra cluster for persistence. For general caching of queries and memoization , Reddit uses memcached behind Facebook's memcached router, mcrouter. In 2017, it had almost 3.3 terabytes of memory on 54 EC2 instances dedicated to caching split across different pools. Services at Reddit are structured around
5488-481: The data to additional third parties, often within minutes of acquisition, endangering the privacy of the sensitive data collected. Atlassian operates under the principle that "software should be bought, not sold." Instead of running a traditional sales team, they opted to build a self-service purchase experience. This was considered risky in the early 2000s, but the strategy worked better than expected when they awoke one morning to an order form from American Airlines in
5586-775: The decision to archive its public GitHub repos. As of November 10, 2009 , Reddit decommissioned its servers which it owned and migrated to Amazon Web Services , using EC2 for application services and S3 for storage. Reddit uses PostgreSQL as its primary datastore. As part of an effort to be more data-driven, Reddit built a data analytics pipeline on top of Apache Kafka and Hive as its data warehouse . It uses Amazon's Elastic MapReduce to run Hadoop workloads across Hive and stores results in S3, eventually putting data in Amazon RDS for visualization purposes. It also uses HAProxy for load balancing and Jenkins and Apache Pig in
5684-408: The end user. During production, the developer may create technical support resources for users or a process for fixing bugs and errors that were not caught earlier. There might also be a return to earlier development phases if user needs changed or were misunderstood. Software development is performed by software developers , usually working on a team. Efficient communications between team members
5782-430: The engineering organization. Fitness functions are automated and objective tests to ensure that the new developments don't deviate from the established constraints, checks and compliance controls. Intellectual property can be an issue when developers integrate open-source code or libraries into a proprietary product, because most open-source licenses used for software require that modifications be released under
5880-410: The fax machine. While a majority of sales are made through their website, Atlassian also runs a partner program where solution partners not only provide knowledge about Atlassian products but can also assist with product implementation and configuration depending on their partner classification. Additional products include Crucible , FishEye , Bamboo, and Clover , which target programmers working with
5978-477: The full functionality. An additional 44 percent were delivered, but missing at least one of these features. The remaining 24 percent were cancelled prior to release. Software development life cycle refers to the systematic process of developing applications . The sources of ideas for software products are plentiful. These ideas can come from market research including the demographics of potential new customers, existing customers, sales prospects who rejected
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#17328728069256076-410: The globe. In 2001, Mike Cannon-Brookes sent an email to his University of New South Wales classmates asking if any of them were interested in helping him launch a tech startup after graduation. Scott Farquhar was the only one who replied, and together they founded Atlassian in 2002. They bootstrapped the company for several years, financing the startup with a $ 10,000 credit card debt . The name
6174-460: The intellectual property for HipChat and Stride to competitor Slack , and that it was going to shut down HipChat and Stride in 2019. As part of the deal, Atlassian took a small stake in Slack. On 4 September 2018, the company acquired OpsGenie (a tool that generates alerts for helpdesk tickets) for $ 295 million. In October 2018, the company announced that it was selling Jitsi to 8x8 . On 18 March 2019,
6272-466: The intention to integrate Loom's technology into its existing services. In April 2024, Atlassian released Rovo, a set of search and automation tools that use AI. On 29 August 2024, Atlassian acquired the AI-powered meeting recorder company Rewatch. Software development Software development is the process of designing and implementing a software solution to satisfy a user . The process
6370-451: The most effective security measures, enabling the unauthorized dissemination of Jira data from the internal corporate networks of leading cybersecurity firms. This resulted in the real-time leakage of Jira tickets containing the cybersecurity issues of entities such as the Pentagon, Bank of America, AT&T, and others. Jadali's investigation revealed that DDMR facilitated rapid dissemination of
6468-612: The next year it announced that revenue had increased 35% in the previous year to $ 102 million. The 2014 restructuring saw the parent company became Atlassian Corporation PLC of the UK whose address was registered in London though the de facto headquarters remained in Sydney. In 2013, Atlassian announced a Jira service desk product with full service-level agreement support. In November 2015, Atlassian announced sales of $ 320 million, and Shona Brown
