There are many traditional states in Nigeria . A partial list follows. Although the traditional rulers no longer officially have political power, they still have considerable status in Nigeria and the power of patronage . Except where otherwise noted, names of traditional rulers are based on the World Statesmen.org list.
31-639: The Kebbi Emirate , also known as the Argungu Emirate is a traditional state based on the town of Argungu in Kebbi State , Nigeria . It is the successor to the ancient Hausa kingdom of Kebbi. The Emirate is one of four in Kebbi State, the others being the Gwandu Emirate , Yauri Emirate and Zuru Emirate . The Kebbi emirate is in the northwest of the modern Kebbi State. In earlier times it extended to
62-530: A concubine of the Hausa founding father, Bayajidda, hence the locally disdainful term banza ("illegitimate"). The first historical references date to the time when the area came under Songhay rule during the reign of Sunni Ali (1464–1492). The earliest documented mention of a Kebbi ruler is to be found in Al-Sa'di's Ta'rïkh al-Südän where it is related that in the year 1516-7 Kanta Kuta, ruler of Leka, revolted against
93-668: A place where dead emirs of the local government are buried. Rulers of the Hausa kingdom before incorporation into the Sokoto Caliphate: Rulers of the Hausa Emirate established at Argungu: Nigerian traditional state Atyap Ufuwai Bonet 2008 Agwam Agworok Zamfara River The Zamfara River is a river in the northern part of Nigeria . Originating in Zamfara State , it runs 250 kilometres (160 mi) west into Kebbi State where it joins with
124-605: A puppet ruler, Usuman Masa. However, the Kebbawa continued to resist, and Abdullahi was unable to complete the conquest. Muhammadu Hodi fought on in the Zamfara Valley, and his successor Karari in Argungu and Zazzagawa. On Karari's death in 1831, his son Yakubu Nabame surrendered, and for 16 years lived in exile in Sokoto until Sultan Aliyu Babba allowed him to return to Argungu as a vassal of
155-576: A string of successes against Gwandu between 1883 and 1903, with some severe setbacks, until the establishment of the British protectorate of Northern Nigeria finally ended the fighting. On 5 August 1890 the British and French concluded an agreement to divide West Africa between the two colonial powers. Under this agreement, Britain would acquire all territories up to and including the Sokoto Caliphate, while
186-643: A subject state. Monteil also found little evidence of the presence claimed in the region by the British Royal Niger Company , apart from a few commercial depots in Gwandu. When the British heard of Monteil's report, and then heard that the French had raised their flag in Argungu, they dispatched troops to Argungu in 1898, where they found no French presence. The British established a permanent force in Argungu in 1902 to provide protection to French caravans crossing
217-408: A system where the emirs were given large administrative authority subject to the direction of District Officers. The Argungu posting was not sought after. The mosquitoes were so bad that the D.O. had to sleep in a specially constructed mosquito cage. The annual Argungu Fishing Festival is one of the largest cultural events in northern Nigeria. The Festival has a long history. It was first staged when
248-643: Is about 800mm. Average temperatures are about 26 °C, ranging from 21 °C in winter to 40 °C between April and June. Kebbi is populated by the Kebbawa, a subgroup of the Hausa. Kebbi is traditionally considered to belong to the Banza bakwai states of Hausaland . According to the locally known Hausa legend , the Kebbi kingdom was one of the Banza Bakwai ("seven bastards") or seven "illegitimate" states. The rulers of these states were supposed to trace their lineage to
279-451: Is owing to high precipitation mean and expanded urbanization nearby. Be that as it may, the huge diminishing pattern of the release downstream of the stream catchment is related to many variables, strikingly; high vanishing rate because of high temperature, low precipitation mean and the somewhat high penetration rate empowered by the high level of sandy soil and the sedimentary land development. Water supply and irrigation, particularly in
310-530: The Sokoto River some 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Birnin Kebbi . At its highest point the Zamfara River flows through an area that is 188 metres (617 ft) above sea level. Zamfara River has different names associated with in different region that it flows through. Some of the most common ones include Gulbi Gindi, Gulbi Zamfara, River Zamfara, and River Gindi. On the 6th of October 2022, it
