51-922: Andrew Bovell (born 1962) is an Australian writer for theatre, film and television. Bovell was born on 23 November 1962 in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and completed his secondary school education in Perth . He graduated from the University of Western Australia with a BA and followed that with a Diploma in Dramatic Arts at the Victorian College of Arts , in Melbourne . His AWGIE award-winning play, Speaking in Tongues ,(1996) has been seen throughout Australia as well as in Europe and
102-605: A "wild west", notorious for its bandits and prostitutes. This rapid increase in population and claims of neglect by the state government in Perth led to the proposition of the new state of Auralia , but with the sudden diaspora after the Gold Rush, these plans fell through. Places, famous or infamous, for which Kalgoorlie is noted include its water pipeline , designed by C. Y. O'Connor and bringing in fresh water from Mundaring Weir near Perth, its Hay Street brothels, its two-up school,
153-477: A cool change from the south, and occasionally with a thunderstorm. By contrast, winters are cool, with July average maximum and minimum temperatures being 16.5 °C (61.7 °F) and 4.8 °C (40.6 °F), respectively. Cold, wet days with a maximum below 12.0 °C (53.6 °F) occur about once every winter. The lowest maximum temperature recorded is 7.2 °C (45.0 °F), on 19 July 1961. Overnight temperatures fall below freezing about four times in
204-726: A dynamic and diverse cultural scene. Kalgoorlie–Boulder has many arts organisations and practising artists. Kalgoorlie–Boulder's location, being roughly 600 km from Perth, enjoys high levels of participation in Australian rules football (the Goldfields Football League ), netball , basketball, rugby league , soccer , field hockey , and cricket . Other popular sports in Kalgoorlie include tennis, lawn bowls , roller derby , rugby union , and swimming. Kalgoorlie also has an international squash tournament held every year at
255-474: A fee in return. Kalgoorlie has historical hotels still in operation: Many hotels have been put to private use, including: Hotels that have disappeared from the city include: The Kalgoorlie–Boulder metropolitan area consists of the following suburbs: Known as the home of the Super Pit, it is one of Kalgoorlie–Boulder's historical suburbs featuring many buildings and landmarks dating as far back as 1882. It
306-462: A medical practice, a hotel, tavern and a non-maintained 18-hole golf course. Much smaller today than it originally was before the Super Pit expansion, Mullingar is located at the far east end of Lamington, between the northern Goldfields railway and Goldfields Highway. Coolgardie, Western Australia Coolgardie is a small town in Western Australia , 558 kilometres (347 mi) east of
357-490: A proposal for a new alternative route, out of the suburb onto the Kalgoorlie Bypass, to avoid traffic problems on the already heavily used Graeme Street which is a direct route to the city centre. Other developments include 'Karkurla Rise' and 'Karkurla View' which have added an additional 400 homes to the area. The central business district. Hannan Street, named after Paddy Hannan, is Kalgoorlie's main street and stretches
408-586: A relatively young and transient population. Similar to the other structures, simple mud and tin-roofed mosques were initially constructed in the town. All of the Afghan Muslim population eventually relocated from Coolgardie generally to Perth, the new capital of Western Australia. Racism was very common towards the Afghan cameleers. There were reports of unsolved murders, and torture of Afghan-owned animals. Great Eastern Highway ( National Highway 94 ) runs through
459-506: A slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013. Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wangkatja people. Languages including Wangkatja, part of the Wati language family, continue to be spoken there today. In the winter of 1893, prospectors Patrick (Paddy) Hannan , Tom Flanagan , and Dan Shea were travelling to Mount Youle, when one of their horses cast a shoe. During
510-595: A thriving sex industry, with parts of Hay Street once being considered Kalgoorlie's red-light district . Originally, brothels were only allowed to operate in Hay Street. While there were once a number of brothels in Kalgoorlie, this has since decreased. Prostitutes from all over the world moved to Kalgoorlie for employment in the town's sex work industry. Today, only one brothel remains in Kalgoorlie: Questa Casa ( Italian for "This House"; locally known as
561-535: A typical winter. Such events occur on clear nights following a day of cold southerly winds. Weather Atlas (sun hours) Kalgoorlie–Boulder is a regional centre and has a Chamber of Commerce and a Chamber of Minerals and Energy. Since 1992, Kalgoorlie has been home to the Diggers & Dealers conference, held annually in August. It is Australia's premier international mining conference. The Fimiston Open Pit (Super Pit)
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#1732885035935612-443: A week. The mine blasts at 1:00 pm every day, unless winds would carry dust over the town. Each of the massive trucks carries 225 tonnes of rock and the round trip takes about 35 minutes, most of that time being the slow uphill haul. Employees must live in Kalgoorlie; there's no fly-in, fly-out operation. The current life of mine plan covers operation until 2035, with investigations for mine extension ongoing. Kalgoorlie once had
663-461: Is 260 mm (10 in) on an average of 68 days and, while the average rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, there is considerable variation from year to year. January is the hottest month, with an average maximum temperature of 33.6 °C (92.5 °F), but temperatures above 40.0 °C (104.0 °F) occur nearly once a week when hot, dry, north to northeasterly winds arrive. Such high temperatures are usually followed by
