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22-904: Asahi Gakuen , or the Los Angeles Japanese School , is a part-time Japanese school in the Los Angeles metropolitan area . The school was founded by the Association for the Promotion of Japanese Language Education in Los Angeles. In 1988, the school had 2,500 students. The school teaches the Japanese language, science, social sciences, and mathematics. As of 1987 the school teaches all four aspects in each school day. The Japan Business Association of Southern California, previously known as The Japan Traders' Club of Los Angeles, as of 1997 financially supports

44-419: A Changing Population", stated in 2011 that the supplementary schools were dominated by "a monoglossic ideology of protecting the Japanese language from English". The Japanese government sends full-time teachers to supplementary schools that offer lessons that are similar to those of nihonjin gakkō , and/or those which have student bodies of 100 students each or greater. The number of teachers sent depends upon

66-604: A first language attend Japanese weekend schools in addition to their local schools. In North America that year, 45% of children of Japanese nationality and speaking Japanese as a first language attend Japanese weekend schools in addition to their local schools. See: List of hoshū jugyō kō (in Japanese) Articles available online Articles not available online Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture The Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture ( 文部省 , Monbu-shō , lit. Ministry of Letters)

88-470: A total of 1,144 teachers, most of them Japanese nationals, and 15,086 students. The number of supplementary schools increased to 120 by 1987. As of April 15, 2010, there are 201 Japanese supplementary schools in 56 countries. These schools, which usually hold classes on weekends, are primarily designed to serve the children of Japanese residents temporarily residing in foreign countries so that, upon returning to their home country, they can easily re-adapt to

110-854: The Japanese educational system . As a consequence, students at these schools, whether they are Japanese nationals and/or permanent residents of the host country, are generally taught in the age-appropriate Japanese curriculum specified by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Article 26 of the Constitution of Japan guarantees compulsory education for Japanese children in grades one through nine, so many weekend schools opened to serve students in those grades. Some weekend schools also serve high school and preschool/kindergarten. Several Japanese weekend schools operate in facilities rented from other educational institutions. The majority of

132-987: The Washington, DC metropolitan area . The MEXT has eight Saturday Japanese supplementary schools in operation in the UK. As of 2013, 2,392 Japanese children in Canterbury , Cardiff , Derby , Edinburgh (school is in Livingston ), Leeds , London, Manchester (school is in Lymm ), Sunderland (school is in Oxclose ), and Telford attend these schools. In 2003, 51.7% of pupils of Japanese nationality in North America attended both hoshūkō and local North American day schools. As of 2013, in Asia 3.4% of children of Japanese nationality and speaking Japanese as

154-482: The 1990s, weekend schools began creating keishōgo, or "heritage education", classes for permanent residents of the U.S. The administrators and teachers of each weekend school that offers "heritage classes" develop their own curriculum. In the years prior to 2012, there was an increase in the number of students who were permanent residents of the United States and did not plan to go back to Japan. Instead, they attended

176-669: The Japan Business Association of Southern California executive director, stated that 85% of the about 3,500 Japanese nationals working for Japanese companies in the Los Angeles metropolitan area sent children to Asahi Gakuen. Hosh%C5%AB jugy%C5%8D k%C5%8D Hoshū jugyō kō ( 補習授業校 ) , or hoshūkō ( 補習校 ) , are supplementary Japanese schools located in foreign countries for students living abroad with their families. Hoshū jugyō kō educate Japanese-born children who attend local day schools. They generally operate on weekends, after school, and other times not during

198-853: The Orange Campus at La Quinta High School in Westminster , the San Gabriel campus at South El Monte High School in South El Monte , the Santa Monica Campus at Daniel Webster Middle School in Sawtelle , and the Torrance campus at South Torrance High School in Torrance . As of 2018 three campuses (Santa Monica, Orange, and Torrance) have high school classes. Previously all high school classes were held at

220-667: The Santa Monica campus. As of 1986 students took buses from as far away as Orange County to go to the high school campus. In 1986-1987 the school had students in four campuses, including one in Pasadena , one in Garden Grove, one at Daniel Webster Middle, and one at South Torrance High. In 1997, Asahi Gakuen had five branch schools in Los Angeles County and Orange County . The Torrance campus opened in 1980 with 400 students. In 1987,

242-650: The Torrance campus had 773 students. The Orange campus was previously at Santiago High School in Garden Grove , and at Bolsa Grande High School in Garden Grove. The school year uses the Japanese schedule from April until March, with classes held from 9:00 AM until 3:30 PM during Saturdays. The school uses tuition to pay for the textbooks it orders from Japan. As of 1986, each student in grades 1-9 has tuition of $ 49.50 ($ 137.59 when accounting for inflation) each month, while each high school student has tuition of $ 67.50 ($ 187.62 when accounting for inflation) monthly. In 1987

