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185-403: " What Time Is Love? " is a song released, in different mixes , as a series of singles by the British electronic music band the KLF . It featured prominently and repeatedly in their output from 1988 to 1992 and, under the moniker of 2K, in 1997. In its original form, the track was an instrumental electronic dance anthem ; subsequent reworkings, with vocals and additional instrumentation, yielded

370-406: A hiphouse act. Sometimes they even manage to combine both on one particular track, as on "What Time Is Love?". They use samples like schoolkids clear out glue-pots: right to the bottom." Sylvia Patterson from Smash Hits named it Best New Single, describing it as "an unflippin'believable power-pop anthem with mentaaahl guitars and Wall of Sound shrieks so far over the top they're binging round

555-466: A "Next 25" in addition to the Top 75), with the full Top 200 being available to people within the industry. Gallup also began the introduction of computerised compilers, automating the data-collection process. Later in the year, the rules about the kind of free gifts that could come with singles were tightened, as the chart compilers came to the conclusion that a lot of consumers were buying certain releases for

740-482: A CD single. On 1 July 1998, BARD and BPI took over management of the chart from CIN (a Miller Freeman and BPI venture) with new company Music Industry Chart Services (Mics); in August they decided to return to compiling the charts under the name CIN. In the late 1990s, the singles chart became more "frontloaded", with many releases peaking in the first couple of weeks on chart. This helped Irish girl group B*Witched become

925-545: A Top 20 in October 1955 and NME ' s becoming a Top 30 in April 1956. Another rival publication, Melody Maker , began compiling its own chart; it telephoned 19 stores to produce a Top 20 for 7 April 1956. It was also the first chart to include Northern Ireland in its sample. Record Mirror began running a Top 5 album chart in July 1956; from November 1958 onward Melody Maker printed

1110-613: A Top 200. Hit Music ceased publication in May 2001 with issue number 439. In February 1997, CIN and BARD agreed to a new 18-month deal for the charts. In 1998 the CSC agreed to new rules reducing the number of tracks on a single from four to three, playing time from 25 minutes to 20 and the compact disc single minimum dealer price to £1.79. This particularly affected the dance music industry which had previously released CDs full of remixes, with some labels editing or fading out remixes early to fit them on

1295-460: A Top-40 show in 1978. Bates was succeeded by Tony Blackburn , who presented the show for two-and-a-half years; Tommy Vance , who presented for two years, Bates returned in January 1984 and presented the show until September that year, then Richard Skinner for eighteen months. Bruno Brookes took over in 1986 and, in October 1987, automated data collection allowed the countdown to be announced on

1480-464: A US edition of "Pure Trance 1" (sea-green writing on a black sleeve, and slightly different typography) was issued on the TVT label, including a live version taken from The "What Time is Love?" Story . The KLF's "Pure Trance" series was originally envisaged as comprising five "Original" 12" singles and five "Remix" 12"s. The "Pure Trance Remix" single of "What Time Is Love?" was released on 24 July 1989. KLF 004T

1665-467: A boisterous floor-filler by stripping away all the instrumental tracks and substituting a minimalist, sequenced " track " to underpin her vocal delivery, remixed for the UK release which reached No1 pop by Simon Harris . The art of the remix gradually evolved, and soon more avant-garde artists such as Aphex Twin were creating more experimental remixes of songs (relying on the groundwork of Cabaret Voltaire and

1850-421: A cassette recorder. From the mid-1970s, DJs in early discothèques were performing similar tricks with disco songs (using loops and tape edits ) to get dancers on the floor and keep them there. One noteworthy figure was Tom Moulton who invented the dance remix as we now know it. Though not a DJ (a popular misconception), Moulton had begun his career by making a homemade mix tape for a Fire Island dance club in

2035-570: A central track in the KLF's canon, "What Time Is Love?" was given international commercial releases on many occasions and in many forms between 1988 and 1992. The following lists detail most of these, but are not exhaustive. "What Time Is Love? (Pure Trance Original)" (catalogue number KLF 004T) was first released on 17 October 1988, and deleted following initially low UK media interest and sales. The reaction from continental Europe's clubbers and DJs led to further European releases in 1989 and 1990. In late 1989,

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2220-481: A climactic orchestral section and a spoken list of towns and cities. However, in common with the "Stadium House" tracks, the mood of the song is one of jubilation. Between verses, a male chorus chants the word "America" to the tune of the song "Aquarius" from the rock musical Hair . Isaac Bello again provided rap, and Glenn Hughes (formerly of Deep Purple ) provided vocals – a turning point for Hughes which he said helped "saved his life" from drug abuse. In contrast,

2405-418: A couple of 12-inch records under the name the K.L.F., these will be rap free just pure dance music, so don't expect to see them reviewed in the music papers." The first incarnation of "What Time Is Love?" followed. "What Time Is Love?" became one of the KLF's central tracks, dubbed their "three-note warhorse of a signature tune " by Bill Drummond, in reference to the three-note bassline which, together with

2590-477: A cultish organisation from The Illuminatus! Trilogy novels. The JAMs' output was created from plagiarised samples of popular music grafted together to form new songs, with beatbox rhythms and Drummond's often political raps. Their second album, Who Killed the JAMs? , was followed by a newsletter which expressed regret that people believed the JAMs were leading "a crusade for sampling", and suggested "We might put out

2775-432: A derivative work and subject to the copyrights of the original work's copyright holder. The Creative Commons is a non-profit organization that allows the sharing and use of creativity and knowledge through free legal tools and explicitly aims for enabling a Remix culture . They created a website that allows artists to share their work with other users, giving them the ability to share, use, or build upon their work, under

2960-481: A duration of six to seven minutes, and often consisted of the original song with 8 or 16 bars of instruments inserted, often after the second chorus; some were as simplistic as two copies of the song stitched end to end. As the cost and availability of new technologies allowed, many of the bands who were involved in their own production (such as Yellow Magic Orchestra , Depeche Mode , New Order , Erasure , and Duran Duran ) experimented with more intricate versions of

3145-550: A high-pitched refrain on two notes (B bending to F#) characterises the song. The bassline is very similar to the one used by Anne Clark the electronic musician in her 1984 song Our Darkness and to the guitar introduction to the song Heaven on Their Minds from the musical Jesus Christ Superstar . In common with the singles " 3 a.m. Eternal ", " Last Train to Trancentral " and " Justified and Ancient ", "What Time Is Love?" evolved through substantial reworkings, each new version taking elements of its predecessors and placing them in

3330-402: A judge threw out the lawsuit claiming that 50 Cent did not have copyright on the beat, but rather it belonged to Shady/Aftermath Records. Many hip-hop remixes arose either from the need for a pop/R&B singer to add more of an urban, rap edge to one of their slower songs, or from a rapper's desire to gain more pop appeal by collaborating with an R&B singer. Remixes can boost popularity of

3515-565: A lead artist eligible for entry in the top 100 would be limited to three. The streams-to-sales ratio for tracks whose sales (including streams) have declined for three consecutive weeks and have charted for at least ten weeks is changed to 300:1 to accelerate removal of older songs. The BBC aired Pick of the Pops on its Light Programme radio station on 4 October 1955. Initially airing popular songs, it developed an aggregated chart in March 1958. Using

3700-438: A lead artist eligible for entry limited to three. Also the idea of Standard Chart Ratios (SCR) and Accelerated Chart Ratios (ACR) were introduced, with ACR halving streaming points for records that have been in the charts for a while (which includes most catalogue tracks, excepting certain cases), the effect being that a number of hits have plummeted out of the top ten with drops of around 20 places one week only to level off again

3885-489: A minimum sale price of 40 pence. The rules have changed many times as technology has developed, with digital downloads being incorporated in 2005 and streaming in July 2014. The OCC website contains the Top 100 chart. Some media outlets only list the Top 40 (such as the BBC, with their Radio 1 show following the lead of Casey Kasem 's American Top 40 in the 1970s) or the Top 75 (such as Music Week magazine, with all records in

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4070-609: A music sample could be transformed "into a fully realized pop masterpiece". The song and its remix arguably remains as one of Carey's most important singles to date. Due to the song's commercial success, Carey helped popularize rapper as a featured act through her post-1995 songs. Sasha Frere-Jones, editor of The New Yorker commented in referencing to the song's remix: "It became standard for R&B/hip-hop stars like Missy Elliott and Beyoncé , to combine melodies with rapped verses. And young white pop stars—including Britney Spears , 'N Sync , and Christina Aguilera —have spent much of

4255-446: A new exemption which allows non-commercial remixing. In 2013, the US court ruling Lenz v. Universal Music Corp. acknowledged that amateur remixing might fall under fair use and copyright holders are requested to check and respect fair use before doing DMCA take down notices . In June 2015, a WIPO article named "Remix Culture and Amateur Creativity: A Copyright Dilemma" acknowledged