714-461: Is an open-cut gold mine about 3.6 km (2.2 mi) long, 1.6 km (1.0 mi) wide, and over 600 m (1,969 ft) deep. Originally consisting of a large number of underground mines , including the Paringa, Oroya, Brown Hill, Chaffers, and Hainault mines, they were consolidated into a single open pit mine in 1989. A visitor centre overlooks the mine, which operates 24 hours a day, 7 days
765-416: Is now a luxury desert golf course and club. Alongside the golf course project has been the development and release of Greenview estate. It lies on the western border of Hannans. This ongoing project has been designed as an environmentally friendly estate, and will eventually consist of over 2000 homes, apartments and facilities such as parks and schools. As one of Kalgoorlie's highest growth areas there has been
816-498: The London Stock Exchange . The town also supported a wide variety of businesses and services, including the railway connection between Perth and Kalgoorlie, a swimming pool (first public baths in the state), many hotels and several newspapers. The value of Coolgardie to the colony in the late 1890s was so very significant that it was used as leverage to force Western Australia to join the Australian federation . Britain and
867-750: The Town of Kalgoorlie and Shire of Boulder formally amalgamated to create the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder, adjoining the two towns into what is now the fifth most populous city in Western Australia. On 20 April 2010, Kalgoorlie was shaken by an earthquake that reached 5.0 on the Richter scale . The epicentre was 30 km north east of the town. The quake caused damage to a number of commercial hotels and historic buildings along Burt Street in Boulder. The entire Burt St. precinct
918-749: The silky pears ". The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes . It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields . Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail . The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years. During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,068,
969-712: The "Pink House"). Questa Casa claims to be Australia's oldest operating brothel, having begun operations in 1904. Questa Casa now only employs two sex workers , but also serves as an adult tourist attraction. The demise of the red light district has largely been attributed to the rescinding of the Containment Policy in 1994. The Containment Policy was an informal policy that restricted all sex work in Kalgoorlie to one street: Hay Street. Nevertheless, "skimpy barmaids" (female bartenders who wear sexually provocative clothing, usually flying into Kalgoorlie from elsewhere) are known to occasionally sell sex. Kalgoorlie–Boulder has
1020-611: The Coolgardie gold rush occurred in 1894, the Afghan cameleers (so-called, although some of them did not originate in Afghanistan) were quick to move in. The goldfields could not have continued without the food and water they transported. In March that year, a caravan of six Afghans, forty-seven camels and eleven calves, set out across the desert from Marree to the goldfield. It arrived in July with
1071-570: The Super Pit – is the centre of the area's social life. Of particular interest is the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Racecourse, a horse racing venue. Two grass sports ovals and a cinema showing recent international releases are in the area. Well known in the area are the Kalgoorlie, Geraldton, Perth, and Albany skimpy barmaids, mostly flown in, employed by pubs like Exchange Hotel , who walk around "scantily clad" in bikini, lingerie or burlesque outfits to attract punters and who expect
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#17328850359351122-505: The US and Bovell adapted it for the screen as Lantana (2001). Both the play and screenplay have been published by Currency Press along with After Dinner (1988), Holy Day (2001), Scenes from a Separation (written with Hannie Rayson ) (1995) and Who's Afraid of the Working Class? (1998), written with Patricia Cornelius, Melissa Reeves, Christos Tsiolkas and Irene Vela. Who's Afraid of
1173-622: The Working Class? was adapted to film as Blessed . When the Rain Stops Falling (2008) won awards in the 2008 Victorian Premier's Literary Awards , the 2008 Queensland Premier's Literary Awards ,, and the New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards . In 2010, a production of When the Rain Stops Falling opened in New York. The New York Times reviewed the play describing it as "a fitfully moving but diagrammatic play about
1224-672: The YMCA. In a statewide sense, the semiprofessional Goldfields Giants basketball team competes in the State Basketball League , and were league champions in 2007 and 2008. The Goldfields Titans play in the Western Australia Rugby League Harvey Norman Premiership state rugby league competition. Home games are at the Oasis playing fields on Saturday afternoons. Horse racing is also very popular in
1275-613: The camels, carrying between 135 and 270 kilograms (298 and 595 lb) each, in good condition. Another fifty-eight camels for Coolgardie arrived by ship in Albany in September. By 1898 there were 300 members of the Muslim community in Coolgardie and 80 on average attended Friday prayer. Coolgardie held the main Muslim community in the colony at that time. There was not one Muslim woman amongst them, no marriages were performed and no burials, reflecting
