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33-400: After attending polytechnic school for mathematics, he became a decorator, a designer, and then a master glass maker in the mid-1920s (first recorded exhibition PARIS 1927 included piece "Fruit & Foliage"). His work is known for its clean lines, which are elegant and singularly strong. He exhibited his own glass in a luxurious store located at 2 Avenue Victor-Emmanuel III, at the roundabout of

66-497: A motor mascot or car mascot , is a specially crafted model that symbolizes a car company, like a badge , located on the front center portion of the hood . It has been used as an adornment nearly since the inception of automobiles . According to the author of A History of Cars written for youth, the first "hood ornament" was a sun-crested falcon (to bring good luck) mounted on the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun 's chariot. In

99-595: A calculated modernism in contrast to influences derived from animals, plants and flowers which featured in the work of contemporaries such as René Lalique , Pierre D'Avesn and Marius-Ernest Sabino at the time. Hunebelle chose to focus on geometric forms, using technique and his scientific background to enhance light emission as much as possible. Surface contrasts, volume intersections, polished-non polished effects, geometry, light and poetry of line feature prominently in his work. Hunebelle employed both mold-blown and pressed-molded techniques in producing his pieces. Hunebelle

132-493: A hood ornament or a name on the bumper." Along with the grille , the hood ornament is often a distinctive styling element, and many marques use it as their primary brand identifier. Examples of hood ornaments include: Additionally, many models in all price and market segments, such as Buick Regal , Chevrolet Impala , Jeep Grand Wagoneer (SJ) , and Chrysler Cordoba , featured unique emblems and accompanying distinctive standup hood ornaments. While "originally designed for

165-466: A journalist character mixing with crime. All three had the titles beginning with the letter "M" in honour of author Pierre Benoît whose heroines all began with the letter "A". The films were written by Michel Audiard , a crime novelist. In 1960 Hunebelle teamed up with Jean Marais to make several successful swashbucklers . Following the highly successful French release of Dr No in 1963, Marais thought of adapting Jean Bruce 's spy hero OSS 117 in

198-544: A more elaborate maker's mark imprinted on some glass pieces which had the word FRANCE encircled by the words MADE IN FRANCE MODELLE DEPOSE et R COGNEVILLE and with A. HUNEBELLE underneath (reflects mid 1930s partnership with COGNEVILLE). In a short essay, he defined his stylistic aims as a glassmaker, explaining that he wanted to be "an adept of an abstract art where the geometric exactness, the poetry of line, and transparency are combined." He also patented techniques for producing exact mouldings of items. His glasswork displays

231-620: A new shop at Place Vendôme which exhibited not only jewellery, but glass works as well. It was close to the shop of renowned perfumer François Coty ; in 1907, Lalique began producing ornate perfume bottles for Coty. The production of glass objects began at his country villa in 1902, and continued there until at least 1912. The first Lalique glassworks opened in 1909 in a rented facility in Combs-la-Ville , which Lalique later purchased in 1913. In December 1912, Lalique hosted an exhibition of Lalique Glass—as his glass would come to be known—at

264-450: A purpose," the hood ornament became "transformed into elaborate decorations or symbols." As a result, the radiator cap was changed into an art form and became a way of individualizing the car, "representing a company's vision of the automobile", or "speaking volumes about the owner" of the vehicle. Another design objective developed for the hood ornament "reflected an idea of motion and speed and grace." There are legal issues in protecting

297-549: A series of films starring himself; however, Hunebelle selected the American actor Kerwin Mathews . At the same time as his OSS 117 films, Hunebelle and Marais made a trilogy of Fantômas films. Lalique Lalique is a French luxury glassmaker , founded by renowned glassmaker and jeweller René Lalique in 1888. Lalique is best known for producing glass art , including perfume bottles , vases , and hood ornaments during

330-402: Is best known for the production of artistic glass works and fragrances such as Lalique Encre Noire, primarily using crystal (lead glass) since the mid-twentieth century. The addition of perfumes (in 1992) and non-glass decorative items and art (since 2011) are recent additions to Lalique's product line. Reproductions of designs by René Lalique have increased since 2009. From its founding until

363-906: The SS Paris , the SS Ile de France , the SS Normandie , Orient Express railroad cars, Peace Hotel (Shanghai), Oviatt Building (Los Angeles), and St Matthew's Church ( Jersey ). The company's sole production facility is the Cristallerie Lalique in Wingen-sur-Moder . It was opened in 1921 as the Verrerie d'Alsace (Alsace Glassworks) and given its present name in 1962. Hood ornament A hood ornament (or bonnet ornament or bonnet mascot in Commonwealth English ), also called

