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92-905: The group has its origins in "Careers in Dance", a full-time dance training course established in 1975 for Aboriginal and Islander students by the Aboriginal Arts Board and headed by African American dancer Carole Johnson , who had links to the Black Power movement in the United States. She set up classes in St James Church Hall in the Sydney suburb of Glebe , where the training included traditional as well as contemporary styles of dance. The group of student dancers established in 1976 grew to include teachers as well as advanced and graduate students of

184-444: A head , hair , neck , torso (which includes the thorax and abdomen ), genitals , arms , hands , legs , and feet . The internal human body includes organs, teeth , bones , muscle , tendons , ligaments , blood vessels and blood , lymphatic vessels and lymph . The study of the human body includes anatomy , physiology , histology and embryology . The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on

276-545: A by-product of the Western culture and rise of feminist viewpoints. The majority of those engaged in dance education and formal training are female. There is an acute lack of active research available in the field of dance education. This is partly due to the fact that most dance educators are more engaged in teaching, choreographing and performing dance as well as directing a student body, leaving little time and room for prospective research. The main questions that need answers in

368-519: A cell . Here, parts of DNA are copied and sent to the body of the cell via RNA . The RNA is then used to create proteins , which form the basis for cells, their activity, and their products. Proteins dictate cell function and gene expression, a cell is able to self-regulate by the amount of proteins produced. However, not all cells have DNA; some cells such as mature red blood cells lose their nucleus as they mature. The body consists of many different types of tissue , defined as cells that act with

460-621: A dance education curriculum is designed to impart the knowledge and skills of performing dance for the students. Knowledge-oriented curricula may cover any of a diverse range of topics, including dance notation , human anatomy , physics , dance history , cultural aspects of dance, and music. A curriculum may involve the study of one or more dance genres, including formal genres such as ballet , ballroom , contemporary , jazz , Latin , tap , pointe, hip hop, jazz funk and informal and social genres such as line , freestyle , and sequence dancing. Professional and vocational dance education

552-573: A field of low priority is partly attributed to the heavy focus on developing the nation's economy. The education system, thus, focuses more on scientific and humanistic subjects with almost no room for aesthetic appreciation of different arts. South Korea has implemented 7 iterations of the national dance curricula formulated by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. The latest iteration places special focus on fostering rational thinking and developing creative expression through dance. However,

644-520: A large administrative burden. John Alderman was appointed to the role of leading the company in 1987, but the Aboriginal Arts Board soon afterwards directed that senior roles needed to be occupied by Aboriginal people, or it would withdraw its funding. In 1991 Raymond D. Blanco , who also danced with the company, became artistic director , the first Indigenous Australian to lead a dance company. The company wound up in 1998. Notable dancers in

736-687: A large professional dance troupe in 1988, AIDT performed in Finland and Germany, and later toured throughout Australia, as well as in Asia, Europe and the Americas. The company became known as the most toured dance company in Australia. In 1989 Johnson resigned, believing at that time that the school and the company were too closely connected, and their aims sometimes conflicted. There were multiple government grants from various sources, demanding different criteria and creating

828-408: A national dance curriculum. Australia has also increased the number of generalist teachers to implement dance as part of their teaching techniques. New Zealand , on the other hand, has eliminated dance from most of its schools, favoring numeracy and literacy more. The country is still facing many debates in regards to the role of dance in education. In the case of South Africa , classical ballet

920-420: A number of body cavities , separated areas which house different organ systems. The brain and central nervous system reside in an area protected from the rest of the body by the blood brain barrier . The lungs sit in the pleural cavity . The intestines , liver , and spleen sit in the abdominal cavity . Height, weight, shape and other body proportions vary individually and with age and sex. Body shape

1012-399: A number of sexually transmitted infections including syphilis , HIV , chlamydia , HPV and genital warts . Cancer can affect most parts of the reproductive system including the penis , testicles , prostate , ovaries , cervix , vagina , fallopian , uterus and vulva . The respiratory system consists of the nose, nasopharynx , trachea , and lungs . It brings oxygen from

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1104-505: A specialised function. The study of tissues is called histology and is often done with a microscope . The body consists of four main types of tissues. These are lining cells ( epithelia ), connective tissue , nerve tissue and muscle tissue . Cells that line surfaces exposed to the outside world or gastrointestinal tract ( epithelia ) or internal cavities ( endothelium ) come in numerous shapes and forms – from single layers of flat cells , to cells with small beating hair-like cilia in

1196-419: A very great stress reliever as well as produces serotonin. Overall, dance helps with long-term memory and spatial recognition. Musicality encompasses four main elements of rhythm, melody, harmony and tone colour. Dance students naturally respond to external stimuli with movement and are generally more sensitive to music. Research examining correlations between personality traits and successful dance careers

1288-442: Is swallowed , and moves through the esophagus to the stomach . In the stomach, food is mixed with gastric acids to allow the extraction of nutrients . What is left is called chyme ; this then moves into the small intestine , which absorbs the nutrients and water from the chyme. What remains passes on to the large intestine , where it is dried to form feces ; these are then stored in the rectum until they are expelled through

1380-433: Is a common disease in which one or more stones form in the gallbladder or biliary tract . Most people are asymptomatic but if a stone blocks the biliary tract, it causes a gallbladder attack , symptoms may include sudden pain in the upper right abdomen or center of the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting may also occur. Typical treatment is removal of the gallbladder through a procedure called a cholecystectomy . Having gallstones

