100-456: Arun Gulab Gawli (born 17 July 1955) also known as Arun Gulab Ahir , is an Indian politician, underworld don and retired gangster. Gawli and his brother Kishor (Pappa) entered the Mumbai underworld in the 1970s, when they joined the "Byculla Company", a criminal gang led by Rama Naik and Babu Reshim, operating in the central Mumbai areas of Byculla , Parel and Saat Rasta. In 1988, after Rama Naik
200-742: A Nationalist Congress Party ticket, resulting in defeat for them both, but a victory for the Shiv Sena 's sitting MP Mohan Rawale . Gawli's daughter Geeta was an ex a corporator to the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation . Organised crime in India#Mumbai underworld Organised crime in India refers to organised crime elements originating in India and active in many parts of the world. The purpose of organised crime in India, as elsewhere in
300-472: A Tapori or Bombay Hindi street dialect. The genre was pioneered by screenwriter duo Salim–Javed . They began the genre of gritty, violent, Bombay underworld crime films in the early 1970s, with films such as Zanjeer (1973) and Deewaar (1975). They reinterpreted the rural themes of Mehboob Khan 's Mother India (1957) and Nitin Bose 's Gunga Jumna (1961) in a contemporary urban context reflecting
400-551: A " moral police " and opposed Valentine's Day celebrations. On 14 February 2006, Bal Thackeray condemned and apologised for the violent attacks by its Shiv Sainiks on a private celebration in Mumbai. "It is said that women were beaten up in the Nallasopara incident. If that really happened, then it is a symbol of cowardice. I have always instructed Shiv Sainiks that in any situation women should not be humiliated and harassed." Thackeray and
500-656: A "sad spectacle" by Supreme Court of India , and draw criticism from Political Observers. Uddhav Thackeray resigned from the post as chief minister well as a MLC member ahead of no-confidence motion on 29 June 2022. Shinde subsequently formed a new coalition with the BJP, and was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 30 June 2022. Uddhav Thackeray filed a lawsuit with the Supreme Court of India claiming that Eknath Shinde and his group's actions meant that they were disqualified under
600-537: A 21-year-old woman who posted a Facebook comment against him, as well as her friend who "liked" the comment. Shiv Sena members, who took it as an insult, vandalised the clinic owned by the woman's relative. The charges were subsequently dropped, and the Government of Maharashtra was ordered to pay compensation of Rs 50,000 to each victim after the National Human Rights Commission noted that the detention
700-434: A ban on a scheduled concert by Pakistani classic singer Ghulam Ali . The move was adopted to appease anti-Pakistan constituents to vote for Sena in coming elections. However, in 2015 Pakistan urged the international community to take note of the activities of Shiv Sena, while Shiv Sena claimed that criticism of Shiv Sena by Pakistan vindicates "our patriotism". On 19 October 2015, Shiv Sena activists attacked and vandalised
800-543: A collusion of criminal terrorist groups based around Ibrahim's personal control and leadership. Ibrahim is currently on Interpol 's wanted list for cheating , criminal conspiracy , and running an organised crime syndicate , and in 2008 he was number two on Forbes' list of The World's 10 Most Wanted . He is accused of heading an illegal empire against India and Indians. After the 1993 Bombay bombings , which Ibrahim allegedly organised and financed with Tiger Memon , both men became part of India's most wanted. According to
900-554: A command and control centre of the party in Bal–Uddhava's regime. Following is the list of the chief ministers of Maharashtra from Shiv Sena. The Sena says it has played a central role in the emancipation of 500,000 slum dwellers in the Dharavi area of Mumbai, the largest slum in Asia. However, the policy of giving free houses to slum dwellers has been controversial since it was introduced by
1000-407: A contemporary urban context. By the mid-1970s, gritty, violent crime films and action films about gangsters (Bombay underworld) as well as bandits (dacoits) had become popular. The writing of Salim-Javed and acting of Amitabh Bachchan popularized the trend, with films such as Zanjeer and particularly Deewaar , a crime film inspired by Gunga Jumna that pitted "a policeman against his brother,
1100-583: A court in August 2012. Gawli and eleven others were found guilty of Jamsandekar's murder and Gawali was sentenced to life imprisonment. Charge sheet of 138 pages were furnished by IPS Jayanthi Naidu - Joint Director Central Bureau of Investigation, 2002 Batch Officer. Gawli got political patronage in the 1980s, when the then Shiv Sena chief, Bal Thackeray , criticised the Mumbai police for taking stringent action against Hindu gangsters like Arun Gawli and Sai Bansod, referring to them as amchi mulgey (our boys). Thackeray
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#17329099068911200-504: A day". Shiv Sena organized a blood donation camp which collected over 24,000 bottles of blood in a single day. Later this world record was broken by a blood donation camp of HDFC Bank in 2014. In 2015 Shiv Sena announced 10,000 rupees help to each drought-affected farmer of Marathwada region, while they also announced 2 lakh rupees "reward" to Hindus family who had 5 children between 2010 and 2015 in Uttar Pradesh . As per Shiv Sena,
