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42-475: The B7 Bi-Turbo is based on the 750Li and uses a modified version of its 4.4-litre twin-turbocharged V8 engine designated the N63M30 . The engine is modified by the addition of modified twin-scroll turbochargers having larger inlet and outer dimensions and new compressors for an increased boost pressure of 1.4 bar (20 psi), replacement of the standard pistons with high-strength MAHLE pistons, new NGK spark plugs,

84-602: A stroke of 88.3 mm (3.48 in) [except for the Chinese market 89 mm (3.50 in) and a stroke of 80 mm (3.15 in)]. In 2012, a "Technical Update" was applied to the N63, resulting in the N63TU variants (also known as N63B44O1 ). The main upgrade was the addition of Valvetronic. Other changes include revised turbochargers, removal of the blowoff valve , lighter pistons, forged connecting rods and crankshaft, addition of

126-478: A valve cover labyrinth oil catch/return system, new valve stem seals, revised fuel system and addition of a second coolant pump. A second Technical Update occurred in 2016, resulting in the N63TU2 variants (also known as N63B44O2 ). The major changes are the use of twin-scroll turbochargers, a wider powerband and the oil/coolant heat exchanger being moved to within the "V" of the engine. A third Technical Update

168-591: A 200 rpm wider band. Applications: Applications: Applications: The S63 is the BMW M version of the N63, which debuted in the BMW X6 ;M and was used in the BMW M5 models from 2011 to 2023. The S63 uses two twin-scroll turbochargers plus a pulse tuned, cross-engine exhaust manifold to keep constant exhaust pulses flowing to the turbos at every 180 degree rotation. Applications: Applications: A technical update to

210-855: A linear system), so peak power is produced in the upper speed range where there's both high torque and high RPM. In turbocharged and supercharged engines with potential for abundant torque, an intake pressure regulation system often limits torque to a near-constant figure across the engine speed range to reduce stresses on the engine and provide consistent handling without decreasing peak power. Powerbands can surpass 14,000 RPM in motorcycles and some racing automobiles, such as Formula One cars . Such high speeds are reached by using lightweight pistons and connecting rods with short strokes to reduce inertia, and thus stresses on parts. Advances in valve technology similarly reduce valve float at such speeds. As an engine grows larger (its stroke in particular), its power band moves to lower speeds. In more common applications,

252-510: A modern, well designed and engineered fuel-injected , computer-controlled , multi-valve and optionally variable-valve timing -equipped gasoline engine using good fuel can achieve remarkable flexibility in automobile applications, with sufficient torque even at low engine speeds and a relatively flat power output from 1,500 to 6,500 RPM, allowing easy cruising and forgiving low-speed behaviour. However, achieving maximum power for strong acceleration or high road speed still requires high RPM. Though

294-467: A new air-to-water intercooler making use of short charge air intake paths to feed air to the air intake manifold, a revised cooling system with large diameter hoses for uninterrupted flow and additional external water and oil coolers. These modifications allow the engine to generate a power output of 608 PS (447 kW; 600 hp) at 6,250 rpm and 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) of torque between 3,000 and 5,000 rpm. 670 N⋅m (494 lb⋅ft) of torque

336-433: A power-splitting device such as a clutch or torque converter to efficiently achieve a wide range of speeds. A continuously variable transmission can also avoid the issues of a narrow power band by keeping the engine running at an optimal speed. In typical combustion engines found in vehicles, the torque is low at idling speed, reaches a maximal value between 1,500 and 6,500 RPM, and then falls more or less sharply toward

378-486: A rear-wheel drive layout only. As a consequence, this version of the B7 Bi-Turbo accelerates to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.2 seconds. Due to taxes on larger engines, the Chinese variant of the B7 Bi-Turbo is offered with a 4.0-litre V8 engine having a power output of 564 PS (415 kW; 556 hp) and 750 N⋅m (553 lb⋅ft) of torque. The Chinese B7 Bi-Turbo accelerates to 100 km/h (62 mph) from

420-401: A reinforced torque converter, an extra oil cooler and planetary wheels. The shift paddles are however replaced by shift buttons behind the steering wheel but the car can be ordered with the shift paddles as well. The B7 Bi-Turbo is available in all-wheel-drive drivetrain. Alpina has recalibrated the xDrive system used in the 750i especially the air suspension system which can be controlled using