6566-407: The number of bugs persisting after testing is complete. Once the code has been submitted, quality assurance —a separate department of non-programmers for most large companies—test the accuracy of the entire software product. Acceptance tests derived from the original software requirements are a popular tool for this. Quality testing also often includes stress and load checking (whether the software
6664-403: The performance of servers and other hardware. Designers often attempt to find patterns in the software's functionality to spin off distinct modules that can be reused with object-oriented programming . An example of this is the model–view–controller , an interface between a graphical user interface and the backend . The central feature of software development is creating and understanding
6762-424: The platform (approx. 233 million). More than 99% of removals were marked as spam; the remainder made up of a mix of other offensive content. Around 131 million posts were removed by the automated moderator and the rest were taken down manually. It is estimated that Reddit's moderators do a total of 466 hours of work every day, which totals up to $ 3.4 million in unpaid work each year. This roughly equates to 2.8% of
6860-463: The process used for a development effort varies. The process may be confined to a formal, documented standard , or it can be customized and emergent for the development effort. The process may be sequential, in which each major phase (i.e. design, implement and test) is completed before the next begins, but an iterative approach – where small aspects are separately designed, implemented and tested – can reduce risk and cost and increase quality. Each of
6958-424: The product that developers can work from. Software analysts often decompose the project into smaller objects, components that can be reused for increased cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and reliability. Decomposing the project may enable a multi-threaded implementation that runs significantly faster on multiprocessor computers. During the analysis and design phases of software development, structured analysis
7056-466: The product, other internal software development staff, or a creative third party. Ideas for software products are usually first evaluated by marketing personnel for economic feasibility, fit with existing channels of distribution, possible effects on existing product lines, required features , and fit with the company's marketing objectives. In the marketing evaluation phase, the cost and time assumptions become evaluated. The feasibility analysis estimates
7154-503: The project's return on investment , its development cost and timeframe. Based on this analysis, the company can make a business decision to invest in further development. After deciding to develop the software, the company is focused on delivering the product at or below the estimated cost and time, and with a high standard of quality (i.e., lack of bugs) and the desired functionality. Nevertheless, most software projects run late and sometimes compromises are made in features or quality to meet
7252-430: The resulting parent company, Not A Bug. Swartz went on to help rewrite the software running Reddit using web.py, a web framework he developed. The passage from Aaron Swartz's blog post "Rewriting Reddit" reveals that the switch from Lisp to Python, specifically using the web.py framework developed by Swartz, was driven by a desire for simplicity, maintainability, and performance. Despite facing skepticism and critique from
7350-608: The same license. As an alternative, developers may choose a proprietary alternative or write their own software module. Reddit Reddit ( / ˈ r ɛ d ɪ t / ) is an American social news aggregation , content rating , and forum social network. Registered users (commonly referred to as "Redditors") submit content to the site such as links, text posts, images, and videos, which are then voted up or down ("upvoted" or "downvoted") by other members. Posts are organized by subject into user-created boards called "subreddits". Submissions with more upvotes appear towards
7448-467: The site was thrust into the spotlight due to its role in the GameStop trading frenzy. Vollero's appointment spurred speculation of an initial public offering, a move that senior leaders have considered publicly. In December 2021, Reddit revealed that it had confidentially filed for an initial public offering with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission . In June 2022, Reddit acquired MeaningCloud ,
7546-542: The site's numerous subreddits are visible on the front page to those who browse the site without an account. By default for those users, the front page will display the subreddit r/popular, featuring top-ranked posts across all of Reddit, excluding not-safe-for-work communities and others that are most commonly filtered out by users (even if they are safe for work). The subreddit r/all originally did not filter topics, but as of 2021 it does not include not-safe-for-work content. Registered users who subscribe to subreddits see