1300-918: A different town, the gangs attempt to steal from multiple homes. Gang members tie up family members, during robberies, and murder anyone who resists. They often arm themselves with rods, axes, knives, and firearms. When they rob a house, they sometimes eat and leave their excrements. The gang members often rent cars to get around, and are suspected of robbing temples. Kala Kachcha Gangs (also known as Kale-Kachchewale or Kale Kachche Gangs ) refers to certain organized criminal gangs in Punjab, India . The Kala Kachcha gang members are robbers and dacoits, who don police uniform or 'Kale Kachche' (black underpants) to evade detection. They put grease on their body as lubricant. There are many such gangs suspected to be active in Punjab. They usually target families living at isolated places in
1400-454: A firm stranglehold over parts of Mumbai's underworld. Lala controlled bootlegging and gambling in the city in 1940, and was the undisputed king of the trade until 1985. D-Company is the organised crime group controlled by Dawood Ibrahim which originated in Mumbai . It has been argued that the D-Company is not a stereotypical organised crime cartel in the strict sense of the word, but rather
1500-415: A gang leader based on real-life smuggler Haji Mastan" portrayed by Bachchan; Deewaar was described as being "absolutely key to Indian cinema" by Danny Boyle . Along with Bachchan, other actors that rode the crest of this trend include Feroz Khan . The crime films written by Salim-Javed and starring Amitabh Bachchan reflected the socio-economic and socio-political realities of 1970s India, channeling
1600-401: A large presence of Tamils. Mudaliar, in tandem with Haji Mastan, ventured into stealing dock cargo. He later diversified into contract killings and the narcotics trade. He enjoyed a successful stint in the 1970s controlling the criminal operations in the east and north-central Bombay. Karim Lala commanded south and central Bombay, and the majority of smuggling and illegal construction financing
1700-482: A matka (gambling) and liquor den in Byculla. In 1977, gangsters Rama Naik and Babu Reshim teamed up and decided to form a joint Maharashtrian gang by uniting several individual gangsters from Central Mumbai suburbs of Agripada, Byculla, Mazgaon, Saat Rasta, Parel and Lalbaug. The new gang was called "Byculla Company" and the first mission was to eliminate gangsters like Kundan Dubey, Mohan Sarmalkar and Shashi Rasam, leader of
1800-440: A network of grassroots organizations, known as " Shiv Sena Shakhas " ( transl. Branch ). The Shakhas serve as the primary unit of the party, with each Shakha consisting of 25-50 members. The Shakhas were responsible for carrying out the party's activities at the grassroots level, such as mobilizing voters during elections, organizing protests and rallies, and engaging in community service activities. In addition to
1900-488: A pan-Indian base. In the 1970s, it gradually moved from advocating a pro-Marathi ideology to supporting a broader Hindu nationalist agenda, and aligned itself with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Shiv Sena took part in Mumbai ( BMC ) municipal elections for its entire existence. In 1989, it entered into an alliance with the BJP for Lok Sabha as well as Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections. The alliance in
2000-705: A secret, female thugs also existed and were called baronee in Ramasee, while an important male Thug was called baroo . Thugs considered themselves to be the children of Kali , having been created from her sweat. However, many of the Thugs who were captured and convicted by the British were Muslims . There are families with blood feuds with each other in the Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh and parts of eastern Karnataka in India, and associated with alleged Mafia Raj . It
2100-504: Is Brahmins , Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu and Pathare Prabhus - Thackerey, Manohar Joshi , Sudhir Joshi , Balwant Mantri, Hemchandra Gupte, Shyam Deshmukh, Madhav Deshpande, Datta Pradhan, Vijay Parvatkar, Madhukar Sarpotdar and Pramod Navalkar . One of the above-mentioned leaders, Hemchandra Gupte, who was Mayor of Bombay in the early 70s and was the former family physician and confidant of Thackeray, quit Shivsena citing flaws such as importance given to money, violence committed by
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#17329099068912200-650: Is a first term ABS corporator from the Chinchpokli assembly constituency. Gawli's nephew Sachin Ahir is an MLA and is the former Maharashtra Minister of State for Housing. Gawli's uncle Hukumchand Yadav was a legislator from Khandwa in Madhya Pradesh . After working short stints as a factory worker at Simplex Mills Chinchpokli, Godrej & Boyce company Vikhroli and Crompton Greaves Kanjurmarg, Arun Gawli and his brother then started working for gangster Parasnath Pandey who ran
2300-579: Is a term used for " banditry " in the Indian subcontinent . The spelling is the anglicised version of the Hindustani word daaku , "dacoit" / d ə ˈ k ɔɪ t / is a colloquial Indian English word with this meaning, it appears in the Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases (1903). Banditry is criminal activity involving robbery by groups of armed bandits. The East India Company established
2400-662: Is against both Indian culture and the law of the land (under section 294 of the Indian Penal Code), though according to the Supreme Court and the Delhi High Court, kissing in public is not a criminal offence. Police took many of the Kiss of Love protestors into custody to save their lives, but were blamed for giving a free hand to counter protestors of the right wing groups. In October 2015, Shiv Sena issued threats which enforced
