83-452: Agradoot ( lit. ' pioneer, harbinger ' ) was a group of Indian film technicians signing collectively as director, a phenomenon unique to Bengali cinema . The Agradoot core unit, formed in 1946, consisted initially of Bibhuti Laha (cameraman, 1915–1997), Jatin Datta (sound), Sailen Ghosal (lab work), Nitai Bhattacharya (scenarist) and Bimal Ghosh (production). The group was active up to
166-448: A Cannes award. Jurors are chosen from a wide range of international artists, based on their body of work and respect from their peers. The appointment of the president of the jury is made following several annual management proposals made in the fall and submitted to the festival's board of directors for validation. The jury meets annually at the historic Villa Domergue to select the winners. The most prestigious award given at Cannes
249-843: A Time in Calcutta , Ballabhpurer Roopkotha , Tonic , Byomkesh O Durgo Rahasya and many others. Detective films and family drama films have been the most popular and successful genre in this era. The success of detective films largely owes to the film adaptation of popular fictional characters like Kakababu , Byomkesh , Kiriti Roy , Mitin Masi and Tenida . Successful Bengali films are getting Hindi remakes in Bollywood, Marathi remakes and Malayalam remakes ( Gang of Ghosts , Salt Mango Tree , Welcome Zindagi , Ravanasura , Jalebi , Begum Jaan , Cirkus (film) , Meri Awas Suno , Shastry Viruddh Shastry ). Also, Bengali films have in
332-628: A committee in West Bengal's Tollywood has been proposed to the Chief Minister. Tollywood was the very first Hollywood-inspired name , dating back to a 1932 article in the American Cinematographer by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who was involved in the production of the first Indian sound film. He gave the industry the name Tollywood because the Tollygunge district in which it
415-408: A dedicated venue for the event. Hollywood stars of the moment like Gary Cooper , Cary Grant , Tyrone Power , Douglas Fairbanks Jr. , Marlene Dietrich , Mae West , Norma Shearer , Paul Muni , James Cagney , Spencer Tracy , and George Raft arrived thanks to an Ocean liner chartered by MGM ( Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ). On 31 August, the opening night gala took place with the private screening of
498-580: A large, even disproportionate, representation in Indian cinema during this period. They produced directors like Satyajit Ray , Mrinal Sen , Tarun Majumdar , Tapan Sinha . Satyajit Ray is an Academy Honorary Award winner and the recipient of India's and France's greatest civilian honours, the Bharat Ratna and Legion of Honor respectively, and Mrinal Sen is the recipient of the French distinction of Commander of
581-414: A president, after his last term, becomes the honorary president of the festival. The general delegate is responsible for the coordination of the events. When Gilles Jacob passed from general delegate to the position of the president, in 2001, two new positions were created to take over his former post, the general director to oversee the smooth running of the event, and the artistic director, responsible for
664-560: A specific elite market. One of the earliest known studios was the East India Film Company . The first Bengali film to be made as a talkie was Jamai Shashthi , released in 1931. At this time the early heroes of the Bengali film industry like Pramathesh Barua and Debaki Bose were at the peak of their popularity. Barua also directed movies, exploring new dimensions in Indian cinema. Debaki Bose directed Chandidas in 1932; this film
747-557: A tremendous debt to the Apu trilogy ". Kanchenjungha (1962) introduced a narrative structure that resembles later hyperlink cinema . Ray's 1967 script for a film to be called The Alien , which was eventually cancelled, is widely believed to have been the inspiration for Steven Spielberg 's E.T. (1982). Ira Sachs ' Forty Shades of Blue (2005) was a loose remake of Charulata (1964), and in Gregory Nava 's My Family (1995),
830-1221: A unique acting style. The 2000s marked the rise of many new actors, among whom Jeet and Dev became superstars. After 2007s, new actors like Ankush Hazra , Abir Chatterjee , Parambrata Chatterjee , Anirban Bhattacharya , Ritwick Chakraborty and Soham Chakraborty have gained popularity. Actress as Debashree Roy , Rituparna Sengupta , Indrani Haldar , Rachna Banerjee , Mahua Roychoudhury , Sreelekha Mitra , Satabdi Roy , Raima Sen , Priyanka Upendra , Srabanti Chatterjee , Koel Mallick , Swastika Mukherjee and June Malia became popular. Successful Bengali films are getting Hindi remakes in Bollywood remakes ( Bemisal , Ijaazat , Rahgir , Balika Badhu , Saaheb Isi Ka Naam Zindagi , Chhoti Bahoo , Khoj , Shatru (1986 film) , Angoor ) During this period, Megastars such as Prosenjit Chatterjee , Mithun Chakraborty , Soumitra Chatterjee , Jishu Sengupta , Anjan Dutta , Parambrata Chatterjee , and later, Dev , Jeet , Abir Chatterjee , Ankush Hazra , Anirban Bhattacharya , Jeetu Kamal have been active. Among them Prosenjit Chatterjee , Mithun Chakraborty , Dev and Jeet have gained immense popularity and are considered as
