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80-535: With the death of the editor William Alexander Newman Dorland , AM, MD in 1956, the dictionaries were retitled to incorporate his name, which was how they had generally come to be known. The illustrated dictionary had grown to 2144 pages for the 33rd edition. The dictionaries were historically published by Saunders . In addition to the Saunders titles in English, there have also been numerous translated co-editions around

160-423: A Streisand effect , as such incidents cause many to put themselves on the waiting list to borrow the novel, where there was no waiting list before. Several shootings have been associated with Salinger's novel, including Robert John Bardo 's murder of Rebecca Schaeffer and John Hinckley Jr. 's assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan . Additionally, after fatally shooting John Lennon , Mark David Chapman

240-543: A "bon à tirer" print and then one unique copy designated as a "one-off" or "1/1" or "one/off". Many commercially successful books have been republished, either by their original or other imprints. For this reason if a popular book is searched for in a large bookseller such as Amazon.com or a large library catalog such as WorldCat, often an array of different copyright years, publishers, editions, formats (hardcover, softcover, trade, and mass market), and so forth are observed. Because no universal authority or convention determines

320-530: A "marvelous book," listing it among the books that inspired him. In June 2009, the BBC 's Finlo Rohrer wrote that, 58 years since publication, the book is still regarded "as the defining work on what it is like to be a teenager." Adam Gopnik considers it one of the "three perfect books" in American literature, along with Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Great Gatsby , and believes that "no book has ever captured

400-402: A "revised edition" and a "new edition" is subjective. This is analogous to the way that software publishers may denominate an iteration "version 3.7" and the subsequent updated iteration "version 4" instead of "version 3.8". The subjective judgment of the degree of the significance of the change made with the new iteration or the perceived marketing advantage of designating the new iteration as

480-447: A "revised edition" or the "(N)th edition, revised" when the previous iteration has been editorially revised or updated yet the author or publisher does not want to denominate it the "(N+1)th edition" ("N" being the number of the previous edition) for some subjective reason. Conversely, a new iteration of a work that is not substantially different may be denominated a "new edition" or the "(N+1)th edition". The qualitative difference between

560-471: A book (or equivalent versions of an edition, for example, translated versions), simultaneously or near-simultaneously, usually in different countries. English and American editions may differ in spelling , and they sometimes have different titles . Some examples: The motivation for co-editions has often been to use the existing distribution systems of the different publishers in each country rather than establishing new distribution systems. Advancing IT and

640-428: A book. These books have different covers, the title page and copyright page may differ, and the page margin sizes may differ (same type area , smaller trim ), but to a bibliographer they are the same edition. From time to time, readers may observe an error in the text (or, in the days of metal type, a piece of broken type), and report these to the publisher. The publisher typically keeps these "reprint corrections" in

720-479: A city better than Catcher in the Rye captured New York in the fifties." In an appraisal of The Catcher in the Rye written after the death of J. D. Salinger, Jeff Pruchnic says the novel has retained its appeal for many generations. Pruchnic describes Holden as a "teenage protagonist frozen midcentury but destined to be discovered by those of a similar age in every generation to come." Bill Gates said that The Catcher in

800-505: A fantasy (based on a mishearing of Robert Burns 's Comin' Through the Rye ), in which he imagines himself saving children running through a field of rye by catching them before they fall off a nearby cliff. Phoebe points out that the actual poem says, "when a body meet a body, comin' through the rye." Holden breaks down in tears, and his sister tries to console him. As his parents return home, he slips out and visits his former English teacher, Mr. Antolini, who expresses concern that Holden

880-408: A file pending demand for a new print run of the edition, and before the new run is printed, they will be entered. The method of entry depends on the method of typesetting. For letterpress metal , it typically meant resetting a few characters or a line or two. For linotype , it meant casting a new line for any line with a change in it. With film, it involved cutting out a bit of the film and inserting

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960-451: A new bit. In an electronic file, it means entering the changes digitally. Such minor changes do not constitute a new edition, but introduce typographical variations within an edition, which are of interest to collectors. A common complaint of book collectors is that the bibliographer's definition is used in a book-collecting context. For example, J. D. Salinger 's The Catcher in the Rye as of 2016 remains in print in hardcover. The type