1326-404: The city, and Kalgoorlie–Boulder is home to the internationally recognised annual "Race Round". Every year the annual Kalgoorlie Desert Race is held. It is a gruelling off-road race. Given the wealth of its yesteryear, Kalgoorlie features many elaborate heritage buildings that have been retained. Kalgoorlie–Boulder – the largest settlement for many hundreds of kilometres, with many employees at
1377-435: The east coast, but these had mostly been exhausted by the 1890s. With the discovery of a new goldfield, an entire new gold rush began, with thousands flocking to the area. The Municipality of Coolgardie was established in 1894. By 1898, Coolgardie was the third largest town in the colony, with an estimated population of 5,008 (3,151 men and 1,857 women). At its peak, 700 mining companies based in Coolgardie were registered with
1428-413: The eastern colonies threatened to create a new state to be named Auralia around Coolgardie and other regional goldfields, such as Kalgoorlie , if the government in Perth did not agree to hold a referendum on federation. The Western Australian government reluctantly complied and a referendum was held just in time to become a founding state in the new federation. When federation did occur in 1901, Coolgardie
1479-582: The end of the Great Eastern Highway . It is sometimes referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder , as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder . Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wangkatja group of peoples. The name "Kalgoorlie" is derived from the Wangai word Karlkurla or Kulgooluh , meaning "place of
1530-430: The ensuing gold rush, significant deposits of calaverite were discovered, but ignored as it was believed at the time that this was a mineral akin to fool's gold . The calaverite was subsequently used for construction in the town, including for buildings and paving. When it was realised in 1896 that calaverite is a compound of tellurium with actual gold, there was a rush to demolish any such structures in order to extract
1581-472: The gold therein. Nearly every structure created in the previous three years was scrapped in the process. The population of the town was 2,018 (1,516 males and 502 females) in 1898. The mining of gold, along with other metals such as nickel , has been a major industry in Kalgoorlie ever since, and today employs about one-quarter of Kalgoorlie's workforce and generates a significant proportion of its income. The concentrated area of large gold mines surrounding
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1632-651: The goldfields railway loopline, the Kalgoorlie Town Hall, the Paddy Hannan statue/drinking fountain, the Super Pit , and Mount Charlotte lookout. Its main street is Hannan Street , named after the town's founder. One of the infamous brothels also serves as a museum and is a major national attraction. Kalgoorlie and the surrounding district were served by an extensive collection of suburban railways and tramways, providing for both passenger and freight traffic. In 1989,
1683-458: The halt in their journey, the men noticed signs of gold in the area around the foot of what is now the Mount Charlotte gold mine, located on a small hill north of the current city, and decided to stay and investigate. On 17 June 1893, Hannan filed a Reward Claim, leading to hundreds of men swarming to the area in search of gold, and Kalgoorlie, originally called Hannan's Find, was born. During
1734-410: The harsh conditions, but for a few, their find made the hard work worthwhile. Most men, however, left poorer than they had started off, with their hopes dashed. Coolgardie was founded in 1892, when gold was discovered in the area known as Fly Flat by prospectors Arthur Wellesley Bayley and William Ford . Australia had seen several major gold rushes over the previous three decades, mostly centred on
1785-551: The length of the suburb. The western side of the suburb consists of housing and some light industry. The eastern side contains retail chains, banks, the police station, court house, restaurants, hotels, tourist attractions, schools, university, and a TAFE. One of Kalgoorlie's oldest suburbs. Much like other older suburbs, almost every street is parallel with Hannan Street in Central Kalgoorlie. Streets are noticeably wide. It houses North Kalgoorlie Primary School, small businesses,
1836-582: The long legacy of unnatural acts" and commenting that "the relationships eventually emerge with an emotional clarity that the play’s elliptical structure works against". Bovell's film credits include Lantana (2001) and Blessed (2009) as mentioned above. Bovell also co-wrote the screenplay for Strictly Ballroom (1992) with Baz Luhrmann and Craig Pearce and Head On (1998) with Mira Robertson and Ana Kokkinos . His other film credits include Edge of Darkness (2010) starring Mel Gibson , The Book of Revelation (2006) and Iris (2016). He wrote
1887-480: The main named railway service from Perth was the overnight sleeper train The Westland , which ran until the 1970s. In 1917, a 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge railway line was completed, connecting Kalgoorlie to Port Augusta , South Australia , across 2,000 kilometres (1,243 mi) of desert, and consequently the rest of the eastern states. The standardisation of
1938-499: The original Hannan's find is often referred to as the Golden Mile, and was sometimes referred to as the world's richest square mile of earth. In 1901, the population of Kalgoorlie was 4,793 (3,087 males and 1,706 females) which increased to 6,790 (3,904 males and 2,886 females) by 1903. The 3 ft 6 in ( 1,067 mm ) narrow-gauge Government Eastern Goldfields Railway line reached Kalgoorlie station in 1896, and
