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40-464: The church was not commissioned, but built as a private chapel for the greater glory of God and the salvation of the builders. This also allowed the Asam brothers to build in line with their ideas as independent contractors. For example, Egid Quirin Asam could see the altar through a window of his private house next to the church ( Asamhaus ). He also designed the church as a Beichtkirche (confession church) for

80-567: A bomb attack in 1944, the choir was heavily damaged. Interior restoration from 1975 to 1983 proceeded according to source study, restoring a hypothetical original appearance of the choir. The Asams bought four houses for their project, the southern house built in the 16th century. When Egid took possession of the house, he sculpted lavish exterior stucco ornamentation as was typical for the South German rococo , an ornament technique inspired by Lüftlmalerei (an artistic expression of paintings on

120-453: A later date. Compared to other more strictly patterned Baroque churches, the Asamkirche shows some peculiarities due to its status as a private chapel. The church altar is situated in the west, not the east as usual. In addition, the crucifix opposite the pulpit was hung unusually low. In Baroque churches it was to hang above the pulpit, so that the preacher had to look up to Jesus Christ. In

160-960: A son: Charles VII, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany and of Bohemia, Duke in the Upper and Lower Bavaria as well as the Upper Palatinate , Count-Palatine of the Rhine , Archduke of Austria, Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg , etc. etc. [REDACTED] Media related to Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor at Wikimedia Commons Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska Theresa Kunegunda ( Polish : Teresa Kunegunda Sobieska , German : Kurfürstin Therese Kunigunde ), ( French : Thérèse-Cunégonde Sobieska ) (4 March 1676 – 27 March 1730)

200-816: A stay in Venice , the Austrian authorities refused to allow the Electress to return to Bavaria and forced her into exile, which lasted ten years. Maximilian Emanuel went also into exile to Compiègne after on 29 April 1706, an Imperial ban was imposed on him, as he again had been defeated at the Battle of Ramillies a few days earlier. Only in 1715 was the family reconciled. After reaching his majority in August 1715, Charles undertook an educational tour to Italy from 3 December 1715 to 24 August 1716. In 1717, he served among Bavarian auxiliaries in

240-661: Is buried in the crypt of the Theatinerkirche in Munich. His heart was separately buried in the Shrine of Our Lady of Altötting . Georg Philipp Telemann composed his requiem "I was Hoping for Light". King Frederick the Great of Prussia wrote in 1746, "This death robbed me of the emperor, who was my friend". Charles' brother Klemens August was more pro-Austrian, and Charles' son and successor Maximilian III Joseph made peace with Austria. With

280-562: The Archduchy of Austria and briefly gained hold of the Bohemian throne . In 1742, he was elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He ruled until his death three years later. Charles (Albert) ( German : Karl Albrecht ) was born in Brussels and the son of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria , and Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska , daughter of King John III Sobieski of Poland. His family

320-577: The Austro-Turkish War . On 5 October 1722, Charles married Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria , whom he had met at the imperial court in Vienna. She was the youngest daughter of the late Emperor Joseph I and his wife, Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg . Bavaria had renounced all claims to the throne via the marriage, but it provided the legal basis to the inheritance of certain Austrian possessions. In 1725, Charles visited Versailles during

360-725: The Nymphenburg Palace Park . During Charles's reign, numerous accomplished Italian, French, Bavarian, and other German architects, sculptors, painters and artisans were employed in royal service, often for many years. Among them were Dominique Girard , François de Cuvilliés, Joseph Effner , Ignaz Günther , Johann Michael Fischer , Cosmas Damian Asam and Egid Quirin Asam , Johann Michael Feuchtmayer , Matthäus Günther , Johann Baptist Straub and Johann Baptist Zimmermann . Charles and his wife, Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria , were parents of seven children: Charles Albert and his mistress Sophie Caroline von Ingenheim had

