Misplaced Pages

#96903

36-547: Arno Motulsky was born in Fischhausen near Königsberg , East Prussia to German-Jewish parents, Hermann and Rena (Sass) Motulsky. As the Nazis consolidated power and adopted antisemitic laws, Arno's father Hermann, a merchant, attempted to resist. Offended by the public display in the town square of Der Stürmer , the virulently antisemitic pro-Nazi newspaper, he forged a letter to the local Nazi Party branch directing them to remove

72-563: A collaboration of facilities, people, and funding to enhance the region's access to education. The University of Washington WWAMI program is set in six cities across the five-state region; the institutional partners and class size of each campus is listed below. Each campus is supported both by the University of Washington and the partner institution. During the clinical phase of the curriculum, years three and four, clinical sites are found within all five WWAMI states and students from each campus have

108-555: A first town charter in 1305. As the episcopal residence of the Sambian bishops, it was called Bischoveshusen or shortly Vischhusen from about 1325. The richly endowed Gothic parish church was one of the oldest in the province. In 1454, King Casimir IV Jagiellon incorporated the region to the Kingdom of Poland upon the request of the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation . After the subsequent Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466) , it became

144-585: A number of medical schools. When he was 19, Motulsky wrote a short memoir (in English) of his experiences from 1939 to 1941, and this was published after his death. He also discussed his experiences in a 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 -hour interview with the USC Shoah Foundation , as well as a series of interviews with Deutschlandradio . In 2012, Motulsky was honored in a ceremony by the US State Department for

180-604: A part of Poland as a fief held by the Teutonic Knights. When in 1525 Bishop George of Polentz waived his rights, his Fischhausen residence was incorporated into the secular Duchy of Prussia , a newly formed vassal duchy of Poland. On 12 February 1526, the Hohenzollern duke Albert , former Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, married Princess Dorothea of Denmark at the Fischhausen Castle chapel. The fortress became

216-600: A precursor to Kristallnacht . He was imprisoned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp for two months and released on the condition that he leave Germany. He was forced to emigrate without his family in October 1938, bound for Cuba. At age 15 in 1939 Arno along with his mother and younger siblings, already on a waiting list for a visa to enter US, obtained a landing permit to join his father in Cuba. With more than 900 other Jewish refugees,

252-566: A year of high school in Belgium before the German invasion, but he maintained his studies during his internment and was able to pass high school equivalency tests in America in 1942. Over the next 2 years, he was able to obtain college qualifications by attending classes at night and on Saturdays while working during the week. He was accepted to medical school at the University of Illinois at Chicago in 1943, but

288-508: Is the medical school of the University of Washington , a public research university in Seattle , Washington . According to U.S. News & World Report ' s 2022 Best Graduate School rankings, University of Washington School of Medicine ranked #1 in the nation for primary care education, and #7 for research. The University of Washington School of Medicine is the first public medical school in

324-582: The Amber Coast was inaugurated in 1865. From 1871, the town formed part of the German Empire . According to the German 1939 census, the town's population was 3,879. During World War II , the Soviet Red Army advanced towards Fischhausen after the capture of Königsberg . The town was captured after a battle on April 21–24, 1945; during the fighting the medieval town was almost completely destroyed. After

360-570: The Prussian Crusade . Upon the division of the conquered lands, the Bishop of Sambia had a castle erected at the site named Schonewik (derived from Old Prussian : Skanevīs ). First mentioned in a 1268 deed, it is one of the oldest in the region. A settlement was laid out from 1299 onwards and its citizens, mainly descending from Stralsund in the Danish Principality of Rügen , received

396-553: The University of Idaho , respectively. In addition, sixty students in each class are based at Gonzaga University in Spokane, Washington . Preference is given to residents of the WWAMI states. The University of Washington Medicine includes the University of Washington School of Medicine, as well as a number of clinical facilities owned and operated by the UW, including the following: In addition,

SECTION 10

#1732884090097

432-609: The University of Washington School of Medicine , where he continued his work on hemoglobiopathies, developing the first techniques for hemoglobin electrophoresis . At the request of the chair of the department, Motulsky established the Division of Medical Genetics in 1957. Recruited by Motulsky that same year, Stanley Gartler became the first person to join the division. Motulsky's work spanned multiple subject areas he believed would benefit from genetic investigation. Among others, his professional interests were diverse and included studying