4440-480: A poll commissioned to celebrate this Christmas Number 1 race. LadBaby secured their fifth Christmas No.1 in a row on 23 December 2022 with " Food Aid ", officially surpassing the Beatles when it came to overall Christmas Number 1s. On 7 January 2022, after it had returned to number one for an additional week, "Merry Christmas" became the first record with SCR streaming status (Standard Chart Ratio) to completely drop out of

4625-441: A remix of " Now I'm Following You " that was used to segue from the original to " Vogue " so that the latter could be added to the set without jarring the listener. In 2015, EDM artist Deadmau5 , who worked with Jay-Z's Roc Nation, tried to sue his former manager for remixing his songs without permission, claiming that he gave his manager the go-ahead to use his work for some remixes, but not others. Deadmau5 wanted reimbursement for

4810-436: A remix, which recombines audio pieces from a recording to create an altered version of a song, and a cover : a re-recording of someone else's song. While audio mixing is one of the most popular and recognized forms of remixing, this is not the only media form which is remixed in numerous examples. Literature, film, technology, and social systems can all be argued as a form of remix. Since the beginnings of recorded sound in

4995-453: A remix. However, if the work that is distributed by the remixer is an entirely new and transformative work that is not for profit, copyright laws are not breached . The key word in such considerations is transformative, as the remix product must have been either sufficiently altered or clearly used for a sufficiently different purpose for it to be safe from copyright violation. In 2012, Canada 's Copyright Modernization Act explicitly added

5180-500: A row with " Sausage Rolls for Everyone ", a comedy version of the preceding number one " Merry Christmas " by Ed Sheeran and Elton John (as they were credited by the OCC on the LadBaby version, Sheeran and John happened to be in positions 1 and 2, with these singles acquiring sales of 226,953 between 17 and 23 December 2021). It was the fourth time since 1952 that the number one had been replaced at

5365-434: A rule introduced in 2017 to push down a number of long-running 'recent' hits but applied to all catalogue recordings over three years old, saw all totals for Bush's streaming data halved, so that she got one sale for every 200 plays from her 7,470,792 premium audio stream total and one sale from every 1,200 plays of her 1,029,666 ad-funded audio stream total. Added to premium video streams and digital downloads she ended up with

5550-402: A sample from "Khosara Khosara", a composition by Egyptian composer Baligh Hamdy in his song " Big Pimpin' ". Osama Fahmy, a nephew of Hamdy, argued that while Jay-Z had the "economic rights" to use the song, he did not have the "moral rights". In 1988, Sinéad O'Connor 's art-rock song "I Want Your (Hands on Me)" was remixed to emphasize the urban appeal of the composition (the original contains

5735-550: A sample of 250 stores to provide a consistency with the charts of the early 1980s). In January 1991, the CIN became a joint venture between Link House Magazines (formerly Spotlight Publications, later Miller Freeman, Inc. ) and the BPI; they shared the revenue and costs (reportedly between £750,000 and £1 million). During this time, other retailers (such as Woolworths and John Menzies ) began submitting data using EPoS terminals. In late 1991,

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5920-467: A second newsletter was created: Hit Music , a sister publication of Music Week featuring (among other charts) the singles Top 75 and a revived "Next 25". In November 1994, Charts Plus ceased publication; Hit Music expanded its chart coverage to an uncompressed (without special rules) Top 200 Singles, Top 150 Artists Albums and Top 50 Compilations. In November 1996, the Artist Albums chart extended to

6105-458: A single as that included a recording from 1989 doing a cover of "What Time Is Love?" The three reworkings of the track were written and produced by Bill Drummond and Jimmy Cauty . Cauty also receives credit for playing electric guitar, bass, drums and keyboards on "America...", and Drummond for playing Gibson 330 on that version. Additional contributors to "What Time Is Love? (Live at Trancentral)" and "America: What Time Is Love?" included: As

6290-505: A single vinyl 7 inch EP and all singles needing to be under 20 minutes in length, as releases longer than 20 minutes would be classed as an album (with most longer EPs falling into the budget albums category). In July 1987, Gallup signed a new agreement with the BPI, increasing the sample size to approximately 500 stores and introducing barcode scanners to read data. The chart was based entirely on sales of vinyl single records from retail outlets and announced on Tuesday until October 1987, when

6475-423: A still-riveting manner that transcends the dated beatdrops. Fusing the siren-wailing urgency of rave anthemry with the drunk-on-its-own-riff brilliance of the stupidest, simplest pop music, it's the kind of song that sends electrifying impulses through the drunken brain." The single release "America: What Time Is Love?" constituted a major reworking of the anthem and was the KLF's final UK retail musical offering. It

6660-547: A tight, grinding bassline and a rhythm guitar not entirely unlike Chic's work). In 1989, the Cure 's "Pictures of You" was remixed turning "the music on its head, twisted the beat completely, but at the same time left the essential heart of the song intact." Remixes have become the norm in contemporary dance music , giving one song the ability to appeal across many different musical genres or dance venues. Such remixes often include "featured" artists, adding new vocalists or musicians to

6845-539: A year cost". From 1 July 1990, the Chart Information Network (CIN) was formed by Spotlight Publications (publisher of Music Week ), in cooperation with the BBC and the British Association of Record Dealers (BARD) – representing retailers, including WHSmith, Woolworths , HMV and Virgin – who agreed to exclusively supply sales data to the CIN. A Chart Supervisory Committee (CSC) represented

7030-422: Is "education – not about framing or law – but rather what you can do with technology, and then the law will catch up". He believes that trade associations – like mashup guilds – that survey practices and publish reports to establish norm or reasonable behaviours in the context of the community would be useful in establishing fair use parameters. Lessig also believes that Creative Commons and other licences, such as

7215-435: Is Mariah Carey." Mayard also expressed that "To this day ODB and Mariah may still be the best and most random hip hop collaboration of all time", citing that due to the record "Fantasy", "R&B and Hip Hop were the best of step siblings." In the 1998 film Rush Hour , Soo Yong is singing the song while it plays on the car radio, shortly before her kidnapping. In 2011, the experimental metal band Iwrestledabearonce used

7400-806: Is about a love triangle. Other types of remixes in art are parodies . A parody in contemporary usage, is a work created to mock, comment on, or make fun at an original work, its subject, author, style, or some other target, by means of humorous, satiric or ironic imitation. They can be found all throughout art and culture from literature to animation. Famous song parody artists include "Weird Al" Yankovic and Allan Sherman . Several current television shows are filled with parodies, such as South Park , Family Guy , and The Simpsons . The internet has allowed for art to be remixed quite easily, as evidenced by sites like memgenerator.net (provides pictorial template upon which any words may be written by various anonymous users), and Dan Walsh's Garfieldminusgarfield.net (removes

7585-493: Is not uncommon for industrial bands to release albums that have remixes as half of the songs. Indeed, there have been popular singles that have been expanded to an entire album of remixes by other well-known artists. Some industrial groups allow, and often encourage, their fans to remix their music, notably Nine Inch Nails , whose website contains a list of downloadable songs that can be remixed using Apple 's GarageBand software. Some artists have started releasing their songs in

What Time Is Love? - Misplaced Pages Continue

7770-474: Is perhaps the most famous of this movement, creating albums using sounds entirely from other music and cutting it into his own. Underground mixing is more difficult than the typical official remix because clean copies of separated tracks such as vocals or individual instruments are usually not available to the public. Some artists (such as Björk , Nine Inch Nails , and Public Enemy ) embraced this trend and outspokenly sanctioned fan remixing of their work; there

7955-592: Is the UK music industry's recognised official measure of singles and albums popularity because it is the most comprehensive research panel of its kind, today surveying over 15,000 retailers and digital services daily, capturing 99.9% of all singles consumed in Britain across the week, and over 98% of albums. To be eligible for the chart, a single is currently defined by the OCC as either a "single bundle" having no more than four tracks and not lasting longer than 25 minutes or one digital audio track not longer than 15 minutes with

8140-788: The Pick of the Pops chart. The Official Charts Company and their various Hit Singles books (whether published by Guinness/HiT Entertainment or Virgin), use as sources for the unofficial period, the NME before 10 March 1960 and Record Retailer until 1969. Until 1969 the Record Retailer chart was mainly seen by people working in the industry. The most widely circulated chart was the NME one, as used by Radio Luxembourg 's Sunday night Top 20 show, as well as by ABC TV's Thank Your Lucky Stars , which had an audience of up to six million on ITV . Before 1969 there

8325-572: The Acid Brass concept. Inspired by an Acid Brass concert, Drummond and Cauty collaborated with Deller and Acid Brass on a new version of "What Time Is Love?" called " Fuck the Millennium " under the moniker 2K. Upon the 1989 release, Bill Coleman from Billboard commented, "As odd as it may sound, " Jesus Christ Superstar " is the hook that propels this spacy techno instrumental with an industrial edge." In 1991, another editor, Larry Flick , described

8510-535: The B-side "America No More" is a sombre anti-war statement focusing on US foreign policy . With ambient overtones, it features forlorn guitars, austere brass and a pipe band loudly playing an improvisation in the style of Scottish traditional folk music, set against the backdrop of artillery noise and the recorded words of US politicians, commentators and evangelists speaking either about or during major 20th century US military conflicts . According to Drummond, it