400-620: The Second Silesian War finally forced the Austrian army to leave Bavaria and to retreat into Bohemia. In October 1744, Charles regained Munich and returned, this time for good. With former Vice-Chancellor Friedrich Karl von Schönborn as a go-between, the Emperor then sought to reach a compromise with Vienna but failed to get more military support from France. Suffering severely from gout , Charles died at Nymphenburg Palace in January 1745. He

440-521: The Treaty of Füssen , Austria recognized the legitimacy of Charles's election as Holy Roman Emperor. Charles VII's reign represented the height of the Bavarian Rococo era. The Nymphenburg Palace was completed during his reign. The Grand Circle ( Schlossrondell ), which is flanked by a string of elaborate Baroque mansions was initially planned as a basic blueprint for a new city ( Carlstadt ), but that

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480-656: The Treaty of Nymphenburg , which was concluded in July 1741, Charles became allied with France and Spain against Austria. During the War of the Austrian Succession , Charles invaded Upper Austria in 1741 and planned to conquer Vienna , but his allied French troops under the Duc de Belle-Isle were instead redirected to Bohemia , capturing Prague in November 1741. That meant that Charles

520-562: The University of Erlangen in 1743 and creating several new imperial nobles. Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg , was declared to be of full age in 1744, ahead of time. Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis served as Principal Commissioner for Charles VII at the Perpetual Diet of Regensburg and in 1744 the Thurn und Taxis dynasty were appointed the hereditary Postmasters General of

560-526: The War of the Spanish Succession ended and Max Emanuel regained his electorate on 7 September 1714 by the Treaty of Baden . Despite a short reign of seven months, Theresa left a positive balance where in particular the role of the nobility was improved. On 8 April 1715 she finally reunited with her husband. She founded the Servitinnen monastery in Munich dedicated to Saint Elisabeth the same year. On

600-634: The Austrians in Klagenfurt while her two youngest boys and her daughter remained in Munich. After the battle of Ramillies , on 23 May 1706, Max Emanuel was forced to flee the Spanish Netherlands and found refuge at the court of France located in Versailles . Max Emmanuel would live with his French mistress Agnès Le Louchier during his exile from 1704 to 1715. Theresa negotiated her return to Munich from

640-663: The Emperor by asking for the help of the Republic of Venice , Pope Clement XI , Prince Eugene of Savoy and Anne, Queen of Great Britain . She tried to use the Duke of Modena and the Grand Duchess of Tuscany as mediators, but to no avail. On the domestic level, the financial and military retributions imposed by Joseph I created many revolts and she lost a son. Consequently, Theresa spent ten years in exile in Venice, not returning until 1715 when

680-581: The Imperial Reichspost . The new commander of the Bavarian army, Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff , fought Austria in a series of battles in 1743 and 1744. In 1743, his troops and their allies took Bavaria, and Charles was able to return to Munich in April for some time before losing Bavaria again after his French allies were defeated and withdrew to the Rhine. Frederick II of Prussia 's new campaign during

720-569: The Munich Rentamt, one of the four administrative districts of the Duchy of Bavaria, while the rest of Bavaria is placed under the military supervision of the Austrian Empire . At the beginning of this phase, Theresa strove to decide in collaboration with Max Emanuel but the courier took too long for this to be effective. She also had to face the defection of part of the Bavarian nobility in favour of

760-476: The choir area is especially well done: hidden behind the cornice window, the Trinity figures are illuminated effectively from behind. The cornice itself seems to swing up and down on its curved construction. The interior is divided vertically into three sections, which increase in brightness from the bottom upwards. The lowermost portion of the benches, for church visitors, is kept relatively dark; its design symbolizes

800-567: The defeat of the Battle of Blenheim (13 August 1704), she became Regent of the Government of the Elector of Bavaria. The move was smart since, legally, the war was against the Elector and not Theresa. It was the only time a woman ruled the Bavarian Electorate. However, Emperor Leopold I forced her to sign the treaty of Ilbersheim on 5 November 1704. This included a cease-fire and gave Theresa

