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132-586: Aesthetic Realism differs from other approaches to mind in identifying a person's attitude to the whole world as the most crucial thing in their life, affecting how one sees everything, including love, work, and other people. For example, it says racism begins with the desire to have contempt for what is different from oneself. The philosophy is principally taught at the Aesthetic Realism Foundation, an educational institution based in SoHo , New York City . In

264-450: A Description of the World , completed in 1945, defines 134 terms, including Existence, Happiness, Power, Success, Reality, and Relation. Definitions of one sentence are given for every term, followed by a lengthier explanation. The work was published in 1978-9 as a series in the journal The Right of Aesthetic Realism to Be Known. A third philosophic text, The Aesthetic Nature of the World ,

396-404: A biweekly format to a larger monthly publication. On September 23, 2024, The Nation endorsed Kamala Harris for the 2024 United States presidential election but with criticism on foreign politics, especially in regard to the 2023 Gaza war . On October 25, 2024, the magazine published an article, by the magazine's interns, criticizing this endorsement. Following Donald Trump 's victory in

528-462: A book of essays by working artists in the fields of painting, printmaking, photography, acting, and poetry, documents how the Siegel Theory of Opposites "relates life to art and is basically a criterion for all branches of aesthetics". Some artistic productions inspired by the philosophy were surrounded by controversy. A theatrical production of Ibsen's Hedda Gabler by The Opposites Company of

660-484: A book than a collection of pietistic snippets by Believers," The New York Times never reported that men said they changed from homosexuality through Aesthetic Realism. Students of the philosophy who said they changed from homosexuality or in other large ways accused the press of unfairly withholding information valuable to the lives of people. In the 1970s they mounted an aggressive campaign of telephone calls, letters, ads, and vigils in front of various media offices and at

792-544: A column criticizing Samuel Gompers and trade unions for being complicit in the war machine of the First World War , The Nation was briefly suspended from the US mail. The magazine's financial problems in the early 1940s prompted Kirchwey to sell her individual ownership of the magazine in 1943, creating a nonprofit organization, Nation Associates, out of the money generated from a recruiting drive of sponsors. This organization

924-472: A correspondent of the London Daily News and The New York Times . Godkin sought to establish what one sympathetic commentator later characterized as "an organ of opinion characterized in its utterance by breadth and deliberation, an organ which should identify itself with causes, and which should give its support to parties primarily as representative of these causes." In its "founding prospectus"

1056-435: A focus of Aesthetic Realism. In one of his earliest essays, "The Equality of Man" (1923), Siegel opposed writers who were promoting eugenics . He argued that thus far in the history of the world, people have not had equal conditions of life, to bring out their potential abilities, and he asserted that if all men and women had "an equal chance to use all the powers they had at birth, they would be equal." Aesthetic Realism and

1188-566: A half-dozen neighborhood groups, led by the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation , put forth a "community alternative plan" which they claimed would create more affordable housing without any major new development, and a report attacking the city's plan, a claim that was challenged by the city and other civic organizations. Carl Weisbrod , former chairman of the New York City Planning Commission said

1320-545: A higher rate of college-educated residents than the rest of the city. The vast majority of residents age 25 and older (84%) have a college education or higher, while 4% have less than a high school education and 12% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 64% of Manhattan residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of SoHo and Greenwich Village students excelling in math rose from 61% in 2000 to 80% in 2011, and reading achievement increased from 66% to 68% during

1452-442: A larger neighborhood tabulation area called SoHo-TriBeCa-Civic Center-Little Italy. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census , the population of SoHo-TriBeCa-Civic Center-Little Italy was 42,742, a change of 5,985 (14%) from the 36,757 counted in 2000 . Covering an area of 581.62 acres (235.37 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 73.5 inhabitants per acre (47,000/sq mi; 18,200/km ). The racial makeup of

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1584-534: A lively theater and shopping district and the entertainment center of New York; as usual with such areas, it was home to many brothels as well, and the side streets off of Broadway became the city's red-light district . As this change in character drove out the middle-class, their place was taken by small manufacturing concerns, including cabinet-makers and the lumberyards that supplied them, brass and copper firms, makers of china and glassware, locksmiths, snuff manufacturers and book publishers. This dramatic shift in

1716-566: A making one of opposites, and the making one of opposites is what we are going after in ourselves." Siegel recognized that the desire to like the world is in a constant fight with another competing desire: the desire for contempt, or the hope to lessen what is different from oneself as a means of self-increase as one sees it. He writes in The Right of Aesthetic Realism to Be Known , number 247: Aesthetic Realism differs from psychoanalysis and differs from other ways of seeing, when it says that contempt

1848-505: A new weekly political magazine. Edwin Lawrence Godkin , who had been considering starting such a magazine for some time, agreed and so became the first editor of The Nation . Wendell Phillips Garrison , son of The Liberator ' s editor/publisher William Lloyd Garrison , was Literary Editor from 1865 to 1906. Its founding publisher was Joseph H. Richards; the editor was Godkin, an immigrant from Ireland who had formerly worked as

1980-680: A painter, sculptor, printmaker, and founder of the printmaking department of the School of Visual Arts , and his wife, painter Dorothy Koppelman (1920-2017), who opened the Terrain Gallery in 1955, introducing Aesthetic Realism to the cultural scene of New York City with art exhibitions and public discussions of the Siegel Theory of Opposites in relation to painting, sculpture, photography, poetry, and later, music, theatre, and architecture. Chaim Koppelman's interviews of Roy Lichtenstein, Richard Anuszkiewicz, and Clayton Pond, in which these artists discussed

2112-405: A philosophic matter. A fundamental principle of the philosophy is that every person is in a fight between contempt for the world and respect for it. Siegel stated that this fight is present as well in homosexuality. In the field of love and sex, a homosexual man prefers the sameness of another man while undervaluing the difference of the world that a woman represents. This undervaluing of difference

2244-462: A psychotherapy cult . SoHo SoHo , short for "South of Houston Street ", is a neighborhood in Lower Manhattan , New York City. Since the 1970s, the neighborhood has been the location of many artists' lofts and art galleries, and has also been known for its variety of shops ranging from trendy upscale boutiques to national and international chain store locations. The area's history