341-530: The British zone by agreement, and then to protect the boundary commission that was delimiting the boundary between the French and British spheres. On hearing word that the Sultan of Sokoto was gathering his forces, this force and others were dispatched to Sokoto where after some fighting they achieved a decisive victory. Sarkin Sama had welcomed the British for political reasons, since under the British system of indirect rule he
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#1733084566121372-629: The Caliphate. In 1849 Yakubu renounced his allegiance and proclaimed himself Sarkin Kebbi. After see-saw battles, including at one time a siege of Argungu by Sokoto forces, Sultan Aliyu of Sokoto effectively recognized the independence of the Kebbi Emirate based in Argungu. However the Sokoto government effectively controlled Kebbi politics and it acted as a puppet state. Kebbi now formed a hostile wedge between Sokoto and Gwandu, and sporadic warfare continued for
403-706: The Dendi-fari ("governor of the eastern front"), a provincial governor of the Songhay empire and established his independence which lasted until the downfall of the Songhay empire. The reason for Kebbi's break with Songhay was the refusal of the Dendi-fari to give the Kanta his share of the booty obtained in an expedition against the Sultanate of Air . In the year 1517–8, an attempt was made by Songhay to re-establish its authority over Kebbi, but
434-453: The Emir's palace until 1942, when the British built a new administrative palace during the reign of Muhammed Sani. On 1 July 1958, it opened as a museum, offering an insight into the turbulent history of Kebbi State . The museum has a notable collection of weapons, consisting of charms, spears, swords, wood, stones, bows and arrows, local guns and even drums on display. The museum is also known to be
465-455: The French would take the lands further to the north. The people of the region were not consulted. The Frenchman Parfait-Louis Monteil was given charge of an expedition to discover the northern limits of the Sokoto caliphate. Reaching Argungu in the summer of 1891, he found that the emirate was independent of Sokoto, although it was to be defeated by Sokoto in March 1892 and forced to once again become
496-634: The Sultan of Sokoto, Hassan Dan Mu'azu, visited the Argungu Emirate in 1934, and was held to display the fishing ability of the Kabawas by the Emir Muhammed Sama. Until the 1960s the festival was a local affair, but in 1972 it was attended by the Nigerian Head of State, General Yakubu Gowon and his counterpart from Niger , Hamani Diori . For political reasons, the festival lost support and no festival
527-463: The downstream areas, are in jeopardy as a result of these trends and variations. As a result, an integrated basin study utilizing hydrological modeling will be helpful in determining the distinct impacts of the contributing factors and predicting how the river will behave in response to those impacts. Northern Nigeria in Zamfara State, due to the outbreak in two villages, a team travelled and began
558-556: The economy has led the government to conserve fish stock by prohibiting use of gill nets and cast nets. The Zauro polder project was conceived in 1969 and long delayed, but seemed likely to be started in 2009. The project would irrigate 10,572 hectares of farmland in the floodplain of the Rima River between Argungu and Birnin Kebbi . Crops would include rice, maize, wheat, barley and vegetables such as cow peas, onions, tomatoes, sweet potatoes and Irish potatoes. The dam would also benefit
589-468: The fishing industry, important in the state. The project promises significant benefits but is controversial, since it would change land use patterns, displace some communities and flood the site of the annual fishing festival. The Emir of Argungu has been stoned in protests over the project. In June 2009 Argungu Emirate presented a proposal to the National Commission for Museums and Monuments to give
620-577: The historic Surame site a World Heritage listing. Surame was the first capital of the Kebbi Kingdom, founded by Mohammadu Kanta Kotal. Senator Umaru Abubakar Argungu also asked for help make the Kanta Museum not only a national monument but a historical cultural resource for the World Heritage List. The museum building, adjacent to the main market was built in 1831 by Yakubu Nabame and served as
651-479: The investigation to ascertain the cause of the outbreak. Resident in each village reported that one-fourth of all the children in their communities had died in the previous year. The community wells had high levels of lead which in return caused the children in both villages had high level of lead in their blood. This Zamfara State , Nigeria location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Kebbi State , Nigeria location article