1040-415: A new edition, which may be denominated a "revised and updated edition". However, as with the denomination of "revised edition", the use of "revised and updated edition" manifests only the subjective choice of the publisher, which may be different from the publisher of a previous "revised edition" of the same work. The basic definition of a co-edition is when two publishing houses publish the same edition of

1120-416: A print has been made in addition to the numbered prints of an edition. Artist's proofs are marked "A. P." or "P/A", sometimes E. A. or E. d'A. (épreuve d'artiste); monoprints and uniquely hand-altered prints are marked "unique"; prints that are given to someone or are for some reason unsuitable for sale are marked "H. C." or "H/C", meaning "hors de commerce", not for sale. These are usually prints reserved for

1200-412: A specific number determines how the new iteration is numbered. Therefore, the designation "revised edition" does not designate any quality or quantity of revision with certainty. When a non-fiction book is first published it sometimes instigates more research on its subject. The author may determine that new information justifies the revision of the book. A new iteration of the book would be published as

1280-434: A wide variety of topics as he narrates his recent life events. The Catcher in the Rye has been translated widely. About one million copies are sold each year, with total sales of more than 65 million books. The novel was included on Time ' s 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923, and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of

1360-422: Is a diarist. This "catcher in the rye" is an analogy for Holden, who admires in children attributes that he often struggles to find in adults, like innocence, kindness, spontaneity, and generosity. Falling off the cliff could be a progression into the adult world that surrounds him and that he strongly criticizes. Later, Phoebe and Holden exchange roles as the "catcher" and the "fallen"; he gives her his hunting hat,

1440-413: Is a new setting and with cheaper paper and binding. Any photographic illustrations in the original are either absent or reduced in number. Book club editions are sold to members at a good discount compared with the original issue price. After a book has exhausted the market at the high original price a publisher may issue a cheap edition themselves or sell the rights on to another publisher who will produce

1520-409: Is a scholarly publication, containing commentary, critique, and sometimes a full developmental history of the work from all available sources. Because of the variation in quality, lower-numbered prints in an edition are sometimes favored as superior, especially with older works where the image was struck until the plate wore out. However the numbering of impressions in fact may well not equate at all to

1600-429: Is all copies of a book printed from substantially the same setting of type , including all minor typographical variants. According to the definition of edition above, a book printed today, by the same publisher , and from the same type as when it was first published, is still the first edition of that book to a bibliographer . However, book collectors generally use the term first edition to mean specifically

1680-420: Is headed for "a terrible fall". Mr. Antolini advises him to begin applying himself and provides him with a place to sleep. Holden awakens to find Mr. Antolini patting his head, which he interprets as a sexual advance. He leaves and spends the rest of the night in a train-waiting room at Grand Central Terminal , sinking deeper into despair. In the morning, having lost hope of ever finding meaningful connection in

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1760-474: Is heading out on a date. He is distressed when he learns that Stradlater's date is Jane Gallagher, with whom Holden has been infatuated. When Stradlater returns, hours later, he fails to appreciate the deeply personal composition Holden has written for him about the baseball glove of Holden's late brother, Allie, who died from leukemia years earlier, and refuses to say whether he had sex with Jane. Enraged, Holden punches and insults him, but Stradlater easily wins

1840-404: Is just a phase." While Brooks maintained that Holden acts his age, Menand claimed that Holden thinks as an adult, given his ability to accurately perceive people and their motives. Others highlight the dilemma of Holden's state, in between adolescence and adulthood. Holden is quick to become emotional. "I felt sorry as hell for..." is a phrase he often uses. It is often said that Holden changes at

1920-412: Is normally hand signed and numbered by the artist, typically in pencil, in the form (e.g.): 14/100. The first number is the number of the print itself. The second number is the number of overall prints the artist will print of that image. The lower the second number is, the more valuable and collectible the limited editions are likely to be, within whatever their price range is. Other marks may indicate that

