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26-427: An air operator's certificate ( AOC ) is the approval granted by a civil aviation authority (CAA) to an aircraft operator to allow it to use aircraft for commercial air transport purposes. This requires the operator to have personnel, assets and systems in place to ensure the safety of its employees and of the flying public. The certificate lists the approved aircraft types, each registration number approved to fly,

52-726: Is not English) Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines ( CAAP , Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈkaʔap] ; Filipino : Pangasiwaan sa Abyasyong Sibil ng Pilipinas ) is the civil aviation authority of the Philippines and is responsible for implementing policies on civil aviation to assure safe, economic and efficient air travel. The agency also investigates aviation accidents via its Aircraft Accident Investigation and Inquiry Board. Formerly

78-633: Is referred to as an Air Carrier Operating Certificate in the United States and as an Air Operator Certification in New Zealand. The Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand 's Part 119 establishes Air Operator Certification rules for Air Transport Operations (ATO) and Commercial Transport Operations (CTO) . They provide two levels of certification: (a) AOC for air operations in all sizes of aircraft; (b) general aviation AOC for air operations in helicopters and aircraft with nine or less passenger seats. In

104-640: Is then empowered to make regulations within the bounds of the act. This allows technical aspects of airworthiness to be dealt with by subject matter experts and not politicians. A CAA may also be involved in the investigation of aircraft accidents, although in many cases this is left to a separate body (such as the Australian Transport Safety Bureau (ATSB) in Australia or the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) in

130-685: The Air Transportation Office , it is an independent regulatory body attached to the Department of Transportation for the purpose of policy coordination. Legislative Act No. 3909, passed by the Congress of the Philippines on November 20, 1931, created an office under the Department of Commerce and Communications to handle aviation matters, particularly the enforcement of rules and regulations governing commercial aviation as well as private flying. It

156-711: The CAA. On July 23, 1979, under Executive Order No. 546, the CAA was renamed the Bureau of Air Transportation (BAT) and placed under the Ministry of Transportation and Communications . On April 13, 1987, Executive Order No. 125-A renamed the Bureau of Air Transportation the Air Transportation Office headed by the assistant secretary of air transportation. On March 4, 2008, the Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2008

182-773: The Civil Aeronautics Act of the Philippines, reorganized the Civil Aeronautics Board and the Civil Aeronautics Administration. It defined the powers and duties of both agencies including the funds, personnel and the regulations of civil aviation. On January 20, 1975, Letter of Instruction No. 244 transferred to the Department of Public Highways the responsibilities relative to airport plans, designs, construction, improvement, maintenance as well as site acquisition. The responsibilities related to location, planning design and funding were later returned to

208-576: The Congress of the Philippines passed Commonwealth Act No. 168, or the Civil Aviation Law of the Philippines, which created the Bureau of Aeronautics. After the liberation of the Philippines in March 1945, the bureau was reorganized and placed under the Department of National Defense . Among its functions was to promulgate civil aviation regulations. In October 1947, Executive Order No. 94, which reorganized

234-622: The European Union and the European Free Trade Association. Member states continue to have their own agencies, which implement EASA rules. EASA has working relationships with non-member states including Armenia, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. It was renamed the European Union Aviation Safety Agency in 2018. This is a list of national and supra-national civil aviation authorities. (If the local language

260-519: The FAA downgrade, alleging that ATO needs ₱ 1 billion ($ 1 = Php 40), roughly around $ 25,000,000. Effective April 1, 2010, the European Union, following the FAA's lead, banned Philippine carriers from flying to Europe. EU ambassador Alistair MacDonald said: 'The commission considers that the supervisory authority is currently not able to implement and enforce the relevant safety standards, and decided therefore to ban from EU airspace all air carriers licensed in

286-1010: The Philippines being among such authorities. In other countries, private companies or local government authorities may own and operate individual airports. Civil aviation authorities do not regulate military aviation. Military aviation will typically have a completely separate personnel licensing system. In the United Kingdom, military aviation is regulated by the Military Aviation Authority . The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) refers to civil aviation authorities as National Airworthiness Authorities (NAA), particularly when referring to an authority in its capacity as an airworthiness authority; or sometimes as National Aviation Authorities (also NAA). EASA refers to them as National Aviation Authorities. The independent development of CAAs resulted in differing regulations from country to country. This required aircraft manufacturers in

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312-463: The Philippines until these deficiencies are corrected.'" On June 19, 2010, important navigation equipment at the Manila airport maintained by CAAP suffered technical problems. The VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) used by aircraft for navigating to and from the airport stopped working due to heavy rain and there was no available replacement. One had to be brought from another airport. On April 10, 2014,

