55-520: Alfred Street is a street running between the High Street to the north and the junction with Blue Boar Street and Bear Lane at the southern end, in central Oxford, England . To the south is Christ Church , one of Oxford University 's historic colleges. The Bear is an historic public house located on the west side of Alfred Street at the southern end. A unique feature is a large collection of ties displayed on its walls and ceiling. Alfred Street
110-455: A missionary chaplain in 1735. Indeed, he took to signing his publications as "John Wesley, Sometime Fellow of Lincoln College". A portrait of him hangs in the Hall, and a bust overlooks the front quad. The room where he is believed to have worked is also named after him, and was renovated by American Methodists at the beginning of the 20th century. As is common with Oxford colleges, the college has
165-452: A 15th century college than any other in Oxford". This is mainly because both the façade to Turl Street and the front quad are still of only two storeys (although the parapets and battlements are of the 19th century). The college also owns most of the buildings across Turl Street from the college proper, in whole or in part, which chiefly contain student accommodation. The creeper that covers
220-531: A commissioned portrait of two members of staff who were not fellows or benefactors of the college, in commemoration of their work. Chef Jim Murden and butler Kevin Egleston have worked in the college's kitchen and buttery for 33 and 28 years respectively, as of 2010. Artist Daphne Todd was commissioned for the painting, who has had such previous sitters as the Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Spike Milligan . As part of
275-658: A full and varied programme of meetings, social events and sporting activities during term time and vacations. The MCR is located in the Berrow Foundation Building, completed in 2016 by design studio Stanton Williams . Notable former students of the college have progressed to careers in academia, business, politics and sports. Alumni include; John Radcliffe (renowned physician after whom the Radcliffe Camera , Radcliffe Infirmary , Radcliffe Observatory and John Radcliffe Hospital are named), Howard Florey (who
330-505: A long-standing rivalry with neighbour Brasenose College (which was founded by a later bishop of Lincoln, William Smyth ). The two colleges share a tradition revived annually on Ascension Day . The story goes that, centuries ago, as a mob chased students at the university through the town, the Lincoln porter allowed in the Lincoln students but refused entry to the Brasenose member, leaving him to
385-456: A noted botanist and later mayor of the city) moved to Oxford and set up a chemist's shop, Druce & Co., at 118 High Street. This continued until his death 1932. The Old Bank Hotel was the first new hotel for 135 years in the centre of Oxford. Quod Restaurant & Bar is also part of the hotel, located between the junctions with Oriel Street and Logic Lane . The architectural critic Nikolaus Pevsner wrote in 1974 that "The High Street
440-465: A one-time spy, revealed that fictional spymaster George Smiley was partly modelled on former Lincoln rector Vivian H. H. Green . At least one other recent Lincoln Rector, Sir Maurice Shock , enjoyed a prior career in British intelligence, although there is little evidence to substantiate the college's reputation as a recruiting ground for spies. In 1955, Paul Shuffrey , the civil servant and editor, and
495-521: A pointed sermon from the incumbent rector, Thomas Rotherham was compelled to give his support and effectively re-founded it in 1478, with a new charter from King Edward IV . In the 18th century, Lincoln became the cradle of Methodism when John Wesley , a fellow there from 1726, held religious meetings with his brother Charles and the rest of Wesley's 'Holy Club', whom the rest of the university took to calling 'Bible-moths'. His appearances at College became less frequent after he departed for Georgia as
550-560: A summer graduate course using Lincoln's facilities during the University of Oxford's long summer vacation. A clock donated by Middlebury stands in the Porters' Lodge. The college grace is read aloud at every formal hall , usually by a student. To encourage readers, students who read the grace twice in a term receive a bottle of wine. The college grace is in Latin. The college arms incorporate (1)
605-522: A television, kitchen, vending machine, daily newspapers, a DVD library and sofas) as well as the name of the body that represents said undergraduates to the senior members of college and on a university-wide basis. All undergraduate members of the college are automatically members of the JCR, unless they specifically express a desire not to be a part of it. Honorary membership to others is sometimes extended, but have limited rights compared to other members. The JCR