913-454: A worldwide impact, with filmmakers such as Martin Scorsese , James Ivory , Abbas Kiarostami , Elia Kazan , François Truffaut , Carlos Saura , Isao Takahata , Wes Anderson and Danny Boyle being influenced by his cinematic style, and many others such as Akira Kurosawa praising his work. The "youthful coming-of-age dramas that have flooded art houses since the mid-fifties owe
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#1732891904005996-595: Is Internationally Acclaimed for Cult Classic films as Antarjali Jatra , Padma Nadir Majhi , Moner Manush and many more. Prabhat Ray is popular for Romantic Family drama for Lathi . Majumdar, Mukhopadhyay, and Choudhury were the pioneers in the mid-1980s to 1990s taste of Bengali films. In the 1980s and 2007s, the most popular male Bengali actors were Prosenjit Chatterjee , Tapas Paul , Mithun Chakraborty , Victor Banerjee , Chiranjeet Chakraborty , Jisshu Sengupta , Sabyasachi Chakraborty , Ranjit Mallick , Tota Roy Chowdhury and Abhishek Chatterjee , each with
1079-692: Is also credited as one of the pioneers of advertisement films in India. The first Bengali-language movie was the silent feature Billwamangal , produced by the Madan Theatre Company of Calcutta and released on 8 November 1919, only six years after the first full-length Indian feature film, Raja Harish Chandra , was released. The early beginnings of the "talking film" industry go back to the early 1930s when it came to British India , and to Calcutta. The movies were originally made in Urdu or Persian to accommodate
1162-470: Is famous for Youth Characterization of Interview , Calcutta 71 . Rabi Ghosh and Anil Chatterjee is a notable actor for his Versatile Acting which impressed the Audience in short time. In the 1960s, Bengal saw a host of talented actresses like Aparna Sen , Sharmila Tagore , Madhabi Mukherjee , Sandhya Roy and, Supriya Devi and Jayashree Kabir . Aparna Sen was one of the most successful actresses of
1245-433: Is internationally known for his acting in movies and plays, especially Shakespearean plays. Bhanu Bandopadhyay , Rabi Ghosh , and Anup Kumar were best known for their comic timing, and with their versatile acting talent they stunned the audience and critics. The pioneers in Bengali film music include Raichand Boral , Pankaj Mullick , and K. C. Dey , all associated with New Theatres Calcutta . The greatest composers of
1328-493: Is noted for its breakthrough in recording sound. Sound recordist Mukul Bose found a solution to the problem of spacing out dialogue and frequency modulation. The Bengali film industry has made significant contributions to the cinema of India . The first Bengali talkies were the short film Jamai Shashthi released on 11 April 1931 at Crown Cinema Hall in Calcutta, and full-length feature Dena Paona released on 30 December 1931 at Chitra Cinema Hall in Calcutta. The industry
1411-814: Is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals , the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India . It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus). The National Film Awards , established in 1954, are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the Indian cinema . The ceremony also presents awards for films in various regional languages . Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Film Festival ( / k æ n / ; French: Festival de Cannes , [fɛstival də kan] ), until 2003 called
1494-637: Is one of the "Big Three" major European film festivals, alongside Venice and Berlin , as well as one of the "Big Five" major international film festivals, alongside Venice, Berlin, Toronto and Sundance . Despite the festival's popularity over critically-acclaimed films and Academy Award considerations, its reputation gained notoriety for introducing transgressive films—most notably each films behind New French Extremity as well as films of Michael Haneke and Lars von Trier —generated harsh criticism and controversy, extensive theatrical screening, lack of diversity, protests and various scandals continued over
1577-648: Is quoted to have said: "The Cannes Festival should be a no man's land in which politics has no place. It should be a simple meeting between friends." In 1962, the International Critics' Week was born, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors from all over the world, not succumbing to commercial tendencies. In 1965 Olivia de Havilland
1660-595: Is the Palme d'Or ("Golden Palm") for the best film. The festival has become an important showcase for European films . Jill Forbes and Sarah Street argue in European Cinema: An Introduction ( ISBN 0333752104 ), that Cannes "became...extremely important for critical and commercial interests and for European attempts to sell films on the basis of their artistic quality" (page 20). Forbes and Street also point out that, along with other festivals such as