2500-420: Is also responsible for much illegal production of mandrax , much of which is smuggled into South Africa . Diamond smuggling via South Africa is also a major criminal activity, and diamonds are sometimes used to disguise shipments of heroin. Finally, there is much money laundering in the country, mostly through the use of the traditional hawala system, although India criminalised money laundering in 2003. In
2600-402: Is believed to be due to his "native roots" as a local lad, which makes him distinct from most other non- Marathi -speaking politicians. Gawli's political designs suffered a major blow when his nephew and party legislator, Sachin Ahir , came out openly against him and joined Sharad Pawar 's Nationalist Congress Party . Ahir even contested against Gawli in the subsequent Lok Sabha elections on
2700-424: Is locally referred to as "factionalism" and involves various crimes. Activities like illegal mining are common and one of the major social and environmental issues in the region. It also persists due to illiteracy and lack of environmental awareness in the region and public inactivity, having led to severe deforestation and desertification in the region. The vendetta between the groups originated historically during
2800-634: Is the Dacoit Western , popularized by Sholay (1975). These films are usually set in rural India, and often inspired by real dacoits. Examples of the genre: In the early 1970s, a new genre of Indian crime films and gangster films arose, set in urban India: Bombay underworld films, later called Mumbai underworld films. These films are often inspired by real Mumbai underworld gangsters, such as Haji Mastan , Dawood Ibrahim and D-Company . These films are often set around Mumbai slums such as Dharavi or Juhu , and gangsters in these films often speak with
2900-414: Is undershirts). In addition to wearing undergarments, members wear face masks and cover themselves in oil or mud to protect their identities. The gangs tend to move in groups of 5-10 people, and wear a kurta and lungi . During the day, they gather at transport hubs or disused urban spaces. They conceal themselves as beggars or common labourers to identify potential houses to rob. Before moving on to
3000-565: Is widely practiced in Andhra Pradesh, and is also a major cause of rioting and domestic terrorism in the region. Several local Indian, Russian , Israeli and Nigerian criminal groups are reported to be heavily involved in the organised drug trade in Goa , one of the smallest states of India. Sources reveal that there are also individual players who are British, French, Italian, Portuguese, and of other European nationalities. Some have been visiting
3100-562: The 1970 communal violence in Bhiwandi , the 1984 Bhiwandi riot , and violence in the 1992–1993 Bombay riots . After the Independence of India in 1947, regional administrative divisions from the colonial era were gradually changed and states following linguistic borders were created. Within the Bombay Presidency , a massive popular struggle was launched for the creation of a state for
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3200-447: The 2008 Mumbai attacks Ever since he went into hiding, Ibrahim's location has been frequently traced to Karachi , Pakistan , a claim which Pakistani authorities have denied. Chotta Rajan is the boss of a major crime syndicate based in Mumbai . He was a former key aide and lieutenant of Dawood Ibrahim. Starting as a petty thief and bootlegger working for Rajan Nair , also known as Bada Rajan (Big Rajan), Chota Rajan took
3300-567: The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Shiv Sena candidates fought on BJP's lotus symbol. The party began a coalition with the BJP for seats in the Lok Sabha and the Maharashtra Assembly from 1989. The two formed a government in Maharashtra between 1995 and 1999. The Sena was the opposition party in the state along with the BJP from 1999 to 2014. However, the 25 year alliance with the BJP
3400-485: The Coastguard , Navy , Customs, and other government bodies began. There has been a spurt in the formation and activities of such criminal gangs in Punjab over the last decade even though some gangs, have been operational in the state since the end of militancy in Punjab . Post militancy, the gangs took to contract killings. The real estate and industrial sector boom of the early 2000s saw several criminals surfacing with
3500-713: The D-Company , which both offered "slick, often mesmerising portrayals of the Mumbai underworld" and displayed realistic "brutality and urban violence." Another notable film in the genre was Black Friday (2004), adapted from Hussein Zaidi's book of the same name about the 1993 Bombay bombings . The genre later inspired the film Slumdog Millionaire (2009), which drew inspiration from Mumbai underworld films. Its influences included Deewaar , Satya , Company , and Black Friday . 1970s Bollywood crime films such as Deewaar and Amar Akbar Anthony (1977) also have similarities to
3600-446: The Indian subcontinent . Thugs were gangs of highway robbers, who tricked and strangled their victims with a handkerchief or noose. They would then rob and bury their victims. Sometimes they mutilated the corpses of their victims to avoid detection. The leader of a gang was called a ' jemadar '. The usage of military ranks like 'jemadar', ' subedar ' and ' private ' suggests that these gangs had military links. Although strangulation
3700-471: The Konkan coastal areas. However, in the 2004 Lok Sabha elections the result was reversed. The Shiv Sena made inroads in the interior parts of the state, while suffering losses in Mumbai. In July 2005, Former Maharashtra Chief Minister and Sena leader Narayan Rane was expelled from the party, which sparked internal conflict in the party. In December the same year Raj Thackeray , Bal Thackeray's nephew, left