840-413: The elector of Hanover , also voted to install Charles as emperor even though both Britain and Hanover were allied with Austria in the ongoing war. Charles VII was the second Wittelsbach emperor after Louis IV and the first Wittelsbach king of Germany since the reign of Rupert . Shortly after his coronation, most of Charles's territories were overrun by the Austrians, and Bavaria was occupied by

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880-569: The emperor. On 21 December 1704 she gave birth to the last of her sons. In February 1705, she left to meet her mother in Padua following the discovery of written correspondence between her husband and Agnès Le Louchier , the Countess of Arco , his mistress. Upon her return in May, the imperial army would not allow him to return to Munich, in violation of the treaty of Ilbersheim. Her four sons were looked after by

920-664: The high altar, these four columns are used as a reference to the four Bernini columns over the grave of St. Peter in St. Peter's in Rome. Previously, the brothers Asam had studied in Italy at the Accademia di San Luca , under Lorenzo Bernini . At the top is God, the Saviour. Below the tabernacle, a relic of John of Nepomuk is kept. Two angels, sculpted by Ignaz Günther , flank the gallery altar and were added at

960-587: The institution of the Holy Roman emperor had largely become symbolic in nature and powerless by then. A popular Latin saying about him was et caesar et nihil , meaning "both emperor and nothing", a word play on aut caesar aut nihil , meaning "either emperor or nothing". Bavarian General Ignaz Felix, Count of Törring-Jettenbach was compared to a drum, as people "heard about him only when he was beaten". Charles VII tried to boost his prestige from Frankfurt with numerous legal acts, such as granting imperial privilege to

1000-635: The knightly Order of St George and ordered the beginning of the construction of the Rothenberg Fortress . In continuance of the policy of his father, Charles aspired to an even higher rank. As son-in-law of Emperor Joseph I , Charles rejected the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and claimed the German territories of the Habsburg dynasty against Maria Theresa , daughter of Emperor Charles VI , in 1740. By

1040-550: The outside walls of houses in Bavaria and Tyrol). The two houses in the middle were demolished to build the church. The northern house became a priest's residence, and also shows a rococo facade. Due to public pressure, the brothers were forced to make the church accessible to the public. 48°08′06″N 11°34′10″E  /  48.13500°N 11.56944°E  / 48.13500; 11.56944 Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII (6 August 1697 – 20 January 1745)

1080-456: The suffering of the world. The second section, located above, is colored white and blue, and reserved for the emperor . The uppermost portion of the indirect and hidden illuminated ceiling painting is dedicated to God and eternity. The ceiling fresco "Life of Saint Nepomuk" is considered a masterpiece of Cosmas Damian Asam. The high altar of the Asam Church is framed by four spiral columns. At

1120-671: The troops of Maria Theresa. The Emperor fled Munich and resided for almost three years in the Palais Barckhaus in Frankfurt . Most of Bohemia was lost in December 1742, when the Austrians allowed the French under the Duc de Belle-Isle and the Duc de Broglie an honourable capitulation. Charles was mocked as an emperor who neither controlled his own realm nor was in effective control of the empire itself, but

1160-514: The wedding celebrations of Louis XV of France and established a personal contact with the French court. In 1726, after his father had died, Charles became Duke of Bavaria and Elector Palatine and thus one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire , and he also inherited a debt of 26 million guilders . He maintained good relations with both his Habsburg relatives and France, continuing his father's policies. In 1729, he instituted

1200-517: The youth. The small church therefore has seven confessionals with allegorical scenes. The Baroque façade is integrated into the houses of the Sendlingerstraße and swings slightly convex outward. St. Johann Nepomuk was built in a confined space, its property just 22 by 8 m. Even more astonishing is the artistry of the two builders, who were able to harmoniously unite in the two-story space architecture, painting, and sculpture. The indirect lighting in