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#1732872552953660-555: A term, in 2nd week, 5th week and 8th week of each. The JCR was founded in 1854 as the Lincoln College Debating Society but was renamed in 1919 (although it continued to be referred to by its former name for some time after). From 1886, the society provided members of the Common Room with tobacco and cigarettes from its funds, as well as tea and coffee; however, "The President shall have the power to stop smoking while
715-526: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This England road or road transport-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . High Street, Oxford The High Street in Oxford , England, known locally as the High , runs between Carfax , generally seen as the centre of the city, and Magdalen Bridge to the east. The street has been described by Nikolaus Pevsner as " one of
770-414: Is made of cedar, and reportedly filled the chapel with the strong scent of cedar for around the first one hundred years of its existence. Much of the chapel was restored in a project beginning in 1999, having been deemed to be in unacceptable disrepair in the early 1990s, when a funding campaign began. The black slate and white marble tiles were repaired, cleaned and replaced where necessary, whilst most of
825-566: Is one of the world's great streets. It has everything." He may have been echoing Thomas Hardy 's comment in Jude the Obscure : "And there's a street in the place – the main street – that ha'n't another like it in the world." The following streets, also of historical significance, are off the High Street: Lincoln College, Oxford Lincoln College (formally, The College of
880-654: Is run by an Executive of ten officers, headed by the President, which is ultimately responsible for the JCR, whilst the JCR Committee comprises forty-two members and fulfils a wide range of duties, all aimed at the general improvement of the lives of and facilities available to the undergraduate body of the college. Members of the JCR Committee are elected by popular vote. Shabana Mahmood , the MP for Birmingham Ladywood, served as JCR president in 2000–2001. JCR meetings are held three times
935-484: Is stone and there is no modern accommodation annexe. To quote the Lincoln College Freshers ' Handbook, "Unlike most colleges, we have no grotty sixties annexe to spoil all the pretty bits". The college bar, Deep Hall (or Deepers ), is immediately below the great hall and used to be the college beer cellar. It is one of the oldest parts of the college, and the pillars inside it are perhaps the oldest feature of
990-534: Is used for the lane from the southern end of Alfred Street to the east. The origin of the current name, which has been used since at least the middle of the 19th century, is not known, but may mean King Alfred , the purported founder of University College, Oxford for many years. During the 19th century, it was host to the Oxford Gymnasium , designed by William Wilkinson and built in 1859 for Archibald MacLaren , an early physical education pioneer. The gymnasium
1045-782: The Boyle-Hooke plaque outside the Shelley Memorial ), the Examination Schools , the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art , the Eastgate Hotel (at the original entrance to the city) and the Botanic Garden . Queen's Lane Coffee House (at the junction with Queen's Lane ) was established in 1654 and was probably Oxford's first coffee house . This title is however disputed with 'The Grand Café' Coffee House, which claims that it
1100-527: The Turl is the historic traditional Covered Market , established in 1774. William Henry Butler , later Mayor of Oxford , was a wine merchant with premises in the High Street during the early 19th century. Edward Bracher , a pioneering Victorian photographer, had a shop at 26 High Street. Henry Taunt , another photographer, joined him as a member of staff in 1856. Taunt later returned to 41 High Street after
1155-500: The Bear Lane accommodation. On Museum Road near Keble College is a further accommodation complex. 12 terraced houses are officially called Lincoln Hall, but most commonly referred to as simply 'Mus Road'. The EPA Science Centre, named after Edward Abraham , was constructed behind them in the early 21st century and contains apartment-style accommodation, teaching facilities and the college's archives. A number of outlying houses make up
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#17328725529531210-616: The Blessed Mary and All Saints, Lincoln ) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford , situated on Turl Street in central Oxford . Lincoln was founded in 1427 by Richard Fleming , the then Bishop of Lincoln . Notable alumni include the physician John Radcliffe , the founder of Methodism John Wesley , antibiotics scientists Howard Florey , Edward Abraham , and Norman Heatley , writers Theodor Seuss Geisel ( Dr. Seuss ) and David John Moore Cornwell ( John le Carré ),