3800-665: The Shakhas , the party has various other organizational structures, including the Yuva Sena , ( transl. Youth Army ) party's youth wing, and the Mahila Aghadi , the party's women's wing. The Shiv Sena is also affiliated with the Sthaniya Lokadhikar Samiti , which advocates for the preservation of employment rights for Maharashtrians in Maharashtra. Prior to the rebellion by its prominent leader Eknath Shinde in 2022,
3900-462: The Shivsainiks ( transl. Soldiers ) and Bal Thackeray's support to then prime minister Indira Gandhi during the 1975 emergency . There were also leaders from other castes such as Dattaji Salvi , Dattaji Nalawade and Wamanrao Mahadik , and those from the so-called lower castes such as Chaggan Bhujbal , Leeladhar Dake , Bhai Shingre and Vijay Gaonkar. Over the years, other than
4000-507: The Thuggee and Dacoity Department in 1830, and the Thuggee and Dacoity Suppression Acts, 1836–1848 were enacted in British India under East India Company rule . Areas with ravines or forests, such as Chambal and Chilapata Forests , were once known for dacoits. Thuggee were crimes carried out by organized gangs of robbers and murderers which operated in the northern and eastern parts of
4100-747: The United States Department of the Treasury , Ibrahim may have had ties with Osama bin Laden . Consequently, the United States declared Ibrahim a " Specially Designated Global Terrorist " in 2003 and pursued the matter before the United Nations in an attempt to freeze his assets around the world and crack down on his operations. Indian and Russian intelligence agencies have pointed out Ibrahim's possible involvement in several other terror attacks, including
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4200-473: The Vijayanagara Empire . This often co-exists with mafia states . Much of the mining and real estate mafia in the region is run by such families, and to avoid punishment, they are often involved in corruption and local politics. There have been numerous murders committed by rival families, including the murders of noteworthy politicians. Factionalism is one of the main reasons for which vendetta politics
4300-495: The anti-defection law , with Eknath Shinde claiming that he has not defected, but rather represents the true Shiv Sena party. The case is currently being heard by Supreme Court of India . The parties split into two factions: Balasahebanchi Shiv Sena led by Shinde and Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) led by Thackeray. Shinde subsequently filed a petition with the Election Commission of India staking his claim to
4400-426: The cinema of India , particularly Bollywood , crime films and gangster films inspired by organised crime in India have been produced since 1940. Indian cinema has several genres of such crime films. The dacoit film was a genre of Indian cinema that began with Mehboob Khan 's Aurat (1940) and gained popularity with its remake Mother India (1957) as well as Dilip Kumar 's Gunga Jumna (1961). A subgenre
4500-560: The heroic bloodshed crime genre of 1980s Hong Kong action cinema . Deewaar had a Hong Kong remake, The Brothers (1979), which went on to inspire John Woo 's internationally acclaimed breakthrough A Better Tomorrow (1986), which set the template for the heroic bloodshed genre in Hong Kong cinema. Examples of the Mumbai underworld film genre: Shiv Sena (1966%E2%80%932022) Shiv Sena (1966–2022) ( Śhiva Sēnā ; lit. ' Army of Shivaji ' ; abbr. SS )
4600-504: The socio-economic and socio-political climate of 1970s India, channeling the growing discontent and disillusionment among the masses, and unprecedented growth of slums , and dealing with themes involving urban poverty, corruption, and crime, as well as anti-establishment themes. This resulted in their creation of the "angry young man", personified by Amitabh Bachchan , who reinterpreted Dilip Kumar's performance in Gunga Jumna in
4700-664: The "bow and arrow" symbol. Initially apolitical, the organisation was patronised by the then Chief Minister Vasantrao Naik who used it for curbing trade unions and maintain stranglehold of the Congress . The organisation at the same time carried out pro- Marathi nativist movement in Mumbai in which it agitated for preferential treatment for the Marathi people over migrants from other parts of India. Although Shiv Sena's primary base always remained in Maharashtra , it tried to expand to
4800-589: The 'Shiv Sena' name and the Bow and Arrow symbol. The ECI ruled in favour of Shinde's faction based on the strength of its legislative wing, rather than on the organizational wing. Thackeray appealed against the decision, and the case is currently pending in the Supreme Court. The Shiv Sena (SS) was led by a president, traditionally referred to as the " Shiv Sena Pramukh ", ( transl. Chief ) which translates to "Shiv Sena Chief" in English. Bal Thackeray served as
4900-591: The 1960s became a rich man. He amassed millions from smuggling gold, silver, and electronic goods and expanded his clout in the film industry by investing his money with directors and studios in Bollywood film production. As Mastan's influence in Bollywood grew, he began to produce films himself and was a well-known producer. Varadarajan Mudaliar, popularly known as Vardha Bhai , was a Bombay-based ethnic Tamil Hindu mobster. He came to be known as Vardhabhai, operated from
5000-559: The Bal Thackeray, there have been twelve senior leaders in the party, out of these, eight have been from upper caste (four were Brahmins , two Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu and two Pathare Prabhus ). Others have been either Maratha ( Dattaji Salvi ), Shimpi ( Wamanrao Mahadik ), Agri ( Leeladhar Dake ) or Mali ( Chaggan Bhujbal ). In fact, Bhujbal quit the party accusing the party is biased towards upper caste people. The number of Dalits were also not insignificant and even after