1240-527: Was elector of Bavaria from 26 February 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 to his death. He was also King of Bohemia (as Charles Albert ) from 1741 to 1743. Charles was a member of the House of Wittelsbach , and his reign as Holy Roman Emperor thus marked the end of three centuries of uninterrupted Habsburg imperial rule, although he was related to the Habsburgs by both blood and marriage. Charles

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1280-602: Was a Polish princess , Electress of Bavaria and of the Electorate of the Palatinate . By birth she was member of the House of Sobieski and by marriage member of the House of Wittelsbach . She also served as Regent of the Palatinate in 1704–05. She was a daughter of the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania John III Sobieski and his wife, Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien . While her parents had thirteen children she

1320-476: Was accompanied by splendors. Her dowry was 500,000 thalers. In honor of her wedding to Max Emanuel the opera Amor vuol il giusto was created and staged. It used a libretto by the Italian writer Giovanni Battista Lampugnani . In the Spanish Netherlands, Theresa gave birth to six children before the family moved to Munich in May 1701. Following the evacuation of the Bavarian court from the Spanish Netherlands after

1360-632: Was crowned king of Bohemia in Prague on 19 December 1741, when the Habsburgs had not yet been defeated. He was unanimously elected king of Germany on 24 January 1742 and became Holy Roman emperor upon his coronation on 12 February 1742. His brother Clement August , the archbishop-elector of Cologne , generally sided with the Habsburg-Lorraine faction in the disputes over the Habsburg succession but cast his vote for him and personally crowned him emperor at Frankfurt . King George II of Great Britain , as

1400-586: Was named after her husband, Prince Porcia. He also ordered François de Cuvilliés , chief architect of the court, to build the Palais Holnstein for another one of his mistresses, Sophie Caroline von Ingenheim, Countess Holnstein , between 1733 and 1737. Cuvilliés constructed the Amalienburg as well for Charles and his wife, Maria Amalia, an elaborate hunting lodge designed in the Rococo style between 1734 and 1739 in

1440-681: Was not achieved. Charles VII resided in Nymphenburg, and the palace became the favorite summer residence of the future rulers of Bavaria. Charles effected the building of the Ancestral Gallery and the Ornate Rooms at the Munich Residenz . He purchased the Palais Porcia in 1731 and had the mansion restored in Rococo style in 1736 for one of his mistresses, Countess Topor-Morawitzka. The mansion

1480-548: Was politically divided during the War of the Spanish Succession , and he spent many years under house arrest in Austria . The royal family had left Brussels and returned to Munich in 1701. His father, Maximilian Emanuel, fled to the Spanish Netherlands after he had been defeated at the Battle of Blenheim in August 1704, and Charles and his siblings stayed with their mother, the acting Regent , in Munich. In May 1705, after

1520-585: Was subsequently abandoned. On 15 August 1694, at the age of nineteen, she married Maximilian II Emanuel, elector of Bavaria , governor of the Spanish Netherlands . He was a former comrade in arms of her father and widower of Maria Antonia of Austria . The marriage took place by proxy in Warsaw, her oldest brother standing in for Max Emanuel. She would not meet the latter until 1 January 1695 in Brussels. Her journey, paid for by her mother, lasted approximately 50 days and

1560-486: Was the eldest son of Elector Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria and the Polish princess Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska . He became elector following the death of his father in 1726. In 1722, Charles married Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria , daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I and niece of Emperor Charles VI . The couple had seven children together. After Charles VI died in 1740, Elector Charles claimed

1600-418: Was the only daughter to survive childhood. Theresa was baptized in Jaworow on 19 July 1676, having for her godfather Charles II , king of England and for her godmother Marie-Thérèse of Austria , wife of Louis XIV , both by proxy. Theresa was educated in painting and music, Latin, Italian and French. At the beginning of 1692, her father planned to marry her to the Crown Prince of Denmark , but this project

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