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18-505: Alájar had 8 villages in the 19th century. Currently, only 4 villages are inhabited: El Calabacino , El Collado , El Cabezuelo and Los Madroñeros . Benito Arias Montano retired to La Peña de Arias Montano after his work on the Polyglot Bible and participation in the Council of Trent . This community receives many visitors each year. Here the bust of the great humanist and theologian of

36-499: A symmetrical composition with a base of six embedded semi-columns on each side framing a round arch, post-and-beam openings with square windows above and finally two massifs. The columns on pedestals are independent and carry some terse chapiters. The upper floor is constituted by a parallelepipedal central bulk with a central oval window. Three bells and a picturesque bluff complete the work. Benito Arias Montano Benito Arias Montano (or Benedictus Arias Montanus ; 1527–1598)

54-559: Is a natural monument of great historical and landscape value. The famous humanist Benito Arias Montano lived here, and the area was renamed after him so that nowadays it goes by the name of "Peña de Arias Montano." It offers incredible views of Alájar and everything south of the province of Huelva . Below is a network of caves among which is Palacio Osucro, a cave which currently remains closed. The Ermita de la Reina de los Ángeles (Reina de los Ángeles Hermitage) or Ermita de Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles (Our lady of los Ángeles Hermitage)

72-501: Is located within la Peña de Alájar. This sixteenth-century chapel is a building consisting of heterogeneous aggregations to a small temple. It consists of a nave, priest and dressing room, in addition to a vestry, housing and enclosures. The nave, with strong deformations to the floor has two pointed transverse arches that spring from pillars. It is located in front of the Hermitage. It consists of two semi-columns and an arc in addition to

90-506: The Bible , with the collaboration of many learned men. The work was issued from the Plantin Press (1572, 8 volumes) under the title Biblia sacra hebraice chaldaice, graece et latine, Philippi II regis catholici pietate et studio ad sacrosanctae Ecclesiae usum , several volumes being devoted to a scholarly apparatus biblicus . Arias was responsible for a large part of the actual matter, besides

108-555: The rabbinical writings, in disregard of the decree of the Council of Trent concerning the authenticity of the Vulgate , and confirming the Jews in their beliefs by his Chaldaic paraphrases. After several journeys to Rome Arias was freed of the charges (1580) and returned to his hermitage, refusing the episcopal honours offered him by the king. He accepted, however, the post of a royal chaplain , but

126-531: The Plantin printing press. For over two hundred years the Plantin press had a monopoly, granted by the papacy , for the printing of liturgical formularies, including in Spain. In 1562, suspected of heresy, Plantin fled to France for two years. At an auction of his press, friends bought up his equipment on his behalf. After 1564, when Plantin set up again in a new shop at the sign of De Gulden Passer ("The Golden Compasses"),

144-641: The general superintendence, and in obedience to the command of the king took the work to Rome for the approbation of Pope Gregory XIII . León de Castro , professor of Semitic languages at Salamanca , to whose translation of the Vulgate Arias had opposed the original Hebrew text, denounced Arias to the Roman, and later to the Spanish Inquisition for having altered the Biblical text, making too liberal use of

162-541: The life of an ascetic , dividing his time between prayer and study. In addition to the works written in connection with the polyglot, the most celebrated of which is Antiquitatum judaicarum libri IX (Leyden, 1593), Arias left many commentaries on various books of the Bible; also: Humanae salutis monumenta (Antwerp, 1571); a Latin translation of the Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela , and other works on widely varying subjects. He

180-602: The press is now the Plantin-Moretus Museum . It maintains a collection of printing tools and around 25,000 volumes related to the press. In 2001, the archives of Plantin Press were added to UNESCO 's Memory of the World Register . Like the printer Robert Estienne , Plantin exposed galley proofs of his works in front of his establishment and promised a reward to anyone who could find faults. Later Plantins were friends of

198-485: The printers mark of the House of Plantin. It often appeared in a vignette on the title page of books from the press, depicting a compass, angels, and the motto Labore et Constancia ("By Labor and Constancy") which epitomizes the life of the publisher. From about 1570 Plantin employed the engravers Jan Wierix and his brother Hieronymus. Plantin's successors continued the print at Antwerp until 1867. The building that housed

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216-472: The sixteenth century, engraved by Eugenio Hermoso on the occasion of his centenary in 1927, can be found. In 2011 Bollywood drew attention to this small town with the film Sólo se vive una vez (You Only Live Once, Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara ) from director Zoya Akhtar , the filming of the song " Señorita " from the film took place over three nights, which also featured locals dressed in costumes. Monumento Natural Peña de Arias Montano or Peña de Alájar

234-512: The spill nose tongs and some bursts of buttress walls. It lacks historical reference, however it has very clear affiliations within Renaissance architecture. Located at the edge of the plateau on which the Reina de los Ángeles Hermitage sits, in la Peña de Arias Montano is a picturesque steeple, accompanied by pilastered booth paths, circular and a penpal vault. The steeple has two levels: the bottom has

252-508: The universities of Seville and Alcalá , he took orders about the year 1559. He became a clerical member of the Military Order of St. James , and accompanied the Bishop of Segovia to the Council of Trent (1562) where he won great distinction. On his return, he retired to a hermitage at Aracena whence he was summoned by King Philip II of Spain (1568) to supervise a new polyglot edition of

270-529: Was a Spanish orientalist and polymath who was active mostly in Spain. He was also editor of the Antwerp Polyglot . He reached the high rank of Royal Chaplain to King Philip II of Spain . His work was censured by the Spanish Inquisition when rabbinical references were included into his Antwerp Polyglot Bible . He was born at Fregenal de la Sierra , in Extremadura , and died at Seville . After studying at

288-453: Was also celebrated as a poet, his verses being chiefly of a religious nature. [REDACTED] Media related to Benito Arias Montano at Wikimedia Commons Plantin Press 51°13′06″N 4°23′53″E  /  51.21829°N 4.39816°E  / 51.21829; 4.39816 The Plantin Press at Antwerp was one of the focal centers of the fine printed book in the 16th century. Christophe Plantin (c. 1520–1589) of Touraine

306-516: Was only induced to leave his retirement for the purpose of superintending the Escorial library and of teaching Semitic languages. He designed a world map which was included into his Antwerp Polyglot Bible which included texts in Greek, Latin and Hebrew. The map was influential in the history of Cartography as one of the first maps to include Tierra del Fuego as an island on South America. Montano led

324-579: Was trained as a bookbinder. He fled from Paris where at least one printer had recently been burned at the stake for heresy , and went to Antwerp. There he bound books, became a citizen, and by 1555 began to print books, at first for distribution by other publishers. The city was already an established center of printing woodcuts, engravings and books. Plantin took on an assistant, Jan Moretus (Moerentorf), who read Latin and Greek and could write correspondence in several modern languages. He became Plantin's business manager, son-in-law and eventually his successor in

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