8695-511: The Creative Commons license . The artist can limit the copyright to specific users for specific purposes, while protecting the users and the artist. The exclusive rights of the copyright owner over acts such as reproduction/copying, communication, adaptation and performance – unless licensed openly – by their very nature reduce the ability to negotiate copyright material without permission. Remixes will inevitably encounter legal problems when

8880-511: The GNU General Public Licence are important mechanisms which mashup and remix artists can use to mitigate the impact of copyright law. Lessig laid out his ideas in a book called "Remix" which is itself free to remix under a CC BY-NC license . The Fair Use agreement allows users to use copyrighted materials without asking the permission of the original creator (section 107 of the federal copyright law). Within this agreement,

9065-589: The High Street . It also complained that including singles not available physically would confuse customers and create gaps in stores' sale racks. It agreed to the new rules provided that digital sales were only included to a single's sales tally if there was a physical equivalent sold in shops at the time. Since there was no rule governing a minimum number of pressings, Gorillaz released only 300 vinyl copies of their single " Feel Good Inc. " on 12 April 2005 (a month before its general release). This allowed it to debut in

9250-429: The NME , Melody Maker , Disc and Record Mirror charts, the BBC averaged them by totalling points gained on the four charts (one point for a number one, two for a number two, etc.) to give a chart average; this method was prone to tied positions. Record Retailer was included in the average on 31 March 1962, after Record Mirror ceased compiling its chart. David Jacobs and Alan Freeman both had stints presenting

9435-463: The Pick of the Pops chart. Freeman took Pick of the Pops to its regular Sunday afternoon slot in early 1962. Freeman (along with Pete Murray , David Jacobs and Jimmy Savile ) was one of the four original presenters on Top of the Pops , which first aired 1 January 1964 on BBC One (then known as BBC TV). Top of the Pops , like Pick of the Pops , used a combination of predominant periodicals until

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9620-516: The U-MYX format, which allows buyers to mix songs and share them on the U-MYX website. Recent technology allows for easier remixing, leading to a rise in its use in the music industry. It can be done legally, but there have been numerous disputes over rights to samples used in remixed songs. Many famous artists have been involved in remix disputes. In 2015, Jay-Z went to trial over a dispute about his use of

9805-683: The Virtua Fighter release on the Sega Saturn. Virtua Fighter had been released on the Saturn in a less-than-impressive state. Sega had attempted to make an accurate port of the Sega Model 1 arcade version, and therefore chose to use untextured models and the soundtrack from the arcade machine. However, as the Saturn was incapable of rendering as many polygons on screen as Model 1 hardware, characters looked noticeably worse. Many claim it to be even worse than

9990-462: The interim order was rejected. In June 1995 the case was dropped, after the clause allowing BARD retailers to supply sales information to other chart compilers was deleted; because CIN retained the copyright, other compilers could not use (or sell) the information. On 2 April 1995, the number of eligible formats was reduced from four to three. The decision came after nine months of negotiations with BARD, which objected that it would adversely affect

10175-412: The synthesizer -based compositions of electronic musicians such as Kraftwerk , Yellow Magic Orchestra, Giorgio Moroder , and Jean-Michel Jarre . Contemporaneous to Art of Noise was the seminal body of work by Yello (composed, arranged and mixed by Boris Blank ). Primarily because they featured sampled and synthesized sounds, Yello and Art of Noise would produce a great deal of influential work for

10360-439: The "Pure Trance Original" was incorporated into DJ John Digweed 's set at Fatboy Slim 's free Brighton beach show, where it was played to a live audience of approximately 150,000 people and relayed to viewers of television channel E4 . Digweed's set showcased the origins of trance music , with "What Time Is Love?" used alongside Underworld's " Dark & Long " and Paul Oakenfold 's "Perfecto Mix" of U2 's " Even Better Than

10545-828: The "age of remixing" and the need for a copyright reform . UK Singles Chart The UK singles chart (currently titled the Official Singles Chart , with the upper section more commonly known as the Official UK Top 40) is compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC), on behalf of the British record industry , listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom , based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming . The Official Chart, broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and formerly MTV (Official UK Top 40),

10730-480: The "first significant download retailer". Legal downloading was initially small, with MyCokeMusic selling over 100,000 downloads during its first three months. In June the iTunes Store was launched in the UK, and more than 450,000 songs were downloaded during the first week. In early September the UK Official Download Chart was launched, and a new live recording of Westlife 's " Flying Without Wings "

10915-622: The 1960s. Various textual sources (including his own) would be cut literally into pieces with scissors, rearranged on a page, and pasted to form new sentences, new ideas, new stories, and new ways of thinking about words. "The Soft Machine" (1961) is a famous example of an early novel by Burroughs based on the cut-up technique. Remixing of literature and language is also apparent in Pixel Juice (2000) by Jeff Noon who later explained using different methods for this process with Cobralingus (2001). A remix in art often takes multiple perspectives upon

11100-482: The 1982 chart record set by Captain Sensible's "Happy Talk" for biggest Top 40 jump to number one, when "So What" vaulted from 38 to 1 (a statistic which was matched in 2022 by Adele). The first number-one song never released physically was " Run " by Leona Lewis , the 11th song in total to reach number one on downloads alone. Unlike the previous 10, it did not receive a physical release in subsequent weeks (although it

11285-451: The 2001 Grammy as Remixer of the Year . Another well-known example is R. Kelly , who recorded two different versions of " Ignition " for his 2003 album Chocolate Factory . The song is unique in that it segues from the end of the original to the beginning of the remixed version (accompanied by the line "Now usually I don't do this, but uh, go ahead on, break em' off with a little preview of

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11470-510: The BBC compiled its own chart based on an average of the music papers of the time; many songs announced as having reached number one on BBC Radio and Top of the Pops before 1969 are not listed as chart-toppers according to the legacy criteria of the Charts Company. The first number one on the UK singles chart was " Here in My Heart " by Al Martino for the week ending 14 November 1952. As of

11655-473: The BBC, CIN and retailers. The BPI were reluctant to join and "consider[ed] the option of launching a rival chart" but in September, an agreement was reached, and it joined the CSC. For this period, the chart was produced by Gallup and owned by CIN and Music Week (who later sold it to the BBC and BPI), with around 900 shops providing the data from point of sale machines (though the data was distilled back down to

11840-657: The BMRB singles chart was expanded from a Top 50 to a Top 75, while abolishing the system where some falling records were excluded from the 41-50 section, as well as abandoning the additional list of 10 "Breakers". Earlier that year, the Daily Mirror and the BBC's Nationwide television programme both investigated chart hyping, where record company representatives allegedly purchased records from chart return shops. A World in Action documentary exposé in 1980 also revealed corruption within

12025-504: The Beatles , who had four Christmas number ones over five years between 1963 - 1967, with the Liverpudlian group missing out in 1966 (The Spice Girls also had three consecutively in the 1990s). " Sausage Rolls for Everyone " was also credited as the 70th Official Christmas Number 1 by the OCC, who had also announced that "Killing In The Name" by Rage Against The Machine had been named as the 'UK's Favourite Christmas Number 1 of All Time' in

12210-472: The God Machine . The track appeared as a B-side on their limited silver vinyl "Home" single and a promo CD. :zoviet*France: side-project Horizon 222 on their 1993 piece Liberation (Om-Pa-Na-Da) (released on the 1994 album The Three of Swans ) carefully work around the melodic and harmonic structure of What Time Is Love? , ultimately revealing its source in a short appearance of a reverberated sample from

12395-587: The Internet, following the example of Beggars Banquet and Liquid Audio (who made 2,000 tracks available for digital download in the US). On the Official Singles Chart for 22 September 2001, DJ Otzi's " Hey Baby " became the first single ever to jump to number one from outside the Top 40 when it went from number 45 to number one. "Hey Baby" had charted for seven weeks outside the Top 40 due to imported copies from

12580-454: The KLF to release a compilation album of selected cover versions and sound-alikes , entitled The "What Time Is Love?" Story . As Drummond had predicted, the "Pure Trance" release received little attention from the music press. However, upon the release of The "What Time Is Love?" Story , Q Magazine hailed the track as "a whirling house stomper ... not so much of a tune but a good beat". A 1990 version subtitled "Live at Trancentral"

12765-543: The KLF's recording studio. An LP version of this mix appears on the album The White Room . A remix 12", "What Time Is Love? (Remodelled & Remixed)" was released a month after the "Stadium House" version. It contains remixes by Echo & the Bunnymen —for whom the KLF co-founder Bill Drummond had previously been manager—and the Moody Boys . Both "Live at Trancentral" and "Remodelled & Remixed" were declared 'Single of

12950-590: The Knuckles version, which had been provided as an alternative to the original mix by Ian Devaney and Andy Morris, the record's producers. In the age of social media, anybody can make and upload a remix. The most popular apps for doing this are Instagram and YouTube . A remix may also refer to a non-linear re-interpretation of a given work or media other than audio such as a hybridizing process combining fragments of various works. The process of combining and re-contextualizing will often produce unique results independent of