2000-517: Is rejected; and an old classmate Carl Luce, who Holden unrelentingly questions about his sex life. Holden eventually gets drunk, awkwardly flirts with several adults, calls Sally again, and runs out of money. Nostalgic to see his younger sister Phoebe, Holden sneaks into his parents' apartment while they are out and wakes her. Though happy to see him, Phoebe quickly guesses he has been expelled and chastises him for his general aimlessness and disdain. When she asks if he cares about anything, Holden shares

2080-454: Is the same as the 1951 first printing, therefore all hardcover copies are, for the bibliographer, the first edition. Collectors would use the term for the first printing only. First edition most often refers to the first commercial publication of a work between its own covers, even if it was first printed in a periodical: the complete text of Ernest Hemingway ’s The Old Man and the Sea appeared in

2160-402: Is true that these are rarer than the production copies; but given that these were not printed from a different setting of type (just the opposite; the main purpose of galleys and proofs is to double-check the typeset matter that will be used for production), they are not different editions. Publishers use "first edition" according to their own purposes, and consequently among them the designation

2240-531: Is used very inconsistently. The "first edition" of a trade book may be the first iteration of the work printed by the publisher in question or the first iteration of the work that includes a specific set of illustrations or editorial commentary. This means that a "second edition" and subsequent "third edition" will not entail a huge shift from the initial edition but simply contain updates and revisions required with time. Publishers of non-fiction, academic works, and textbooks generally distinguish between revisions of

2320-680: The Issaquah, Washington , high schools in 1978 when three members of the School Board alleged the book was part of an "overall communist plot". This ban did not last long, and the offended board members were immediately recalled and removed in a special election. In 1981, it was both the most censored book and the second most taught book in public schools in the United States. According to the American Library Association , The Catcher in

2400-419: The 1970s. A cadet edition is a cut down version of a book which is more simply written. It is intended for young readers but adults can read it too. These editions are typically library editions but the font size of the text is much larger than usual so that persons with poor eyesight (often older persons) can more easily read the book. The large print books tend to be of a uniform size. A critical edition

2480-552: The 20th century . In 2003, it was listed at number 15 on the BBC's survey " The Big Read ". Holden Caulfield recalls the events of a long weekend, shortly before the previous year's Christmas. The story begins at Pencey Preparatory Academy, a boarding school in Pennsylvania, where he has been expelled after failing all his classes, except English. Later, Holden agrees to write an English composition for his roommate, Ward Stradlater, who

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2560-476: The Jungle Publishing Company, was sent to subscribers who had advanced funds to Sinclair. The first trade edition was published by Doubleday, Page to be sold in bookstores. Many book collectors place maximum value on the earliest bound copies of a book—promotional advance copies , bound galleys, uncorrected proofs, and advance reading copies sent by publishers to book reviewers and booksellers . It

2640-411: The Rye is narrated in a subjective style from the point of view of Holden Caulfield, following his exact thought processes . There is flow in the seemingly disjointed ideas and episodes; for example, as Holden sits in a chair in his dorm, minor events, such as picking up a book or looking at a table, unfold into discussions about experiences. Critical reviews affirm that the novel accurately reflected

2720-496: The Rye is one of his favorite books, as has Aaron Sorkin . Not all reception has been positive. The book has had its share of naysayers, including the longtime Washington Post book critic Jonathan Yardley , who, in 2004, wrote that the experience of rereading the novel after several decades proved to be "a painful experience: The combination of Salinger's execrable prose and Caulfield's jejune narcissism produced effects comparable to mainlining castor oil." Yardley described

2800-457: The Rye released after his death. He wrote: "Firstly, it is possible that one day the rights will be sold. Since there's an ever-looming possibility that I won't die rich, I toy very seriously with the idea of leaving the unsold rights to my wife and daughter as a kind of insurance policy. It pleasures me no end, though, I might quickly add, to know that I won't have to see the results of the transaction." Salinger also wrote that he believed his novel

2880-467: The Rye stands out in its devastating ability to influence without explicit instruction. Early in his career, Salinger expressed a willingness to have his work adapted for the screen. In 1949, a critically panned film version of his short story " Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut " was released; renamed My Foolish Heart , the film took great liberties with Salinger's plot and is widely considered to be among