462-460: A shorter stroke length of 80 mm (3.15 in), the capacity is reduced to 3,982 cc (243.0 cu in). Applications: The initial version of the N63 produces 300 kW (402 bhp) and 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft). Applications: The first technical update resulted in an increase of 31 kW (42 bhp) and 50 N⋅m (37 lb⋅ft). Applications: The second technical update resulted in peak torque being produced over

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504-446: A standard B7. Only 7 units of each of the three colours would be produced making the total production count to 21 cars. The B7 Exclusive Edition is sold through BMW Canada. The facelift model of the B7, based on facelift 750Li was unveiled on 11 February 2019. The power band of the engine is improved, with a power output of 608 PS (447 kW; 600 hp) between 5,500 and 6,500 rpm and

546-520: A standstill in 3.8 seconds and has a top speed of 315 km/h (196 mph). The B7 Exclusive Edition is a special edition model developed for the Canadian market. Introduced in 2018, the Exclusive Edition has significant changes over the standard B7 those being black chrome elements and badging on the exterior, deep black 21-inch Alpina Classic multi-spoke alloy wheels, black chrome exhaust tips and

588-468: A standstill, to 161 km/h (100 mph) in 8.8 seconds and can complete the quarter-mile in 11.9 seconds. The car has a tested top speed of 330 km/h (205 mph), although it is limited to 310 km/h (193 mph) in North America. The B7 became available in right-hand drive markets in 2017. The switch to a right-hand-drive variant needed different engineering, which is why it is offered in

630-497: Is N63M30A. Applications: An evolution of this engine, with better power delivery, is of the N63B44T3 type. Applications: In December 2014, BMW North America released a voluntary recall ("Customer Care Package") relating to issues with timing chain stretch, fuel injectors, mass air flow sensors, crankcase vent lines, battery, engine vacuum pump, low pressure fuel sensor and revising the oil service interval. In 2019 NHTSA addressed

672-402: Is a twin-turbocharged petrol V8 engine which has been in production from 2008 to present. The N63 is the world's first production car engine to use a "hot-vee" layout, with the turbochargers located inside the "V" of the engine. It is also BMW's first turbocharged petrol V8 engine. The engine has been widely noted for its mechanical issues, undergoing several recalls. The N63 replaced

714-716: Is a bespoke unit especially developed for the B7 with changing displays depending on the selected driving mode. Other creature comforts are the same as offered on the 750i. The exterior changes apart from the wheels include a front chin spoiler and a rear lip spoiler, integrated brake cooling ducts in the front bumper and recalibrated active grille shutters in the twin kidney grille. The B7 is available in Alpina Blue Metallic and Alpina Green Metallic exterior colours along with exterior colours offered by BMW. The B7 Bi-Turbo can accelerate to 97 km/h (60 mph) in 3.6 seconds and to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.7 seconds from

756-540: Is achieved at 2,000 rpm. The engine has a compression ratio of 10.0:1. The B7 Bi-Turbo has a specially-developed stainless steel exhaust system with quad-round exhaust tips and electronically-controlled bypass valves controlled by the Driving Dynamic Control knob near the gear selector. The B7 Bi-Turbo uses the same ZF 8-speed automatic transmission as used on a standard 750i but has a reprogrammed Alpina software for faster shift times. The transmission also has

798-467: Is finished in a customer specific colour. Several options are available for the interior trim, including the Alpina specific Piano black or Myrtle wood. A metal production plaque located on the centre console has the founder's signature and the car's production number. The interior also comes with floor mats having the Alpina logo, Alpina kickplates and illuminated Alpina door sills. The digital instrument cluster

840-405: Is produced, and ends below the redline after reaching maximum power (above 5,000 RPM but less than 7,000 RPM). Diesel engines in cars and small trucks may develop maximum torque below 2,000 RPM with the power peak below 5,000 RPM. A mechanical transmission with a selection of different gear ratios is designed to make satisfactory power available over the full range of vehicle speeds. The goal of

882-485: The BMW N62 (a naturally aspirated V8 engine) and was first used in the 2008 X6 xDrive50i. The S63 engine is the BMW M high-performance version of the N63. Alpina versions of the N63 are used in various F01 7 Series , F10 5 Series , G11 7 Series , G15 8 Series and G30 5 Series models. The airflow path through the engine uses a "hot-vee" layout, where the exhaust manifolds and turbochargers are located between

