Araripe Geopark is a geological park , located in Ceará , Brazil . It is the first geological park in Brazil, recognized by UNESCO ( global geopark ).
20-573: It is located across six municipalities in Ceará: Barbalha , Crato , Juazeiro do Norte , Missão Velha , Nova Olinda , and Santana do Cariri . With a total area of 3,796 km², the park presents a vast biological, geological, and paleontological heritage. Initially, part of its territory was recognized as the Environmental Protection Area of Chapada do Araripe since 1997, on the plateau between 700 and 900 meters high, located near
40-550: A tropical savanna climate ( Köppen : Aw ) with hot temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The city experiences a wet season from January to April. The dry season extends from June to November. Araguaína has hot conditions throughout the year. October and November are the hottest months, with average highs around 35 °C (95 °F). Panela This is an accepted version of this page Panela ( Spanish pronunciation: [paˈnela] ) or rapadura (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁapaˈduɾɐ] )
60-399: A comfort food eaten straight. In Venezuela, it is an essential ingredient for many typical recipes, although production of panela in the country dropped precipitously across the 20th century. Panela manufacturers and advocates claim the substance to be healthier than refined sugar , suggesting it has immunological benefits, a lower glycemic index , and higher micronutrient content. As
80-617: Is also used for chancacas . Known as piloncillo in México, it is most often seen in the shape of small, truncated cones. Many Mexican desserts are made with piloncillo , such as atole , capirotada , champurrado , and flan . It is also blended with different spices, such as anise , cayenne , or chocolate . In the Philippines, panocha or in Tagalog panutsá , is traditionally used as an ingredient for latík and kalamay , as well as
100-618: Is an unrefined whole cane sugar , typical of Latin America . It is a solid form of sucrose derived from the boiling and evaporation of sugarcane juice. Panela is known by other names in Latin America, such as chancaca in Chile, Bolivia, and Peru, piloncillo in Mexico (where panela refers to a type of cheese, queso panela ). Just like brown sugar, two varieties of piloncillo are available; one
120-455: Is called chankaka or empanizao ). In Colombia, the panela industry is an important source of employment, with about 350,000 people working in nearly 20,000 trapiches (panela farms). In 2003, Colombian sugarcane contributed 4.2% of the value of agricultural production (not counting coffee) and 1.9% of national agricultural activity of that country. That year, it was ninth in contributions to production value. Similarly, it represents 10.7% of
140-488: Is for aguapanela , one of its most widely consumed beverages, and an important source of calories for working people, especially in rural areas. It is also used in the preparation of guarapo and various desserts . Since it is a very solid block, some Colombian homes have a hard river stone ( la piedra de la panela ) to break the panela into smaller, more manageable pieces. Panela can be purchased in markets, local grocers, and online stores. In parts of coastal Colombia, it
160-505: Is lighter ( blanco ) and one darker ( oscuro ). Unrefined, it is commonly used in Mexico, where it has been around for at least 500 years. Made from crushed sugar cane, the juice is collected, boiled, and poured into molds, where it hardens into blocks. It is similar to jaggery , which is used in South Asia. Both are considered non-centrifugal cane sugars . Panela is sold in many forms, including liquid, granulated, and solid blocks, and
180-622: Is located at the south of the state, 575 km (357 mi) from the state capital of Fortaleza . The eastern part of the Araripe-Apodi National Forest , established in 1946, is located in Barbalha. The city sits at the foot of the Chapada do Araripe , a large plateau on the border of Ceará and Pernambuco. The municipality of Barbalha is located in the microregion of the Vale do Cariri , in
200-519: Is used in the canning of foods, as well as in confectionery, soft drinks, baking, and vinegar, beer, and winemaking. The main producer of panela is Colombia (about 1.4 million tons/year), where panela production is one of the most important economic activities, with the highest index of panela consumption per capita worldwide. Panela is also produced in Ecuador , Guatemala , Mexico , Panama , Peru , Chile , Venezuela , Brazil, and Bolivia (where it