7644-451: The site. The number of upvotes or downvotes determines the posts' visibility on the site, so the most popular content is displayed to the most people. Users can also earn "karma" for their posts and comments, a status that reflects their standing within the community and their contributions to Reddit. Posts are sometimes automatically archived after six months, meaning they can no longer be commented or voted on. The most popular posts from
7742-427: The software that implements the desired functionality. There are various strategies for writing the code. Cohesive software has various components that are independent from each other. Coupling is the interrelation of different software components, which is viewed as undesirable because it increases the difficulty of maintenance . Often, software programmers do not follow industry best practices, resulting in code that
7840-403: The software, but something else—such as services and modifications to open source software. Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) is tools for the partial automation of software development. CASE enables designers to sketch out the logic of a program, whether one to be written, or an already existing one to help integrate it with new code or reverse engineer it (for example, to change
7938-520: The tools for estimating the amount of time and resources for software development were designed for conventional applications and are not applicable to web applications or mobile applications . An integrated development environment (IDE) supports software development with enhanced features compared to a simple text editor . IDEs often include automated compiling , syntax highlighting of errors, debugging assistance, integration with version control , and semi-automation of tests. Version control
8036-436: The top content from the subreddits to which they subscribe on their personal front pages. Additionally, some subreddits have a karma and account age requirement to discourage bots and spammers from posting. Front-page rank—for both the general front page and for individual subreddits—is determined by a combination of factors, including the age of the submission, positive ("upvoted") to negative ("downvoted") feedback ratio, and
8134-431: The top of their subreddit and, if they receive enough upvotes, ultimately on the site's front page. Reddit administrators moderate the communities. Moderation is also conducted by community-specific moderators, who are unpaid volunteers. It is operated by Reddit, Inc. , based in San Francisco . As of August 2024, Reddit is the 9th most-visited website in the world . According to data provided by Similarweb , 51.75% of
8232-453: The topics that they engaged with, and allows the user to view it. On July 7, 2022, Reddit announced ' blockchain -backed Collectible Avatars', customizable avatars which are available on the subreddit r/CollectibleAvatars for purchase separate from Reddit Premium. The avatars were created by independent artists who post work on other subreddits, and who receive a portion of the profits. They use Reddit's Polygon blockchain-powered digital wallet
8330-442: The total vote-count. Registering an account with Reddit is free and requires an email address. In addition to commenting and voting, registered users can also create their own subreddit on a topic of their choosing. In Reddit style, usernames begin with "u/". Noteworthy redditors include u/Poem_for_your_sprog, who responds to messages across Reddit in verse, u/Shitty_Watercolour who posts paintings in response to posts, and u/spez,
8428-426: The user's profile. Reddit Gold was renamed to Reddit Premium in 2018. In addition to gold coins, users were able to gift silver and platinum coins to other users as rewards for quality content. On the site, redditors commemorate their "cake day" once a year, on the anniversary of the day their account was created. Cake day adds an icon of a small slice of cake next to the user's name for 24 hours. In August 2021,
8526-903: The website on touch screen devices. For several years, redditors relied on third-party apps to access Reddit on mobile devices. In October 2014, Reddit acquired one of them, Alien Blue, which became the official iOS Reddit app. Reddit removed Alien Blue and released its official application, Reddit: The Official App, on Google Play and the iOS App Store in April 2016. The company released an app for Reddit's question-and-answer Ask Me Anything subreddit in 2014. The app allowed users to see active Ask Me Anythings, receive notifications, ask questions and vote. The site has undergone several products and design changes since it originally launched in 2005. When it initially launched, there were no comments or subreddits. Comments were added in 2005 and interest-based groups (called 'subreddits') were introduced in 2008. Allowing users to create subreddits has led to much of