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924-505: The N54B30 , the initial N63 (including the S63) did not use Valvetronic (variable valve lift) because its benefit of reducing of intake vacuum is not as important in turbocharged engines. Due to the presence of turbocharging, the N63 does not use a variable-length intake manifold . The N63 is BMW's first V8 engine to use direct injection . The N63/S63 uses a bore of 89 mm (3.50 in) and

966-678: The 2018 M5. Applications: The P63 is the BMW Motorsport version of the N63, which debuted in the BMW M8 GTE . Alpina uses a variant of the N63 engine, which was hand-assembled at the Alpina plant in Buchloe before being transported to the BMW production line. For the 2013 model year, the Alpina engine received Valvetronic like all other N63 engines. Applications: Applications: Applications: Applications: Applications: The Alpina engine code

1008-478: The Dynamic Control knob. The suspension now has Active Comfort Drive with Road Preview, Active Roll Stabilisation and Integral active Steering on the rear axle. The all-wheel-drive system has a heavy bias towards the rear wheels. Integral Active Steering has a variable ratio electric steering system on the front axle and the active steering on the rear axle. The system works by steering the rear wheels opposite to

1050-587: The S63, known as the S63B44T1, debuted on the F10 M5 sedan. This version uses Valvetronic , a 10:1 compression ratio (compared with 9.3:1 for the non-TU version) and 1.5 bar of boost (compared with 1.3). It is the first BMW M engine to use Valvetronic. The rev limit was increased from 6800 rpm to 7200 rpm. Applications: The S63B44T2 debuted on the 2015 X5 M and X6 M models. Applications: The S63B44T4 debuted on

1092-567: The Sport + with the latter enabling the car to give maximum performance. The multi-spoke alloy wheels on the car measure 20x8.5-inch at the front and 20x10-inch at the rear wrapped in Michelin Pilot Super Sport tyres. 21-inch forged multi-spoke alloy wheels and tyres are available as an option, the use of conventional tyres over run flats is claimed to save 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) of unsprung weight per wheel (2.5 kg (5.5 lb)) from

1134-473: The choice of three exterior colours; Frozen Black, Frozen Grey and Black Sapphire metallic. The interior is upholstered in BMW Individual Merino leather with contrast stitching. Other changes to the interior include Alpina floor mats, Alpina embossed head rests and a special metallic plaque on the centre console signifying the car's production number. Other modifications and performance remain the same as

1176-517: The cost of lower efficiency). While engines and motors have a large range of operating speeds, the power band is usually a much smaller range of engine speed, only half or less of the total engine speed range (electric motors are an exception—see the section on electric motors below). Specifically, power band is the range of RPM around peak power output. The power band of an internal combustion gasoline automobile engine typically starts at midrange engine speeds (around 4,000 RPM) where maximum torque

1218-525: The cylinder banks (on the "inside" of the V8) and the intake manifolds are located on the outside of the engine. This is opposite to the traditional layout for a V8, where the intake is inside the "V" and the exhaust manifold is on the outside. The hot-vee layout reduces the width of the engine and decreases the exhaust runner length from the exhaust valves to the turbochargers. The engine uses air-to-water intercoolers, therefore improving throttle response. Similar to

1260-483: The front axle for better turn in at low speeds and turning the rear wheels in unison with the front wheels at high speeds for better stability. The calibrated air suspension lowers the car by 20 mm (0.8 in) at speeds above 225 km/h (140 mph) for improved performance. The suspension can also be lowered manually by the same height at low speeds or can be raised for ground clearance by 20 mm (0.8 in). The car has two new driving modes, Comfort + and

1302-404: The literal power band covers most of the operating RPM range, particularly in first gear (as there is no lower gear to shift down to, and no "flat spot" in which the engine does not produce any power), the effective band changes in each gear, becoming the range limited at the upper end by either the limiter, or a point roughly located between peak power and the redline where power drops off, and at

Alpina B7 (G12) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1344-487: The lower end the engine's idling speed. A typical road-going ("high-speed") diesel has a narrower band, generating peak torque at lower RPM (often 1,500–2,000 RPM) but also with a sharper fall-off below this, and reaching peak power around 3500-4500 RPM, again rapidly losing strength above this speed. Turbocharged diesel engines with turbo lag (narrowed, exaggerated power band intrinsic to most turbocharged engines) may display this characteristic even more markedly. Therefore,