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396-470: The "Flying Lady" hood ornament which became a marketing coup for Nash and the 1950 "Airflyte" models in the Ambassador and Statesman cars. Nash had four different versions of this iconic ornament on its vehicles for ten years before designing non-anthropomorphic hood decorations. Teague brought back a hood ornament for the top-of-the-line AMC Ambassador cars because of the "good feeling" they provide to

429-730: The 1900s–1910s, Lalique was one of France's foremost Art Nouveau jewellery designers. Famous for designs combining precious stones and metals with non precious materials such as horn, glass amd enamel. In the first two decades of the twentieth century, Lalique transitioned into one of the world's most renowned makers of artistic glass objects. During the first half of the twentieth century, Lalique produced perfume bottles, vases (about 300 designs), hood ornaments (30 designs), and decorative glass works, such as inkwells, bookends, and paperweights. Sometimes collaborating with his daughter Suzanne Lalique , Lalique also designed several interiors, incorporating copious amounts of glass, including interiors for:

462-466: The 1986 Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) . In the European Union , since 1974, all new cars have had to conform to a European directive on vehicle exterior projections. Rolls-Royce's mascot is now mounted on a spring-loaded mechanism designed to retract instantly into the radiator shell if struck with a force greater than 98 newtons (22 pounds-force). This same mechanism also lowers the ornament out of view when

495-564: The Champs Èlysées in Paris. Etienne Franckhauser, who also made molds for Lalique and Sabino, made the molds for Hunebelle's glass which was fabricated by the crystal factory in Choisy-le-Roi, France. Hunebelle's store ceased all activity in 1938 prior to World War II. Hunebelle pieces are marked in several ways. The most common is A.HUNEBELLE-FRANCE in molded capitals either within the glass design or on

528-519: The Place Vendôme shop. During the First World War , the glassworks produced mundane items in support of the war effort. In 1919, work began on a new production facility in Wingen-sur-Moder , which opened in 1921. From 1925 to 1931, Lalique produced 29 models of hood ornaments ; a mermaid statuette first produced in 1920 was also later sold as a hood ornament. During the 1920s and 1930s, Lalique

561-521: The U.S. The latter two had their products made in Czechoslovakia. Like Louis Lejeune Ltd. , the Lalique Company is one of the few survivors from this era of motoring. Some hood ornaments are attractive for more than the car's owners such as the red-white-and-blue golden lion crests that were on the hoods of 1950 Fords that children took to decorate their hats, belts, or bicycles. The company solved

594-426: The base. Other pieces are marked simply A.HUNEBELLE. There was also a paper label with A and H superimposed in a stylized manner. Since paper labels are frequently lost, many pieces may appear completely unmarked. In the author's collection there are pieces marked A.HUNEBELLE both with and without the word FRANCE, and a bowl marked MADE IN FRANCE that is identical to one shown in a Hunebelle catalogue. Hunebelle also used

627-703: The car is turned off, protecting it from damage or theft while the car is parked up. Other hood ornaments were designed with a spring mount to fold on impact. For aftermarket ornaments, breakaway nylon fixings are available that comply with EC Directive 74/483. The ornaments have been moved down from the hood to the grille. They are now viewed as overwrought and detrimental to aerodynamics. Many automakers wanted their emblems displayed on their vehicles' hoods. Boyce Motormeter accommodated them with corporate logos or mascots, as well as numerous organizations that wanted custom cap emblems to identify their members. The company had over 300 such customers at one time during

660-655: The designs of hood ornaments. Less expensive than patenting the design, protection by copyright may be possible "only if, and only to the extent that, such design incorporates pictorial, graphic, or sculptural features that can be identified separately from, and capable of existing independently of, the utilitarian aspects of the article." Thus, the Rolls Royce ornament could be used as a separate sculpture while most other distinctive hood ornament forms would not be considered free-standing items. Hood ornaments are usually cast in brass , zinc , or bronze and chrome plated . During

693-458: The driver because many early engines did not have water pumps, but a circulation system based on the "thermo-syphon" principle as in the Ford Model T . The "exposed radiator cap became a focal point for automobile personalization." Hood ornaments were popular in the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s, with many automakers fitting them to their vehicles. They also serve to differentiate cars and

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726-407: The early twentieth century. Following the death of René, Lalique transitioned to producing lead glass (crystal) works during the 1950s while under the direction of René's son, Marc Lalique. In 2010, Lalique was purchased by a Swiss company named Art & Fragrance SA, now known as Lalique Group SA. René Lalique (1860–1945) began his career as a jewellery apprentice at the age of 16, and by 1881 he

759-443: The early years, automobiles had their radiator caps outside the hood and on top of the grille , which also served as an indicator of the temperature of the engine's coolant fluid. The Boyce MotoMeter Company was issued a patent in 1912 for a radiator cap that incorporated a thermometer that was visible to the driver with a sensor that measured the heat of the water vapor, rather than the water itself. This became useful gauge for