13135-586: The Official Charts Company website is still missing much of the data on regards to records in positions 76 to 100 from 13 April 1991 to 5 February 1994.) The growth of dance music culture in the late 1980s had resulted in records with many remixes, though with a single only officially running to 20 minutes this meant that many of the European-style maxi-singles could not be included. Therefore, in June 1991,

13320-523: The Real Thing ". British band Kaiser Chiefs covered "What Time Is Love?" on 14 February 2006 on BBC Radio 1 . At the end of the performance, presenter Jo Whiley said "The Kaiser Chiefs have now left the building" in reference to the phrase used more than once by the KLF (and previously in reference to Elvis Presley ). German eurodance group Scooter sampled the music of the Trancentral version and

13505-630: The Republic of Ireland being available in UK chart shops and the fact that the officially released UK single had the same catalogue number as the Irish import, meaning that the CIN (Chart Information Network) did not list the two versions as separate versions, as they had done with ATB's " 9 PM (Till I Come) ", which had charted as five separate entries before the official release reached number one. In November 2001, CIN changed its name to " The Official UK Charts Company ". In January 2004, MyCoke Music launched as

13690-460: The Sales Chart that week, "Thinking Out Loud" was streamed 1.6 million times in the same week, resulting in an overall lead of 13,000 chart sales. On 10 March 2017, Ed Sheeran claimed 9 of the top 10 positions in the chart when his album ÷ was released. The large number of tracks from the album on the singles chart, 16 in the top 20, led to a change in how the chart is compiled with tracks from

13875-566: The Sega 32X version, thanks to the added CD loading time. Virtua Fighter Remix was created to address many of these flaws. Models have a slightly higher polygon count (though still less than the Model 1 version); they are also texture-mapped, leading to a much more modern-looking game that could effectively compete with the PlayStation. The game also allows players to use the original flat-shaded models. In

14060-537: The Stream" with Rob Brydon , Ruth Jones and Robin Gibb. She also replaced Cher at the top of the list of oldest female artist chart-toppers at 63 years and 11 months, compared to the 52 years that Cher was when "Believe" topped the chart in 1998. Jones and Bush are also on the Top 10 list of oldest artists to score a UK Number 1 single with Bush placed fifth. The last record Bush broke was the one held by Wham!'s "Last Christmas", for

14245-537: The Sunday chart show (instead of on Tuesdays). In 1990, Brookes was replaced as presenter by Mark Goodier , but returned 18 months later. Goodier took over from Brookes once more in 1995 and continued presenting the show until 2002. In February 2003 Wes Butters hosted the chart show; two years later his contract was not renewed, and he was replaced by JK and Joel . The duo were made redundant by Radio 1 in September 2007; Fearne Cotton and Reggie Yates replaced them at

14430-480: The T-shirts that came with them and not the actual record (stickers were also banned). Bands like Frankie Goes to Hollywood were still able to release their singles over a wide range of formats, including picture discs and various remixes, with ZTT Records putting out " Two Tribes " over eight formats in 1984. In June 1987, double pack singles were banned as a format with four-track singles having to be released as

14615-400: The Top 10 albums. In March 1960, Record Retailer began compiling an EP chart and had a Top 50 singles chart. Although NME had the largest circulation of charts in the 1960s and was widely followed, in March 1962, Record Mirror stopped compiling its own chart and published Record Retailer ' s instead. Retailer began independent auditing in January 1963, and is now used by

14800-567: The Top 100 from number one, exiting at the same time as "Sausage Rolls For Everyone". The chart published on 7 January 2022 also saw the first instance when the entire previous week's Top 10 singles (actually the Top 13 singles) had exited the chart. It was not only the Top 10 singles that had disappeared from the chart, but a record breaking 54 singles which had disappeared from the UK Top 75 (including 52 Christmas-themed tracks). This week's chart saw those songs replaced by 12 new entries and 42 re-entries,

14985-572: The Top 40 was revealed each Sunday (due to the new, automated process). The 1980s also saw the introduction of the cassette single (or "cassingle") alongside the 7-inch and 12-inch record formats; in 1987, major record labels developed a common format for the compact disc single, which was allowed to count as a chart format from December 1987. In May 1989, chart regulations kept Kylie Minogue 's song " Hand on Your Heart " from entering at number one because sales from cassette singles were not included (they were sold for £1.99 – cheaper than allowed at

15170-449: The Top 75 described as 'hits') of this list. The chart week runs from 00:01 Friday to midnight Thursday. The Top 40 chart is first issued on Fridays by BBC Radio 1 as The Official Chart from 16:00 to 17:45, before the full Official Singles Chart Top 100 is posted on the Official Charts Company's website. A rival chart show, The Official Big Top 40 , is broadcast on Sundays from 16:00 to 19:00 on Capital and Heart stations across

15355-623: The Trancentral) by the KLF featuring the Children of the Revolution "America: What Time Is Love" by the KLF Remixes Most commonly, remixes are a subset of audio mixing in music and song recordings. Songs may be remixed for a large variety of reasons: Remixes should not be confused with edits, which usually involve shortening a final stereo master for marketing or broadcasting purposes. Another distinction should be made between

15540-615: The UK mainstream". Dorian Lynskey of The Guardian named it a "benchmark remix" and placed it in his top ten list of remixes. The Coldcut remix "Seven Minutes of Madness" became one of the first commercially successful remixes, becoming a top fifteen hit in countries such as Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Early pop remixes were fairly simple; in the 1980s, "extended mixes" of songs were released to clubs and commercial outlets on vinyl 12-inch singles . These typically had

15725-487: The UK singles chart (positions 76–100, with special rules) ceased to be printed in the trade magazine Music Week , who decided to focus on records in the charts described as hits. In April 1991, Record Mirror ceased publication, along with the "Next 25". At this point, Gallup was compiling a Top 200 singles chart and Top 150 albums chart for industry insiders, with the data accessed by subscribing to Music Week 's spin-off newsletter Charts Plus . (Note: As of June 2024,

15910-440: The UK singles chart as the source for number-ones from the week ending 12 March 1960 onward. The choice of Record Retailer as the source has been criticised, but the chart was unique in listing close to 50 positions for the whole decade. With available lists of which record shops were sampled to compile the charts, some shops were subjected to " hyping " but, with Record Retailer being less widely followed than some charts, it

16095-532: The US during October 1991, four months before its release in the UK and elsewhere (24 February 1992). The B-side "America No More", which featured anti-war sentiments directed at US foreign policy and included samples of contemporary Gulf War dialogue, was not included on the US releases. Unlike previous single releases of "What Time Is Love?", no commercial remixes of "America" were released, although five edits of different lengths were distributed. Germany, Australia, Denmark) Key "What Time Is Love?" (live at

16280-471: The United Kingdom. The final number one on the UK Singles Chart to be based on sales alone was " Gecko (Overdrive) " by Oliver Heldens featuring Becky Hill . On Sunday 6 July 2014, the Official Charts Company announced that Ariana Grande had earned a place in UK chart history when her single " Problem " featuring Iggy Azalea became the first number-one single based on sales and streaming data. On

16465-465: The United Kingdom. The Official Big Top 40 is based on Apple data only, (Apple Music streams and iTunes downloads) plus commercial radio airplay across the Global radio network. The UK singles chart began to be compiled in 1952. According to the Official Charts Company's statistics, as of 1 July 2012, 1,200 singles had topped the Official Singles Chart. The precise number of chart-toppers is debatable due to

16650-516: The Week' at different times by New Musical Express ( NME ), where "Live at Trancentral" was described as a collision of "energy, humour and violence". The magazine also ranked "Live at Trancentral" as the 47th best single of 1990. Q Magazine noted the "awesome vitality" of the LP version. A retrospective review of the LP version by Splendid Magazine found the song to be "extraordinary". "It throbs and pulses in

16835-575: The bridge from the original version was used as the chorus. There is a version omitting Ol' Dirty Bastard's verses. The "Bad Boy Fantasy Remix", combines the chorus from the original version and the chorus of the Bad Boy Remix together, removing Ol' Dirty Bastard's vocals from his second verse. Carey re-recorded vocals for club remixes of the song by David Morales , titled "Daydream Interlude (Fantasy Sweet Dub Mix)". The Bad Boy remix garnered positive reviews from music critics. "Fantasy" exemplified how

17020-538: The chart at number 22 (eventually reaching number 2), and remain in the Top 40 for a longer period. After pressure from elsewhere in the music industry a second compromise was reached in 2006, which now allowed singles to chart on downloads the week before their physical release. The first song to make the Top 40 on downloads alone was " Pump It " by the Black Eyed Peas , which charted at number 16 on 12 March 2006. Three weeks later, " Crazy " by Gnarls Barkley became

