63-686: [REDACTED] Armenia in Europe This is a list of all the winners of the Armenian Chess Championship . The first championship was played in 1934, when Armenia was a part of the Transcaucasian SFSR . Championships were held sporadically in the Armenian SSR until 1945, when they became contested every year; this has continued today in independent Armenia. The tournament has usually been held as
126-8160: A round robin of the country's top players. Open Division Winners [ edit ] # Year Winner 1 1934 Genrikh Kasparian (1) 2 1938 Genrikh Kasparian (2) Alexander Dolukhanian (1) 3 1939 Alexander Dolukhanian (2) 4 1941 Loris Kalashian Vazgen Karapetian 5 1945 Alexander Kalantar 6 1946 Tigran Petrosian (1) 7 1947 Tigran Petrosian (2) Genrikh Kasparian (3) 8 1948 Tigran Petrosian (3) Genrikh Kasparian (4) 9 1949 Genrikh Kasparian (5) 10 1950 Genrikh Kasparian (6) 11 1951 Genrikh Kasparian (7) 12 1952 Vladimir Goldin 13 1953 Artsrun Sargsian (1) 14 1954 Genrikh Kasparian (8) 15 1955 Genrikh Kasparian (9) 16 1956 Genrikh Kasparian (10) 17 1957 Nikolay Miasnikov 18 1958 Eduard Mnatsakanian (1) 19 1959 Eduard Mnatsakanian (2) 20 1960 Eduard Mnatsakanian (3) 21 1961 Vanik Zakarian (1) Artsrun Sargsian (2) 22 1962 Eduard Mnatsakanian (4) 23 1963 Adolph Demirkhanian (1) 24 1964 Levon Grigorian (1) 25 1965 Adolph Demirkhanian (2) 26 1966 Levon Grigorian (2) 27 1967 Eduard Mnatsakanian (5) 28 1968 Levon Grigorian (3) 29 1969 Levon Grigorian (4) Karen Grigorian (1) 30 1970 Karen Grigorian (2) 31 1971 Levon Grigorian (5) 32 1972 Levon Grigorian (6) Karen Grigorian (3) 33 1973 Albert Arutiunov (1) 34 1974 Arshak Petrosian (1) 35 1975 Vahagn Voskanian 36 1976 Arshak Petrosian (2) Vanik Zakarian (2) Gagik Akopian 37 1977 Albert Arutiunov (2) 38 1978 Smbat Lputian (1) 39 1979 Slavik Movsisian 40 1980 Smbat Lputian (2) 41 1981 Vladimir Shaboian (1) Karen Movsisian 42 1982 Hrachik Tavadian 43 1983 Ashot Anastasian (1) 44 1984 Vladimir Shaboian (2) 45 1985 Ashot Anastasian (2) 46 1986 Ashot Anastasian (3) 47 1987 Ashot Anastasian (4) 48 1988 Ashot Anastasian (5) 49 1989 Armen Ambartsoumian 50 1990 Artashes Minasian (1) 51 1991 Sergey Galdunts 52 1992 Ashot Anastasian (6) Artashes Minasian (2) 53 1993 Artashes Minasian (3) 54 1994 Ashot Anastasian (7) 55 1995 Artashes Minasian (4) 56 1996 Vladimir Akopian (1) 57 1997 Vladimir Akopian (2) 58 1998 Smbat Lputian (3) 59 1999 Karen Asrian (1) 60 2000 Gabriel Sargissian (1) 61 2001 Smbat Lputian (4) 62 2002 Levon Aronian 63 2003 Gabriel Sargissian (2) 64 2004 Artashes Minasian (5) 65 2005 Ashot Anastasian (8) 66 2006 Artashes Minasian (6) 67 2007 Karen Asrian (2) 68 2008 Karen Asrian (3) 69 2009 Arman Pashikian (1) 70 2010 Avetik Grigoryan 71 2011 Robert Hovhannisyan 72 2012 Tigran L. Petrosian (1) 73 2013 Tigran L. Petrosian (2) 74 2014 Tigran Kotanjian 75 2015 Karen H. Grigoryan 76 2016 Zaven Andriasian 77 2017 Hovhannes Gabuzyan 78 2018 Haik M. Martirosyan 79 2019 Arman Pashikian (2) 80 2020 Samvel Ter-Sahakyan 81 2021 Hovhannes Gabuzyan 82 2022 Manuel Petrosyan 83 2023 Samvel Ter-Sahakyan (2) Women's winners [ edit ] # Year Winner 1 1934 Sirush Makints Margarita Mirza-Avagian 2 1939 Lusik Kalashian 3 1941 Silva Karapetian 4 1949 Alis Aslanyan 5 1950 Rima Manukian (1) 6 1951 Marieta Melik-Pashaian (1) 7 1952 Marieta Melik-Pashaian (2) 8 1953 Nefelina Marjanian (1) 9 1954 Nefelina Marjanian (2) 10 1955 Rima Manukian (2) 11 1956 Marlena Vardanian (1) 12 1957 Galina Lyapunova (1) 13 1958 Galina Lyapunova (2) 14 1959 Galina Lyapunova (3) 15 1960 Galina Lyapunova (4) 16 1961 Galina Lyapunova (5) 17 1962 Marlena Vardanian (2) 18 1963 Venera Boiakhchian (1) 19 1964 Marlena Vardanian (3) Tamara Boiakhchian (1) 20 1965 Tamara Boiakhchian (2) Venera Boiakhchian (2) 21 1966 Tamara Boiakhchian (3) 22 1967 Armenuhi Mehrabian 23 1968 Tamara Boiakhchian (4) Venera Boiakhchian (3) 24 1969 Tamara Boiakhchian (5) 25 1970 Naira Agababean 26 1971 Tamara Boiakhchian (6) 27 1972 Tamara Boiakhchian (7) Anna Hakobian (1) 28 1973 Vera Ghazarian (1) 29 1974 Vera Ghazarian (2) 30 1975 Erna Khalafian (1) 31 1976 Anna Hakobian (2) 32 1977 Hasmik Babaian 33 1978 Anna Hakobian (3) 34 1979 Erna Khalafian (2) 35 1980 Meri Mangrian (1) 36 1981 Erna Khalafian (3) 37 1982 Meri Mangrian (2) 38 1983 Erna Khalafian (4) 39 1984 Ludmila Aslanian (1) 40 1985 Nune Abrahamian 41 1986 Ludmila Aslanian (2) 42 1987 Ludmila Aslanian (3) 43 1988 Erna Khalafian (5) 44 1989 Erna Khalafian (6) 45 1990 Erna Khalafian (7) 46 1991 Ludmila Aslanian (4) 47 1992 Ludmila Aslanian (5) 48 1993 Elina Danielian (1) 49 1994 Elina Danielian (2) 50 1995 Lilit Mkrtchian (1) 51 1996 Gohar Hlghatian (1) 52 1997 Gohar Hlghatian (2) 53 1998 Lilit Mkrtchian (2) 54 1999 Elina Danielian (3) 55 2000 Lilit Mkrtchian (3) 56 2001 Gohar Hlghatian (3) 57 2002 Elina Danielian (4) 58 2003 Elina Danielian (5) 59 2004 Elina Danielian (6) 60 2005 Lilit Mkrtchian (4) 61 2006 Siranush Andriasian (1) 62 2007 Siranush Andriasian (2) 63 2008 Lilit Galojan (1) 64 2009 Lilit Galojan (2) 65 2010 Anahit Kharatyan 66 2011 Siranush Andriasian (3) 67 2012 Maria Kursova (1) 68 2013 Anna Hairapetian 69 2014 Shushanna Sargsyan 70 2015 Susanna Gaboyan (1) 71 2016 Maria Gevorgyan (1) 72 2017 Maria Gevorgyan (2) 73 2018 Maria Kursova (2) 74 2019 Maria Gevorgyan (3) 75 2020 Maria Gevorgyan (4) 76 2021 Susanna Gaboyan (2) 77 2022 Mariam Mkrtchyan 78 2023 Maria Gevorgyan (5) 79 2024 Susanna Gaboyan (3) References [ edit ] ^ "Armchess - ALL CHAMPIONS OF ARMENIA" . 2012-01-20. Archived from
189-594: A Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. Some scholars have linked the name Armenia with the Early Bronze Age state of Armani (Armanum, Armi) or the Late Bronze Age state of Arme (Shupria) . These connections are inconclusive as it is not known what languages were spoken in these kingdoms. Additionally, while it
252-592: Is agreed that Arme was located to the immediate west of Lake Van (probably in the vicinity of Sason , and therefore in the greater Armenia region), the location of the older site of Armani is a matter of debate. Some modern researchers have placed it near modern Samsat , and have suggested it was populated, at least partially, by an early Indo-European-speaking people. It is possible that the name Armenia originates in Armini , Urartian for "inhabitant of Arme" or "Armean country". The Arme tribe of Urartian texts may have been
315-700: Is also attested by the transfer of the seat of the Catholicos of the Armenian Apostolic Church, the spiritual leader of the Armenian people, to the region. The Seljuk Empire soon started to collapse. In the early 12th century, Armenian princes of the Zakarid family drove out the Seljuk Turks and established a semi-independent principality in northern and eastern Armenia known as Zakarid Armenia , which lasted under
378-692: Is at the Nor Geghi 1 Stone Age site in the Hrazdan river valley. Thousands of 325,000 year-old artifacts may indicate that this stage of human technological innovation occurred intermittently throughout the Old World, rather than spreading from a single point of origin (usually hypothesized to be Africa), as was previously thought. Many early Bronze Age settlements were built in Armenia (Valley of Ararat, Shengavit, Harich, Karaz, Amiranisgora, Margahovit, Garni, etc.). One of
441-734: Is geographically located in the South Caucasus , it is generally considered geopolitically European. Since Armenia aligns itself in many respects geopolitically with Europe , the country is a member of numerous European organizations including the Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe , the Council of Europe , the Eastern Partnership , Eurocontrol , the Assembly of European Regions , and
504-675: The Ararat region. The further origin of the name is uncertain. It is also further postulated that the name Hay comes from one of the two confederated, Hittite vassal states – the Ḫayaša -Azzi (1600–1200 BC). The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina ( 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 ). The Ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία ( Armenía ) and Ἀρμένιοι ( Arménioi , "Armenians") are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus ( c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC ). Xenophon ,