2960-545: The Rye was the 10th most frequently challenged book from 1990 to 1999. It was one of the ten most challenged books of 2005, and although it had been off the list for three years, it reappeared in the list of most challenged books of 2009. The challenges generally begin with Holden's frequent use of vulgar language; other reasons include sexual references, blasphemy , undermining of family values and moral codes, encouragement of rebellion, and promotion of drinking, smoking, lying, promiscuity , and sexual abuse. The book

3040-468: The Rye , interspersing discussions of the novel with "a series of short films that featured an actor playing J. D. Salinger's adolescent antihero, Holden Caulfield." The show defended its unlicensed adaptation of the novel by claiming to be a "literary review", and no major charges were filed. In 2008, the rights of Salinger's works were placed in the JD Salinger Literary Trust where Salinger

3120-505: The Rye . While at Columbia University , Salinger wrote a short story called "The Young Folks" in Whit Burnett 's class; one character from this story has been described as a "thinly penciled prototype of Sally Hayes". In November 1941 he sold the story " Slight Rebellion off Madison ", which featured Holden Caulfield, to The New Yorker , but it was not published until December 21, 1946, due to World War II . The story " I'm Crazy ", which

3200-465: The September 1, 1952, issue of Life , yet the generally accepted "first" edition is the hardcover book Scribner ’s published on September 8, 1952. The term "first trade edition," refers to the earliest edition of a book offered for sale to the general public in book stores. For example, Upton Sinclair 's 1906 novel The Jungle was published in two variant forms. A "Sustainers' Edition", published by

3280-455: The book and wanted to do an adaptation. After being told that J. D. Salinger would not agree to sell the film rights, Eisner stated, "Well, let's just do that kind of story, that kind of growing up, coming of age story." In 2009, the year before he died, Salinger successfully sued to stop the U.S. publication of a novel that presents Holden Caulfield as an old man. The novel's author, Fredrik Colting , commented: "call me an ignorant Swede, but

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3360-581: The book. A cheap edition typically uses a low-cost paper and is a paperback but they can be hardback. Also typically the size of the font is reduced to fit more words on a page to reduce the overall cost of the book. Naturally, for a cheap edition the author will receive a lower royalty but that may be compensated for by a greater volume of sales. During the peak of the British Empire , cheap editions of novels published in Britain would often be produced for sale in

3440-540: The carousel, where they reconcile after he buys her a ticket. The sight of her riding the carousel fills him with happiness. He alludes to encountering his parents that night and "getting sick", mentioning that he will be attending another academy in September. The novel ends with Holden stating that he is reluctant to say more because talk of school has made him miss his former classmates. Various older stories by Salinger contain characters similar to those in The Catcher in

3520-432: The catcher's symbol, and becomes the fallen as Phoebe becomes the catcher. In their biography of Salinger , David Shields and Shane Salerno argue that: " The Catcher in the Rye can best be understood as a disguised war novel ." Salinger witnessed the horrors of World War II, but rather than writing a combat novel, Salinger, according to Shields and Salerno, "took the trauma of war and embedded it within what looked to

3600-565: The city, he decides to head out West to live as a deaf-mute gas station attendant in a log cabin. He arranges to see Phoebe at lunchtime to explain his plan and say goodbye. When they meet up at the Metropolitan Museum of Art , she arrives with a suitcase and asks to go with him. Holden refuses, which upsets Phoebe. He tries to cheer her by allowing her to skip school at the Central Park Zoo , but she remains angry. They eventually reach

3680-461: The colonies before other editions of the books were sold. The rationale was that books took a long time to export to the colonies, that readership in those settlements was avid, and that books were an effective means to disseminate British values. Australia was by far the largest consumer of colonial editions. Macmillan (London) published the largest number of colonial edition titles. They began in 1843 and persisted (in terms of pricing and trade) until