1265-599: The North Gate, having used it as a stand-in for the college chapel when necessary. Despite insufficient endowment and trouble from the Wars of the Roses (for their charter was from the deposed Lancastrian ), the college has survived and flourished thanks to the efforts of its fellows and the munificence of a second bishop of Lincoln, Thomas Rotherham . Richard Fleming died in 1431, and the first rector, William Chamberleyn, in 1434, leaving
1320-515: The Rector of the college was Walter Fraser Oakeshott , most famous for discovering the Winchester Manuscript of Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur in 1934 while an Assistant Master at Winchester College , and after whom Lincoln College's largest performance space is named. The academic Mark Pattison , elected as Rector of the college in 1861, is thought to have been the inspiration for
1375-715: The Torpid [a rowing eight entering a regatta in Hilary Term ] and the Eight [an eight entering a regatta in Trinity Term ] are in training." Tobacco and cigarettes are no longer available from the JCR, but tea and coffee are to be found in the JCR kitchen. The Lincoln MCR is the oldest (founded in 1960) of the Oxford MCRs. With around 350 graduate students in residence each year, the MCR organises
1430-426: The age damage was to be found in the woodwork, which was suffering greatly from poor ventilation and having been laid directly on to earth, resulting in worm and wet rot . Cracks in the enamel of the windows were also repaired where most obvious and disfiguring. The renovations were made with the intention of preserving the chapel's 17th-century character as much as possible. The chapel has remained much unchanged since
1485-486: The arms of Bishop Richard Fleming, the founder; (2) the arms of the See of Lincoln; (3) the arms of Bishop Thomas Rotherham, the second founder. The blazon is: The college guarantees all undergraduates three years of college-owned accommodation. Similarly, virtually all graduate students are provided housing for the duration of their studies. The college's housing stock is extensive and centrally located. About 50 students live on
1540-609: The building until 2.00 a.m. most nights; the Bodleian and faculty libraries have earlier closing times. It is kept up-to-date by regular purchases, and welcomes suggestions for books pertinent to studies. The upper reading room, or Cohen Room, has an elaborate plastered ceiling and the Senior Library (downstairs) holds some of the college's older books, including pamphlets from the English Civil War , Wesleyana, and plays dating from
1595-568: The character of Dr. Casaubon in George Eliot 's novel Middlemarch . The current Rector of Lincoln College is Henry Woudhuysen . He will retire at the end of the 2023/24 academic year. Lincoln was the first college in Oxford (or Cambridge) to admit a Jewish Fellow, the Australian-born philosopher Samuel Alexander (appointed 1882). Years after the success of his Cold War spy novels, novelist and Lincoln graduate John le Carré , himself
1650-516: The church spire collapsed in 1700, amateur architect and Dean of Christ Church Henry Aldrich designed a new church. It is believed, however, that on some of the later features of the church, particularly on the tower and spire, the work of Nicholas Hawksmoor , the Baroque architects , is to be found. The tower has a full peal of eight bells, which are regularly rung. Its library holds some 60,000 books. Graduates and undergraduates are able to work in
1705-422: The college was the first in Oxford or Cambridge to provide a Middle Common Room exclusively for the use of graduate students. Like many of Oxford's colleges, Lincoln admitted its first mixed-sex cohort in 1979, after more than half a millennium as a men-only institution. The MCR is now located in the Berrow Foundation Building, which was inaugurated in 2014. In 2007, the college took the rare step of unveiling
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1760-419: The college with few buildings and little money. The second rector, John Beke, secured the college's safety by attracting donors. By 1436, the college had seven fellows. John Forest, Dean of Wells and a close friend of Beke's, donated such an amount that the college promised to recognise him as a co-founder; it did not keep this promise. His gifts saw the construction of a chapel, a library, hall and kitchen. After
1815-413: The college's commitment to environmental sustainability , a dedicated Green Impact team was set up in 2021, which has since won an Oxford University gold award. Biodiversity initiatives across the college's various properties have led to creation of a wild-flower garden outside the entrance to the college library. According to Nikolaus Pevsner , Lincoln College preserves "more of the character of