17205-425: The chart of 16 August 2014, Nico & Vinz's "Am I Wrong" jumped from number 52 to number 1 in its sixth week, after the streaming hit (the first single ever to chart in the Top 75 on streams alone) became available to purchase. On 7 December 2014, Ed Sheeran 's " Thinking Out Loud " became the first single to reach number one as a direct result of streaming inclusion. Despite Union J 's " You Got It All " topping

17390-503: The charts on 1 February 1994, increasing the sample size; by the end of the month, each shop sampled used a barcode scanner linking via an Epson terminal with a modem to a central computer (called "Eric"), which logged data from more than 2,500 stores. Gallup attempted to block Millward Brown's new chart by complaining to the Office of Fair Trading about the contractual clause in which BARD retailers exclusively supplied sales data to CIN, but

17575-484: The close of trade on Saturday. The sales diaries were translated into punch cards so the data could be interpreted by a computer. A computer then compiled the chart on Monday, and the BBC were informed of the Top 50 on Tuesday in time for it to be announced on Johnnie Walker's afternoon show . The charts were also published in Record Retailer (rebranded Record & Tape Retailer in 1971 and Music Week in 1972) and Record Mirror . The BMRB often struggled to have

17760-542: The concept of the remix has been applied analogously to other media and products. In 2001, the British Channel 4 television program Jaaaaam was produced as a remix of the sketches from the comedy show Jam . In 2003 The Coca-Cola Company released a new version of their soft drink Sprite with tropical flavors under the name Sprite Remix . In 1995, Sega released Virtua Fighter Remix (バーチャファイター　リミックス/Bāchafaitā rimikkusu) as an update to, just months after

17945-536: The context of a different musical genre . There were three main versions, released in 1988, 1990 and 1991, shifting the KLF's sound from acid house through pop into heavy rock-oriented electronica , and a remake under a different moniker in 1997. The original 1988 12" single release launched the KLF's minimalist "Pure Trance" series of singles. The "Pure Trance" version is a synthesiser composition based around an acid house riff on three low-pitched notes and one minor chord ( B minor ). The subtle progression of

18130-428: The copyrighted material that is borrowed must be used under specific government regulations. Material borrowed falls under fair use depending on the amount of original content used, the nature of the content, the purpose of the borrowed content, and the effect the borrowed content has on an audience. Unfortunately, there are no distinct lines between copyright infringement and abiding by fair use regulations while producing

18315-401: The courts consider what will amount to a substantial part by reference to its quality, as opposed to quantity and the importance the part taken bears in relation to the work as whole. There are proposed theories of reform regarding the copyright law and remixes. Nicolas Suzor believes that copyright law should be reformed in such a manner as to allow certain reuses of copyright material without

18500-469: The dance hall culture of late-1960s and early-1970s Jamaica . The fluid evolution of music that encompassed ska , rocksteady , reggae and dub was embraced by local music mixers who deconstructed and rebuilt tracks to suit the tastes of their audience. Producers and engineers like Ruddy Redwood, King Tubby and Lee "Scratch" Perry popularized stripped-down instrumental mixes (which they called "versions") of reggae tunes. At first, they simply dropped

18685-424: The extended mix. Madonna began her career writing music for dance clubs and used remixes extensively to propel her career; one of her early boyfriends was noted DJ John "Jellybean" Benitez , who created several mixes of her work. Art of Noise took the remix styles to an extreme—creating music entirely of samples . They were among the first popular groups to truly harness the potential that had been unleashed by

18870-534: The fifth time in a row. Influenced by John Otway's 50th birthday hit single fan campaign, which saw Otway's " Disco Inferno "-sampling single "Bunsen Burner" reach number 9 in 2002 without being stocked by Entertainment UK-associated retailers like Woolworths , the Morters encouraged people on Facebook to download the song the week before Christmas. When "Killing in the Name" hit the top spot on 20 December 2009, it became

19055-589: The first act to get their first three hits at number one, an achievement not matched for another twenty years. Before February 1969 – when the British Market Research Bureau (BMRB) chart was established – there was no official chart or universally accepted source. Readers followed the charts in various periodicals and, during this time, the BBC used aggregated results of charts from the NME , Melody Maker , Disc and (later) Record Mirror to compile

19240-545: The first chart incorporating sales figures on 20 July 1940. Record charts in the UK began in 1952, when Percy Dickins of the New Musical Express ( NME ) gathered a pool of 52 stores willing to report sales figures. For the first British chart Dickins telephoned approximately 20 shops, asking for a list of the 10 best-selling songs. These results were then aggregated into a Top 12 chart published in NME on 14 November 1952, with Al Martino 's " Here in My Heart " awarded

19425-522: The first download-only single to become the UK Christmas number one and received a Guinness World Record for "Fastest-selling digital track in the UK" after selling 502,672 units in its first week. It was announced in June 2014 that as of Sunday, 29 June, audio streams from services such as Spotify , Deezer , Napster , O2 Tracks, Xbox Music , Sony Unlimited, and rara would count for the Official Singles Chart, to reflect changing music consumption in

19610-422: The first mainstream artists who re-recorded vocals for a dancefloor version, and by 1993 most of her major dance and urban-targeted versions had been re-sung, e.g. " Dreamlover ". Some artists would contribute new or additional vocals for the different versions of their songs. These versions were not technically remixes, as entirely new productions of the material were undertaken (the songs were "re-cut", usually from

19795-483: The first mainstream successes of this style of remix was the 1983 track Rockit by Herbie Hancock , as remixed by Grand Mixer D.ST . Malcolm McLaren and the creative team behind ZTT Records would feature the "cut up" style of hip hop on such records as " Duck Rock ". English duo Coldcut 's remix of Eric B. & Rakim's "Paid in Full" Released in October 1987 is said to have "laid the groundwork for hip hop's entry into

19980-472: The first pop band to debut at the top with each of their first four releases (with the group's singles found at number one in the period between June 1998 to March 1999). Between 1963 and the 1990s, only a few acts had reached number one with their first three chart hits. In the late 1990s, the Spice Girls and current record holders Westlife also outperformed this feat, with the former getting six and

20165-401: The first song to top the charts on download sales alone. As part of the revised rules, singles would be removed from the chart two weeks after the deletion of their physical formats; "Crazy" left the chart 11 weeks later from number 5. This was in addition to the existing rule that to be eligible for the chart, the physical single had to have been released within the last twelve months, supporting

20350-424: The first time in history creativity by default is subject to regulation because of two architectural features. First, cultural objects or products created digitally can be easily copied, and secondly, the default copyright law requires the permission of the owner. The result is that one needs the permission of the copyright owner to engage in mashups or acts of remixing. Lessig believes that the key to mashups and remix

20535-571: The formation of the BMRB chart in 1969. From 30 September 1967 BBC Radio 1 was launched along with BBC Radio 2 , succeeding the Light Programme, and the Top-20 Pick of the Pops chart was simulcast on both stations. Freeman continued to present the show until September 1972, and was succeeded by Tom Browne who presented the chart, also on Sundays, from October 1972 to March 1978. Simon Bates took over from Browne, and under Bates it became

20720-491: The full sample of sales figures returned by post. The 1971 postal strike meant data had to be collected by telephone (and that the chart was reduced to a Top 40 during this period), but this was deemed inadequate for a national chart; by 1973, the BMRB was using motorcycle couriers to collect sales figures. In March 1978, two record industry publications, Radio & Record News and Record Business both started publishing Top 100 singles charts, so in response, in May 1978,

20905-421: The general view that the chart reflected the top-selling "current" releases. On 1 January 2007, the integration of downloaded music into the charts became complete when all downloads – with or without a physical equivalent – became eligible to chart, redefining the UK singles chart by turning it into a "songs" chart. " Chasing Cars " by Snow Patrol returned at a Top 10 position (number 9, just three places below

21090-446: The ground up). Carey worked with producer Puff Daddy to create the official Bad Boy remix of "Fantasy". The Bad Boy remix features background vocals by Puff Daddy and rapping by Ol' Dirty Bastard, the latter being of concern to Columbia who feared the sudden change in style would affect sales negatively. Some of the song's R&B elements were removed for the remix, while the bassline and " Genius of Love " sample were emphasized and

21275-504: The helm of the chart show. Cotton left in September 2009, and until 2012 the chart show was hosted by Yates. Yates left Radio 1 at the end of 2012, because he wanted to spend more time with his family, as well as focusing more on television. Jameela Jamil took over from him in January 2013, becoming the first woman to host, alone, the BBC Chart show before being replaced by Clara Amfo . On 10 July 2015, Greg James took over from Amfo, when

21460-534: The industry; stores' chart-returns dealers would frequently be offered bribes to falsify sales logs. From 1983 to 1990, the chart was financed by the British Phonographic Industry (50 percent), Music Week (38 percent) and the BBC (12 percent). On 4 January 1983, the chart compilation was assumed by the Gallup Organization , which expanded the public/ Music Week chart to a Top 100 (with

21645-425: The intentions and vision of the original designer/artist. Thus the concept of a remix can be applied to visual or video arts, and even things farther afield. Mark Z. Danielewski 's disjointed novel House of Leaves has been compared by some to the remix concept. A remix in literature is an alternative version of a text. William Burroughs used the cut-up technique developed by Brion Gysin to remix language in