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264-551: The United States, or kikokushijo , and second-generation Japanese Americans . The latter may be U.S. citizens or they may have dual U.S.-Japanese citizenship. Because few Japanese children with Japanese as a first language in North America attend full-time Japanese schools, the majority of these children receive their primary education in English, their second language . These supplementary schools exist to provide their Japanese-language education. Rachel Endo of Hamline University ,

286-783: The West Los Angeles campus, stated that the school puts its emphasis on classwork instead of homework to avoid overburdening students who have other commitments; therefore, the school sometimes gives homework. However, in recent years, the homework level has increased significantly given a week's curriculum in Japan is covered in one day of class on Saturday and through homework and self study. As of 1987, Asahi Gakuen had 47 faculty members. The school's administrators are visiting employees from Japan, credentialed by The Ministry of Education of Japan (Monbusho). The ministry recommends which employees come to teach at Asahi Gakuen. In 1986 Hiroshi Matsuoka,

308-436: The author of "Realities, Rewards, and Risks of Heritage-Language Education: Perspectives from Japanese Immigrant Parents in a Midwestern Community", wrote that these schools "have rigorous academic expectations and structured content". As of 2012 the most common education option for Japanese families resident in the United States, especially those living in major metropolitan areas, is to send children to American schools during

330-581: The enrollment: one teacher is sent for a student enrollment of 100 or more, two for 200 or more students, three for 800 or more students, four for 1,200 or more students, and five for 1,600 or more students. MEXT also subsidizes those weekend schools that each have over 100 students. In North America, the hoshūkō are usually operated by the local Japanese communities. They are equivalent to hagwon in ethnic Korean communities and Chinese schools in ethnic Chinese communities. These Japanese schools primarily serve Japanese nationals from families temporarily in

352-487: The hours of operation of the day schools. The Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (Monbusho), as of 1985, encouraged the opening of hoshū jugyō kō in developed countries . It encouraged the development of full-time Japanese ("person", not "language") day schools, in Japanese nihonjin gakkō , in developing countries . In 1971, there were 22 supplementary Japanese schools worldwide. By May 1986, Japan operated 112 supplementary schools worldwide, having

374-513: The instruction is kokugo ( Japanese language instruction). The remainder of the curriculum consists of other academic subjects, including mathematics, social studies, and sciences. In order to cover all of the material mandated by the government of Japan in a timely fashion, each school assigns a portion of the curriculum as homework, because it is not possible to cover all material during class hours. Naomi Kano ( 加納 なおみ , Kanō Naomi ) , author of "Japanese Community Schools: New Pedagogy for

396-399: The school had a registration fee of up to $ 150 ($ 402.28 when accounting for inflation) and an annual tuition of fewer than $ 600 ($ 1609.14 accounting for inflation). All campuses, as of 1986, have libraries. Fatsuko [ sic ] Fujita, the West Los Angeles campus librarian, stated that her campus permitted loaning of 5,000 of its books. In 1986 Kimiko Lin, the assistant principal of

418-815: The school. Asahi Gakuen was founded in 1969. At the time it had one campus and 68 students. By 1986 there were 2,400 students on four campuses. Prior to 1978 the school took some San Diego residents; that year the Minato School opened in that city. The school's main office is in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles , with a Torrance address. Previously it was in Room 308 on the third floor of the Japanese American Cultural & Community Center (JACCC) building, located in Little Tokyo , Los Angeles . Classes are held at

440-623: The schools "to maintain their ethnic identity". By that year, the majority of students in the Japanese weekend schools in the United States were permanent residents of the United States. Kano argued that the MEXT curriculum for many of these permanent residents is unnecessary and out of touch. The oldest U.S. Japanese weekend school with Japanese government sponsorship is the Washington Japanese Language School ( ワシントン日本語学校 , Washington Nihongo Gakkō ) , founded in 1958 and serving

462-410: The week and use weekend Japanese schools to supplement their education. As of 2007 there were 85 Japanese supplementary schools in the United States. Some 12,500 children of Japanese nationality living in the United States attended both Japanese weekend schools and American day schools. They make up more than 60% of the total number of children of Japanese nationality resident in the United States. In

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484-523: Was a former Japanese government ministry. Its headquarters were in Kasumigaseki , Chiyoda, Tokyo . The Ministry of Education was created in 1871. It merged with the Science and Technology Agency  [ ja ] ( 科学技術庁 , Kagaku-gijutsu-chō ) into the new Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) on January 6, 2001. This article related to government in Japan

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