220-603: The Global Geoparks Network and is recognized by UNESCO as a relevant geological and paleontological heritage of the world. It was the first geological park recognized in the Americas. One of the objectives of the geological park is to preserve the natural wealth of Chapada do Araripe . In Araripe UNESCO Global Geopark there are nine geosites. Each geosite characterizes a different period of this region’s geological time. Several dinosaurs, pterosaurs, fish, and plants from
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#1733086081157240-730: The Equator , a short-lived rebellion that occurred in the Northeastern region of Brazil in 1824. An important festival in Barbalha is the Festa do Pau-da-Bandeira de Santo Antonio (Feast of the Flagpole of Saint Anthony) in June. The municipality produces famous rapadura ( panela ) (unrefined whole cane sugar ) and cassava flour. Other industries in the town produce marble, bricks, tiles, and Portland cement. The former town hall of Barbalha (Casa de Câmara e Cadeia)
260-571: The Geological Park of Araripe appear in the Brazilian science fiction work Hidden Reality ( Realidade Oculta [ pt ] ). Barbalha Barbalha is a municipality in the state of Ceará in the Northeast region of Brazil . Barbalha covers 569.5 km (219.9 sq mi), and has a population of 61,228 with a population density of 100 inhabitants per square kilometer. It
280-516: The area for permanent crops and 6.2% of the total area cultivated in Colombia, sixth place among the country's crops, behind only coffee, corn, rice, bananas, and cotton. This product is produced predominantly in the rural economy , the basic economy of 236 municipalities in 12 national departments. An estimated 70,000 farm units cultivate sugarcane for mills, which generate more than 25 million annually in wages, employing around 350,000 people, or 12% of
300-571: The border of Ceará with the states of Piauí and Pernambuco . It holds one of the largest deposits of fossils from Lower Cretaceous in Brazil and in the world. This includes the largest concentration of pterosaur remains in the world, as well as 20 different orders of fossilized insects, approximately 110 million years old. It also contains preserved fossils of the earliest flowering plants, which demonstrate primitive interactions between insects and plants. Since September 2006, it has been integrated into
320-594: The economically active rural population, making it the second-largest employer after agricultural coffee production. Worldwide, the Colombians are the largest consumers of sugarcane, at more than 34.2 kg (75 lb) per capita. To the extent it is a low-cost sweetener with important contributions of minerals and trace amounts of vitamins, high intake occurs mainly in strata. Panela consumption represents 2.18% of expenditures on food and in some areas accounts for up to 9% of food expenditures in low-income sectors. Panela
340-520: The south of the state of Ceará. It is bordered by the municipalities of Crato , Juazeiro do Norte , Porteiras , Jardim , and Missão Velha . In the Portuguese colonial period the larger region of southern Ceará belonged to Francisco Magalhães Barreto (1816-1887), a sugarcane landowner. The small settlement of Barbalha was elevated to parish ( freguesia ) status by Provincial Law No. 91 of August 30, 1838. On August 7, 1846, by Provincial Law no. 374, it
360-456: Was built during the great drought of 1877. Construction of the building was approved to create work for unemployed farmers. The square at the town hall is the location of Festa do Pau-da-Bandeira de Santo Antonio. The building, according to town residents, was renovated at the beginning of the 1930s. The town hall became a protected structure of the State of Ceará on March 3, 1995. Barbalha experiences
380-400: Was originally created as an easier way to transport sugar. It is used to make chancaca . In Peru, chancaca is used in typical food such as champús , picarones , calabaza al horno , and mazamorra cochina . In Costa Rica , it is used in preparations such as tapa de dulce and agua de sapo . In Chile, it is used for sweet sopaipillas . A very common use of panela in Colombia
400-571: Was raised to village status and a judiciary seat was created there. Barbalha was then detached from the municipality of Crato. Barbalha was elevated to municipality status by Provincial Law no. 9740 on August 30, 1876. Barbalha is associated with significant events of history in Ceará in the 19th century. Residents of the town participated in the Pernambucan Revolt of 1817 and in the Confederation of
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