1743-462: The #MeToo movement that arose out of the Harvey Weinstein scandal , in 2018, Cannes Film Festival officials announced the creation of a telephone hotline during the festival in which victims could report incidents of sexual harassment and other crimes. The hotline is in collaboration with the French government. General Delegate Thierry Frémaux reportedly "banned" selfies on the red carpet of
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#17328919040051826-476: The Bengali language . It was this "chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables," Holly and Tolly, that led to the name "Tollywood" being coined. The name "Tollywood" went on to be used as a nickname for the Bengali film industry by the popular Kolkata -based Junior Statesman youth magazine, establishing a precedent for other film industries to use similar-sounding names. Tollywood later went on to inspire
1909-557: The Caméra d'Or award, for the best first film of any of the main events, and the Un Certain Regard section, for the non-competitive categories. Other changes were the decrease of length of the festival down to thirteen days, thus reducing the number of selected films; also, until that point the Jury was composed by Film Academics, and Jacob started to introduce celebrities and professionals from
1992-522: The Herbie films (1967–2005) and Bari Theke Paliye (1958) resembled François Truffaut 's The 400 Blows (1959). Other eminent Bengali filmmakers included the trio of Tapan Sinha , Ajoy Kar and Tarun Majumdar , collectively referred as "TAT". Their films have been well known for Best Literature Adaptation and displaying larger than life perspectives. Ajoy Kar directorial numerous films created many new milestones and broke existing box office records in
2075-582: The Indian National Film Awards as well as international acclaim. Ever since Satyajit Ray 's Pather Panchali (1955) was awarded Best Human Document at the 1956 Cannes Film Festival , Bengali films frequently appeared in international fora and film festivals for the next several decades. This allowed Bengali filmmakers to reach a global audience. The most influential among them was Satyajit Ray, whose films became successful among European, American and Asian audiences. His work subsequently had
2158-679: The International Film Festival ( Festival international du film ), is an annual film festival held in Cannes , France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries , from all around the world. Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually (usually in May) at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès . The festival was formally accredited by the FIAPF in 1951. Cannes
2241-1200: The Order of Arts and Letters and the Russian Order of Friendship . The revival in Bengali Mainstream cinema dates from the rise of directors such as Tarun Majumdar along with Arabinda Mukhopadhyay and Shakti Samanta . Other prominent filmmakers in the Bengali film industry at the time included Ritwik Ghatak , Mrinal Sen , Tapan Sinha and Ajoy Kar . The Bengali film industry has produced classics such as Nagarik (1952), The Apu Trilogy (1955–1959), Kabuliwala (1957), Jalsaghar (1958), Ajantrik (1958), Neel Akasher Neechey (1959), Devi (1960), Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960), Saptapadi (1961), Jhinder Bondi (1961), Saat Pake Bandha (1963), Jatugriha (1964), Atithi (1965), Hatey Bazarey (1967), Malyadan (1971), Nimantran (1971), Shriman Prithviraj (1973), Calcutta trilogies (1971–1976), Mrigayaa (1976), Ganadevata (1978), etc. In particular, Calcutta trilogies , The Apu Trilogy , Shriman Prithviraj , Saptapadi are frequently listed among
2324-564: The Second World War . The French government ordered a general mobilization and this prevented the festival from continuing so it was finally cancelled. In 1946, the festival was relaunched and from 20 September to 5 October 1946, twenty-one countries presented their films at the First Cannes International Film Festival , which took place at the former Casino of Cannes. In 1947, amid serious problems of efficiency,
2407-472: The Tollygunge region of Kolkata , West Bengal , India . The origins of the nickname Tollywood, a portmanteau of the words Tollygunge and Hollywood , dates back to 1932. It was a historically important film industry, at one time the centre of Indian film production. The Bengali film industry is known for producing many of Indian cinema 's most critically acclaimed global Parallel Cinema and art films , with several of its filmmakers gaining prominence at