21830-544: The international hit singles "What Time Is Love? (Live at Trancentral)" (1990), and "America: What Time Is Love?" (1991), which respectively reached number five and number four on the UK Singles Chart, and introduced the KLF to a mainstream international audience. The KLF co-founders Jimmy Cauty and Bill Drummond began releasing music in March 1987, under the pseudonym the Justified Ancients of Mu Mu (the JAMs), named after

22015-591: The introductory lyrics of "America: What Time Is Love?" on their single " Behind the Cow ", taken from the 2007 album The Ultimate Aural Orgasm . They had previously sampled the Trancentral version in 2001 on the song " Posse (I Need You on the Floor) " from the album We Bring the Noise! . In 2012 the group covered the song on their sixteenth album Music for a Big Night Out . In 2006, English electronic musician Max Tundra released

22200-481: The issue of intellectual property becomes a concern. The most important question is whether a remixer is free to redistribute his or her work, or whether the remix falls under the category of a derivative work according to, for example, United States copyright law. Of note are open questions concerning the legality of visual works, like the art form of collage , which can be plagued with licensing issues. There are two obvious extremes with regard to derivative works. If

22385-560: The largest amount in chart history. In June 2022, the Netflix show Stranger Things used " Running Up That Hill " by Kate Bush in their fourth season, which resulted in the record (which had previously charted in 1985 via EMI and in 2012 via Kate Bush's Fish People record label) re-enter the charts at number 8. On the Official Singles Chart Top 100 of 10 June 2022 to 16 June 2022, the record climbed to number two, even though it

22570-461: The late 1960s. His tapes eventually became popular and he came to the attention of the music industry in New York City. At first, Moulton was simply called upon to improve the aesthetics of dance-oriented recordings before release ("I didn't do the remix, I did the mix"—Tom Moulton). Eventually, he moved from being a "fix it" man on pop records to specializing in remixes for the dance floor. Along

22755-504: The late 19th century, technology has enabled people to rearrange the normal listening experience. With the advent of easily editable magnetic tape in the 1940s and 1950s and the subsequent development of multitrack recording , such alterations became more common. In those decades the experimental genre of musique concrète used tape manipulation to create sound compositions. Less artistically lofty edits produced medleys or novelty recordings of various types. Modern remixing had its roots in

22940-414: The latter seven number ones from the start of their careers. In 1999, Millward Brown began "re-chipping" some retailers' machines, in anticipation of the millennium bug . Some independent retailers lost access to the record-label-funded Electronic Record Ordering System (Eros); it was "too costly to make it Year 2000 compliant ". Toward the end of the 1990s companies anticipated distributing singles over

23125-623: The main character from various original strips by Garfield creator Jim Davis). "A feminist remix is a creative resistance and cultural production that talks back to patriarchy by reworking patriarchal hierarchical systems privileging men. Examples include Barbara Kruger's You are not yourself (1982), We are not what we seem (1988), and Your body is a battleground (1989) Barbara Kruger , Orlan's (1994) Self-Hybridizations Orlan , Evelin Stermitz 's remix, Women at War (2010), and Distaff [Ain't I Redux] (2008) by artist Sian Amoy. In recent years

23310-520: The mid-1970s, the dub and disco remix cultures met through Jamaican immigrants to the Bronx , energizing both and helping to create hip-hop music . Key figures included, DJ Kool Herc and Grandmaster Flash . Cutting (alternating between duplicate copies of the same record) and scratching (manually moving the vinyl record beneath the turntable needle) became part of the culture, creating what Slate magazine called "real-time, live-action collage." One of

23495-503: The most influential group of remixers for the disco era. The Salsoul catalog is seen (especially in the UK and Europe) as being the "canon" for the disco mixer's art form. Pettibone is among a very small number of remixers whose work successfully transitioned from the disco to the House era. (He is certainly the most high-profile remixer to do so.) His contemporaries included Arthur Baker and François Kevorkian . Contemporaneously to disco in

23680-460: The next phase. Others such as Cabaret Voltaire and the aforementioned Jarre (whose Zoolook was an epic usage of sampling and sequencing ) were equally influential in this era. After the rise of dance music in the late 1980s, a new form of remix was popularised, where the vocals would be kept and the instruments would be replaced, often with matching backing in the house music idiom. Jesse Saunders , known as The Originator of House Music,

23865-706: The next. Due to these factors, on 20 July 2018, " Three Lions " by the Lightning Seeds , Frank Skinner , and David Baddiel beat the Lewisham & Greenwich NHS Choir record for number one chart fall and got the Guinness World Records' award for "largest chart drop from number one on the UK singles chart" by going from number one to number 97. In 2018, Future (publisher of "Louder Sound" publications such as Metal Hammer and Classic Rock magazine ) acquired Music Week publisher NewBay Media. Future ran

24050-469: The number-one position. The chart became a successful feature of the periodical; it expanded into a Top 20 format on 1 October 1954, and rival publications began compiling their own charts in 1955. Record Mirror compiled its own Top 10 chart for 22 January 1955; it was based on postal returns from record stores (which were financed by the newspaper). The NME chart was based on a telephone poll. Both charts expanded in size, with Mirror ' s becoming

24235-422: The original mix. The remix is also widely used in hip hop and rap music . An R&B remix usually has the same music as the original song but has added or altered verses that are rapped or sung by the featured artists. It usually contains some if not all of the original verses of the song however they may be arranged in a different order than they originally were. In the early 1990s, Mariah Carey became one of

24420-461: The original versions of songs. Thanks to a combination of guest raps, re-sung or altered lyrics and alternative backing tracks, some hip-hop remixes can end up being almost entirely different songs from the originals. An example is the remix of " Ain't It Funny " by Jennifer Lopez , which has little in common with the original recording apart from the title. Slow ballads and R&B songs can be remixed by techno producers and DJs in order to give

24605-574: The original, but he ended the remix with an ad-lib on the outro. Mariah Carey 's song " Heartbreaker " was remixed, containing lyrical interpolations and an instrumental sample from " Ain't No Fun (If the Homies Can't Have None) " by Snoop Dogg . A separate music video was filmed for the remix, shot in black and white and featuring a cameo appearance by Snoop. In 2001, Jessica Simpson released an urban remix of her song " Irresistible ", featuring rappers Lil' Bow Wow and Jermaine Dupri , who also produced

24790-438: The original. In 1997 a trance cover-version was released by German producer Talla 2XLC and in 1998 Choci and Mark Sinclair released their own hard trance reworking entitled What is Love? . Reviewing Drummond's book 45 for The Observer in 2000, Steven Poole labelled "What Time Is Love?" an "epic pop masterpiece". The Observer also described the "Pure Trance Original" as a "juddering rave anthem". On 14 July 2002,

24975-460: The others), which varied radically from their original sound and were not guided by pragmatic considerations such as sales or "danceability", but were created for "art's sake". In the 1990s, with the rise of powerful home computers with audio capabilities came the mash-up , an unsolicited, unofficial (and often legally dubious) remix created by "underground remixers" who edit two or more recordings (often of wildly different songs) together. Girl Talk

25160-476: The past ten years making pop music that is unmistakably R&B." Moreover, Jones concludes that "Her idea of pairing a female songbird with the leading male MCs of hip-hop changed R&B and, eventually, all of pop. Although now anyone is free to use this idea, the success of "Mimi" [ref. to The Emancipation of Mimi , her tenth studio album released almost a decade after "Fantasy"] suggests that it still belongs to Carey." John Norris of MTV News has stated that

25345-498: The peak it had reached the previous September), while " Honey to the Bee " by Billie Piper (following a tongue-in-cheek promotional push by Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles to test the new chart rules) reappeared at number 17 (nearly eight years after its original appearance on the charts). . This date also saw the reintroduction of maxi physical formats being allowed to have 4 unique tracks and 25 minute running times. In October 2008, P!nk broke

25530-410: The people who create cutting-edge music in such genres as synthpop and aggrotech are solo artists or pairs. They will often use remixers to help them with skills or equipment that they do not have. Artists such as Chicago -based Delobbo, Dallas -based LehtMoJoe , and Russian DJ Ram, who has worked with t.A.T.u. , are sought out for their remixing skill and have impressive lists of contributions. It

25715-416: The permission of the copyright owner where those derivatives are highly transformative and do not impact upon the primary market of the copyright owner. There certainly appears to be a strong argument that non commercial derivatives, which do not compete with the market for the original material, should be afforded some defense to copyright actions. Stanford Law professor Lawrence Lessig believes that for

25900-565: The piece occurs through the modulation of the main loops , the dub -like dropping of particular loops, and a recurring high-pitched refrain on two notes (B bending to F#). An Oberheim OB-8 synthesiser provided the instrumentation. Two discs of different "Pure Trance" mixes, numbered KLF 004T (green writing on a black sleeve) and KLF 004R (yellow writing on a black sleeve, and a cover sticker), were given low-key releases on 24 November 1988 and 24 July 1989 respectively. The cumulative popularity of KLF 004T in continental European clubs prompted