1989-567: The railway connecting Perth (which changed route from the narrow-gauge route) in 1968 completed the Sydney–Perth railway , making rail travel from Perth to Sydney possible; the Indian Pacific rail service commenced soon after. During the 1890s, the Goldfields area boomed as a whole, with an area population exceeding 200,000, composed mainly of prospectors. The area gained a reputation for being
2040-409: The state capital, Perth . It has a population of approximately 850 people. Although Coolgardie is now known to most Western Australians as a tourist town and a mining ghost town , it was once the third largest town in Western Australia (after Perth and Fremantle ). At this time, mining of alluvial gold was a major industry and supplied the flagging economy with new hope. Many miners suffered under
2091-401: The street and common pathways linking homes. The area has been plagued by antisocial problems. In 2003, a significant urban renewal project was commenced, including the renaming of the suburb to Golden Grove and re-aligning of homes. The project has seen some success but has yet to fully eliminate antisocial problems within the area. See Broadwood. Located in Kalgoorlie's far north. Hannans
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2142-551: The thriller film A Most Wanted Man , directed by Anton Corbijn , based on the novel A Most Wanted Man by John le Carré . Bovell was on the jury for the Feature Fiction and Documentary awards at the 2020 Adelaide Film Festival . Kalgoorlie, Western Australia Kalgoorlie is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia , located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at
2193-608: The town as Bayley Street. Just to the town's east, Highway 94 turns south onto Coolgardie-Esperance Highway , which heads towards Norseman , the starting point of the route east across the Nullarbor Plain . Originally the narrow gauge railway to Kalgoorlie, the Eastern Goldfields Railway passed through Coolgardie, until 1968, when the new standard gauge line was built to the north on a new route. The Transwa Prospector train stops 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) north of
2244-429: The town at Bonnie Vale . There is a very limited public bus service to the town on the Kalgoorlie to Perth route, although school bus services are more frequent. In the 1890s four goldfields were gazetted with Coolgardie as reference point: Despite the changes to the Kalgoorlie region, Coolgardie still has a Mining Registrar. The Denver City Hotel was the setting for the 2016 documentary Hotel Coolgardie while
2295-493: The town was in serious decline. The federal electorate was abolished in 1913 due to the diminished population, as many of its residents left for other towns where the gold was still plentiful, and it soon ceased to be a municipality. The situation remained unchanged throughout the century, as its population slipped to around 200 and it became a virtual ghost town . An example of this decline is that, in March 1896, Coolgardie's main street
2346-621: Was evacuated until 23 April. Work in the Superpit and many other mines around Kalgoorlie was stopped. Two people suffered minor injuries as a result of the quake. According to the 2016 census , there were 29,873 people in the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Significant Urban Area: Kalgoorlie has a hot semi-arid climate ( BSh ) bordering both a hot desert climate ( BWh ) and a cool semi-arid climate ( BSk ) with hot summers and mild winters. The average annual rainfall
2397-449: Was lit by an electric light, but by April 1924, the same street was lit by four hurricane lamps . Despite this, many of the buildings from the town's peak were retained, which in recent years has helped start a small revival in the town's fortunes. The development of a tourist industry has once again created some employment in the town, resulting in a small increase in population. Coolgardie appears to be no longer in danger of dying. When
2448-541: Was once the central business district for the Town of Boulder, but since amalgamation with Kalgoorlie, it is now more of a historical local centre. Boulder has its own post office, town hall and many hotels along its main thoroughfare, Burt Street. A significant refurbishment has been commenced as part of the 'Royalties for Regions' initiative. A new housing suburb located next to the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Airport , which
2499-568: Was recently expanded. This area derives its name from the golf course that once occupied the area. It was released to provide affordable property to a growing population in Kalgoorlie–Boulder. Fairways features a private primary school, church, caravan park and small business. Adeline was originally constructed around 1970 by the State Housing Commission. The suburb was built on the " Radburn concept ", with houses facing away from
2550-501: Was the centre of a federal electorate, the Division of Coolgardie . Soon after in November 1901, Alf Morgans from the state electorate of Coolgardie briefly became Premier of Western Australia . Albert Thomas, also of Coolgardie, was elected the first Member of Dundas, an electoral division south of Coolgardie. However, the gold began to decrease in the early 1900s, and by World War I ,
2601-431: Was the first suburb to have its own independent shopping centre ("Hannans Boulevard") which includes a IGA SuperMarket (formally Coles supermarket). The area also has a primary school and an 18-hole golf course. The original course was not formally grassed but was recently refurbished. Several surrounding golf clubs joined together to form one club known as 'The Goldfields Golf Club'. A dam has been constructed to service what
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