567-579: The Armenian Highlands . Each of the aforementioned nations and confederacies participated in the ethnogenesis of the Armenians . A large cuneiform lapidary inscription found in Yerevan established that the modern capital of Armenia was founded in the summer of 782 BC by King Argishti I . Yerevan is one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities . After the fall of the state of Urartu at
630-563: The Armenian genocide . The genocide was implemented in two phases: the wholesale killing of the able-bodied male population through massacre and subjection of army conscripts to forced labour, followed by the deportation of women, children, the elderly and infirm on death marches leading to the Syrian desert . Driven forward by military escorts, the deportees were deprived of food and water and subjected to periodic robbery, rape, and massacre. There
693-625: The Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia was restored in the 9th century before falling in 1045. Cilician Armenia , an Armenian principality and later a kingdom, was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries. Between the 16th and 19th centuries, the traditional Armenian homeland composed of Eastern Armenia and Western Armenia came under the rule of the Ottoman and Persian empires, repeatedly ruled by either of
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#1733094075972756-615: The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 . At the time, Russian-controlled Eastern Armenia , Georgia, and Azerbaijan attempted to bond together in the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic . This federation, however, lasted from only February to May 1918, when all three parties decided to dissolve it. As a result, the Dashnaktsutyun government of Eastern Armenia declared its independence on 28 May as
819-780: The Bronze Age and earlier, dating to about 4000 BC. Archaeological surveys in 2010 and 2011 at the Areni-1 cave complex have resulted in the discovery of the world's earliest known leather shoe , skirt, and wine-producing facility . Several Bronze Age cultures and states flourished in the area of Greater Armenia, including the Trialeti-Vanadzor culture , Hayasa-Azzi , and Mitanni (located in southwestern historical Armenia), all of which are believed to have had Indo-European populations. The Nairi confederation and its successor, Urartu , successively established their sovereignty over
882-756: The Caucasus and Persian campaigns . The new government in Istanbul began to look on the Armenians with distrust and suspicion because the Imperial Russian Army contained a contingent of Armenian volunteers . On 24 April 1915, Armenian intellectuals were arrested by Ottoman authorities and, with the Tehcir Law (29 May 1915), eventually a large proportion of Armenians living in Anatolia perished in what has become known as
945-809: The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . Armenia is also a member of certain regional groups throughout Eurasia , including the Asian Development Bank , the Collective Security Treaty Organization , the Eurasian Economic Union , and the Eurasian Development Bank . Armenia supported the once de facto independent Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), which was proclaimed in 1991 on territory internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan , until
1008-468: The First Republic of Armenia under the leadership of Aram Manukian . The First Republic's short-lived independence was fraught with war, territorial disputes , large-scale rebellions , and a mass influx of refugees from Western Armenia, bringing with them disease and starvation. The Entente Powers sought to help the newly founded Armenian state through relief funds and other forms of support. At
1071-617: The Hayasa-Azzi , Shupria and Nairi . By at least 600 BC, an archaic form of Proto-Armenian , an Indo-European language, had diffused into the Armenian Highlands. The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia . The Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great in the 1st century BC and in
1134-558: The Kara Koyunlu , Timurid dynasty and Ağ Qoyunlu , which continued from the 13th century until the 15th century. After incessant invasions, each bringing destruction to the country, with time Armenia became weakened. In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid dynasty of Iran divided Armenia. From the early 16th century, both Western Armenia and Eastern Armenia fell to