3760-489: The company was absorbed into Elsevier , where the name Saunders (without the W.B. ) was used as an imprint name. The 2020 33rd edition imprint is Elsevier. Contexo Media's Dorland Healthcare Information, publisher of Dorland's Medical Directory , appears to be unrelated to Elsevier, Saunders, and the Dorland's family of medical reference works. Edition (books)#Co-edition The bibliographical definition of an edition

3840-452: The copyright page, such as: "First mass market paperback edition". The first edition of a facsimile reprint is the reprint publisher's first edition, but not the first edition of the work itself. The Independent Online Booksellers Association has A First Edition Primer that discusses several aspects of identifying first editions including publishing and specific publishers way of designating first editions. The classic explanation of edition

3920-399: The definition is often for the short-term marketing advantage of the new textbook, because, although first editions are often considered more valuable than later editions to book collectors, being a subsequent edition of a previous textbook gives the impression that the textbook denominated as a subsequent edition is more authoritative. Publishers sometimes denominate a new iteration of a work

4000-458: The early 1950s, Salinger spoke of mounting a play in which he would play the role of Holden Caulfield opposite Margaret O'Brien , and, if he couldn't play the part himself, to "forget about it." Almost 50 years later, the writer Joyce Maynard definitively concluded, "The only person who might ever have played Holden Caulfield would have been J. D. Salinger." Salinger told Maynard in the 1970s that Jerry Lewis "tried for years to get his hands on

4080-411: The end, when he watches Phoebe on the carousel, and he talks about the golden ring and how it's good for kids to try to grab it. Peter Beidler in his A Reader's Companion to J. D. Salinger's "The Catcher in the Rye" identified the movie that the prostitute "Sunny" refers to. In chapter 13 she says that in the movie a boy who looked like Holden fell off a boat, and from this detail, Beidler deduced that

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4160-487: The exact distinction between a "reprinting" and "republishing" and whether a republishing is a different "edition", the denotation of such denominations is ambiguous, at least at first glance. Since 1956, typographical arrangements of published editions are protected by copyright law. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 defines a published edition to mean a published edition of the whole or any part of one or more literary, dramatic or musical works . It thus protects

4240-449: The fight. Fed up with the "phonies" at Pencey Prep, Holden decides to catch a train to New York, planning to stay away from his home until Wednesday, when his parents will have received notification of his expulsion. Throughout the night, Holden has unpleasant encounters with a prostitute, Sunny, and her pimp, Maurice, who ends up in a physical altercation with Holden; a familiar date, Sally Hayes, who Holden invites to run away with him but

4320-424: The first print run of the first edition (aka "first edition, first impression"). Since World War II, books often include a number line ( printer's key ) that indicates the print run. A "first edition" per se is not a valuable collectible book. A popular work may be published and reprinted over time by many publishers, and in a variety of formats. There will be a first edition of each, which the publisher may cite on

4400-405: The globalization of publishing have been blurring the lines of what co-edition means. For example, anything published online is effectively published worldwide. Also, large multinational publishers now have existing distribution systems for their hardcopy books in many countries, so they don't need to partner with other companies. They may issue a book under a different imprint for each country, but

4480-451: The imprints are parts of the same parent corporation. The actual manufacturing of the books may be done in China regardless of where the copies will be sold. The term e-dition , a play on the e- for-electronic prefix , has been used by various publishers to refer to various ideas, which include: A library edition may appear to be the same as copies appearing in shops and almost certainly uses

4560-600: The movie was Captains Courageous (1937), with the boy played by child-actor Freddie Bartholomew . Each Caulfield child has literary talent. D.B. writes screenplays in Hollywood; Holden also reveres D.B. for his writing skill (Holden's own best subject), but he also despises Hollywood industry-based movies, considering them the ultimate in "phony" as the writer has no space for his own imagination and describes D.B.'s move to Hollywood to write for films as "prostituting himself"; Allie wrote poetry on his baseball glove; and Phoebe

4640-399: The naked eye like a coming-of-age novel." The Catcher in the Rye has been consistently listed as one of the best novels of the twentieth century. Shortly after its publication, in an article for The New York Times , Nash K. Burger called it "an unusually brilliant novel," while James Stern wrote an admiring review of the book in a voice imitating Holden's. George H. W. Bush called it