2490-558: The Venice Film Festival and Berlin International Film Festival , Cannes offers an opportunity to determine a particular country's image of its cinema and generally foster the notion that European cinema is "art" cinema. Additionally, given massive media exposure, the non-public festival is attended by many stars and is a popular venue for film producers to launch their new films and to attempt to sell their works to
2573-554: The greatest films of all time . The most well-known Bengali superstar to date has been Uttam Kumar while Suchitra Sen is regarded as the most beautiful and influential actress of Bengali cinema. Kumar and Sen were known as "The Eternal Pair" in the late 1950s. This pair worked in the 1961 epic Romantic drama Saptapadi (1961 film) by Kar besides others. Suchitra Sen got her first International Award for Saat Pake Bandha (1963) by Kar . Apart from Sen, Sabitri Chatterjee and Sumitra Devi were very popular actresses of
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2656-577: The 1950s. Soumitra Chatterjee is a notable actor who acted in many films in different genres. He was considered as a rival to Uttam Kumar in the 1960s. Soumitra is famous for the characterisation of Feluda in Sonar Kella (1974) and Joi Baba Felunath . Ganadevata, written and directed by Ray and Ganadevata (1978), Directed by Tarun Majumdar . He also played the adult version of Apu in The World of Apu (1959), directed by Ray. In 70's, Ranjit Mallick
2739-423: The 60's being Saptapadi by Kar , Jhinder Bondi (1961) by Sinha , Saat Pake Bandha by Kar , The Adventures of Goopy And Bagha (1968) at Rs. 600,000 ($ 80,000) and Shatranj Ke Khilari (1977) at Rs. 6 million ($ 230,000). Bombaiyer Bombete , produced by Ramoji Films at a cost of Rs 8 million, recovered its costs within three weeks and earned 20 million in all. The movie has brought back
2822-540: The American film The Hunchback of Notre Dame starring Charles Laughton and Maureen O'Hara and directed by William Dieterle . The next day, on 1 September, German troops invaded Poland . As a result, the festival was postponed for 10 days and it would be resumed if the circumstances allowed it. However, the situation only worsened and on 3 September, France and the United Kingdom declared war against Germany, sparking
2905-411: The Cannes Film Festival. These include "Heelgate" in which numerous female attendees of a red carpet premiere were stopped from entering in 2015 for wearing flat soled shoes instead of high heels . The incident caused numerous female celebrities to wear flat soled shoes or no shoes at all to other red carpet premieres in a show of solidarity and protest. As a result of the past sexual controversies and
2988-619: The Century" critics' poll also included The Apu Trilogy (ranked No. 5 if votes are combined). In 2005, The Apu Trilogy was also included in Time 's All-Time 100 Movies list. In 1992, the Sight & Sound Critics' Poll ranked Ray at No. 7 in its list of "Top 10 Directors" of all time, and Days and Nights in the Forest (ranked No. 81 in 1982). The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali
3071-746: The Festival in Buenos Aires, as La Semana de Cine del Festival de Cannes , and in 2010, he created the Cannes Court Métrage for the Short Film competition. On 20 March 2020, organizers announced the postponement of the Cannes Film Festival 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic ; the festival was later cancelled outright. Spike Lee, director of Do the Right Thing and BlacKkKlansman , had been chosen to lead
3154-474: The Festival. In his term, the Festival started including films from more countries, like Philippines, China, Cuba, Australia, India, New Zealand and Argentina. In 1987, for the first time of the Festival, a red carpet was placed at the entrance of the Palais. In 1989, during the first Cinéma & liberté forum, hundred directors from many countries signed a declaration "against all forms of censorship still existing in
3237-621: The Forest (ranked No. 81 in 1982). The 2002 Sight & Sound critics' and directors' poll also included the Ritwik Ghatak films Meghe Dhaka Tara (ranked #231) and Komal Gandhar (ranked #346). In 1998, the critics' poll conducted by the Asian film magazine Cinemaya included The Apu Trilogy (ranked No. 1 if votes are combined), Ray's Charulata and The Music Room (both tied at #11), and Ghatak's Subarnarekha (also tied at #11). In 1999, The Village Voice top 250 "Best Film of
3320-467: The French desire to compete with the Venice Film Festival , which at the time was the only international film festival and had shown a lack of impartiality with its fascist bias during those years. The political interference seemed evident in the 1937 edition when Benito Mussolini meddled to ensure that French pacifist film La Grande Illusion would not win. The last straw was in the 1938 event when Mussolini and Adolf Hitler respectively overruled