1197-612: The Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia . It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south. Yerevan is the capital , largest city and financial center . Armenia is a unitary , multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. The Armenian Highlands has been home to
1260-695: The Republic of Mountainous Armenia by Armenian forces under command of Garegin Nzhdeh on 26 April, which fought off both Soviet and Turkish intrusions in the Zangezur region of southern Armenia. After Soviet agreements to include the Syunik Province in Armenia's borders, the rebellion ended and the Red Army took control of the region on 13 July. Armenia was annexed by the Red Army and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan ,
1323-632: The Sasanian Empire , it seems, becoming the first officially Christian state, ten years before the Roman Empire granted Christianity an official toleration under Galerius , and 36 years before Constantine the Great was baptised. Prior to this, during the latter part of the Parthian period, Armenia was a predominantly Zoroastrian country. After the fall of the Kingdom of Armenia in 428, most of Armenia
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#17330940759721386-757: The Umayyad Caliphate . The principality was ruled by the Prince of Armenia, and recognised by the Caliph and the Byzantine Emperor . It was part of the administrative division/emirate Arminiya created by the Arabs, which also included parts of Georgia and Caucasian Albania , and had its centre in the Armenian city, Dvin . Arminiya lasted until 884, when it regained its independence from the weakened Abbasid Caliphate under Ashot I of Armenia . The reemergent Armenian kingdom
1449-459: The Wayback Machine ^ Shushanna Sargsyan becomes Armenia's Chess Champion 2014 External links [ edit ] RUSBASE (part V) 1919-1937,1991-1994 ( Archived 2008-08-09 at the Wayback Machine 2009-10-24) RUSBASE (part IV) 1938-1960 ( Archived 2005-09-03 at the Wayback Machine 2009-10-25) RUSBASE (part III), 1961-1969,1985-1990 ( Archived 2009-04-05 at
1512-3401: The Wayback Machine 2009-10-25) RUSBASE (part II) 1970-1984 ( Archived 2009-10-25) Champions from the Armenian Chess Federation Men Archived 2012-01-20 at the Wayback Machine and Women Archived 2011-09-30 at the Wayback Machine v t e Chess national championships Present Albania Algeria Andorra Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Canada Catalonia Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Dominican Republic El Salvador Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Georgia Germany Great Britain Greece Guatemala Honduras Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Kazakhstan Kenya Kosovo Latvia Lebanon Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Madagascar Malaysia Malta Mexico Moldova Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Myanmar Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Northern Ireland Norway Pakistan Panama Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russia Scotland Serbia Seychelles Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Sweden Switzerland Trinidad and Tobago Turkey Ukraine United Arab Emirates United States women's Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela Vietnam Wales Zambia Zimbabwe Defunct Czechoslovakia Serbia and Montenegro USSR women's Yugoslavia Cities Berlin Kiev Leningrad Moscow Paris Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Armenian_Chess_Championship&oldid=1248059858 " Categories : Chess national championships Women's chess national championships Chess in Armenia 1934 in chess 1934 in Armenia Recurring events established in 1934 National championships in Armenia Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links Articles with hCards Armenia Armenia , officially
1575-679: The "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan". During the 1890s, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation , commonly known as Dashnaktsutyun , became active within the Ottoman Empire with the aim of unifying the various small groups in the empire that were advocating for reform and defending Armenian villages from massacres that were widespread in some of the Armenian-populated areas of the empire. Dashnaktsutyun members also formed Armenian fedayi groups that defended Armenian civilians through armed resistance. The Dashnaks also worked for