2376-550: A really critical spirit, and to wage war upon the vices of violence, exaggeration and misrepresentation by which so much of the political writing of the day is marred." In the first year of publication, one of the magazine's regular features was The South as It Is , dispatches from a tour of the war-torn region by John Richard Dennett, a recent Harvard graduate and a veteran of the Port Royal Experiment . Dennett interviewed Confederate veterans, freed slaves, agents of

2508-504: A respectful desire to know and see that the feelings of another are "as real, and as deep, as one's own..." On an international level, students of Aesthetic Realism advocated the study of contempt and good will, as described by Aesthetic Realism, as "The Only Answer to the Mideast Crisis", in a 1990 advertisement on the op-ed page of The New York Times. To oppose prejudice they recommend that persons of nations who are in conflict "write

2640-413: A soliloquy of 500 words" describing the feelings and thoughts of a person in the opposing land. The United Nations commissioned Ken Kimmelman to make two anti-prejudice films: Asimbonanga, and Brushstrokes. Kimmelman credits Aesthetic Realism as his inspiration for these films, as well as his 1995 Emmy Award-winning anti-prejudice public service film, The Heart Knows Better, based on, and including,

2772-646: A statement by Eli Siegel. In 1946, Siegel began giving weekly lectures at Steinway Hall in New York City, in which he presented what he first called Aesthetic Analysis (later, Aesthetic Realism), "a philosophic way of seeing conflict in self and making this conflict clear to a person so that a person becomes more integrated and happier." From 1948 through 1977, Siegel continued teaching in his library at 67 Jane Street in Greenwich Village , where he also resided. Individuals studied Aesthetic Realism in classes such as

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2904-584: A successor to William Lloyd Garrison 's The Liberator , an abolitionist newspaper that closed in 1865, after ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution . Thereafter, the magazine proceeded to a broader topic, The Nation . An important collaborator of the new magazine was its Literary Editor Wendell Phillips Garrison , son of William. He had at his disposal his father's vast network of contacts. The Nation

3036-533: A thing is its relations, its having-to-do-with other things", is in this poem. It begins with a hot, quiet afternoon in Montana, and travels through time and space, showing that the diversity of reality is surprisingly connected, and things, people and places usually regarded as separate "have a great deal to do with each other." The not-for-profit Aesthetic Realism Foundation was established by Siegel's students in 1973. Located at 141 Greene Street in SoHo , New York , it

3168-729: A weekly literary supplement for his daily newspaper the New York Evening Post . The offices of the magazine were moved to the Evening Post ' s headquarters at 210 Broadway. The New York Evening Post would later morph into a tabloid , the New York Post , a left-leaning afternoon tabloid, under owner Dorothy Schiff from 1939 to 1976. Since then, it has been a conservative tabloid owned by Rupert Murdoch , while The Nation became known for its left-wing ideology. In 1900, Henry Villard's son, Oswald Garrison Villard , inherited

3300-400: Is 0.0095 milligrams per cubic metre (9.5 × 10  oz/cu ft), more than the city average. Sixteen percent of SoHo and Greenwich Village residents are smokers , which is more than the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In SoHo and Greenwich Village, 4% of residents are obese , 3% are diabetic , and 15% have high blood pressure , the lowest rates in the city – compared to

3432-555: Is 38% in SoHo and Greenwich Village, compared to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 45% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018 , SoHo and Greenwich Village are considered high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying . SoHo and Lower Manhattan are patrolled by the 1st Precinct of the NYPD , at 16 Ericsson Place. The 1st Precinct ranked 63rd safest out of 69 city precincts for per-capita crime in 2010. Though

3564-514: Is a form of contempt for the world; therefore, as a man learns how to like the world honestly, his attitude towards difference changes and this affects every area of his life, including sexual preference. Beginning in 1965 supporters of the philosophy began an effort to have press and media report on the change from homosexuality through Aesthetic Realism. In 1971 men (including Kranz) who said they changed through Aesthetic Realism were interviewed on New York City's WNET Channel 13 Free Time show and

3696-569: Is an archetypal example of inner-city regeneration and gentrification , encompassing socioeconomic , cultural, political, and architectural developments. The name "SoHo" derives from the area being "South of Houston Street ", and was coined in 1962 by Chester Rapkin, an urban planner and author of The South Houston Industrial Area study, also known as the "Rapkin Report". The name also recalls Soho , an area in London 's West End . Almost all of SoHo

3828-400: Is at 75 Sullivan Street. The New York Public Library 's Mulberry Street branch is located at 10 Jersey Street, where it occupies three floors of a former SoHo chocolate factory, including two basement levels. The Nation The Nation is a progressive American monthly magazine that covers political and cultural news, opinion, and analysis. It was founded on July 6, 1865, as

3960-501: Is based on the idea that reality has an aesthetic structure of opposites. Siegel stated that all the sciences and arts provide evidence of reality's aesthetic structure and can be used to understand and like the world. For example, motion and rest, freedom and order can be seen as one in an electron, the ocean, the solar system. These opposing forces of reality are within every person, and we are always trying to put them together. In Siegel's critical theory, "The resolution of conflict in self

4092-661: Is bounded by Crosby Street on the east, and Sixth Avenue to the west. These are the same boundaries shown by Google Maps . However, the AIA Guide to New York City gives the western boundary of SoHo north of Broome Street as being West Broadway, and New York magazine gives the eastern boundary as Lafayette Street and the western boundary as the Hudson River . The map at the Community Board 2 profile page on New York City's official website has "SOHO" written near Broadway in

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4224-464: Is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are adults: a plurality (42%) are between the ages of 25 and 44, while 24% are between 45 and 64, and 15% are 65 or older. The ratio of youth and college-aged residents was lower, at 9% and 10% respectively. As of 2017, the median household income in Community Districts 1 and 2 (including

4356-577: Is how an attitude to the world as a whole governs how a person sees every aspect of life, including a friend, a spouse, a book, food, people of another skin tone. Accordingly, the philosophy argues that individuals have an ethical obligation to "see the world as well as we can" and where we don't hope to see things and people fairly "contempt ...is winning." Accordingly, the philosophy argues that individuals have an ethical obligation to give full value to things and people, not devalue them in order to make oneself seem more important. Aesthetic Realism states that