468-528: The Vistula Lagoon . Its population is 1,956 ( 2010 Census ) ; compared to 2,150 ( 2002 Census ) ; 1,792 ( 1989 Soviet census ) . . The town is located in the southwest of the Sambia Peninsula . It is situated by a bay on the northern shore of the Vistula Lagoon , about 30 km (19 mi) west of the administrative centre Kaliningrad . The site has been associated with

504-804: The Journal of Clinical investigation, the Lancet, the Scientist, the Pharmacologist, the British Journal of Medicine, the National Academy of Sciences, and UW Medicine. Primorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast Primorsk ( Russian : Примо́рск ; German : Fischhausen ; Polish : Rybaki ; Lithuanian : Žuvininkai/Skanavikas ) is a town in Baltiysky District of Kaliningrad Oblast , Russia , located on

540-520: The Stürmer display boxes. The police traced the letter to him and he served time in prison for his dissidence. Hermann was later pressured by the mayor of Fischhausen to sell his store and other property at undervalued prices to an “Aryan” buyer . The family relocated to Hamburg, living off savings as they explored how and when to emigrate. In June 1938, Hermann was arrested again as part of the Juni-Aktion ,

576-542: The UW School of Medicine was ranked #10 in research and #1 in primary care and in rural medicine by U.S. News & World Report . The UW School of Medicine also ranks as one of the top medical schools in receipt of federal researching funding, having been awarded $ 712.3 million in grants by the National Institutes of Health in 2009. Only Harvard Medical School was awarded more federal funding. In May 2013, it

612-480: The University of Illinois. Motulsky's first research efforts were conducted under the supervision of Karl Singer at the Michael Reese Hospital , where he investigated hemoglobinopathies . Subsequent work involved inherited blood disorders, which he conducted at Walter Reed Army Medical Center 1951 to 1953 during service in the U.S. Army. In 1953, Motulsky joined the faculty of the department of medicine at

648-500: The University of Washington Medicine shares in the ownership and governance of Children’s University Medical Group and Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, a partnership between the University of Washington Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , and Seattle Children's . The school was founded in 1946 as the 76th medical school in the country and is a leader in primary care, family medicine, biomedical research, experimental therapy, clinical treatments, and academic medicine. In 2014,

684-534: The administrative seat of a district ( Kreis Fischhausen ) within the Province of East Prussia in 1818. Following the unsuccessful Polish November Uprising , some Polish insurgents were interned in the town in 1831, including Ignacy Domeyko and General Dezydery Chłapowski . A station on the East Prussian Southern Railway line from Königsberg to Pillau with a branch-off to Palmnicken (Yantarny) on

720-470: The course of his career, Motulsky mentored many postdoctoral trainees in medical genetics, including Robert Sparks, John Mulvihill, Philip J. Fialkow , Charles Epstein , Frederick Hecht , David E. Comings , Judith Goslin Hall , Gilbert S. Omenn , George Stamatoyannopoulos , George Fraser, Wylie Burke , Ephrat Levy-Lahad, and Joseph L. Goldstein . Many of these trainees went on to establish genetics programs at

756-400: The differential response seen in drug-induced prolonged apnea during suxamethonium anesthesia could be attributed to a pseudocholinesterase deficiency genoytpe. This discovery led him to propose the concept of pharmacogenetics in 1964. Motulsky was the first to propose that bone marrow transplantation could be used to cure genetic disorders of the hematopoietic system, which his group

SECTION 20

#1732884090097

792-557: The family embarked on the ship the MS St. Louis from Hamburg to Havana, Along with most other passengers, the Motulskys’ permit to enter Cuba was fraudulently sold by corrupt officials, and Cuba did not allow the refugees to disembark. The captain then asked to land in a US port with the refugees, but the US government refused them entry, as did Canada and other Western Hemisphere nations. The St. Louis

828-426: The genetics of human blood and serum groups, biochemical genetics, the genetics of Werner syndrome , Mendelian and cytogenetic causes of birth defects, ecogenetics , multifactorial diseases, the genetics of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency , genetic variation in color vision, genetic variation as a risk factor in anesthesia, and the genetics of pesticide metabolism. In 1957, Motulsky demonstrated that

864-563: The name of St.  Adalbert of Prague , who was sent with soldiers of Bolesław I the Brave of the newly established Poland to Christianize Prussia . St. Adalbert was beheaded nearby in 997 by the pagan Sambians after he destroyed their sacred oak grove . Several further attempts of conquest by Poles followed, but were successfully repelled. In 1254 Sambia was conquered by forces of the Teutonic Order , led by King Ottokar II of Bohemia , during