1870-507: The college's front quad walls is Virginia creeper ( Parthenocissus quinquefolia ), dark green in the summer, through to scarlet in autumn, whilst being bare in winter. There are three quads: the Front Quad (15th century), the Chapel Quad (1608–1631) and The Grove (19th century), as well as a number of irregular spaces. Unlike many other colleges, all of the architecture of the college proper
1925-525: The college. The wine cellar is accessed through Deep Hall, and extends completely beneath the Grove. The Rector's lodgings in Turl Street are neo-Georgian and were built in 1929–1930; they are reached from within college through a gate in Chapel Quad, but have a main door on Turl Street. The college is known as being the setting for many literary works. C. P. Snow was inspired for his novel The Masters by
1980-588: The journalist Rachel Maddow , former British prime minister Rishi Sunak , Princess Elisabeth of Belgium , and Labour politician Shabana Mahmood . Mensa was founded at Lincoln College in 1946. Lincoln College has one of the oldest working medieval kitchens in the UK. Richard Fleming , the then Bishop of Lincoln , founded the college in order to combat the Lollard teachings of John Wyclif . He intended it to be "a little college of true students of theology who would defend
2035-579: The late 17th and early 18th centuries, as well as a small collection of manuscripts. The science library is also to be found downstairs. Access to the library is generally restricted to current students and staff at the college, although alumni may use the library if acceptable justification is provided. Lincoln College has visiting undergraduate student arrangements with Middlebury College , Simon's Rock College of Bard , Drew University , and National Taiwan University . The college also has ties to Middlebury College's Bread Loaf School of English , which runs
2090-530: The lease for his own shop premises in Broad Street expired in 1894. 83 High Street bears a blue plaque (10 October 2001) commemorating Sarah Cooper (1848–1932) marmalade maker, wife of Frank Cooper whose shop at 83–84 High Street was the origin of the Frank Cooper jam business (a brand now owned by Premier Foods ). The company made " Oxford Marmalade " famous. In June 1879, George Claridge Druce (also
2145-428: The literary critic Stephanie Merritt ), a historical crime novel. The college chapel was built in late perpendicular style between 1629 and 1631; its windows are enamelled rather than stained, which is a process of painting the windows then firing them, a complicated procedure. They are the work of Abraham van Linge , who was an expert in this technique. The east window of the chapel depicts twelve biblical scenes:
2200-466: The mercy of the mob. An alternative is that a Lincoln man bested a Brasenose man in a duel. Either episode resulted in the Brasenose student's death, and ever since, on Ascension Day, Lincoln College has invited in members of Brasenose College every year through the one door connecting the two colleges, for free beer as penance. Since the nineteenth century, the beer has been flavoured with ivy so as to discourage excessive consumption. Academically, Lincoln
2255-418: The mysteries of Scripture against those ignorant laymen who profaned with swinish snouts its most holy pearls". . To this end, he obtained a charter for the college from King Henry VI , which combined the parishes of All Saints, St Michael at the North Gate , and St Mildred's within the college under a rector. The college now uses All Saints Church as its library and has strong ties with St Michael's Church at
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2310-637: The north are (west to east): Lincoln College (main entrance on Turl Street , including All Saints Church , now Lincoln College's library.), Brasenose College (main entrance in Radcliffe Square ), St Mary's (the University Church), All Souls College , The Queen's College , St Edmund Hall (main entrance in Queen's Lane ) and Magdalen College (including Magdalen Tower ). To the south are (west to east): Oriel College , University College (including
2365-498: The remainder of the housing stock. Due to Lincoln's small numbers and tight-knit community, its Junior Common Room (JCR) plays a greater role in student life than do the JCRs of most other colleges. JCR elections, held in Trinity and Michaelmas Terms, attract one of the highest turnouts of any Oxford college. The JCR, like all JCRs in Oxford, is both a communal room for undergraduates (with
2420-493: The story of Mark Pattison , a fellow at Lincoln, whose enthusiastic hopes for Lincoln were frustrated by older, more conservative fellows of the college; Snow's story transposes the story to a Cambridge College. It was the setting for three episodes of Inspector Morse . Later, Lewis has used Turl Street in front of the college for filming. Lincoln College is the setting for much of the plot in Heresy by S.J. Parris (pseudonym for