5100-516: The Cobra Gang. All of them were operating in Central Mumbai and both Rama Naik and Babu Reshim had a score to settle with them. Very soon other Maharashtrian gangsters from Central Mumbai like Sada Pawle, Kiran Walawalkar, Ganesh Bhosle alias Vakil, Chandrashekhar Mirashi, Ashok Choudhary alias Chhota Babu joined this new gang. When his friend from Crompton Greaves Sada Pawle joined this gang, Gawli
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#17329099068915200-561: The Emergency in 1975 and supported the Congress in the 1977 general election . In 1980 Maharashtra Assembly election , the party did not contest from any seat however it campaigned for the Congress. The Sena started placing more weight on the Hindutva ideology in the 1970s as the 'sons of the soil' cause was weakening. In the 1984 general election , Shiv Sena formed its first alliance with
5300-539: The Marathi-speaking people. In 1960, the presidency was divided into two linguistic states: Gujarat and Maharashtra . Moreover, Marathi-speaking areas of the erstwhile Hyderabad state were joined with Maharashtra. Bombay, in many ways the economic capital of India, became the state capital of Maharashtra. On one hand, people belonging to the Gujarati community owned the majority of the industry and trade enterprises in
5400-589: The Pathan gang in 1984. Between 1984 and early 1988, Gawli and his mentor Naik managed the main criminal operations for Dawood Ibrahim in Mumbai. However, in early 1988, Rama Naik and Sharad Shetty, a henchman of Dawood from west Mumbai got into a property dispute over a large plot of land at Jogeshwari. Dawood sided with Shetty and Naik ended up feeling miffed with Dawood despite helping him eliminate his most dreaded enemy, Samad Khan. Naik and Gawli stopped managing Dawood's operations in Central Mumbai. A few months later, Naik
5500-508: The Sena opposed the reservations proposed by the Mandal commission , there was no dent in the percentage of Other Backward Class in the party. In this way, the Sena was successful in uniting all Maharashtrians irrespective of caste under the common "Marathi umbrella". The agenda of preferential treatment for the "sons of the soil" that is Maharashtrians brought them all together. Shiv Sena's strength in
5600-484: The Shiv Sena remained opposed to it, although they indicated support for an "Indian alternative". On 20 November 2009, Shiv Sena activists attacked and vandalised the offices of Hindi and Marathi language TV news channels IBN7 and IBN-Lokmat , located in Mumbai and Pune respectively. The Shivsainik slapped IBN7's senior editor Ravindra Ambekar and then attacked IBN-Lokmat's editor Nikhil Wagle. Shiv Sena attributed
5700-490: The South Indian communities, vandalizing South Indian restaurants and pressuring employers to hire Marathis. Initially apolitical, the organisation was patronised by the then Chief Minister Vasantrao Naik who used it for curbing trade unions and maintain stranglehold of the Congress. Because of its close association with Vasantrao, the organisation was also referred to as "Vasant Sena". The Shiv Sena declared support to
5800-504: The attacks to the criticisms of Bal Thackeray by the news channel over his remarks on Sachin Tendulkar . Shiv Sena's Rajya Sabha MP Sanjay Raut described the attacks as "spontaneous". Shiv Sena spokespersons tried to justify the attacks and refused to apologize for their acts of violence. On 18 November 2012, following the death of founder Bal Thackeray , Mumbai Police , under the pressure of Shiv Sena workers and activists, arrested
5900-581: The city. On the other hand, there was a steady flow of South Indian migrants to the city who came to take many white-collar jobs. In 1960, Bal Thackeray , a Mumbai-based cartoonist, began publishing the satirical cartoon weekly Marmik . Through this publication, he started disseminating anti-migrant sentiments. On 19 June 1966, Thackeray founded the Shiv Sena as a political organisation. The Shiv Sena attracted many unemployed Marathi youth, who were attracted by Thackeray's charged anti-migrant oratory. Shiv Sena cadres became involved in various attacks against
6000-406: The classical Italian mafia . Mumbai is the financial capital of India. Over a period of time, the Mumbai underworld has been dominated by several different groups and mobsters. The powerful trio of Haji Mastan , Varadarajan Mudaliar , and Karim Lala enjoyed backing from their communities. Haji Mastan, originally known as Mastan Haider Mirza, was a Bombay-based Tamil mobster who became
6100-477: The countryside and always thrash their victims before robbing them. India is a major transit point for heroin from the Golden Triangle and Golden Crescent en route to Europe . India is also the world's largest legal grower of opium ; experts estimate that 5–10% of the legal opium is converted into illegal heroin , and 8–10% is consumed in high quantities as concentrated liquid. The pharmaceutical industry
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#17329099068916200-690: The cricket pitch of the Agra Sport Stadium which was supposed to host the cricket match between Pakistan and India. In April 2005, Bharatiya Vidyarthi Sena, the student wing of Shiv Sena, attempted to prevent the India-Pakistan One-day international match being held in New Delhi. The protester's spokesman demanded: India should not play cricket with Pakistan till it hands over to India 20 terrorists, including Dawood Ibrahim , and closes down militant training camps running there. The Sena acted as