900-562: The remainder of their immediate family were in Switzerland, unharmed. The family was reunited in Chicago in 1946, and changed their surname to Molton: only Arno retained the original family name. Motulsky met Gretel Stern (born in 1924, also from Germany) in 1943. They married in 1945. Motulsky had been barred from his primary education in Germany in 1938 due to his Jewish ancestry, and only attended

936-540: The residence of his mentally disabled son Albert Frederick until his death in 1618. Afterwards, the castle decayed. From 1701 on, the town formed part of the Kingdom of Prussia and the castle was finally demolished by order of King Frederick I of Prussia , who had its stones used for the expansion of the nearby Pillau fortress. Upon the re-organisation of the Prussian lands after the Congress of Vienna , Fischhausen became

972-422: The states of Washington , Wyoming , Alaska , Montana , and Idaho . The school maintains a network of teaching facilities in more than 100 towns and cities across the five-state region. As part of this "WWAMI" partnership, medical students from Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, and Idaho spend their first year and a half at the University of Wyoming , the University of Alaska Anchorage , Montana State University , or

1008-684: The survivors of the MS St. Louis and diplomats from countries that accepted them as refugees. He co-wrote his final publication, his autobiography, with Mary-Claire King . Much of this memoir was based on an interview done as part of the Conversations in Genetics series. Obituaries were published in the New York Times, American Journal of Human Genetics, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Genetics in Medicine,

1044-458: The war, the town was transferred to Soviet control and in 1946 it was given its present name (which literally means "by the sea" in Russian). It finally lost its status as a district seat and was incorporated into Zelenogradsky District in 1947. Part of the newly established Baltiysky District since 1996, it was demoted in status to that of an urban-type settlement in 2005. In 2008, its town status

1080-528: Was a monogenic disorder. These were also foundational studies for Goldstein's 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine awarded with Michael Brown, “for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism.” During the 1980's Motulsky collaborated with colleague Samir Deeb to investigate the genetics underlying color vision , eventually identifying common genetic polymorphisms and structural variants that influence color perception. During

1116-486: Was announced that UW Medicine and PeaceHealth were coming together in a "strategic affiliation." The American Civil Liberties Union criticized the merger as PeaceHealth is "directed by the Catholic Ethical and Religious Directives" and UW Medicine is taxpayer-funded. WWAMI is an acronym for Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana, Idaho. The WWAMI program is a collection of states and universities that have agreed to

Arno Motulsky - Misplaced Pages Continue

1152-481: Was drafted by the U.S. Army. He attended Yale University as part of the U.S. Army accelerated program, where he attended a genetics course taught by Donald Poulson and "was hooked forever". Motulsky briefly served as an orderly at an army hospital before enrolling in medical school at the University of Illinois, Chicago . He earned his medical doctorate in 3 years, in 1947. Motulsky subsequently completed his residency in medicine and fellowship in hematology at

1188-559: Was forced to head back towards Germany. A few days before the ship was to land again in Hamburg, four countries agreed to take the refugees. By lots, the passengers were divided among England, France, Belgium, and Netherlands. Arno's family was sent to Belgium in June 1939. The Germans invaded Belgium on May 10, 1940, and 16-year-old Arno was arrested by the Belgians for being a German ‘‘enemy alien.’’ He

1224-510: Was restored. Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is incorporated within Baltiysky District as the town of district significance of Primorsk . As a municipal division , the town of district significance of Primorsk is incorporated within Baltiysky Municipal District as Primorskoye Urban Settlement . University of Washington School of Medicine The University of Washington School of Medicine

1260-596: Was separated from his family and spent a year in various internment camps at Saint-Cyprien, Pyrénées-Orientales and Gurs in southwestern France . Days before his 18th birthday, he was able to arrange to leave France in June 1941 bearing an American visa. He disembarked from Lisbon for the United States, where he arrived in August 1941 and reunited with his father in Chicago . Two years later, Motulsky and his father learned that

1296-427: Was the first to practically demonstrate by using transplantation to cure hereditary spherocytosis in a murine model in 1967. Starting in 1970, Motulsky mentored his trainee Joseph L. Goldstein in investigations of the genetic variability of lipid metabolism. This collaboration led to discovery of the familial inheritance patterns of hyperlipidemia , and provided the first evidence that familial hypercholesterolemia

#96903