4488-640: Is included in the SoHo–Cast Iron Historic District , which was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1973, extended in 2010, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and declared a National Historic Landmark in 1978. It consists of 26 blocks and approximately 500 buildings, many of them incorporating cast-iron architectural elements. Many side streets in

4620-413: Is largely unpublished, although selections appear in The Right of Aesthetic Realism to Be Known . Aesthetic Realism arose from Eli Siegel's teaching of poetry. He stated that ideas central to the philosophy were present in his poem "Hot Afternoons Have Been in Montana", which won The Nation ' s annual poetry prize in 1925. The philosophic principle that individuality is relation, "that the very self of

4752-430: Is like the making one of opposites in art." A good novel or musical composition, for example, composes opposites that are often in conflict in a person's mind or daily life: intensity and calm, freedom and order, unity and diversity. A successful poem or photograph or work of art in any medium, is therefore, a guide to a good life, because it shows the aesthetic structure of reality and ourselves. "All beauty," he stated, "is

4884-601: Is published by its namesake owner, The Nation Company, L.P., at 520 8th Ave New York, NY 10018. It has news bureaus in Washington, D.C. , London , and South Africa , with departments covering architecture , art, corporations, defense , environment , films, legal affairs , music, peace and disarmament , poetry, and the United Nations . Circulation peaked at 187,000 in 2006 but dropped to 145,000 in print by 2010, although digital subscriptions had risen to over 15,000. By 2021,

5016-413: Is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations: Preterm births are more common in SoHo and Greenwich Village than in other places citywide, though teenage births are less common. In SoHo and Greenwich Village, there were 91 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 1 teenage birth per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide), though

5148-528: Is sustained in part by a group of more than 30,000 donors called Nation Associates, who donate funds to the periodical above and beyond their annual subscription fees. This program accounts for 30% of the total revenue for the magazine. An annual cruise also generates $ 200,000 for the magazine. Since late 2012, the Nation Associates program has been called Nation Builders. In 2023, the magazine had approximately 91,000 subscribers, roughly 80% of whom pay for

5280-548: Is that the deepest desire of every person is to like the world. It states that the purpose of art education—and all education—is to like the world. Honest like of the world does not depend on how fortunate one is, but on seeing that reality is made well because it has an aesthetic structure, which art shows. Siegel asked, "Is this true: No matter how much of a case one has against the world—its unkindness, its disorder, its ugliness, its meaninglessness—one has to do all one can to like it, or one will weaken oneself? Aesthetic Realism

5412-501: Is the greatest danger of an individual; of society. ... Contempt is the one sure means people all over the world have of building themselves up. Contempt is in families, chancelleries, lodges, on pillows, in halls. It is that in [a person] which says: "If I can make less of this and this and this, my glory is greater." …And it should be remembered that having contempt is the same as disliking the world. A key study in Aesthetic Realism

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5544-554: Is the primary location where the philosophy is now taught, in public seminars, dramatic and musical presentations, semester classes, and individual consultations. There is an interactive workshop for teachers, "The Aesthetic Realism Teaching Method", and classes in poetry, anthropology, art, music, and "Understanding Marriage." Ellen Reiss is the Aesthetic Realism Chairman of Education, appointed by Eli Siegel in 1977. Since that time, she has conducted professional classes for

5676-528: The American Civil War , arguing that a stable currency was necessary to restore the economic stability of the nation. Closely related to this was the publication's advocacy of the elimination of protective tariffs in favor of lower prices of consumer goods associated with a free trade system. The magazine would stay at Newspaper Row for 90 years. In 1881, newspaperman-turned-railroad-baron Henry Villard acquired The Nation and converted it into

5808-650: The Bellevue Hospital Center and NYU Langone Medical Center in Kips Bay , and NewYork-Presbyterian Lower Manhattan Hospital in the Civic Center area. SoHo is within two primary ZIP Codes . The area north of Broome Street is in 10012 while the area south of Broome Street is in 10013. The United States Postal Service operates two post offices near SoHo both in ZIP 10014: SoHo and Greenwich Village generally have

5940-547: The David Susskind Show , which had a national syndication. The book The H Persuasion , published that year, contained writing by Siegel detailing his premise about the cause of homosexuality, transcripts of Aesthetic Realism lessons, and narratives by men who said they changed, describing both why they changed and how. In response to requests from men and women wanting to study Aesthetic Realism, Siegel designated four consultation trios, one of which, Consultation With Three,

6072-566: The Financial District and Tribeca ) was $ 144,878, though the median income in SoHo individually was $ 124,396. In 2018, an estimated 9% of SoHo and Greenwich Village residents lived in poverty, compared to 20% in all of Manhattan and 20% in all of New York City. One in twenty-five residents (4%) were unemployed, compared to 7% in Manhattan and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent,

6204-464: The Freedmen's Bureau , and ordinary people he met by the side of the road. Among the causes supported by the publication in its earliest days was civil service reform—moving the basis of government employment from a political patronage system to a professional bureaucracy based upon meritocracy . The Nation also was preoccupied with the reestablishment of a sound national currency in the years after

6336-524: The Real Estate Board of New York (REBNY), the city's largest real estate trade organization, had shown no interest in a rezoning of SoHo and NoHo. The proposal was immediately contentious; while most major candidates in the Democratic mayoral and Manhattan borough president primaries endorsed the plan, at least in principle, candidates for the city council district were more divided. A group of

6468-512: The right . In the 1950s, The Nation was attacked as "pro-communist" because of its advocacy of détente with the expansionist Soviet Union of Joseph Stalin , and its criticism of McCarthyism . One of the magazine's writers, Louis Fischer , resigned from the magazine afterwards, claiming The Nation ' s foreign coverage was too pro-Soviet. Despite this, Diana Trilling pointed out that Kirchwey did allow anti-Soviet writers, such as herself, to contribute material critical of Russia to

6600-439: The 1950s, the area had become known as Hell's Hundred Acres , an industrial wasteland, full of sweatshops and small factories in the daytime, but empty at night. It would not be until the 1960s, when artists began to be interested in the tall ceilings and many windows of the empty manufacturing lofts, that the character of the neighborhood began to change again. SoHo boasts the greatest collection of cast-iron architecture in