3403-669: The Golden Era. The cinematographer Subrata Mitra , who made his debut with Ray's The Apu Trilogy , also had an important influence on cinematography across the world. One of his most important techniques was bounce lighting , to recreate the effect of daylight on sets. He pioneered the technique while filming Aparajito (1956), the second part of The Apu Trilogy . Some of the experimental techniques which Satyajit Ray pioneered include photo-negative flashbacks and X-ray digressions while filming Pratidwandi (1972). Following Kerela's Hema committee, similar proposal for setting up
Agradoot - Misplaced Pages Continue
3486-581: The Golden Era. She became the leading heroine of the 1970s and since 1981 she has been directing films. One of the most well-known Bengali actresses was Sharmila Tagore , who debuted in Ray's The World of Apu , and became a major actress in Bengali cinema as well as Bollywood. Despite Suchitra Sen being the greatest actress, Sharmila was the most commercially successful actress in history with films like The World of Apu (1959), Devi (1960), Nayak (1966), Simabaddha (1967), and Aranyer Dinratri (1970). Utpal Dutt
3569-524: The State for facilities pushing up costs, poor marketing and distribution, and increasing competition from Bangladeshi films . A number of Satyajit Ray films appeared in the Sight & Sound Critics' Poll of all-time greatest films , including The Apu Trilogy (ranked No. 4 in 1992 if votes are combined), The Music Room (ranked No. 27 in 1992), Charulata (ranked No. 41 in 1992) and Days and Nights in
3652-491: The Years of Fire marking this turn. In some cases, these changes helped directors like Andrei Tarkovsky overcome problems of censorship in their own country. Also, until that time, the different countries chose the films that would represent them in the festival. Yet, in 1972, Bessy created a committee to select French films, and another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the position of General Delegate, introducing
3735-736: The best Hollywood novels of all time by Entertainment Weekly . Iain Johnstone 's Cannes: The Novel is a dystopian tale about terrorists holding the festival hostage. Paulo Coelho 's The Winner Stands Alone is also set at the Cannes Film Festival. The culture and history of the festival has been covered in a number of non-fiction books. The festival has been used as the backdrop and setting of several films, including The Last Horror Film (1982), La cité de la peur (1994), Festival in Cannes (2001), Femme Fatale (2002) and Mr. Bean's Holiday (2007); some of these were shot on location at
3818-430: The concept of family entertainment with Sandip Ray's gambit of contemporising the plot paying him a rich dividend. Admitting that he did not expect this success, he told Life that he was now lining up another such film for release next year. Earlier, a film by award-winning director Buddhadeb Dasgupta 's Mondo Meyer Upakhyan (The Tale of a Fallen Girl) produced by Arjoe Entertainments netted nearly Rs 7 million through
3901-412: The distributors who come from all over the globe. Though most of the media attention the festival receives is journalistic in nature, the festival has been explored from the standpoint of fiction by novelists over the years. Michael Grothaus ' Epiphany Jones is a social satire about the festival and film industry and explores sex trafficking that occurs during the festival. The book was named one of
3984-498: The domestic film industry, while others have gone to work in Bollywood. Successful films by directors from this generation include Dostojee , Mayar Jonjal , Fotema , Baishe Srabon , Bakita Byaktigato , Boomerang , Cinemawala , Pradhan , Tekka , Amazon Obhijaan , Yeti Obhijaan , 8/12 Binay Badal Dinesh , Shesh Pata , Cockpit , Praktan , Gumnaami , Aparajito , Chander Pahar , Kolkata Chalantika , Haami 2 , Nagarkirtan , Once Upon
4067-400: The end of 1980s. This article about an Indian film director is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cinema of West Bengal Cinema of West Bengal , also known as Tollywood or Bengali cinema , is the segment of Indian cinema , dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the Bengali language widely spoken in the state of West Bengal . It is based in
4150-683: The eviction of the then President of the Cinémathèque Française . The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors' Society (SRF) that same year. In 1969 the SRF, led by Pierre-Henri Deleau created the Directors' Fortnight ( Quinzaine des Réalisateurs ), a new non-competitive section that programs a selection of films from around the world, distinguished by
4233-431: The fact that the regulations at that time prohibited awarding a documentary. Outraged by the decision and as a measure of protest, the French, British, and American jury members decided to withdraw from the festival with the intention of not returning. This snub encouraged the French to found a free festival. Thus, on 31 May 1939, the city of Cannes was finally selected as the location for the festival over Biarritz and