1638-574: The 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay , following the Russo-Persian War (1804–13) and the Russo-Persian War (1826–28) , respectively, the Qajar dynasty of Iran was forced to irrevocably cede Eastern Armenia , consisting of the Erivan and Karabakh Khanates , to Imperial Russia . This period is known as Russian Armenia . While Western Armenia still remained under Ottoman rule,
1701-422: The 19th century, Eastern Armenia was ruled by the successive Safavid, Afsharid and Qajar empires, while Western Armenia remained under Ottoman rule. From 1604, Abbas I of Iran implemented a " scorched earth " policy in the region to protect his north-western frontier against any invading Ottoman forces , a policy that involved a forced resettlement of masses of Armenians outside of their homelands. In
1764-707: The Armenian diaspora have been campaigning for official recognition of the events as genocide for over 30 years. These events are traditionally commemorated yearly on 24 April, the Armenian Martyr Day, or the Day of the Armenian genocide. Although the Russian Caucasus Army of Imperial forces commanded by Nikolai Yudenich and Armenians in volunteer units and Armenian militia led by Andranik Ozanian and Tovmas Nazarbekian succeeded in gaining most of Western Armenia during World War I, their gains were lost with
1827-572: The Armenians were granted considerable autonomy within their own enclaves and lived in relative harmony with other groups in the empire (including the ruling Turks). However, as Christians under a strict Muslim social structure , Armenians faced pervasive discrimination. In response to 1894 Sasun rebellion , Sultan Abdul Hamid II organised state-sponsored massacres against the Armenians between 1894 and 1896, resulting in an estimated death toll of 80,000 to 300,000 people. The Hamidian massacres , as they came to be known, gave Hamid international infamy as
1890-775: The Byzantine Empire conquered Bagratid Armenia. Soon, the other Armenian states fell under Byzantine control as well. The Byzantine rule was short-lived, as in 1071 the Seljuk Empire defeated the Byzantines and conquered Armenia at the Battle of Manzikert , establishing the Seljuk Empire. To escape death or servitude at the hands of those who had assassinated his relative, Gagik II of Armenia , King of Ani , an Armenian named Ruben I, Prince of Armenia , went with some of his countrymen into
1953-823: The Great , becoming the most powerful kingdom of its time east of the Roman Republic . In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire 's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I , the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia , which itself was a branch of the Parthian Empire . Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including Assyria (under Ashurbanipal , at around 669–627 BC,
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2016-703: The Russian Empire ceased to exist, leading to the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia . By 1920, the state was incorporated into the Soviet Union as the Armenian SSR . The modern Republic of Armenia became independent in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . Armenia is a developing country and ranks 85th on the Human Development Index (2021). Its economy is primarily based on industrial output and mineral extraction. While Armenia
2079-403: The Safavid Empire. Owing to the century long Turco-Iranian geopolitical rivalry that would last in West Asia, significant parts of the region were frequently fought over between the two rivalling empires during the Ottoman–Persian Wars . From the mid 16th century with the Peace of Amasya , and decisively from the first half of the 17th century with the Treaty of Zuhab until the first half of