6300-457: The early 1960s to 1980, and was accorded equal clout to Haji Mastan and Karim Lala. Starting off as a porter, he had his first brush with the crime world when he began selling illicit liquor. He commanded much respect within the Tamil community and ran a parallel justice system where his verdict was the final law of the land and binding in areas such as Dharavi and Matunga , which are believed to have
6400-406: The first Shiv Sena Pramukh and took all major decisions while the activists and members of the Shiv Sena, known as Shiv Sainiks , ( transl. Soldiers ) carried out most of the party's grassroots work. During his last days, the day-to-day activities of the party were handled by his youngest son Uddhav Thackeray, who succeeded him as party leader after his death in 2012. Shiv Sena formed
6500-577: The first celebrity gangster in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai). Born in 1926 in a Tamil family in Pannaikulam, near Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu . At age 8, he moved to Bombay with his father. The father-son duo ran a small cycle repair shop in Crawford market. 10 years later, in 1944, Mastan joined the Bombay docks as a porter and from there entered organised crime. He worked in association with Karim Lala and by
6600-403: The first time ever, Thackeray family directly participated in election when Aditya contested for a seat of MLA in 2019. Later, his father debuted in direct politics and became chief minister of the state. Aditya was the tourism minister his father's cabinet . People of various Maharashtrian castes worked together in the Sena. The party's leaders mostly came from the so-called "high castes" that
6700-455: The growing discontent and disillusionment among the masses, and the failure of the state in ensuring their welfare and well-being, in a time when prices were rapidly rising, commodities were becoming scarce, public institutions were losing legitimacy, smugglers and gangsters were gathering political clout, and there was an unprecedented growth of slums . The cinema of Salim-Javed and Amitabh Bachchan dealt with themes relevant to Indian society at
6800-454: The ideology of Marathi regionalism under the leadership of Bal Thackeray . However, the party shifted towards ultranationalism and right-wing populism over time, which helped them form an alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) . When Uddhav Thackeray became the party leader, he gradually shifted towards composite nationalism and formed an alliance with the Congress and Nationalist Congress Party (NCP). This shift in ideology
6900-709: The late 1980s and early '90s mainly came from the support of the Maratha caste - which it drew away from the Congress. Citing the large percentage of MLAs elected from Shiv Sena belonging to the Maratha caste, Vora from the University of Pune concludes that the Shiv Sena has been emerging as a "Maratha Party". Shivsena Bhavan ( transl. House ), was the central office of the Shiv Sena, located in Ram Ganesh Gadkari Chowk and Shivaji Park in Dadar , Mumbai . It
7000-409: The latter was temporarily broken in the 2014 elections due to seat sharing adjustment, although it was quickly reformed. Shiv Sena was one of the founding members of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in 1998, and it also participated in Vajpayee Government from 1998 to 2004 and the Narendra Modi Government from 2014 to 2019. After 2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election ,
7100-453: The life of Kundan Dubey who later fled from Mumbai. The big break for Byculla Company came when Dawood Ibrahim's elder brother Saabir was murdered in 1981 by Samad Khan, Amirzada and Alamzeb of the Pathan gang. Dawood pleaded with Rama Naik for help and offered a hefty ransom in return. Naik accepted the deal and the Byculla Company including Arun Gawli and Rama Naik were involved in the murder plan of Samad Khan, nephew of Karim Lala and heir to
7200-469: The office of BCCI to stop a meeting between PCB and BCCI officials. The activists shouted anti-Pakistan slogans and held posters that read 'Shahryar Khan go back', determined to stop Manohar from meeting his Pakistani counterpart. Shiv Sena has also threatened to stop Pakistan's Aleem Dar from officiating in the fifth and final ODI between India and South Africa. On 23 March 2017, while travelling to Delhi from Pune , Shiv Sena leader Ravindra Gaikwad
7300-498: The ones specializing in arms smuggling, narcotics and abduction. Kidnappings for ransom in Punjab, are something which rarely happen. The Chaddi Baniyan Gangs (also known as the Kachcha Baniyan Gangs ) are criminal groups operating in parts of India. Gang members perform attacks while wearing only their underwear, which is the source of their name (in the local languages, chaddi , or kachcha are underpants and baniyan
7400-654: The party left the alliance after disagreements with BJP over the CM post. Under Uddhav Thackeray , Shiva Sena formed an alliance with its historic rivals, the Indian National Congress and Nationalist Congress Party Following the 2022 Maharashtra political crisis , the party split. The party once had a powerful hold over the Hindi film industry . It has been accused of being an " extremist ", " chauvinist " , or " fascist " party. Shiv Sena has been allegedly involved in
7500-424: The party was in hand of Thackeray family , thus most of the important positions was hold by Bal Thackeray's son and grandson that is Uddhav and Aditya Thackeray respectively. Opposition parties frequently alleged Shiva Sena as a dynastic political party. Bal Thackeray never remained on any elected political position but he never vacated the position of Shiva Sena supremo and ruled as a Godfather or king maker. For