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#17328919040054316-420: The festival a commercial character and facilitating exchanges between sellers and buyers in the film industry. Today it has become the first international platform for film commerce. Still, in the 1950s, some outstanding films, like Night and Fog in 1956 and Hiroshima, My Love in 1959 were excluded from the competition for diplomatic concerns. Jean Cocteau , three times president of the jury in those years,
4399-509: The festival in 2015. In 2017, along with the 70th anniversary events of the Festival, the issue of changing the rules on theatrical screening caused controversy. In 2018, the enforcement of theatrical screening in France resulted in Netflix withdrawing their films from the festival. The president of the festival, who represents the festival in front of financial partners, the public authorities and
4482-454: The festival was held as the "Festival du film de Cannes", where films from sixteen countries were presented. The festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 due to budgetary problems. In 1949, the Palais des Festivals was expressly constructed for the occasion on the seafront promenade of La Croisette , although its inaugural roof, while still unfinished, blew off during a storm. In 1951, the festival
4565-465: The film industry. In 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to host the festival, while the Directors' Fortnight remained in the old building. The new building was nicknamed "The Bunker", provoking much criticism, especially since it was hardly finished at the event and several technical problems occurred. In 1984 Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of
4648-656: The final scene is duplicated from the final scene of The World of Apu . Similar references to Ray films are found in recent works such as Sacred Evil (2006), the Elements trilogy of Deepa Mehta , and in films of Jean-Luc Godard . Another prominent Bengali filmmaker is Mrinal Sen , whose films have been well known for their Marxist views. During his career, Mrinal Sen's films have received awards from major film festivals, including Cannes , Berlin, Venice , Moscow, Karlovy Vary , Montreal , Chicago , and Cairo . Retrospectives of his films have been shown in major cities of
4731-505: The funding of their films. Gilles Jacob was appointed Honorary President in 2000, and in 2002, the Festival officially adopted the name Festival de Cannes . During the 2000s, the Festival started focusing more on the technological advances taking place in the film world, especially the digital techniques. In 2004, the restored historical films of the Festival were presented as Cannes Classics , which included documentaries. In 2007, Thierry Frémaux became General Delegate. In 2009, he extended
4814-610: The golden era included Robin Chatterjee , Sudhin Dasgupta , Nachiketa Ghosh , Hemant Kumar , etc. Tarun Majumdar is well known for First time educational, cultural, and philosophical cinematic experiences for both a mass audience and a class audience, He abolished the division in taste between mass and class audiences. Majumdar is best known for such Evergreen films as Shriman Prithviraj , Ganadevata , Sansar Simante and Alo and Many more. The revival in Bengali cinema dates from
4897-490: The independent judgment displayed in the choice of films. During the 1970s, important changes occurred in the Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new president, and Maurice Bessy the General Delegate. He introduced important changes in the selection of the participating films, welcoming new techniques, and relieving the selection from diplomatic pressures, with films like MASH , and later Chronicle of
4980-491: The internationally lauded 36 Chowringhee Lane , which looked at the lives of Anglo-Indians living in Calcutta. Her later films have also been celebrated: Paromitar Ek Din , The Japanese Wife , Goynar Baksho , and others. Anjan Choudhury is well known for middle of the road movie like Satru, Jibon Niye Khela and Choto Bou . Buddhadeb Dasgupta is best known for award-winning films like Uttara , Mondo Meyer Upakhyan , Charachar , and Janala . Goutam Ghose
5063-458: The jury panel. In 2019, the jury panel had been led by Alejandro González Iñárritu , director of Birdman . Lee was later invited to head the jury of the 2021 Cannes Film Festival , held in July of that year. In 2022, the festival denied press accreditation to Russian journalists associated with outlets who are not opposed to the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war . On the opening night of the festival,
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#17328919040055146-753: The jury's decision in order to award the Coppa Mussolini (Mussolini Cup) for the Best Film to Italian war film Luciano Serra, Pilot , produced under the supervision of Mussolini's son, and the Coppa Mussolini for the Best Foreign Film to Olympia , a German documentary film about the Berlin 1936 Summer Olympics produced in association with the Nazi Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda despite