26085-435: The potential of "serial productions" of a piece to find markets and expand the tastes of listeners. In 1995, after doing " California Love ", which proved to be his best selling single ever, Tupac Shakur would do its remix with Dr. Dre again featured, who originally wanted it for his next album, but relented to let it be on the album All Eyez on Me instead. This also included the reappearance of Roger Troutman , also from

26270-612: The profusion of competing charts from the 1950s to the 1980s, but the usual list used is that endorsed by the Guinness Book of British Hit Singles and subsequently adopted by the Official Charts Company. The company regards a select period of the New Musical Express chart (only from 1952 to 1960) and the Record Retailer chart from 1960 to 1969 as predecessors for the period up to 11 February 1969, where multiples of competing charts (none official) coexisted side by side. For example,

26455-497: The publication monthly from March 2021, so a bespoke monthly Official Singles Chart Top 75 started to be published from this date alongside monthly albums charts and specialist/genre charts. On 1 January 2021, "Don't Stop Me Eatin'" by LadBaby dropped down the Official Chart Company's singles chart to number 78 and so became the first new track to drop out of the Top 75 ("hit parade") from number one. In doing so it broke

26640-636: The record for shortest stay in the hit parade for a number one single (as in The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles list of Top 75 singles chart records) with only one week in the Top 75. A week later, "Last Christmas" by Wham! became the first record to disappear completely from number one spot, exiting the Official Charts Company Top 100 chart with no placing on the chart (week ending 14 January 2021). As "Last Christmas" replaced "Don't Stop Me Eatin'" by LadBaby , which had dropped down

26825-544: The remix was "responsible for, I would argue, an entire wave of music that we've seen since and that is the R&;B-hip-hop collaboration. You could argue that the 'Fantasy' remix was the single most important recording that she's ever made." Norris echoed the sentiments of TLC 's Lisa Lopes , who told MTV that it's because of Mariah that we have " hip-pop ." Judnick Mayard, writer of TheFader , wrote that in regarding of R&B and hip hop collaboration, "The champion of this movement

27010-461: The remix."). In addition, the original version's beginning line "You remind me of something/I just can't think of what it is" is actually sampled from an older Kelly song, " You Remind Me of Something ". Kelly later revealed that he actually wrote "Ignition (remix)" before the purported original version of "Ignition", and created the purported original so that the chorus lyric in his alleged remix would make sense. Madonna's I'm Breathless featured

27195-410: The remixes his manager made after they had severed ties, because he claimed it was his "moral right" to turn these future remixing opportunities away if he had wanted to. The two parties reached an agreement in 2016 that kept Play Records from making any new remixes. 50 Cent tried to sue rapper Rick Ross in October 2018 for remixing his " In da Club " beat, due to their publicized feud. However,

27380-526: The research contract for the chart was put out to tender , with a new four-year contract beginning 1 February 1994 offered. Millward Brown, Research International and Nielsen Market Research were approached, and Gallup were invited to re-apply. In May 1993, it was announced that Millward Brown had been accepted as the next chart compilers, signing a £1-million-a-year contract. Virgin installed JDA EPoS terminals in September 1993, and began providing sales data to Gallup. Millward Brown took over compiling

27565-430: The rights holders). On 17 June 2022, "Running Up That Hill (A Deal With God)" reached number one on the UK chart and not only did Bush get a second number one, but also the OCC revealed that she had broken three of their chart records. With the gap of 44 years she eclipses Tom Jones's 42-year gap between " Green Green Grass of Home " going to number one and Jones being one of the acts on Comic Relief's "(Barry) Islands in

27750-452: The rules were amended to include maxi-singles with versions/remixes of one song lasting 40 minutes, standard four track/four song releases getting an extra five minutes playing time, and now four formats contributing to the chart position. Due to this ruling, ambient duo the Orb were able to have a Top Ten hit with "Blue Room" , a song that was three seconds short of 40 minutes. In February 1993,

27935-770: The same theme. An artist takes an original work of art and adds their own take on the piece creating something completely different while still leaving traces of the original work. It is essentially a reworked abstraction of the original work while still holding remnants of the original piece while still letting the true meanings of the original piece shine through. Famous examples include The Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol (modifies colors and styles of one image), and The Weeping Woman by Pablo Picasso, (merges various angles of perspective into one view). Some of Picasso's other famous paintings also incorporate parts of his life, such as his love affairs, into his paintings. For example, his painting Les Trois Danseuses , or The Three Dancers ,

28120-405: The sample consisted of 500 stores scanning barcodes of all record sales into an Epson PX-4 computer, and 650 other stores providing sales data through their own EPoS computerised tills . These computers were to be telephoned six times a week, providing the data to Gallup. In June 1991, the BPI reduced the number of eligible formats from five to four. In November 1990, the "Next 25" section of

28305-468: The singles chart to number 78 on 1 January, it was the first time in chart history that two back-to-back number ones had disappeared not only from the BBC Radio 1 Top 40, but the Top 75 as well (though as "Last Christmas" didn't have a chart placing, "Three Lions" is still credited with the record-breaking fall at Guinness World Records ). On 24 December 2021, LadBaby secured their fourth Christmas No.1 in

28490-455: The song appeal to the club scene and to urban radio. Conversely, a more uptempo number can be mellowed to give it " quiet storm " appeal. Frankie Knuckles saddled both markets with his Def Classic Mixes, often slowing the tempo slightly as he removed ornamental elements to soften the "attack" of a dancefloor filler. These remixes proved hugely influential, notably Lisa Stansfield 's classic single " Change " would be aired by urban radio in

28675-858: The song as a "refreshing rave that combines elements of hip-hop , techno, and pop." Dave Sholin from the Gavin Report wrote, "Carving a distinctive sound in any musical genre is difficult, but especially so in rap. The KLF is an outfit whose signature is totally unique and compelling. Top five across Europe and top three in England, here's a powerful followup to " 3 A.M. Eternal "." Dave Jennings from Melody Maker remarked that here, they "returns with beats, sirens and whoops intact, but with cod-Russian chants and spoof American patriotic choirs shaking its foundation. The whole bizarre concoction's brilliantly bonkers as usual." A reviewer from Music & Media commented, "As soon as you've decided - it's soul, they change into

28860-444: The song at the beginning and end of the video "You Know That Ain't Them Dogs' Real Voices". Indie artist Grimes has called "Fantasy" one of her favorite songs of all-time and has said Mariah is the reason there is a Grimes. M.C. Lyte was asked to provide a "guest rap", and a new tradition was born in pop music. George Michael would feature three artistically differentiated arrangements of " I Want Your Sex " in 1987, highlighting

29045-403: The song is substantively dissimilar in form (for example, it might only borrow a motif which is modified, and be completely different in all other respects), then it may not necessarily be a derivative work (depending on how heavily modified the melody and chord progressions were). On the other hand, if the remixer only changes a few things (for example, the instrument and tempo), then it is clearly

29230-554: The sun and never coming back." During the Pure Trance version's underground success, various cover versions and tributes appeared (some which were collected on The "What Time Is Love?" Story ). The most-well known is Dr. Felix's "Relax Your Body". Ragga Twins ' 1991 track Wipe the Needle opens with the iconic synthesizer riff from What Time Is Love? . In 1993 "What Time Is Love?" was covered by U.K. based American Noise/Art Rock band

29415-576: The three eligible formats, and at number 71 from sales in a fourth (12-inch) format. Subsequently, CIN sought to develop new marketing opportunities and sponsorship deals; these included premium-rate fax and telephone services and the chart newsletters Charts Plus (published from May 1991 to November 1994) and Hit Music (published from September 1992 to May 2001). Beginning in May 1991 Charts Plus featured singles charts with positions 76–200 (plus artist albums positions 76–150, Top 50 compilations, and several genre and format charts). In September 1992,

29600-411: The time). Following this, the BPI reduced the minimum price for cassette singles to influence sales figures. In September 1989, WHSmith began to send sales data to Gallup directly through electronic point of sale (EPoS) terminals. In January 1990, the BPI gave notice to Gallup, BBC and Music Week ; on 30 June 1990, it terminated its contract with them because it "could no longer afford the £600,000

29785-493: The top by another version of the same song, with two versions of "Answer Me" in 1953, two versions of "Singing The Blues" alternating at the top in 1957, and one-hit wonder Frankee having an answer record to the number one by Eamon in 2004. " Sausage Rolls for Everyone " made LadBaby join B*Witched as an act who managed to get their first four singles at number one (with LadBaby having no other hits in their discography), and beat

29970-590: The total of 44,739 sales rather than the 83,613 she would have done with an SCR listing. On 14 June 2022, it was revealed that the Chart Supervisory Committee (CSC) had given the record an exemption from the ACR accelerated decline rule, with the record now on an SCR listing, giving Kate Bush the chance to get another number one, more than 44 years after "Wuthering Heights" and the first number one for her own record label, Fish People (as EMI-Universal are no longer