338-544: The Philippines' rating to Category 2 from Category 1, since its Air Transportation Office (Philippines; ATO) did not fully satisfy international safety standards. Consequently, Philippine Airlines (PAL) president Jaime Bautista stated that its 2008 growth targets would be lowered. After emerging from eight years of receivership the previous year, PAL was prevented by the FAA decision from increasing US flights from 33 per week. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo dismissed acting Air Transportation Office chief Danilo Dimagiba after

364-525: The United States), to allow independent review of regulatory oversight. A CAA will regulate the control of air traffic but a separate agency will generally carry out air traffic control functions. In some countries a CAA may build and operate airports , including non- airside operations such as passenger terminals; the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal and the Civil Aviation Authority of

390-569: The United States, two certifications are required to operate an airline. Economic certification is obtained from the Department of Transportation, whereas operational/safety certification is obtained from the FAA. Both are required to operate an airline. According to the United States Department of Transportation , the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is to maintain an airline air carrier's operating certificate in

416-419: The approved flying purpose, and in what area the holder may operate (such as specific airports or geographic region). AOCs can be granted for one or more of the following activities: Low capacity operations is when operating aircraft with under 38 passenger seats, high capacity is greater than 38 seats. The requirements for obtaining an AOC vary from country to country, but are generally defined as: An AOC

442-452: The arduous process of gaining regulator acceptance for a new AOC. To this end, a failed airline can be sold as a going concern and then changed into another business. For example, Northwest Airlines bought FLYi airline's AOC to start Compass Airlines , now a feeder airline for Delta Air Lines marketed as Delta Connection . Likewise Strategic Airlines purchased the AOC, staff and routes of

468-458: The category of fitness. An air carrier must maintain the following three standards: adequate financing, competent management, a willingness to comply with applicable laws and regulations. At least 75 percent of airlines controlling voting equity must be held by US citizens. An AOC is valuable. It shows the relevant CAA's acceptance of the operator's personnel, infrastructure and procedures. In most jurisdictions an AOC may be sold or acquired to avoid

494-507: The downgrade and designated Department of Transportation and Communications secretary Leandro Mendoza as concurrent officer in charge of ATO. In addition, the Embassy of the United States in Manila warned US citizens in the Philippines "to refrain from using Philippine-based carriers due to 'serious concerns' about the ATO's alleged mishandling of the aviation industry." Dimagiba blamed lack of funds for

520-462: The failed OzJet airlines. Civil aviation authority Due to the inherent dangers in the use of flight vehicles, national aviation authorities typically regulate the following critical aspects of aircraft airworthiness and their operation: Depending on the legal system of the jurisdiction, a CAA will derive its powers from an act of parliament (such as the Civil or Federal Aviation Act), and

546-476: The government, transferred the Bureau of Aeronautics to the newly created Department of Commerce and Industry and renamed the bureau as the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). On June 5, 1948, Republic Act No. 224 created the National Airports Corporation which was charged with the management and operations of all national airports. On June 20, 1952, Republic Act No. 776, otherwise known as

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572-706: The office of Technical Assistant of Aviation matters was enlarged into the Aeronautics Division under the Department of Commerce and Industry, the functions of which were embodied in Administrative Order No. 309, a joint bulletin issued by the Department of Public Works and Communications and the Department of Finance. In October 1934, Act No. 4033 was passed to require a franchise from the Philippine government in order to operate an air service and to regulate foreign aircraft operations. On November 12, 1936,

598-770: The past to develop different models for specific national requirements (such as the BAe Jetstream 31 ), and impeded airline travel into foreign jurisdictions. The Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention) was signed in 1944 and addressed these issues. This then led to the establishment by the United Nations of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 1947 which now oversees member states, and works to implement regulatory changes to ensure that best practice regulations are adopted. The Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA)

624-554: Was amended by Act 3996 to include licensing of airmen and aircraft, inspection of aircraft concerning air traffic rules, schedules and rates and enforcement of aviation laws. From 1932 to 1936, there were no standard procedures as to the licensing of airmen, registration of aircraft and recording of various aeronautical activities connected with commercial aviation. There were attempts made to register planes and their owners without ascertaining their airworthiness and to record names of pilots, aviator mechanics and other details. In 1933,

650-637: Was founded in 1970, for cooperation between European CAAs. It published the Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR), to create minimum standards across agencies. It was replaced by the European Aviation Safety Agency and disbanded in 2009. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) was created in 2003 as an agency of the European Union, replacing the Joint Aviation Authorities. It standardises aviation regulations across

676-616: Was signed into law, which replaced the Air Transportation Office with the Civil Aviation Authority, an independent regulatory body with quasi-judicial and quasi-legislative powers with corporate attributes The Aircraft Accident and Inquiry Investigation Board (AAIIB), a division of the CAA, is the air accident investigation authority of the Philippines. On January 17, 2008, the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) downgraded

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