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17-510: The Alto Juruá Extractive Reserve has an area of 537,946.47 hectares (1,329,294.7 acres). It is mostly contained in the municipality of Marechal Thaumaturgo in the state of Acre. Small parts are in the surrounding municipalities of Jordão , Porto Walter and Tarauacá , also in Acre. The reserve is bounded by the international border with Peru to the south. It adjoins the Serra do Divisor National Park on

34-479: Is divided into only 62 municipalities), and therefore they cover large areas incorporating several separated cities or towns that do not necessarily conform to one single conurbation. Southern and eastern states on the other hand, are divided into many small municipalities (e.g. Minas Gerais ), and therefore large urban areas usually extend over several municipalities which form one single conurbation. The Federal District cannot be divided into municipalities , which

51-451: Is dry land tropical forest with dense or open coverage, as well as periodically flooded alluvial forest. The forest has many species of palm trees and vines. 130 species of mammals have been recorded including 16 primate species, jaguar, puma, giant otter, tapir, deer and manatee. Reptiles include caimans and alligator. There 84 species of amphibians and 115 of fish. 527 species of birds have been identified including macaws, parrots, herons and

68-550: Is hilly with slopes from 3% to 20%. The Juruá River flows north through the western part of the Alto Juruá Extractive Reserve.The Tejo River flows from the east through the reserve to join the Juruá upstream of the settlement of Marechal Thaumaturgo , which is on the left bank of the Juruá just outside the reserve. The reserve is drained by a network of streams feeding these two rivers. The Alto Juruá Extractive Reserve

85-454: Is in the Amazon biome . December–February is the wettest period and June–August the driest and coolest. Average annual rainfall is 3,000 millimetres (120 in). Temperatures vary from 25 to 35 °C (77 to 95 °F) with an average of 30 °C (86 °F). Altitudes range from 250 to 300 metres (820 to 980 ft) above sea level. Vegetation is mostly lowland forest and campina . There

102-532: Is inside the reserve. Preparation of the management plan, which began in July 2009 with the support of the Norway Project, started to recover the motivation and reason for the extractive reserve. A credit committee was formed on 13 July 2010. The deliberative council was created on 21 July 2011. An inter-agency working group was established on 27 October 2015 to resolve the problem of intrusion of non-indigenous people into

119-482: Is why its territory is composed of several administrative regions . These regions are directly managed by the government of the Federal District, which exercises constitutional and legal powers that are equivalent to those of the states , as well as those of the municipalities, thus simultaneously assuming all the obligations arising from them. The 1988 Brazilian Constitution treats the municipalities as parts of

136-539: The Brazilian states . Brazil currently has 5,570 municipalities, which, given the 2019 population estimate of 210,147,125, makes an average municipality population of 37,728 inhabitants. The average state in Brazil has 214 municipalities. Roraima is the least subdivided state, with 15 municipalities, while Minas Gerais is the most, with 853. Northern states are divided into small numbers of large municipalities (e.g. Amazonas

153-640: The 846,633 hectares (2,092,080 acres) Serra do Divisor National Park , created in 1989. It contains most of the Alto Juruá Extractive Reserve , created in 1990, and 5% of the Alto Tarauacá Extractive Reserve , created in 2000. This Acre , Brazil location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Municipalities of Brazil Recent elections The municipalities of Brazil ( Portuguese : municípios do Brasil ) are administrative divisions of

170-447: The Arara do Rio Amonia Indigenous Territory, which overlaps with the reserve. Marechal Thaumaturgo Marechal Thaumaturgo ( Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾeˈʃaw tawmɐˈtuʁɡu] , English: Marshal Thaumaturgo ) is a municipality located in the west of the Brazilian state of Acre . Its population is 19,299 and its area is 7,744 km². The municipality contains 5% of

187-454: The Federation and not simply dependent subdivisions of the states. Each municipality has an autonomous local government, comprising a mayor ( prefeito ) and a legislative body called municipal chamber ( câmara municipal ). Both the local government and the legislative body are directly elected by the population every four years. These elections take place at the same time all over the country;

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204-763: The harpy eagle. Protected species include the Paititia neglecta butterfly. Rubber extraction began around 1890, with most of the tappers having migrated from the north east of Brazil. The level of extraction fluctuated due to booms and busts in demand. After the decline in rubber demand in the 1980s farming has become more important. The main economic activities in the reserve are rubber production and family farming, but residents also engage in hunting, fishing, extraction of forest resources, canoe building and manufacture of cassava flour. Communities vary in size from three to one hundred houses. As of 2011 there were estimated to be about 5,000 inhabitants. The Alto Juruá Extractive Reserve

221-504: The last municipal elections were held on 15 November 2020. Each municipality has the constitutional power to approve its own laws, as well as collecting taxes and receiving funds from the state and federal governments. However, municipal governments have no judicial power per se , and courts are only organised at the state or federal level. A subdivision of the state judiciary, or comarca , can either correspond to an individual municipality or encompass several municipalities. The seat of

238-405: The livelihoods and culture of the traditional populations, and to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. On 13 November 2003 INCRA recognised the reserve as an agro-extractive project for 567 families. After the reserve was created and the usage plan was defined there was a loss of motivation. The reserve became the focus of political disputes, since half of the municipality's population

255-649: The municipal administration is a nominated city ( cidade ), with no specification in the law about the minimum population, area or facilities. The city always has the same name as the municipality, as they are not treated as distinct entities. Municipalities can be subdivided, only for administrative purposes, into districts (normally, new municipalities are formed from these districts). Other populated sites are villages, but with no legal effect or regulation. Almost all municipalities are subdivided into neighbourhoods ( bairros ), although most municipalities do not officially define their neighbourhood limits (usually small cities in

272-564: The northwest, and the Riozinho da Liberdade and Alto Tarauacá extractive reserves on the northeast. It also adjoins the Arara do Rio Amônia and Kampa do Rio Amônea indigenous territories on the west and the Jaminawa/Arara do Rio Bagé, Kaxinawa do Baixo Jordão, Kaxinawa do Rio Jordão and Kaxinawa/Ashaninka do Rio Breu indigenous territories to the east. The reserve would be included in the proposed Western Amazon Ecological Corridor . The terrain

289-656: Was the first extractive reserve to be legally recognised in Brazil, and has its origins in the struggles of the labour movement in the Juruá Valley and the inclusion of environmentalism in the rubber tappers' cause. The reserve was created by presidential decree 98.863 of 23 January 1990. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio). The reserve is classed as IUCN protected area category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources). The basic objectives are to protect

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