2142-399: The Sèvres treaty. Simultaneously, the Soviet Eleventh Army , under the command of Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze , invaded Armenia at Karavansarai (present-day Ijevan ) on 29 November. By 4 December, Ordzhonikidze's forces entered Yerevan and the short-lived Armenian republic collapsed. After the fall of the republic, the February Uprising soon took place in 1921, and led to the establishment of
2205-464: The Urumu, who in the 12th century BC attempted to invade Assyria from the north with their allies the Mushki and the Kaskians . The Urumu apparently settled in the vicinity of Sason, lending their name to the regions of Arme and the nearby lands of Urme and Inner Urumu. Given that this was an exonym , it may have meant "wasteland, dense forest", cf. armutu (wasteland), armaḫḫu (thicket, thick woods), armāniš (tree). The southerners considered
2268-411: The aftermath of the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War and occupied the old city of Alexandropol (present-day Gyumri ). The violent conflict finally concluded with the Treaty of Alexandropol on 2 December 1920. The treaty forced Armenia to disarm most of its military forces , cede all former Ottoman territory granted to it by the Treaty of Sèvres , and to give up all the "Wilsonian Armenia" granted to it at
2331-423: The beginning of the 6th century BC, the Armenian Highlands were for some time under the hegemony of the Medes , and after that they were part of the Achaemenid Empire . Armenia was part of the Achaemenid state from the second half of the 6th century BC until the second half of the 4th century BC divided into two satrapies - XIII (western part, with the capital in Melitene ) and XVIII (northeastern part). During
2394-426: The boundaries of Assyria reached as far as Armenia and the Caucasus Mountains ), Medes , Achaemenid Empire , Greeks , Parthians , Romans , Sasanian Empire , Byzantine Empire , Arabs , Seljuk Empire , Mongols , Ottoman Empire , the successive Safavid , Afsharid , and Qajar dynasties of Iran, and the Russians. Religion in ancient Armenia was historically related to a set of beliefs that, in Persia, led to
2457-406: The deaths of as many as 20,000–30,000 Armenians. The Armenians living in the empire hoped that the Committee of Union and Progress would change their second-class status. The Armenian reform package (1914) was presented as a solution by appointing an inspector general over Armenian issues. The outbreak of World War I led to confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire in
2520-442: The dictator of the USSR. Stalin's reign was characterized by mass repressions, that cost millions of lives all over the USSR. Levon Grigorian Levon Ashotovich Grigorian (7 September 1947 – 29 November 1975), was a Soviet Armenian chess player and son of the poet Ashot Grashi . He won Armenian Chess Championships in 1964, 1966, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1972 and Uzbekistani Chess Championships in 1974 and 1975. Grigorian
2583-433: The emergence of Zoroastrianism . It particularly focused on the worship of Mithra and also included a pantheon of gods such as Aramazd , Vahagn , Anahit , and Astghik . The country used the solar Armenian calendar , which consisted of 12 months. Christianity spread into the country in the early 4th century AD. Tiridates III of Armenia (238–314) made Christianity the state religion in 301, partly, in defiance of
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2646-443: The end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Western Armenia to it. Because the new borders of Armenia were to be drawn by United States President Woodrow Wilson , Western Armenia
2709-416: The four sons of Aram, Uz founded Trachonitis and Damascus : this country lies between Palestine and Celesyria . Ul founded Armenia; and Gather the Bactrians ; and Mesa the Mesaneans; it is now called Charax Spasini . The first human traces are supported by the presence of Acheulean tools, generally close to the obsidian outcrops more than 1 million years ago. The most recent and important excavation
2772-448: The gorges of the Taurus Mountains and then into Tarsus of Cilicia . The Byzantine governor of the palace gave them shelter where the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was eventually established on 6 January 1198 under Leo I, King of Armenia , a descendant of Prince Ruben. Cilicia was a strong ally of the European Crusaders , and saw itself as a bastion of Christendom in the East. Cilicia's significance in Armenian history and statehood