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#1733084566121682-518: The issue. By the end of the sixteenth century Kebbi had become a minor kingdom. During the Fulani jihad , in 1808 Abdullahi dan Fodio (c. 1766–1828), the younger brother of Shaihu Usman dan Fodio , defeated the forces of Kebbi. He became ruler of the Gwandu Emirate , which dominated the northeast of the Sokoto Caliphate . The Sarkin Kebbi , Muhammadu Hodi, was driven from his capital and replaced by
713-515: The massive walls still survive, was the capital of the kingdom. Kebbi became a major power in the region, resisting Songhay attacks, expanding into the Yauri and Nupe lands to the south and defeating attempts by the Bornu Empire to invade and occupy the Hausa states. However, after Kanta's death in 1556 the Hausa states stopped paying tribute, and his son and successor Ahmadu did not attempt to force
744-604: The next fifty years. In 1859 Yakubu's brother and successor Yusufu Mainasara was killed in battle in the dried out floodplain of the Rima River . In 1860 the Emir of Gwandu, Haliru, was killed in battle at Karakara. In 1867 the Fulani recognized the independence of Kebbi in a formal treaty. In 1875 war broke out again when the people of Fanna in the lower Rima valley decided to transfer their allegiance to Gwandu. Sarkin Kebbi Sama'ila achieved
775-413: The prizes for this catch were presented at a ceremony attended by President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua , his wife, six governors and many traditional rulers. The 2009 festival also included water sports, archery and catapulting competitions, a motor rally, performances by dance troupes from Niger , Mali , Chad and Benin , wrestling and boxing matches, and an agricultural fair. The importance of the festival to
806-406: The south of its original capital of Birnin Kebbi , which is now capital of the Gwandu Emirate and of Kebbi State itself. The landscape is mainly Sudanian Savanna , open woodland with scattered trees. It is intersected by the lowlands of the Rima River , which are seasonally flooded. There is a wet season between May and September, with little rain in the remainder of the year. Mean annual rainfall
837-408: The three downstream stations, had been noticed. Be that as it may, there is a rising pattern of the waterway release from every one of the three upstream stations, however measurably unimportant. The ANOVA [F (5,210) = 106.226, P < 0.05] and group investigation results showed huge spatial varieties between the upstream and downstream stations. The rising pattern of the release in the upstream stations
868-401: Was able to regain and consolidate his power. By 1908, British power was unquestioned. At a durbar held in 1908 for the colonial governor Frederick Lugard , the emirs of Kebbi and Gwandu and the Sultan of Sokoto turned out in force, with a show of fifteen thousand horsemen and camels. The Emirs gave Lugard sixteen ponies as tribute, and prostrated themselves before him. The British established
899-477: Was confirmed that villagers living around the river, drowned while trying to escape terrorist attack. The river catchment were evaluated utilizing information traversing 36 years, (1980-2015), for legitimate preparation and the board of water assets in the bowl. New hydrological knowledge for the district: The worldly and spatial abnormalities in the spillover of Hadeia stream catchment has been distinguished. A critical decline of waterway release, from two out of
930-443: Was staged from 1999 until 2004. The festival has now been revived and is becoming a major tourist attraction. By 2009, the renamed Argungu International and Cultural Festival included a grand durbar with 500 well-decorated horses and their riders, and 120 well decorated camels and their riders, led by the flag bearer of the Argungu Emirate and including participants from many other ethnic groups. The largest fish weighed 55 kg, and
961-737: Was unsuccessful. Kuta was succeeded, probably in 1523-4 by Muhammad Kanta and it was under him that Kebbi emerged as a formidable power in the Central Sudan . Sudan. During the reign of the Songhay Askia Muhammad Bunkan , the Kanta was able to inflict a crushing defeat on Songhay, the Askia's army was scattered 'pell-mell' and Muhammad Bunkan was fortunate to get away with his life. The Al-Sa'di's Ta'rïkh al-Südän , which records this incident, says that no other Askia again attempted an expedition against Kebbi. During this period Surame , of which