2475-489: The street following the Gothic style. It was designed by T. Phillips Figgis . A new front and lobby were added in 1960, designed by Brian Smith . Pusey Street , also in central Oxford to the north, was formerly called Alfred Street, but was renamed to avoid confusion in the 1920s. 51°45′07″N 1°15′21″W / 51.7519°N 1.2558°W / 51.7519; -1.2558 This Oxfordshire location article
2530-501: The three quads described above, with over 100 more living in rooms above the shops on the other side of Turl Street. These include the Mitre rooms, formerly guest rooms of the Mitre Inn , which has been owned by the college since the 15th century. The accommodation was incorporated into the college in 1969, but the restaurants were left to the inn. Lincoln House, directly across from the college,
2585-623: The top six depict scenes from Jesus' life (including the Last Supper ), whilst the six below depict corresponding scenes from the Old Testament (including Adam and Eve at Creation and the whale spitting out Jonah ). The north windows show the Twelve Prophets , and the south windows the Twelve Apostles . The screen separating the ante-chapel (containing the organ) from the chapel proper
2640-416: The wooden figurines (of Saint Peter , Saint Paul , Moses and Aaron ) were placed on the front pews and the carved ceiling was installed in the 1680s. Perhaps the college's most striking feature, its library, is located in the converted 18th-century All Saints Church handed over to the college in 1971. All Saints church tower is a feature of Oxford's skyline, one of the city's " dreaming spires ". After
2695-424: The world's great streets ". It forms a gentle curve and is the subject of many prints, paintings, photographs, etc. The looking west towards Carfax with University College on the left and The Queen's College on the right is an especially popular view. There are many historical buildings on the street, including the University of Oxford buildings and colleges. Locally the street is often known as "The High". To
2750-875: Was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 for his role in large scale production of penicillin ), Edward Abraham and Norman Heatley (biochemists also instrumental in the development of penicillin), Philip May (husband of former Prime Minister Theresa May ), Steph Cook (Olympic gold medalist), William Davenant (poet), John Hobson (economist and influential theorist of imperialism), John le Carré (author), Rachel Maddow (political commentator and author), Dr. Seuss (author and illustrator), Nevil Sidgwick (chemist), Rishi Sunak (British Prime Minister ), Adebayo Ogunlesi (lawyer and investment banker), Deborah Bowman (medical ethicist), Edward Thomas (poet) and John Wesley (theologian). From 1954 to 1972,
2805-418: Was constructed in 1939 as an annexe. There were at one point vague plans for a bridge over Turl Street connecting the annexe to the college proper; these never materialised. Further accommodation is provided at Bear Lane (across High Street ). Donors Emily and John Carr gave to the college numbers 113 and 114 on the High Street, with land extending back to Bear Lane, which the college still owns and constitutes
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#17328725529532860-412: Was established in 1650 and stands opposite Queen's Lane coffee house. Despite an influx of chain stores in nearby Cornmarket Street , the High is home to a number of specialist independent retailers. These include Shepherd & Woodward (University outfitters), Payne & Son (goldsmiths), Sanders of Oxford (print sellers) and Waterfield's Books. To the north at the western end between Cornmarket and
2915-464: Was named Venella Sancti Edwardi in 1220. The name was taken from St Edward's Church, which was on the west side of the street, but was destroyed around 1500. In the 16th century, the street was known as Vine Hall Street . This name derived from Vine Hall , located near the rear of Christ Church. In the 17th–18th centuries, the name Bear Lane was used, after the Bear inn in the street. Nowadays, this name
2970-594: Was one of the top ten in the Norrington Table each year from 2006 to 2015 (excluding 2010 and 2011). Lincoln ranked third in the Norrington Table in 2021 and second in 2022. The college is associated with the Goblin Club, an exclusive all-male dining society founded in 1902. In May 2019, the JCR voted to extend a ban on the society on the grounds that it was perceived to be both elitist and racist. In 1958,
3025-461: Was used by William Morris and other prominent Oxford residents of the day. The building was later converted to a press by the Holywell Press and is now Blue Boar Court. A real tennis court used to be located off Alfred Street. Other real tennis courts in Oxford were located off Oriel Square and (still extant) off Merton Street . In 1916, St Columba's United Reformed Church was built in
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