4720-423: The novel as among the worst popular books in the annals of American literature. "Why," Yardley asked, "do English teachers, whose responsibility is to teach good writing, repeatedly and reflexively require students to read a book as badly written as this one?" According to Rohrer, many contemporary readers, as Yardley found, "just cannot understand what the fuss is about.... many of these readers are disappointed that

4800-403: The novel fails to meet the expectations generated by the mystique it is shrouded in. J. D. Salinger has done his part to enhance this mystique. That is to say, he has done nothing." Rohrer assessed the reasons behind both the popularity and criticism of the book, saying that it "captures existential teenage angst" and has a "complex central character" and "accessible conversational style"; while at

4880-470: The novel's rights: Of course I read The Catcher in the Rye ... Wonderful book. I loved it. I pursued it. I wanted to make a picture out of it. And then one day a young man came to the office of Leland Hayward , my agent, in New York, and said, "Please tell Mr. Leland Hayward to lay off. He's very, very insensitive." And he walked out. That was the entire speech. I never saw him. That was J. D. Salinger and that

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4960-493: The part of Holden," the protagonist in the novel which Lewis had not read until he was in his thirties. Film industry figures including Marlon Brando , Jack Nicholson , Ralph Bakshi , Tobey Maguire and Leonardo DiCaprio have tried to make a film adaptation. In an interview with Premiere , John Cusack commented that his one regret about turning 21 was that he had become too old to play Holden Caulfield. Writer-director Billy Wilder recounted his abortive attempts to snare

5040-400: The plate allows, both for marketing reasons and to keep the edition comfortably within the lifespan of the plate. Specific steps may also be taken to strengthen the plate, such as electroplating intaglio images, which uses an electric process to put a very thin coat of a stronger metal onto a plate of a weaker metal. The conventions for numbering prints are well-established, a limited edition

5120-487: The publisher's investment in typesetting, as well as the processes of design and selection that are reflected in the appearance of the text. It also covers modern editions of public domain works (such as the complete works of Shakespeare), and prohibits the reproduction of the layout (but not the work itself). The Catcher in the Rye The Catcher in the Rye is a novel by American author J. D. Salinger that

5200-581: The publisher, like Artist's Proofs. The printer is also often allowed to retain some proof impressions; these are marked "P. P." Finally, a master image may be printed against which the members of the edition are compared for quality: these are marked as "bon à tirer" or "BAT" ("good to print" in French). In all, the number of the main edition can represent 50% or less of the total number of good impressions taken. Professional artist printmakers will sometimes limit an edition to several artist's proof copies, including

5280-415: The reasons that Salinger refused to allow any subsequent film adaptations of his work. The enduring success of The Catcher in the Rye , however, has resulted in repeated attempts to secure the novel's screen rights. When The Catcher in the Rye was first released, many offers were made to adapt it for the screen, including one from Samuel Goldwyn , producer of My Foolish Heart . In a letter written in

5360-399: The same setting. However, the binding and hinges are made extra strong to allow for the greater wear and tear in library books. This is analogous to the "police and taxi" packages for automobiles, in which heavier brakes and other upgrades are made to withstand harsher-than-standard use and longer duty cycles . A popular book is sometimes re-issued under the imprint of a book club . Often it

5440-461: The same time some readers may dislike the "use of 1940s New York vernacular" and the excessive "whining" of the "self-obsessed character". In 1960, a teacher in Tulsa, Oklahoma , was fired for assigning the novel in class. She was later reinstated. Between 1961 and 1982, The Catcher in the Rye was the most censored book in high schools and libraries in the United States. The book was briefly banned in

5520-550: The sequence in which they were printed, and may often be the reverse of it. In later times, printmakers recognized the value of limiting the size of an edition and including the volume of the edition in the print number (e.g., "15/30" for the 15th print in an edition of 30). Tight controls on the process to limit or eliminate variation in quality have become the norm. In monotyping , a technique where only two impressions at most can be taken, prints may be numbered 1/1, or marked "unique". Artists usually print an edition much smaller than