7600-543: The party. Raj Thackeray later founded a separate party, Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS). Although the MNS is a break-away group from the Shiv Sena, the party is still based in Bhumiputra ideology. When unveiling the party in an assembly at Shivaji Park he said, everyone is anxious to see what will happen to Hindutva and, "I shall elaborate on the party's stance on issues like Hindutva, its agenda for development of Maharashtra and
7700-407: The premises of Dagdi Chawl several times and finally broke Gawli's underworld operations. Gawli was arrested several times for criminal activities and was detained for long periods during the trial. However, he could not be convicted in most of the cases as witnesses would not depose against him for fear of retaliation. He was finally convicted of the murder of Shiv Sena leader Kamlakar Jamsandekar by
7800-466: The premises several times and finally broke his operations. He has been arrested several times for criminal activities and detained for long periods during a trial. However, he could not be convicted in most of the cases as witnesses would not depose against him for fear. He was finally convicted for the murder of Shiv Sena politician Kamalakar Jamsandekar by a court in August 2012. Gawli and eleven others were found guilty of Jamsandekar's murder. Dacoity
7900-476: The primary objective of controlling unions . The flourishing of the banking sector, especially finance companies, spurred the demand for bouncers who ensured recovery of bad loans and helped in taking disputed properties. Cricket bookies also use the services of these bouncers. Around five years back when the boom in real estate ended, these gangs then turned to extortion and protection money as their source of income. Most of these are inter-state gangs as well as
8000-681: The reason behind the "reward" was "decline in growth rate of Hindu population compared to Muslim population as per recent census". In January 2016, the Shiv Sena demanded that the words "secular" and "socialist" be "permanently removed" from the Constitution's Preamble which were added in the 42nd amendment during the emergency . In April 2019, party member Sanjay Raut called for the burqa to be banned. The Shiv Sena has been involved in several controversies, ranging from hooliganism, criminal activities, spreading religious bigotry, and moral policing. In December 2003, Shiv Sena activists damaged
8100-439: The reins of Bada Rajan's gang after Bada Rajan's murder. Later, he was affiliated with and operated at the behest of Dawood in Mumbai and eventually fled India to Dubai in 1988. He is wanted for many criminal cases that include extortion , murder, smuggling , drug trafficking , and film finance . His brother is said to produce films financed by Rajan. He is wanted in 17 murder cases and several more attempted murders. Chhota Rajan
8200-495: The significance of the party flag colours at the 19 March public meeting." Bal Thackeray's son Uddhav Thackeray became the party's leader in 2004, although Bal Thackeray continued to be an important figurehead. After the death of Bal Thackeray on 17 November 2012, Uddhav became the leader of the party but refused to take the title " Shiv Sena Pramukh " (Eng : Shiv Sena Supremo). The Shiv Sena party's ideology has undergone changes since its formation. Initially, it started with
8300-437: The state for over two decades and have their fixed international and local clientele. Goa has, in recent days, become a principal hub of the international drug trade apart from being a key point of consumption. According to estimates, drugs flowing out of different foreign locations lands on the comparatively unguarded Goan coastline as Mumbai and its hinterland are no longer considered an easy route for trafficking since checks by
8400-781: The then Shiv Sena-BJP government. In the 1970s, Shiv Sena was opposed to the Namantar Andolan , a Dalit -led movement to change the name of Marathwada University in Aurangabad to "Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar University", and supported views of conservative Marathas. In 1996, Shiv Sena organised the first and only live concert of American pop icon Michael Jackson in India to raise the funds for its business wing and to help create over two-hundred seventy thousand jobs for people of Maharashtra . Shiv Sena got an entry in Guinness Book of World Records in 2010 for "collecting maximum blood in
8500-487: The time, such as urban poverty in slums, corruption in society, and the Bombay underworld crime scene, and was perceived by audiences as anti-establishment , often represented by an "angry young man" protagonist, presented as a vigilante or anti-hero , with his suppressed rage giving a voice to the angst of the urban poor. Later films in the genre include Ram Gopal Verma 's Satya (1998) and Company (2002), based on
8600-410: The world, is monetary gain. Its virulent form in modern times is due to several socio-economic and political factors and advances in science and technology. There is no firm data to indicate the number of organised criminal gangs operating in the country, their membership, their modus operandi , and the areas of their operations. Their structure and leadership patterns may not strictly fall in line with
8700-477: Was Haji Mastan's domain. Karim Lala and his family members' groups operated in the Bombay docks. They were often called " Afghan mafia" or " Pathan mafia", terms coined by Bombay law enforcement because the majority of this crime syndicate's members were ethnic Pashtuns from Afghanistan 's Kunar province . They were especially involved in hashish trafficking, protection rackets , extortion , illegal gambling , gold smuggling, and contract killings and held