5229-478: The media, is elected by the board of directors of the festival, officially named the "French Association of the Film Festival". The board is composed of authorities of the world of cinema, as well as of public authorities which subsidize the event. The president has a renewable 3-year mandate and appoints the members of his team, including the general delegate, with the approval of the board of directors. Sometimes
5312-418: The most critically acclaimed Bengali films were low-budget films , including Satyajit Ray's famous Calcutta Trilogy (1971-1973), and The Apu Trilogy (1955–1959). The first film in the trilogy, Pather Panchali (1955), was produced on a shoestring budget of Rs. 150,000 ($ 32000) using an amateur cast and crew. All his other films that followed also had low budgets, with his most expensive films since
5395-665: The name " Bollywood " (as the Bombay -based industry overtook the one in Tollygunge), which in turn inspired many other similar names . The history of cinema in Bengal dates to the 1920s when the first " bioscopes " were shown in theatres in Calcutta . Within a decade, Hiralal Sen , considered a stalwart of Victorian era cinema set up the Royal Bioscope Company , producing scenes from
5478-427: The president of Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky , made a video appearance where he talked about the war and the role of cinema in it. Iris Knobloch was elected the first woman president of the festival in the same year, succeeding the co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+ , Pierre Lescure , who had served since 2014. In recent years, a number of gender and sexual controversies have surrounded
5561-539: The recent times have turned the cinematic spotlight on Kolkata, introducing the city to a wider national and global audience ( Kahaani , Piku , Detective Byomkesh Bakshy! ). After the digital film era, Bengali directors who have found artistic and commercial success in contemporary Bengali films include: Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury , Kamaleshwar Mukherjee , Sujit Mondal , Aniket Chattopadhyay , Anjan Dutta , Raj Chakraborty , Mainak Bhowmick , Srijit Mukherjee , Nandita Roy and Shiboprosad Mukherjee . Many of
5644-497: The recent years, a younger generation of visual directors has come to the scene, like Suman Ghosh , Sujit Mondal , Sudeshna Roy , Shiboprosad Mukherjee , along with Srijit Mukherji , Kamaleshwar Mukherjee , Kaushik Ganguly , Raj Chakraborty , Manasi Sinha , Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury , Atanu Ghosh , Atiul Islam , Aditya Vikram Sengupta , Anik Dutta , Anindya Chatterjee , Avijit Sen, Birsa Dasgupta , Soukarya Ghosal , Indrasis Acharya , and Mainak Bhaumik . Many work in
5727-564: The recognition of original films and daring filmmakers. In 1954, the Special Jury Prize was awarded for the first time. In 1955, the Palme d'Or was created, replacing the Grand Prix du Festival which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Río was the first female member of the jury for the official selection. In 1959, the Marché du Film (Film Market) was founded, giving
5810-525: The rise of directors such as Anjan Choudhury , Aparna Sen , Anjan Dutt along with Rituparno Ghosh , Goutam Ghosh , Prabhat Roy , Sandip Ray , Sudeshna Roy , Buddhadeb Dasgupta , Anjan Das , Bappaditya Bandopadhyay , Sekhar Das , and Subrata Sen . Rituparno Ghosh made his first film, Hirer Angti , in 1992 and dominated Bengali cinema until his death in 2013, winning numerous national awards for films like Unishe April , Dahan and Utsab . Aparna Sen made her directorial debut in 1981 with
5893-707: The sale of overseas rights against a cost of Rs 0.6 million. Haranath Chakraborty His film Sathi (Companion) created a record by recouping over five times its production cost, although the film Chokher Bali , with big names like Aishwarya Rai Bachchan , Rituparno Ghosh and Tagore, failed to yield expected results. The movie, billed at Rs 16.5 million (the highest among Bengali films). Hollywood houses like Columbia TriStar have made their debut in distributing Bengali movies. According to industry experts, several issues need to be addressed to build on this resurgence and consolidate it. These include inadequate infrastructure, which often compels moviemakers to go outside
5976-451: The selection of films. However, in 2007, the artistic director Thierry Frémaux , became again the general delegate of the Festival. The general secretary is responsible for the reception of works and other practical matters. The Cannes Film Festival is organised in various sections: Prior to the beginning of each event, the festival's board of directors appoints the juries who hold sole responsibility for choosing which films will receive