6732-452: The 1980s the Foundation faced controversy for its assertion that men changed from homosexuality to heterosexuality through study of Aesthetic Realism. In 1990, it stopped presentations and consultations on this subject. Eli Siegel described the philosophy of Aesthetic Realism as a study in three parts: "One, Man's greatest, deepest desire is to like the world honestly. Two, The one way to like

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6864-583: The Answer to Racism by journalist Alice Bernstein contains articles published in newspapers throughout the country. The People of Clarendon County (Chicago: Third World Press, 2007), includes a play by Ossie Davis, re-discovered by Bernstein, together with photographs and historical documents concerning the Rev. Joseph DeLaine and others who took part in Briggs v. Elliott . This was the first of five lawsuits that eventually led to

6996-695: The Answer to Racism, presenting Aesthetic Realism as the educational method that explains and changes prejudice and racism, was staged in the Congressional Auditorium of the US Capitol Visitor Center in Washington, DC on October 21, 2009, with introductory remarks given by Rep. James E. Clyburn. In public forums, individuals of diverse nationalities and cultural backgrounds have described how, through study of Aesthetic Realism, their racism and prejudice changed, not into mere "tolerance" but into

7128-614: The District. During the colonial period, the land that is now SoHo was part of a grant of farmland given to freed slaves of the Dutch West Indies Company , and the site of the first free Black settlement on Manhattan island. This land was acquired in the 1660s by Augustine Hermann, and then passed to his brother-in-law, Nicholas Bayard. The estate was confiscated by the state as a result of Bayard's part in Leisler's Rebellion , but

7260-544: The Ethical Study Conference, the Nevertheless, Poetry Class, and classes in which Aesthetic Realism was discussed in relation to the arts and sciences, history, philosophy, national ethics, and world literature. Eli Siegel gave over 30,000 such lectures and lessons over the four decades he taught Aesthetic Realism. One series, "Aesthetic Realism As Beauty", considered how particular opposites are brought together in

7392-463: The Foundation's faculty and in the course "The Aesthetic Realism Explanation of Poetry". Her commentaries on how the philosophy views life, literature, national ethics, economics, and the human self appear regularly in The Right of Aesthetic Realism to Be Known. The Aesthetic Realism Theatre Company, composed of actors, singers and musicians, has appeared throughout the country in both musical performances and dramatic productions. Presentations showing

7524-477: The Foundation's faculty. Herself an Aesthetic Realism consultant since 1971, Reiss also taught in the English departments of Queens and Hunter Colleges , City University of New York . She is a poet, editor, and co-author (with Martha Baird) of The Williams-Siegel Documentary (Definition Press, 1970). Eli Siegel died on November 8, 1978. Reiss continues his work teaching Aesthetic Realism in professional classes for

7656-453: The GVSHP's report was "misleading and disingenuous", and a spokesman for the mayor's office described the "community alternative plan" as "an exercise in magical thinking". In July 2021, the area's community board voted to reject the proposal, although the vote was ultimately non-binding. In September 2021, Manhattan Borough president Gale Brewer expressed concerns about the plan, particularly

7788-606: The Hudson River. The SoHo–Cast Iron Historic District is contained within the zoned SoHo neighborhood. Originally ending in the west at the eastern side of West Broadway and to the east at the western side of Crosby Street, the SoHo–Cast Iron Historic District was expanded in 2010 to cover most of West Broadway and to extend east to Lafayette and Centre Streets. The boundary lines are not straight, and some block-fronts on West Broadway and Lafayette are excluded from

7920-529: The M1-5a and M-5b districting was established to permit visual artists, certified as such by the Department of Cultural Affairs, to live where they worked. In 1987, non-artists residing in SoHo and NoHo were permitted to grandfather themselves, but that was the only extension to non-artists and was a one-time agreement. The area received landmark designation as the SoHo–Cast Iron Historic District in 1973. In 2005,

8052-641: The Theatre, in which the title character was presented as "essentially good", in keeping with Siegel's interpretation of the play, was highly praised in Time magazine, but severely criticized in The New York Times , which also published Siegel's response to the critics. A controversial aspect of the philosophy concerns the assertion that men and women could change from homosexuality through studying its principles. In 1946 writer and WW II veteran Sheldon Kranz (1919–1980)

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8184-660: The United States to enter World War II to resist fascism , and after the US entered the war, the publication supported the American war effort. It also supported the use of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima . During the late 1940s and again in the early 1950s, a merger was discussed by Kirchwey (later Carey McWilliams ) and The New Republic ' s Michael Straight . The two magazines were very similar at that time—both were left of center, The Nation further left than TNR ; both had circulations around 100,000, although TNR ' s

8316-618: The anniversary issue, President Barack Obama said: In an era of instant, 140-character news cycles and reflexive toeing of the party line, it's incredible to think of the 150-year history of The Nation . It's more than a magazine—it's a crucible of ideas forged in the time of Emancipation, tempered through depression and war and the civil-rights movement, and honed as sharp and relevant as ever in an age of breathtaking technological and economic change. Through it all, The Nation has exhibited that great American tradition of expanding our moral imaginations, stoking vigorous dissent, and simply taking

8448-449: The appeal of lofts as living spaces, its architecture, and its reputation as a haven for artists all contributed to this change. The pattern of gentrification is typically known as the "SoHo Effect" and has been observed elsewhere in the United States. A backwater of poor artists and small factories in the 1970s, SoHo became a popular tourist destination for people seeking fashionable clothing and exquisite architecture, and home to some of

8580-410: The archives, and new essays by frequent contributors like Eric Foner , Noam Chomsky , E. L. Doctorow , Toni Morrison , Rebecca Solnit , and Vivian Gornick ; a book-length history of the magazine by D. D. Guttenplan (which The Times Literary Supplement called "an affectionate and celebratory affair"); events across the country; and a relaunched website. In a tribute to The Nation , published in