8624-620: The website traffic comes from the United States, followed by the United Kingdom at 7.15% and Canada at 7.09%. Reddit was founded by University of Virginia roommates Steve Huffman and Alexis Ohanian , as well as Aaron Swartz , in 2005. Condé Nast Publications acquired the site in October 2006. In 2011, Reddit became an independent subsidiary of Condé Nast's parent company, Advance Publications . In October 2014, Reddit raised $ 50 million in
8722-423: Was "responsible for keeping the site going" under Condé Nast's ownership. Martin facilitated the purchase of RedditGifts and led charity initiatives. Reddit launched two different ways of advertising on the site in 2009. The company launched sponsored content and a self-serve ads platform that year. Reddit launched its Reddit Gold benefits program in July 2010, which offered new features to editors and created
8820-488: Was US$ 26.6 billion. Cannon-Brookes and Farquhar own approximately 30% each. In October 2020, Atlassian announced the end of support for their "Server" products with sales ending in February 2021 and support ending in February 2024 to focus on "Cloud" and "Data Center" editions. In October 2021, Atlassian received approval to construct their new Headquarters in Sydney, which will anchor the Tech Central precinct. Their building
8918-412: Was a live streaming service run by Reddit. Viewers interacted with streams by upvoting or downvoting, chatting, and giving paid awards. During the off-air hours, 24/7 streaming was possible to the dedicated subreddits, but with limited slots and capabilities. On August 19, 2019, Reddit announced RPAN. It was said to be in testing, but they were experimenting with making it a permanent program, as well as
9016-402: Was acquired by Reddit 6 months after he and Huffman had started.) Huffman and Ohanian sold Reddit to Condé Nast Publications , owner of Wired , on October 31, 2006, for a reported $ 10 million to $ 20 million and the team moved to San Francisco . In November 2006, Swartz blogged complaining about the new corporate environment, criticizing its level of productivity. In January 2007, Swartz
9114-648: Was added to its board. On 10 December 2015, Atlassian made its initial public offering (IPO) on the NASDAQ stock exchange, under the symbol TEAM, putting the market capitalization of Atlassian at $ 4.37 billion. The IPO made its founders Farquhar and Cannon-Brookes Australia's first tech startup billionaires and household names in their native country, despite Atlassian being called a "very boring software company" in The New York Times for its focus on development and management software. In March 2019, Atlassian's value
9212-606: Was announced that Reddit and OpenAI had reached a deal that will allow OpenAI access to the Reddit API to train its models, while Reddit will receive certain AI tools for moderators and users. Reddit's share price increased by 42% after reporting its third-quarter results in October 2024, where it recorded its first quarterly profit. The surge was also attributed in part to increases in revenue from AI content licensing and advertising, and reaching close to 100 million active users. Reddit
9310-708: Was derived from the Greek mythological figure Atlas . Initially, Cannon-Brookes and Farquhar were engaged in supporting other customer service teams, which required them to be available for calls at all hours. They were also unhappy with the bug-tracking software they were using at the time. To solve these issues, they developed Atlassian's flagship product, Jira , a project and issue tracking tool, and shifted their focus to selling this software. Then, in 2004, Atlassian launched its team collaboration platform named Confluence . In July 2010, Atlassian raised $ 60 million in secondaries venture capital from Accel Partners . By June of
9408-417: Was fired for undisclosed reasons. Huffman and Ohanian left Reddit in 2009. Huffman went on to co-found Hipmunk with Adam Goldstein , and later recruited Ohanian and Slowe to the new company. After Huffman and Ohanian left Reddit, Erik Martin, who joined the company as a community manager in 2008 and later became general manager in 2011, played a role in Reddit's growth. VentureBeat noted that Martin
9506-413: Was officially discontinued on November 15, 2022. In 2019, Reddit tested a new feature that allowed users to tip others. It was only made available for a user named Chris who goes by the alias u/shittymorph , who was known for posting well-written comments, only for them to end with the same copypasta referencing the 1998 Hell in a Cell match between wrestlers The Undertaker and Mankind . Reddit
9604-498: Was originally written in Common Lisp but was rewritten in Python in December 2005 for wider access to code libraries and greater development flexibility. The Python web framework that Swartz developed to run the site, web.py , is available as an open source project. As of November 10, 2009 , Reddit used Pylons as its web framework. Reddit was an open source project from June 18, 2008, until 2017. During that time, all of
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