792-509: The hood may increase the risk of injury to pedestrians during a collision . Regulations introduced in the United States for the 1968 model year vehicles meant the disappearance of fixed stand-up hood ornaments, as well as spinner wheel protrusions. Later versions featured flexibly mounted ( spring -loaded) stand-up hood ornaments designed to fold without breaking on impact, such as on the 1973 Ford Thunderbird , 1974 AMC Ambassador, and on

825-505: The mid-1920s, for car, truck, tractor, boat, airplane, and motorcycle manufacturers, and in 1927, had 1,800 employees in six countries: U.S., England, Canada, Australia, France, and Germany. The hundreds of motor vehicle manufacturers before 1929 meant many customers for their customized emblems. Brand identification remains essential "as firms try to distinguish their company's cookie-cutter SUV, sedan or pick-up truck from another company's cookie-cutter SUV, sedan, or pick-up truck merely with

858-418: The ornaments were inspired by animals, mythological figures, and the automakers' logos. A common element on every Rolls-Royce since 1911 is the "Spirit of Ecstacy" on the hood that serves as a type of "calling card" and denotes the message of luxury. During the 1920s, advertisements for Mercedes-Benz emphasized their "star" hood ornament as representing the "world-famous product of the oldest automobile works in

891-413: The owners "or at least a reminder of the money spent on the car." Others in the auto industry, such as Dick Macadam, a chief stylist at Chrysler hold the view that hood ornaments provide an aiming point for centering, "possibly making for easier and safer car handling." Restrictions to fitting ornaments on the front of vehicles have been introduced in some jurisdictions. Projecting decorative designs on

924-1042: The world" and as the ultimate symbol of luxury. A market developed supplying accessories to those who wanted to add an ornament or car mascot to their automobile. These were a way to express the owner's love of their car or customizing to express individuality. Most of these companies went out of business, with only Louis Lejeune Ltd. in England surviving. Sculptors like Bazin, Paillet, Sykes, Renevey, and Lejeune created detailed miniature sculptures , like figurines . Hood ornaments were viewed as "objets d'art" according to Richard Teague , who served as styling vice president at American Motors Corporation (AMC). A sculptor described some hood ornaments as “certainly some kind of sex symbol—a symbol of virility." There were Art Deco stylized women’s forms serving as hood ornaments. After World War II, Nash Motors commissioned George Petty to design hood ornaments featuring female figures without clothing for their cars. Petty used his daughter to make

957-702: The years when chrome plating was unavailable, silver or nickel was substituted. Some also incorporated other materials, like plastic, bakelite, or colored glass. The 1950 Ford Custom DeLuxe hood ornament was molded in Plexiglas . Others contained a light bulb for illumination at night. Pontiac featured a lighted Indian-head hood ornament through 1955, after which it was replaced by the flying V design. The best-known glass mascots were made by René Lalique in France. Other sellers or producers of glass mascots include Sabino in France, Red Ashay in England, and Persons Majestic in

990-504: Was a freelance designer for many of the best-known Parisian jewellers. In 1885, he opened his own workshop on Place Gaillon in Paris, the former workshop of Jules Destape. In 1887, Lalique opened a business on Rue du Quatre-Septembre, and registered the "RL" mark the following year. In 1890, he opened a shop in the Opera District of Paris. Within a decade, Lalique was amongst the best-known Parisian jewellers. In 1905, Lalique opened

1023-467: Was a publisher of a French newspaper called La Fleché . During World War II, he had no job until a friend Marcel Achard found him work in films for Production Artistique Cinématographique (P.A.C.) where he acted as an art director and later began producing films beginning with Leçon de conduite (1946). He directed his first film Métier de fous in 1948. His next three films were a film series of French film noir featuring Raymond Rouleau as

André Hunebelle - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-425: Was amongst the world's most renowned glassmakers. René Lalique died in 1945. His son Marc Lalique took over the business, operating initially as "M.Lalique" and later as "Cristal Lalique". Under Marc's leadership, the company transitioned from producing its famous Lalique Glass to producing lead glass , commonly known as crystal . Marie-Claude Lalique took control of the company following Marc's death in 1977. It

1089-487: Was sold to Pochet in 1994 and to a partnership of Art & Fragrance and the holding company Financière Saint-Germain in 2008. Since 2010, Cristal Lalique has been wholly owned by Art & Fragrance, who rebranded in 2016 as Lalique Group. The company is ultimately owned by Silvio Denz , an entrepreneur and Swiss national. Today, Lalique produces an array of luxury products in five main categories: jewellery, decorative items, interior design, perfumes, and art. The company

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