8712-503: The article on the Boston Common. The Globe's ombudsman later wrote in his column that the article was biased against Aesthetic Realism and that it contained "strong, negative words without attribution" and "inaccuracies". Some gay advocacy groups and gay activists presented Aesthetic Realism as "anti-gay", accusing the philosophy of offering a "gay cure" and expressing skepticism that homosexuality could or should change. Persons within

8844-417: The assertion of persons who said they changed. The gay press and gay reporters were generally hostile to Aesthetic Realism. A 1982 Boston Globe article written by "the first openly gay reporter" on its staff, interviewed primarily gay therapists and then reported that the "assertion" of change through Aesthetic Realism was "a claim staggering to psychiatrists and psychologists." About 250 people protested

8976-457: The breakthrough 1954 Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education , which made segregation in public schools illegal and struck down the "separate but equal" doctrine established in 1896 by Plessy v. Ferguson . The book includes essays about Aesthetic Realism, which is described as "the education that can end racism." A production of The People of Clarendon County—a Play by Ossie Davis, &

9108-401: The cast iron. An American architectural innovation, cast iron was cheaper to use for facades than materials such as stone or brick. Molds of ornamentation, prefabricated in foundries, were used interchangeably for many buildings, and a broken piece could be easily recast. The buildings could be erected quickly; some were built in four months. Despite the brief construction period, the quality of

9240-451: The cast-iron designs was not sacrificed. Bronze had previously been the metal most frequently used for architectural detail. Architects found that the relatively inexpensive cast iron could provide intricately designed patterns. Classical French and Italian architectural designs were often used as models for these facades. Because stone was the material associated with architectural masterpieces, cast iron, painted in neutral tints such as beige,

9372-486: The city in the 1970s. The upper floors of many of these buildings had been built as commercial Manhattan lofts , which provided large, unobstructed spaces for manufacturing and other industrial uses. These spaces attracted artists who valued them for their large areas, large windows admitting natural light and low rents. Most of these spaces were also used illegally as living space, despite being neither zoned nor equipped for residential use. This widespread zoning violation

9504-650: The citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 5% of children are obese, the lowest rate in the city, compared to the citywide average of 20%. Ninety-six percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is more than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 91% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", more than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in SoHo and Greenwich Village, there are 7 bodegas . The nearest major hospitals are Beth Israel Medical Center in Stuyvesant Town , as well as

9636-467: The coalition put forward a rezoning plan that would produce 3,400 additional housing units, nearly 700 of which would be affordable, and later that month the city officially proposed a similar plan that envisaged the creation of 3,200 new residential units and up to 800 affordable units. Observers suggested that the coalition's campaign for a residential rezoning had spurred a previously reluctant mayor to act, noting that even real estate industry groups like

9768-412: The cold water used to extinguish fire. In 1899, a building code mandating the backing of cast-iron fronts with masonry was passed. Most of the buildings that stand today are constructed in this way. It was the advent of steel as a major construction material that brought an end to the cast iron era. In the 1960s, the SoHo area was to have been the location of two enormous elevated highways that comprised

9900-449: The conscious intention to be fair to the world and people is not only an ethical obligation, but the means of liking oneself. The philosophy identifies contempt as the underlying cause of depression and broader social problems as well: societal evils like racism and war arise from contempt for "human beings placed differently from ourselves" in terms of race, economic status, or nationality. Siegel stated that for centuries ill will has been

10032-435: The construction of residential buildings on empty lots in the historic district was permitted. Nevertheless, with no enforcement of the new zoning laws by the city, beginning in the 1980s, in a way that would later apply elsewhere, the neighborhood began to draw more affluent residents. Due to rent protection and stability afforded by the 1982 Loft Law , in addition to the fact that many of the artists owned their co-ops, many of

10164-490: The district are paved with Belgian blocks . SoHo is part of Manhattan Community District 2 and its primary ZIP Codes are 10012 and 10013. It is patrolled by the 1st and 5th Precincts of the New York City Police Department . Because of the nature of neighborhoods in New York City, different sources will often give different boundaries for each one. In the case of SoHo, all sources appear to agree that

10296-414: The drama, music, sculpture, dance, and painting, and demonstrated how each of these arts unites opposites that are often in conflict in life situations. He lectured on "Aesthetic Realism and Love", "Aesthetic Realism and Scientific Method", "Aesthetic Realism and H.G. Wells' The Outline of History" and "Aesthetic Realism Looks at Things: Understanding Children". He gave a series of lectures on Henry James that

10428-430: The editors of The Nation professed that "Bernie Sanders and his supporters are bending the arc of history toward justice. Theirs is an insurgency, a possibility, and a dream that we proudly endorse." On June 15, 2019, Heuvel stepped down as editor; D. D. Guttenplan , the editor-at-large, took her place. On March 2, 2020, The Nation again endorsed Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders for President . In their reasoning,

10560-404: The editors of The Nation professed: "As we find ourselves on a hinge of history—a generation summoned to the task of redeeming our democracy and restoring our republic—no one ever has to wonder what Bernie Sanders stands for." On February 23, 2022, The Nation named Jacobin founder Bhaskar Sunkara its new president. In December 2023, Sunkara announced the magazine would be switching from

10692-503: The election, The Nation ran an opinion piece attributing the result to widespread support for "anti-system politics" among American society, drawing parallels between Harris' campaign and that of Hillary Clinton in 2016. Print ad pages declined by 5% from 2009 to 2010, while digital advertising rose 32.8% from 2009 to 2010. Advertising accounts for 10% of total revenue for the magazine, while circulation totals 60%. The Nation has lost money in all but three or four years of operation and

10824-466: The enlarged windows. The strength of cast iron permitted high ceilings with sleek supporting columns, and interiors became expansive and functional. During cast iron's heyday, many architects thought it to be structurally more sound than steel. It was also thought that cast iron would be fire-resistant, and facades were constructed over many interiors built of wood and other flammable materials. When exposed to heat, cast iron buckled, and later cracked under

10956-480: The founders of The Nation would have understood the term, from a belief in a smaller and more restricted government to a belief in a larger and less restricted government. Villard sold the magazine in 1935. Maurice Wertheim , the new owner, sold it in 1937 to Freda Kirchwey , who served as editor from 1933 to 1955. Almost every editor of The Nation from Villard's time to the 1970s was looked at for "subversive" activities and ties. When Albert Jay Nock published