8800-493: Was a right-wing Marathi regionalist Hindutva -based political party in India founded in 1966 by Bal Thackeray , who was later succeeded by Uddhav Thackeray . The party is split into two parties: the Uddhav Thackeray-led Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) which has a new symbol of Mashaal (Torch) and Eknath Shinde-led Shiv Sena (2022–present) which has gotten hold of the original party name and
8900-411: Was a significant departure from Shiv Sena's traditional stance, as the party had been historically opposed to the Congress and NCP for the majority of its existence. In late June 2022, Eknath Shinde , a senior Shiv Sena leader, and the majority of MLAs from Shiv Sena joined hands with the BJP. Governor Bhagat Singh Koshyari called for a trust vote, an action that would later on be described as
9000-399: Was accused of thrashing Air India staff with his shoe, when they tried to make him disembark the plane, after being denied a business class seat because the flight was all-economy. The Delhi Police had charged him with hitting government staff on duty, as well as taking the plane ransom without departing from the plane. The incident led to the creation of No-Fly List in India, and Gaikwad
9100-510: Was also quick to join the Byculla Company as he and Rama Naik were schoolmates and he also knew Babu Reshim through Dilip Prabhu who was the workers union leader at Crompton Greaves. More importantly, Gawli also had a score to settle with gangster Parasnath Pandey. Between 1977 and 1980, the Byculla Company first eliminated Shashi Rasam and his Cobra gang, followed by the murders of gangsters Parasnath Pandey, Mohan Sarmalkar and failed attempt on
9200-574: Was arrested in Bali by Indonesian police on 25 October 2015. He was extradited to India on 6 November after 27 years on the run and is currently awaiting trial in CBI custody. Arun Gawli 's gang is based at Dagdi Chawl in Byculla , Mumbai. Gawali started his criminal activities there and used the rooms there for keeping kidnapped persons, torturing them, extorting money from them, and murdering them. The police raided
9300-828: Was born in Kopargaon , Ahmednagar district , Maharashtra , India . Gawli first worked at Simplex Mills in Chinchpokli, then at Godrej & Boyce company in Vikhroli and later at Crompton Greaves in Kanjurmarg before working at gangster Parasnath Pandey's gambling den. He married Zubeida Mujawar, who later became Asha Gawli after marriage and converted to Hinduism . She was a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Maharashtra and they both have five children, two sons and three daughters including Mahesh and Geeta, Yogita, Yatika Geeta
9400-549: Was challenged by a rival gangster in an open letter carried on the front page of a city tabloid. However, Gawli fell out with Shiv Sena in the mid-1990s, murdered Shiv Sena men and formed his own political party, the Akhil Bharatiya Sena . In 2004, Gawli was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from the Mumbai Chinchpokli constituency as an Akhil Bharatiya Sena candidate. Gawli's rise in prominence
9500-533: Was first inaugurated on 19 June 1977, and refurbished and re-inaugurated on 27 July 2006. It has a Copper Statue of Shivaji Maharaj and a large Poster of Bal Thackeray . In the 1993 Bombay bombings , terrorists planted a powerful bomb in Shivsena Bhavan; it exploded and the building received damage. Matoshri , the house of Bal Thackeray and Uddhav Thackeray was an important building in this party. Many high-profile meetings usually held in it. It worked as
9600-448: Was illegal and violated rights to freedom of speech and expression. On 2 November 2014, during the Kiss of Love protest against moral policing, members of Shiv Sena, Bajrang Dal , Vishwa Hindu Parishad and many other right wing groups opposed and attacked protestors and threatened to strip protestors for kissing on the streets. These opposing groups claimed that public display of affection
9700-447: Was killed in a police encounter, Gawli took over the gang and began operating it from his residence, Dagdi Chawl . Under his control, the gang controlled most criminal activities in the central Mumbai areas. Throughout the late eighties and nineties, Gawli's gang was involved in a power struggle with Dawood Ibrahim 's D-Company gang. Gawli is also the founder of the Akhil Bharatiya Sena political party based in Maharashtra. Arun Gawli
9800-410: Was shot dead in a fake police encounter. Gawli realized that this encounter was done at the behest of Dawood and swore revenge. This unleashed a very violent gang-war between Arun Gawli and Dawood Ibrahim resulting in multiple shootouts and deaths at both sides. The brutal gang-war continued until Gawli was arrested by the police and imprisoned in 1994, again at the behest of Dawood. Mumbai police raided
9900-489: Was their main method of murder, they also used blades and poison. The thugs comprised some who had inherited thuggee as a family vocation, and others who were forced to turn to it out of necessity. The leadership of many of the groups tended to be hereditary with family members sometimes serving together in the same band. Such Thugs were known as aseel . Not all thugs were trained by their family but rather by experienced thugs called ' guru '. While they usually kept their acts
10000-442: Was threatened in 2014 Maharashtra Assembly elections over seat sharing and both contested the election independently. With the BJP becoming the largest party following the 2014 election, Sena declared opposition. However, after negotiations, Sena agreed to join the government in Maharashtra. The Shiv Sena-BJP combine governs the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation . Traditionally the main strongholds of Shiv Sena have been Mumbai and
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