5600-405: The teenage colloquial speech of the time. Words and phrases that appear frequently include: Bruce Brooks held that Holden's attitude remains unchanged at story's end, implying no maturation, thus differentiating the novel from young adult fiction . In contrast, Louis Menand thought that teachers assign the novel because of the optimistic ending, to teach adolescent readers that "alienation

5680-415: The text of the work, by typically citing the dates of the first and latest editions of the work in the copyright page. Exceptions to this rule of thumb include denominating as a "second edition" a new textbook that has a different format, title, or author because a previous textbook that shares only the same subject matter as the "second edition" is considered the first edition. The reason for this stretch of

5760-456: The world. Listed below are the latest translated co-editions of the flagship product Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary , together with the languages for the translations and the names of the publishers: Dorland's was published for over a century by the W.B. Saunders Company , which was an independent medical publisher during most of that time. In the 1980s and 1990s, W.B. Saunders was acquired first by CBS and then by Harcourt . In 2001,

5840-451: Was Catcher in the Rye . In 1961, Salinger denied Elia Kazan permission to direct a stage adaptation of Catcher for Broadway . Later, Salinger's agents received bids for the Catcher film rights from Harvey Weinstein and Steven Spielberg , neither of which was even passed on to Salinger for consideration. In 2003, the BBC television program The Big Read featured The Catcher in

5920-626: Was arrested with a copy of the book that he had purchased that same day, inside of which he had written: "To Holden Caulfield, From Holden Caulfield, This is my statement". Commenting on the fascination of Hinckley and Chapman, Harvey Solomon-Brady wrote: Compared to books lauded by other killers – George Orwell 's 1984 by John F. Kennedy 's assassin Lee Harvey Oswald , C.S. Lewis 's meditations on Christianity by Gianni Versace 's murderer Andrew Cunanan and Joseph Conrad 's The Secret Agent by Unabomber Ted Kaczynski – The Catcher in

6000-485: Was given by Fredson Bowers in Principles of Bibliographical Description (1949). Bowers wrote that an edition is "the whole number of copies printed at any time or times from substantially the same setting of type-pages," including "all issues and variant states existing within its basic type-setting, as well as all impressions." Publishers often use the same typesetting for the hardcover and trade paperback versions of

6080-455: Was not suitable for film treatment, and that translating Holden Caulfield's first-person narrative into voice-over and dialogue would be contrived. In 2020, Don Hahn revealed that The Walt Disney Company had almost made an animated film titled Dufus which would have been an adaptation of The Catcher in the Rye "with German shepherds ", most likely akin to Oliver & Company . The idea came from then CEO Michael Eisner who loved

6160-480: Was partially published in serial form in 1945–46 before being novelized in 1951. Originally intended for adults, it is often read by adolescents for its themes of angst and alienation , and as a critique of superficiality in society. The novel also deals with themes of innocence, identity, belonging, loss, connection, sex, and depression. The main character, Holden Caulfield , has become an icon for teenage rebellion. Caulfield, nearly of age , gives his opinion on

6240-576: Was published in the December 22, 1945 issue of Collier's , contained material that was later used in The Catcher in the Rye . In 1946, The New Yorker accepted a 90-page manuscript about Holden Caulfield for publication, but Salinger later withdrew it. The school Holden attends is Pencey Preparatory Academy, a boarding school in Pennsylvania that Salinger may have based on the Valley Forge Military Academy and College . The Catcher in

6320-409: Was the sole trustee. Phyllis Westberg, who was Salinger's agent at Harold Ober Associates in New York, declined to say who the trustees are now that the author is dead. After Salinger died in 2010, Westberg stated that nothing had changed in terms of licensing film, television, or stage rights of his works. A letter written by Salinger in 1957 revealed that he was open to an adaptation of The Catcher in

6400-420: Was written for an adult audience, which often forms the foundation of many challengers' arguments against it. Often the challengers have been unfamiliar with the plot itself. Shelley Keller-Gage, a high school teacher who faced objections after assigning the novel in her class, noted that "the challengers are being just like Holden... They are trying to be catchers in the rye." Censorship of the book often causes

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