11088-449: The gay pride movement associated the desire of a man to change from homosexuality with a lack of pride in a gay identity, and saw Aesthetic Realism as biased against a gay lifestyle. The Aesthetic Realism Foundation stated unequivocally that it supported full, completely equal civil rights for homosexuals, including the right of a man or woman to live their life in the way they chose. The organization has been described by Steven Hassan as

11220-559: The homes of editors. Many wore lapel buttons that read "Victim of the Press". In 1973 the American Psychiatric Association declassified homosexuality as a mental disorder. In 1978, ads were placed in three major newspapers stating "we have changed from homosexuality through our study of the Aesthetic Realism of Eli Siegel." They were signed by 50 men and women. With few exceptions, the press in general either ignored or dismissed

11352-438: The importance of the artery to the city. Nevertheless, through the efforts of Jane Jacobs , Tony D'Apolito, Margot Gayle , and other local, civic, and cultural leaders, as well as SoHo artist residents themselves, the project was derailed. After the abandonment of the highway scheme, the city was left with a large number of historic buildings that were unattractive for the kinds of manufacturing and commerce that survived in

11484-467: The island, but which had become polluted and rank and a breeding ground for mosquitoes. A canal was built to drain the pond into the Hudson, and the canal and pond were both later filled in using earth from nearby Bayard's Hill. Once Broadway was paved and sidewalks were built there and along Canal Street, more people began to make their homes there, joining earlier arrivals such as James Fenimore Cooper . By

11616-467: The magazine and the Evening Post , and sold off the latter in 1918. Thereafter, he remade The Nation into a current affairs publication and gave it an anti- classical liberal orientation. As the 1932 U.S. presidential election approached, the Nation saw no real choice between Hoover and Roosevelt, and it urged readers to vote for Socialist Party candidate Norman Thomas. Oswald Villard wrote "So I insist,

11748-593: The magazine from Kirstein in 1965. During the 1950s, Paul Blanshard , a former associate editor, served as The Nation ' s special correspondent in Uzbekistan . His most famous writing was a series of articles attacking the Catholic Church in America as a dangerous, powerful, and undemocratic institution. On the eve of the 1968 U.S. presidential election the magazine argued that the choice between Nixon and Humphrey

11880-568: The magazine from the Storrow family. In 1985, he sold it to Arthur L. Carter , who had made a fortune as a founding partner of Carter, Berlind, Potoma & Weill . In 1991, The Nation sued the Department of Defense for restricting free speech by limiting Gulf War coverage to press pools . However, the issue was found moot in Nation Magazine v. United States Department of Defense , because

12012-519: The magazine published a poem entitled "How-To" by Anders Carlson-Wee which was written in the voice of a homeless man and used black vernacular . This led to criticism from writers such as Roxane Gay because Carlson-Wee is white. The Nation ' s two poetry editors, Stephanie Burt and Carmen Giménez Smith , issued an apology for publishing the poem, the first such action ever taken by the magazine. The apology itself became an object of criticism also. Poet and Nation columnist Katha Pollitt called

12144-447: The magazine wrote that the publication would have "seven main objects" with the first being "discussion of the topics of the day, and, above all, of legal, economical, and constitutional questions, with greater accuracy and moderation than are now to be found in the daily press." The Nation pledged to "not be the organ of any party, sect or body" but rather to "make an earnest effort to bring to discussion of political and social questions

12276-486: The magazine's arts section. During McCarthyism (the Second Red Scare), The Nation was banned from several school libraries in New York City and Newark, and a Bartlesville, Oklahoma , librarian, Ruth Brown , was fired from her job in 1950, after a citizens committee complained she had given shelf space to The Nation . In 1955, George C. Kirstein replaced Kirchway as magazine owner. James J. Storrow Jr. bought

12408-552: The mainly residential and commercial present-day reality of the neighborhood. A coalition of nearly two dozen housing and social organizations, led by pro-housing advocacy group Open New York , and including the Citizens Housing and Planning Council , the Regional Plan Association , and Habitat for Humanity , seized on the idea of a rezoning as a means of alleviating the city's housing shortage . In October 2019,

12540-458: The man who votes for either Hoover or Roosevelt is the one who is throwing away his vote... He is again postponing the peaceful revolution which Woodrow Wilson said in 1912 was on the horizon." The magazine did, however, endorse Roosevelt in the next three elections. Oswald Villard welcomed the New Deal and supported the nationalization of industries—thus reversing the meaning of " liberalism " as

12672-573: The mid-19th century, the early Federal - and Greek Revival -style homes were replaced by more-solid structures of masonry and cast iron, and along Broadway, large marble-skinned commercial establishments began to open, such as Lord & Taylor , Arnold Constable & Company and Tiffany & Company , as well as grand hotels such as the St. Nicholas and the Metropolitan. Theatres followed in their wake, and Broadway between Canal and Houston Streets became

12804-509: The most expensive real estate in the country. SoHo's chain outlets are clustered in the northern area of the neighborhood, along Broadway and Prince and Spring Streets . The sidewalks in this area are often crowded with tourists and with vendors selling jewelry, T-shirts, and other works. SoHo is known for its commercialization and eclectic mix of boutiques for shopping – although in 2010, it had twice as many chain stores as boutiques and three times as many boutiques as art galleries. Despite

12936-553: The nature of the neighborhood continued to drive out residents, and between 1860 and 1865 the Eighth Ward, which included the SoHo area, lost 25% of its population. After the Civil War and the Panic of 1873 , in the 1880s and 1890s, large manufacturers began to move into the area, especially textile firms, and the area became the mercantile and wholesale dry-goods trade center of the city, and

13068-513: The neighborhood was 66.1% (28,250) White , 2.2% (934) African American , 0.1% (30) Native American , 22.2% (9,478) Asian , 0% (11) Pacific Islander , 0.4% (171) from other races , and 2.6% (1,098) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.5% (2,770) of the population. The entirety of Community District 2, which comprises SoHo and Greenwich Village, had 91,638 inhabitants as of NYC Health 's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 85.8 years. This