1386-678: The manufacturer's (or purchaser's/modifier's) choice of gearing, and appropriate use of the available ratios, is even more crucial to make best use of the available power and avoid being "bogged down" in flat spots. Larger diesel engines in locomotives and some watercraft use diesel-electric drives. This eliminates the complexities of extremely low gearing, as described below. The largest ("low-speed") diesels—large generators on land and marine diesels at sea—may turn at only hundreds of RPM or even below, with idling speeds of 20-30 RPM. These engines are usually two-stroke diesel engines . Electric motors are unique in many ways, especially when it comes to

1428-480: The maximum 800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) torque now being available from 2,000 rpm. The car can accelerate from 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.6 seconds whilst the top speed is 330 km/h (205 mph). The 0–200 km/h (124 mph) acceleration has improved and is now achieved in 11.7 seconds instead of 12.5 seconds. The car was presented to the public at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show and deliveries began in July of

1470-514: The multitude of issues with BMW N63 engines, various class action lawsuits in tow, and never officially declared a mass recall in regard to valve seal issues inherent in the N63 line. Power band The power band of an internal combustion engine or electric motor is the range of operating speeds under which the engine or motor is able to output the most power , that is, the maximum energy per unit of time. This usually means that maximum acceleration can be achieved inside this band (often at

1512-510: The power band. The exact characteristics vary greatly with the type of electric motor. The maximum torque of a universal motor (vacuum cleaner, small machines, drills, starter motors) occurs at zero rotation rate (when stalled) and falls for higher RPM. For induction motors connected to a fixed frequency AC source (most common in large applications), the maximum torque is usually just below the synchronous RPM, sinks to zero for this RPM and becomes negative above it (induction generator); at low RPM

1554-532: The redline. Below the RPM of maximal torque, the intake air velocity and thus mixing of air and fuel is not ideal. Above this speed several factors start to limit the torque, such as growing friction, the required time for closing the valves and combustion, and insufficient intake flow. Due to increasing vibration and heat, an external RPM limitation may also be installed. Power is the product of torque multiplied by speed of rotation (analogous to force multiplied by speed in

1596-619: The same year. Like its predecessors, the current generation of the B7 is initially assembled alongside the 7 Series models at the BMW Dingolfing plant. The handbuilt engine is sent to BMW to be fitted in the car, the car is then sent back to Alpina for final assembly at Buchloe. The B7 is sold alongside the 7 Series at BMW dealerships in the United States but is sold exclusively through Alpina dealerships in Europe. BMW N63 The BMW N63

1638-410: The selection of gear ratios is to keep the engine operating in its power band. The narrower the band, the more gears are needed, closer together in ratio. By careful gear selection, an engine can be operated in its power band, throughout all vehicle speeds. Such use prevents the engine from labouring at low speeds, or exceeding recommended operating speeds. A narrow power band is often compensated for by

1680-696: The torque is usually slightly lower. Synchronous motors can be used only at the AC source synchronous velocity. In modern applications, synchronous and induction motors with electronic control of the frequency are used, e.g., brushless DC electric motors . In this case, unless external limitations are applied, the maximum torque is achieved at low RPM. For example, the AC motor found in the Tesla Roadster (2008) produces near constant maximum torque from 0 to about 6000 RPM, while maximum power occurs at about 10000 RPM, long after torque begins to drop off. The Roadster's redline

1722-518: The wheel 2 kg (4.4 lb) from the tyre). The brake discs measure 395 mm (16 in) at the front and 370 mm (15 in) at the rear. The callipers are four-piston fixed units at the front and two-piston floating units at the rear finished in Alpina Blue paint. The brakes are supplied by Brembo . The interior of the car is upholstered in Lavalina leather or Tartufo leather upholstery and

Alpina B7 (G12) - Misplaced Pages Continue

1764-403: Was introduced in 2018. Two variants are offered: N63B44M3 and N63B44T3. N63B44M3 features improved thermal shielding for the crankcase and the cylinder head, and a new ignition system. The N63B44T3 gains higher pressure (5000psi) injectors, larger twin-scroll turbochargers, a redesigned intake manifold, and an upstream cooling radiator. This smaller variant was sold in the Chinese market. Due to

#498501