2835-414: The important sites of the Early Bronze Age is Shengavit Settlement , It was located on the site of today's capital of Armenia, Yerevan . Such things were discovered in Armenia, for example, the oldest shoe , oldest wagon , oldest skirt , and the oldest wine-making facility . Armenia lies in the highlands surrounding the mountains of Ararat . There is evidence of an early civilisation in Armenia in
2898-429: The land of Mesopotamia between the Tigris and the Euphrates to the north of the Chaldees to the border of the mountains of Asshur and the land of 'Arara'. Jubilees 8:21 also apportions the Mountains of Ararat to Shem , which Jubilees 9:5 expounds to be apportioned to Aram . The historian Flavius Josephus also states in his Antiquities of the Jews , Aram had the Aramites, which the Greeks called Syrians ;... Of
2961-462: The late 6th century BC, the first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighbouring populations was established under the Orontid Dynasty within the Achaemenid Empire , as part of the latter's territories. The kingdom became fully sovereign from the sphere of influence of the Seleucid Empire in 190 BC under King Artaxias I and begun the rule of the Artaxiad dynasty . Armenia reached its height between 95 and 66 BC under Tigranes
3024-403: The northern forests to be the abode of dangerous beasts. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram , a lineal descendant of Hayk. In the Hebrew Bible / Old Testament , the Table of Nations lists Aram as the son of Shem , to whom the Book of Jubilees attests, And for Aram there came forth the fourth portion, all
3087-705: The original on 2012-01-20 . Retrieved 2020-05-12 . ^ "Armenian Chess Championships 2013" . FIDE. 2013-01-25. Archived from the original on 2021-01-12 . Retrieved 18 January 2014 . ^ "Tigran Kotanjian wins Armenia's Chess Championship" . Aysor.am. 2014-01-21 . Retrieved 21 January 2014 . ^ Hovhannes Gabuzyan wins Armenian Championship 2021 , chessbase.com. ^ Manuel Petrosyan becomes Armenia chess champion , news.am. ^ 83th Armenian Ch. The Highest League ^ Maria Kursova wins Armenian Women’s Chess Championship 2012 ^ Anna Hairapetian - Armenian Woman Champion 2013 Archived February 1, 2014, at
3150-470: The patronage of the Georgian Kingdom . The Orbelian Dynasty shared control with the Zakarids in various parts of the country, especially in Syunik and Vayots Dzor , while the House of Hasan-Jalalyan controlled provinces of Artsakh and Utik as the Kingdom of Artsakh. During the 1230s, the Mongol Empire conquered Zakarid Armenia and then the remainder of Armenia. The Mongolian invasions were soon followed by those of other Central Asian tribes, such as
3213-439: The republic's dissolution in September 2023. The original native Armenian name for the country was Հայք ( Hayk' ); however, it is currently rarely used. The contemporary name Հայաստան ( Hayastan ) became popular in the Middle Ages by addition of the Persian suffix -stan (place). However the origins of the name Hayastan trace back to much earlier dates and were first attested in c. 5th century in
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#17330940759723276-513: The research conducted by Arnold J. Toynbee , an estimated 600,000 Armenians died during deportation from 1915 to 1916. This figure, however, accounts for solely the first year of the Genocide and does not take into account those who died or were killed after the report was compiled on 24 May 1916. The International Association of Genocide Scholars places the death toll at "more than a million". The total number of people killed has been most widely estimated at between 1 and 1.5 million. Armenia and
3339-476: The two over the centuries. By the 19th century, Eastern Armenia had been conquered by the Russian Empire , while most of the western parts of the traditional Armenian homeland remained under Ottoman rule. During World War I , up to 1.5 million Armenians living in their ancestral lands in the Ottoman Empire were systematically exterminated in the Armenian genocide . In 1918, following the Russian Revolution , all non-Russian countries declared their independence after