13200-464: The northern boundary is Houston Street , and the southern boundary is Canal Street , but the location of the eastern and western boundaries is disputed. In 1974, shortly after SoHo first came into existence, The New York Times described the boundaries as "stretching from Houston to Canal Streets between West Broadway and Lafayette Street " – a definition it continued to hold to in 2016 – but The Encyclopedia of New York City reports that SoHo

13332-645: The number of crimes is low compared to other NYPD precincts, the residential population is also much lower. With a non-fatal assault rate of 10 per 100,000 people, SoHo's rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 100 per 100,000 people is also lower than that of the city as a whole. The 1st Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 86.3% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct saw 1 murder, 23 rapes, 80 robberies, 61 felony assaults, 85 burglaries, 1,085 grand larcenies, and 21 grand larcenies auto in 2018. SoHo

13464-621: The original pioneering artists remained despite the popular misconception that gentrification forced them to flee. Many residents have lived in the neighborhood for decades. In the mid-1990s, most of the galleries moved to Chelsea, but several galleries remain as of 2013, including DTR Modern Galleries, William Bennett Gallery, Martin Lawrence Galleries , Terrain Gallery , Franklin Bowles Gallery, and Pop International Gallery. SoHo's location,

13596-598: The possibility that the occupied space might be needed for the return of manufacturing to New York City. Pressured on many sides, and organizations such as the Artist Tenant Association and later the Soho Artist Association, the city abandoned attempts to keep the district as strictly industrial space, and in 1971, the Zoning Resolution was amended to permit Joint Live-Work Quarters for artists, and

13728-526: The potential for the plan to incentivize commercial development rather than residential, a criticism echoed by some of the housing advocates who had initially pushed for the plan. In 2022, a team of over 2,000 players constructed a recreation of Soho in the sandbox game Minecraft , as part of the COVID-19 Build the Earth movement. For census purposes, the New York City government classifies SoHo as part of

13860-588: The predominant basis of humanity's economic activities. The philosophy asserts that humanity cannot overcome its biggest problems until people cease to feel that "the world's failure or the failure of a[nother] person enhances one's own life." Siegel stated that until good will rather than contempt is at the center of economics and in the thoughts of people, "civilization has yet to begin." He defined good will as "the desire to have something else stronger and more beautiful, for this desire makes oneself stronger and more beautiful." The philosophic basis of Aesthetic Realism

13992-499: The print magazine. Adding sales from newsstands, The Nation had a total circulation of 96,000 copies per issue in 2021, earning the majority of its revenue from subscriptions and donations, rather than print advertising. Since its creation, The Nation has published significant works of American poetry , including works by Hart Crane , Eli Siegel , Elizabeth Bishop , and Adrienne Rich , as well as W. S. Merwin , Pablo Neruda , Denise Levertov , and Derek Walcott . In 2018,

14124-701: The relevance of Aesthetic Realism and Eli Siegel's Theory of Opposites to their work, are now part of the Smithsonian Archives of American Art. Artists began using Aesthetic Realism in writings about their fields, including Ralph Hattersley , editor of the photography journal Infinity , and Nat Herz , author of articles in Modern Photography and of the Konica Pocket Handbook: An Introduction to Better Photography. Aesthetic Realism: We Have Been There (NY: Definition Press, 1969),

14256-592: The same time period. SoHo and Greenwich Village's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is lower than the rest of New York City. In SoHo and Greenwich Village, 7% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year , less than the citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 91% of high school students in SoHo and Greenwich Village graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%. There are no New York City Department of Education schools in SoHo, although there are several just outside its borders, including: The Montessori School in SoHo

14388-660: The significance of art and ethics throughout history and in our daily lives, include "Ethics Is a Force!"—Songs about Labor, "The Great Fight of Ego vs. Truth"—Songs about Love, Justice & Everybody's Feelings, "Humanity's Opposites—Beginning with Ireland" (Sean O'Casey's Juno and the Paycock and Irish Songs) and "The Civil War, Unions & Our Lives! They also present dramatic readings of Siegel's lectures on Shakespeare , Molière , Richard Brinsley Sheridan , Ibsen , Strindberg , Eugene O'Neill , George Kelly , Susan Glaspell , and others. The matter of racial prejudice has long been

14520-408: The significant change in the neighborhood's character in the previous decades, by the end of the 2010s the area's zoning still reflected its industrial heritage; any new residential development required special permits. As such, in 2019 the city began a public consultation process called "Envision SoHo/NoHo" to plan for future growth and manage change, and ultimately to bring land use rules in line with

14652-501: The space roughly equidistant between Houston Street and Canal Street. In the 1990s, real estate agents began giving an adjacent neighborhood below West Houston Street various appellations, with no general agreement on whether it should be called (or included as part of) West SoHo, Hudson Square or the South Village . The AIA Guide calls that neighborhood "An intersection of brick and glass, searching for an identity", and refers to

14784-415: The teenage birth rate is based on a small sample size. SoHo and Greenwich Village have a low population of residents who are uninsured . In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 4%, less than the citywide rate of 12%, though this was based on a small sample size. The concentration of fine particulate matter , the deadliest type of air pollutant , in SoHo and Greenwich Village

14916-476: The threat to other historic structures, challenged the plans because of the threatened loss of a huge quantity of 19th-century cast-iron buildings. When John V. Lindsay became mayor of New York City in 1966, his initial reaction was to try to push the expressways through, dubbing the project the Lower Manhattan Expressway, depressing some of the proposed highway in residential areas and stressing

15048-564: The time to think through our country's challenges anew. If I agreed with everything written in any given issue of the magazine, it would only mean that you are not doing your jobs. But whether it is your commitment to a fair shot for working Americans, or equality for all Americans, it is heartening to know that an American institution dedicated to provocative, reasoned debate and reflection in pursuit of those ideals can continue to thrive. On January 14, 2016, The Nation endorsed Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders for President . In their reasoning,

15180-510: The total for both print and digital combined was 96,000. The Nation was established on July 6, 1865, at 130 Nassau Street (" Newspaper Row ") in Manhattan . Its founding coincided with the closure of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator , also in 1865, after slavery was abolished by the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ; a group of abolitionists, led by the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted , desired to found