30155-755: The track that has taken the longest time to reach Number 1 with "Running Up That Hill" first entering the chart in August 1985 and getting to the top 37 years later, beating Wham! by a year. The full regulations may be downloaded from the Official Charts Company website. To qualify for inclusion in the UK singles chart, a single must be available in one or more of the following eligible formats: There are minimum sales prices for all formats apart from on demand digital streams which may be from subscription or advertising funded providers. The streams were initially counted at 100 streams equivalent to one paid download or physical sale, but changed to 150 to 1 in January 2017. Starting with charts published 7 July 2017, tracks by

30340-452: The track, which retained the title track's rhythm and bass as a backdrop to extensive samples of Jimi Hendrix's " Voodoo Child (Slight Return) ". Another UK 12" featured instead the "Wandaful Mix", which sampled from Wanda Dee's "To the Bone". cassette single (UK, Australia), CD single (Belgium) cassette single (Australia), CD single (US) Key "America: What Time Is Love?" was released in

30525-560: The track. It samples the Kool & the Gang 's song " Jungle Boogie " (1973) and " Why You Treat Me So Bad " by Club Nouveau (1987). Released on July 12, 1999, " Always You " remix by Jennifer Paige , reached number six on the Billboard Dance/Club Play chart. The main single of " I Turn to You " by Melanie C was released as the "Hex Hector Radio Mix", for which Hex Hector won

30710-539: The vinyl record industry. Although record labels were not prohibited from releasing singles in more than three formats, they were required to identify the three eligible formats. This resulted in a reduction in the number of singles released in 7-inch format; the most common three formats were 12-inch single , cassette and CD , or a cassette and two CD versions. The ruling resulted in the Oasis single " Some Might Say " charting twice in one week – at number 1 with sales from

30895-480: The vocal tracks , but soon more sophisticated effects were created, dropping separate instrumental tracks in and out of the mix, isolating and repeating hooks , and adding various effects like echo, reverberation and delay . The German krautrock band Neu! also used other effects on side two of their album Neu! 2 by manipulating their previously released single Super/Neuschnee multiple ways, utilizing playback at different turntable speeds or mangling by using

31080-476: The way, he invented the breakdown section and the 12-inch single vinyl format. Walter Gibbons provided the dance version of the first commercial 12-inch single (" Ten Percent ", by Double Exposure ). Contrary to popular belief, Gibbons did not mix the record. In fact his version was a re-edit of the original mix. Moulton, Gibbons and their contemporaries ( Jim Burgess , Tee Scott , and later Larry Levan and Shep Pettibone ) at Salsoul Records proved to be

31265-471: The week ending 5 December 2024, the UK singles chart has had 1,433 different number one hits. The current number one single is " That's So True " by Gracie Abrams . Before the compilation of sales of records, the music market measured a song's popularity by sales of sheet music . The idea of compiling a chart based on sales originated in the United States, where the music-trade paper Billboard compiled

31450-428: The west, a CG Portrait Collection Disc was also included in the Saturn bundle. North American owners would get Virtua Fighter Remix for free if they registered their Saturns, while Japanese customers would later receive a SegaNet compatible version. Sega would also bring Virtua Fighter Remix to Sega Titan Video arcade hardware. Because remixes may borrow heavily from an existing piece of music (possibly more than one),

31635-429: The whole or a substantial part of the original material has been reproduced, copied, communicated, adapted or performed – unless a permission has been given in advance through a voluntary open content license like a Creative Commons license, there is fair dealing involved (the scope of which is extraordinarily narrow), a statutory license exists, or permission has been sought and obtained from the copyright owner. Generally,

31820-474: The youngest female solo artist to top the chart with her single "You Don't Know". As of 14 January 2022, she is one of nine female solo artists to have topped the chart before their 18th birthday (though none of these nine acts wrote their number one hit single-handedly, with that honour falling to 19-year-old Kate Bush with "Wuthering Heights" in 1978). In 1963, Merseybeat band Gerry and the Pacemakers became

32005-474: Was described by The Wire in 1997 as "a devastating protest-montage of helicopters , bagpipes and carpet-bombs ". NME declined to make "America: What Time Is Love?" 'Single of the Week', declaring it instead to be 'Single of the Millennium'. In 1997, "What Time Is Love?" was covered by the Williams Fairey Band, a brass band which under the stewardship of British artist Jeremy Deller pioneered

32190-411: Was no official singles chart. Record Retailer and the BBC commissioned the British Market Research Bureau (BMRB) to compile charts, beginning 15 February 1969. The BMRB compiled its first chart from postal returns of sales logs from 250 record shops. The sampling cost approximately £ 52,000; shops were randomly chosen from a pool of approximately 6,000, and submitted figures for sales taken up to

32375-557: Was once a web site which hosted hundreds of unofficial remixes of Björk's songs, all made using only various officially sanctioned mixes. Other artists, such as Erasure , have included remix software in their officially released singles, enabling almost infinite permutations of remixes by users. The band has also presided over remix competitions for their releases, selecting their favourite fan-created remix to appear on later official releases. Remixing has become prevalent in heavily synthesized electronic and experimental music circles. Many of

32560-467: Was re-released in the UK on 15 July 1991, during the peak of the KLF's chart success, along with both "Pure Trance" mixes of 3 a.m. Eternal . Key "What Time Is Love? (Live from Trancentral)" was released on 30 July 1990, and the single of remixes "(Remodelled & Remixed)" followed on 20 August 1990. The main B-side accompaniment of "What Time Is Love? (Live at Trancentral)" was the "Techno Gate Mix" of

32745-509: Was released in February 1992 in the UK, four months after it was first made available in the US. "America" has a markedly different tone to previous incarnations of the song: harder, heavier and more guitar-laden (featuring the riff from Motörhead 's song “ Ace of Spades" ). It opens with a protracted narration by the KLF's regular narrator Scott Piering , about the JAMs' odyssey of 992 to discover America . Like " It's Grim Up North ", it features

32930-616: Was released physically overseas, such as in Germany where the price of a record counted toward the chart position and not just number of units sold). In 2009, " Killing in the Name " by Rage Against the Machine became the Christmas Number One after English DJ Jon Morter and his wife Tracy launched a campaign to make sure that an act from the ITV talent show The X Factor was not number one for

33115-400: Was revealed to be the most popular track of the week in the United Kingdom and even though all versions (regardless of it being an album track, live version or remix) now counted to its chart position. Sales for the week had the number one record, Harry Styles' "As It Was", on an SCR total of 55,768 sales, compared to Kate Bush's number two on an ACR sales total of 44,739. Encumbered with ACR,

33300-448: Was said (by BBC Radio 1 presenters JK and Joel on 17 April 2005) that the incorporation of download sales resulted in an approximate doubling of singles sales for this week, but the impact of this doubling was not readily apparent at the top of the chart, although a few singles in the middle positions benefited. Initially, the British Association of Record Dealers was concerned that the popularity of downloading would siphon business from

33485-566: Was subject to less hyping. Additionally, Retailer was set up by independent record shops and had no funding or affiliation with record companies, but it had a significantly smaller sample size than some rival charts and had all the EPs taken out the listings between March 1960 - December 1967 (the data for the now 'Official' 1960s EP chart can be found in The Virgin Book of British Hit Singles ). On 12 August 1961, 14-year-old Helen Shapiro became

33670-457: Was the final track to be recorded by the KLF. Evangelists feature elsewhere in the KLF's music (including Chill Out , "What Time Is Love? (Remodelled & Remixed)," and "Fuck the Millennium"), as does gunfire (in the three "Stadium House" singles). Reviewing "America: What Time Is Love?", Melody Maker found that "the whole bizarre concoction's brilliantly bonkers", but questioned the KLF's strategy of recycling their songs. "America No More"

33855-421: Was the first number-one. In 2005, the BBC Radio 1 chart show was rebranded for the chart week ending 16 April, with the first singles chart now combining physical-release sales with legal downloads. Several test charts (and a download-sales chart) were published in 2004; this combination (within the official singles chart) reflected a changing era in which sales of physical singles fell and download sales rose. It

34040-521: Was the first of the KLF's upbeat "Stadium House Trilogy" and the single that introduced the KLF to an international mainstream audience, reaching No. 5 in the UK Singles Chart . It is a pop-house reworking of the Pure Trance Original, adding vocal samples, a new bassline, a new house rhythm and a self-proclaiming rap (performed by Isaac Bello ). The " Trancentral " in the subtitle refers to

34225-553: Was the first producer to change the art of remixing by creating his own original music, entirely replacing the earlier track, then mixing back in the artist's original lyrics to make his remix. He introduced this technique for the first time with the Club Nouveau song "It's a Cold, Cold World", in May 1988. Another clear example of this approach is Roberta Flack 's 1989 ballad "Uh-Uh Ooh-Ooh Look Out (Here It Comes)", which Chicago House great Steve "Silk" Hurley dramatically reworked into

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