3402-408: The wider goal of creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia, although they sometimes set aside this goal in favour of a more realistic approach, such as advocating autonomy. The Ottoman Empire began to collapse, and in 1908, the Young Turk Revolution overthrew the government of Sultan Hamid. In April 1909, the Adana massacre occurred in the Adana Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire resulting in
3465-415: The works of Agathangelos , Faustus of Byzantium , Ghazar Parpetsi , Koryun , and Sebeos . The name has traditionally been derived from Hayk ( Հայկ ), the legendary patriarch of the Armenians and a great-great-grandson of Noah , who, according to the 5th-century AD author Moses of Chorene (Movsis Khorenatsi) , defeated the Babylonian king Bel in 2492 BC and established his nation in
3528-399: The year 301 became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion . Armenia still recognises the Armenian Apostolic Church , the world's oldest national church , as the country's primary religious establishment. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Under the Bagratuni dynasty ,
3591-418: Was also referred to as " Wilsonian Armenia ". In addition, just days prior, on 5 August 1920, Mihran Damadian of the Armenian National Union, the de facto Armenian administration in Cilicia, declared the independence of Cilicia as an Armenian autonomous republic under French protectorate. There was even consideration of making Armenia a mandate under the protection of the United States. The treaty, however,
3654-452: Was divided up into three separate entities ( Armenian SSR , Azerbaijan SSR , and Georgian SSR ). Armenians enjoyed a period of relative stability within USSR in contrast to the turbulent final years of the Ottoman Empire. The situation was difficult for the church, which struggled with secular policies of USSR . After the death of Vladimir Lenin , Joseph Stalin , the general secretary of the Communist Party , gradually established himself as
3717-421: Was incorporated as a marzpanate within the Sasanian Empire . Following the Battle of Avarayr in 451, Christian Armenians maintained their religion and Armenia gained autonomy. The Sassanid Empire was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate in the mid 7th century, reuniting Armenian lands previously taken by the Byzantine Empire , and Armenia subsequently emerged as Arminiya , an autonomous principality under
3780-513: Was incorporated into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars . In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars , Ardahan , and Iğdır , all of which were part of Russian Armenia. The TSFSR existed from 1922 to 1936, when it
3843-424: Was local Armenian resistance in the region, developed against the activities of the Ottoman Empire. The events of 1915 to 1917 are regarded by Armenians and the vast majority of Western historians to have been state-sponsored mass killings, or genocide. Turkish authorities deny the genocide took place to this day. The Armenian Genocide is acknowledged to have been one of the first modern genocides . According to
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#17330940759723906-459: Was rejected by the Turkish National Movement , and never came into effect. The movement used the treaty as the occasion to declare itself the rightful government of Turkey , replacing the monarchy based in Istanbul with a republic based in Ankara . In 1920, Turkish nationalist forces invaded the fledgling Armenian republic from the east. Turkish forces under the command of Kazım Karabekir captured Armenian territories that Russia had annexed in
3969-419: Was ruled by the Bagratuni dynasty and lasted until 1045. In time, several areas of the Bagratid Armenia separated as independent kingdoms and principalities such as the Kingdom of Vaspurakan ruled by the House of Artsruni in the south, Kingdom of Syunik in the east, or Kingdom of Artsakh on the territory of modern Nagorno-Karabakh , while still recognising the supremacy of the Bagratid kings. In 1045,
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