15312-593: The two branches of the Lower Manhattan Expressway , a Robert Moses project that was intended to create an automobile and truck through-route connecting the Manhattan Bridge and Williamsburg Bridge on the east with the Holland Tunnel on the west. The young historic preservation movement and architectural critics, stung by the destruction of the original Pennsylvania Station in 1963 and

15444-423: The war ended before the case was heard. In 1995, Victor Navasky bought the magazine and, in 1996, became publisher. In 1995, Katrina vanden Heuvel succeeded Navasky as editor of The Nation , and in 2005, as publisher. In 2015, The Nation celebrated its 150th anniversary with a documentary film by Academy Award–winning director Barbara Kopple ; a 268-page special issue featuring pieces of art and writing from

15576-521: The western section of it as "The Glass Box District". Unlike Hudson Square, the South Village has traditionally appeared on maps of Community District 2, centered near the intersection of Houston Street and Avenue of the Americas. The more recent map of Community District 2 contains both the South Village and Hudson Square, with the latter written in the area below Houston Street, between Hudson Street and

15708-448: The world honestly, not as a conquest of one's own, is to see the world as the aesthetic oneness of opposites. Three, The greatest danger or temptation of man is to get a false importance or glory from the lessening of things not himself; which lessening is Contempt. Even more briefly, these three divisions can be described as: One, Liking the world; Two, The opposites; Three, The meaning of contempt." A central principle of Aesthetic Realism

15840-477: The world. Approximately 250 cast-iron buildings stand in New York City, and the majority are in SoHo. Cast iron was initially used as a decorative front over a pre-existing building. With the addition of modern, decorative facades, older industrial buildings were able to attract new commercial clients. Most of these facades were constructed during the period from 1840 to 1880. In addition to revitalizing older structures, buildings in SoHo were later designed to feature

15972-423: Was also responsible for academic affairs, including conducting research and organizing conferences, that had been a part of the early history of the magazine. Nation Associates became responsible for the operation and publication of the magazine on a nonprofit basis, with Kirchwey as both president of Nation Associates and editor of The Nation . Before the attack on Pearl Harbor , The Nation repeatedly called on

16104-456: Was for the purpose of teaching men who wanted to change from homosexuality. In 1983, five other men who said they had changed from homosexuality were interviewed on the David Susskind Show. The transcript of this interview was published in the 1986 book The Aesthetic Realism of Eli Siegel and the Change from Homosexuality. With the exception of a brief 1971 review calling The H Persuasion "less

16236-522: Was forced to mortgage some of the property, which was divided up into lots, but even then there was very little development in the area, aside from some manufacturing at Broadway and Canal Street. Serious development of the area did not begin until the Common Council, answering the complaints of landowners in the area, drained the Collect Pond , which had once been an important source of fresh water for

16368-404: Was ignored for a long period of time, as the artist-occupants were using space for which there was little demand due to the city's poor economy at the time, and would have lain dormant or been abandoned otherwise. Nevertheless, as the artist population grew, the city made some attempts to stem the movement, concerned about the occupation of space that did not meet residential building codes, and

16500-660: Was later published as the book James and the Children: A Consideration of Henry James's "The Turn of the Screw" . He gave a series of lectures on Imagination, Religion, and the Arts and Sciences. Aesthetic Realism classes were scholarly and sought to demonstrate that art is related to the problems of everyday life. This contradicts the Freudian view of art as sublimation. Among the earliest students of Aesthetic Realism were Chaim Koppelman (1920–2009),

16632-533: Was returned to him after the sentence was annulled. In the 18th century natural barriers – streams and hills – impeded the growth of the city northward into the Bayard estate, and the area maintained its rural character. During the American Revolution , the area was the location of numerous fortifications , redoubts and breastworks . After the war, Bayard, who had suffered financially because of it,

16764-674: Was set forth systematically by Siegel in two major texts. The first, Self and World: An Explanation of Aesthetic Realism , was written from 1941 to 1943. Individual chapters, including "Psychiatry, Economics, Aesthetics" and "The Aesthetic Method in Self-Conflict", were printed in 1946. The full text was published in 1981. It presents the philosophy in terms of how it applies to everyday life and understanding mind. Chapters include "The Aesthetic Meaning of Psychiatry", "Love and Reality", "The Child", and "The Organization of Self" (NY: Definition Press). A second text, Definitions, and Comment: Being

16896-417: Was slightly higher; and both lost money. It was thought that the two magazines could unite and make the most powerful journal of opinion. The new publication would have been called The Nation and New Republic . Kirchwey was the most hesitant, and both attempts to merge failed. The two magazines would later take very different paths: The Nation achieved a higher circulation, and The New Republic moved more to

17028-444: Was such a bad one that voters should stay home. In June 1979, The Nation ' s publisher Hamilton Fish and then-editor Victor Navasky moved the magazine to 72 Fifth Avenue , in Manhattan . In June 1998, the periodical had to move to make way for condominium development. The offices of The Nation are now at 33 Irving Place, in Manhattan's Gramercy Park neighborhood. In 1977, a group organized by Hamilton Fish V bought

17160-514: Was the first man to report that he changed from homosexuality through Aesthetic Realism. Kranz said that as his way of seeing the world changed, his sexual preference also changed: from a homosexual orientation (he was no longer impelled toward men) to a heterosexual one that included love for a woman for the first time in his life. Kranz was married for 25 years (until his death) to Obie award-winning actress Anne Fielding. In keeping with its general approach, Aesthetic Realism views homosexuality as

17292-578: Was the subject of significant real-estate speculation. This phase came to an end by the close of the 19th century, and as the center of the city continued to move uptown , the quality of the area declined. After World War II , the textile industry largely moved to the South, leaving many large buildings in the district unoccupied. In some buildings they were replaced by warehouses and printing plants, and other buildings were torn down to be replaced by gas stations, auto repair shops and parking lots and garages. By

17424-502: Was used to simulate stone. There was a profusion of cast iron foundries in New York, including Badger's Architectural Iron Works, James L. Jackson's Iron Works, and Cornell Iron Works. Since the iron was pliable and easily molded, sumptuously curved window frames were created, and the strength of the metal allowed these frames considerable height. The once-somber, gas-lit interiors of the industrial district were flooded with sunlight through

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