6059-535: The stage productions of a number of popular shows at the Star Theatre , Minerva Theatre , Classic Theatre . Following a long gap after Sen's works, Dhirendra Nath Ganguly (known as D.G.) established the Indo British Film Co , the first Bengali-owned production company, in 1918. However, the first Bengali feature film, Billwamangal , was produced in 1919, under the banner of Madan Theatre . Bilat Ferat
6142-420: The superstars of this era. Actresses such as Subhashree Ganguly , Mimi Chakraborty , Madhumita Sarcar , Ishaa Saha , Susmita Chatterjee , Koushani Mukherjee , Ritabhari Chakraborty , Idhika Paul , Sohini Sarkar , Rukmini Maitra , Jaya Ahsan , Ananya Chatterjee , Sauraseni Maitra and Tuhina Das have been active. Popular for adventures role as Nusrat Jahan and koyel Mallick In modern days. In
6225-404: The town hall along with the French government signed the International Film Festival's official birth certificate with the name of Le Festival International du Film . The reason for deciding Cannes was because of its touristic appeal as a French Riviera resort town and also because the city hall offered to increase the municipality's financial participation, including the commitment of building
6308-521: The world". In 1998, Gilles Jacob created the last section of the Official Selection: la Cinéfondation , aiming to support the creation of works of cinema in the world and to contribute to the entry of the new scenario writers in the circle of the celebrities. The Cinéfondation was completed in 2000 with La Résidence , where young directors could refine their writing and screenplays, and in 2005, L'Atelier , which helps twenty directors per year with
6391-412: The world. Bengali filmmaker Ritwik Ghatak began reaching a global audience long after his death; beginning in the 1990s, a project to restore Ghatak's films was undertaken, and international exhibitions (and subsequent DVD releases) have belatedly generated an increasingly global audience. Some of his films have strong similarities to later famous international films, such as Ajantrik (1958) resembled
6474-595: The years to be one of the most polarizing. The Cannes Film Festival has its origins in 1938 when Jean Zay , the French Minister of National Education , on the proposal of high-ranking official and historian Philippe Erlanger and film journalist Robert Favre Le Bret decided to set up an international cinematographic festival. They found the support of the Americans and the British. Its creation can be largely attributed to
6557-573: Was based in Tollygunge , an area of South Kolkata, West Bengal that is more elite and artistically inclined than the usual musical cinema fare in India. Kanan Devi was an early female star of Bengali film, alongside Chandrabati Devi , Molina Devi and Chhaya Devi . The most popular Bengali male actors were Sisir Bhaduri , Chhabi Biswas , Ahindra Choudhury , Dhiraj Bhattacharya and Pahari Sanyal . Popular filmmakers include Nitin Bose , Premankur Atorthy and Premendra Mitra . Bengali cinema enjoyed
6640-517: Was based rhymed with "Hollywood", and because Tollygunge was the centre of the cinema of India as a whole at the time much like Hollywood was in the cinema of the United States . In that same March 1932 article, Deming was also considering the name "Hollygunge" but decided to go with "Tollywood" as the nickname for the Tollygunge area due to "Tolly being a proper name and Gunge meaning locality" in
6723-521: Was moved to spring to avoid direct competition with the Venice Festival which was held in autumn. During the early 1950s, the festival attracted much tourism and press attention, with showbiz scandals and high-profile personalities' love affairs. At the same time, the artistic aspect of the festival started developing. Because of controversies over the selection of films, the Critics' Prize was created for
6806-480: Was named the first female president of the jury, while the next year Sophia Loren became president. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May. Some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman , had withdrawn their films from the competition. On 18 May filmmaker Louis Malle along with a group of directors took over the large room of the Palais and interrupted the projections in solidarity with students and labour on strike throughout France , and in protest to
6889-531: Was the IBFC's first production in 1921. The Madan Theatre production of Jamai Shashthi was the first Bengali talkie . A long history has been traversed since then, with stalwarts such as Satyajit Ray , Mrinal Sen , Ritwik Ghatak , Tapan Sinha , Ajoy Kar and others earning international acclaim and securing their place in the movie history. Hiralal Sen , India is credited as one of Bengal's, and India's first directors. These were all silent films . Hiralal Sen
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