1472-435: Is a practice whereby students are taught a broad understanding of dance as a form of art and who are trained professionally in many different genres of dance. Dance education consists of specialized dancers who conduct original research for teaching others how to dance. Currently, dance itself is considered an allied form of art and music , thus dance in formal education is closely knit with these disciplines. In general,

1564-444: Is a risk factor for gallbladder cancer , which although quite uncommon, is rapidly fatal if not diagnosed early. The circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels ( arteries , veins and capillaries ). The heart propels the circulation of the blood, which serves as a "transportation system" to transfer oxygen , fuel, nutrients, waste products, immune cells and signaling molecules (i.e. hormones ) from one part of

1656-401: Is access to a variety of sources such as teachers, mentors, parents and financial resources. The latter has the most weight as the ability to travel and gain access to dance lessons with competent instructors is directly linked to one's financial means. Dance has been historically perceived as part of one's gender role . However, dance has been increasingly classified as a female art form as

1748-415: Is brought by the ureters from the kidneys down to the bladder . The smooth muscle lining the ureter walls continuously tighten and relax through a process called peristalsis to force urine away from the kidneys and down into the bladder. Small amounts of urine are released into the bladder every 10–15 seconds. The bladder is a hollow balloon shaped organ located in the pelvis . It stores urine until

1840-409: Is essential for dancers to maintain muscle mass as it directly influences strength production. Dancers are found to have higher than average muscle memory that allows them to recall dance movements of a given choreography. Professional dancers, especially, are known to have an outstanding long-term memory. According to a study conducted by Harvard Medical School, dance improves brain health by being

1932-664: Is extremely lacking Dance talent development across the lifespan: a review of current research. There are findings linking dancers to such personality traits like openness to new experiences and creativity. However, there is not enough empirical evidence to conclude that certain personality traits lead to higher success in pursuing dance education. Success in dance education is dependent on optimal motivation, growth mindsets, well-developed psychological strength and social skills. Motivated dancers are more likely to persist with their education and sharpen their capabilities to attain optimal results. A key element of successful dance education

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2024-575: Is important that they focus more on listening to the beats of the music and practicing beginner moves to the rhythm. Although dance education in general does not have an extremely rigid framework, dance in primary education embodies this flexibility and strongly emphasizes the importance of creativity. Dance has not currently established its role in secondary education due to an increasingly overwhelming focus of modern education on disciplines like mathematics, science, and literacy. The general guidelines for implementing dance in secondary education stress

2116-419: Is influenced by the distribution of bones, muscle and fat tissue . Human physiology is the study of how the human body functions. This includes the mechanical, physical, bioelectrical , and biochemical functions of humans in good health, from organs to the cells of which they are composed. The human body consists of many interacting systems of organs. These interact to maintain homeostasis , keeping

2208-553: Is more widely accepted as part of formal education, especially in primary schools. For instance, Germany requires public primary schools to make dance part of the official curriculum. Portugal has implemented dance into physical education of secondary school students. However, different countries face different challenges. In Finland , for example, dance is more advocated as part of the formal education in private sectors as opposed to Germany and Portugal. The Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority has implemented

2300-509: Is mostly responsible for gathering information with sensory neurons and directing body movements with motor neurons . From a functional perspective, the nervous system is again typically divided into two component parts: the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The SNS is involved in voluntary functions like speaking and sensory processes . The ANS is involved in involuntary processes, such as digestion and regulating blood pressure . The nervous system

2392-628: Is offered by both public and private institutions. Private institutions, which are commonly known as dance schools or dance colleges, are typically focused on dance education, whereas public institutions usually cover a broad range of topics. Examples of private institutions include the Royal Ballet School and the School of American Ballet , the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater (now The Ailey School) , The Juilliard School , and

2484-405: Is similar to the circulatory system in terms of both its structure and its most basic function, to carry a body fluid. The musculoskeletal system consists of the human skeleton (which includes bones , ligaments , tendons , joints and cartilage ) and attached muscles . It gives the body basic structure and the ability for movement. In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in

2576-536: Is still a big challenge in dance education. Overall, dance evaluation is based on the dancer's presence, movement, rhythm, timing, posture, and how well the skills are executed. The ability to pursue dance education through stages of formal education and later as a career is defined by a number of different factors. The ability to meet the physical demands of a given task is crucial in being able to perform dance. Professional and pre-professional dancers exhibit greater than average flexibility and muscular strength. It

2668-430: Is subject to many different diseases. In epilepsy , abnormal electrical activity in the brain can cause seizures . In multiple sclerosis , the immune system attacks the nerve linings , damaging the nerves' ability to transmit signals. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease, is a motor neuron disease which gradually reduces movement in patients. There are also many other diseases of

2760-425: Is the organ of thought , emotion, memory , and sensory processing ; it serves many aspects of communication and controls various systems and functions. The special senses consist of vision , hearing , taste , and smell . The eyes , ears , tongue , and nose gather information about the body's environment. From a structural perspective, the nervous system is typically subdivided into two component parts:

2852-430: Is the process of evaluating students’ individual performances. Some of the most common dance assessment methods are auditions and stage performances, direct observations in class, self-assessments, peer responses, portfolios, and written examinations of dance knowledge. Dance educators strongly advocate the standardization of curricula and assessments in order to improve teaching methods. The National Dance Association of

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2944-442: Is the study of the shape and form of the human body. The human body has four limbs (two arms and two legs), a head and a neck , which connect to the torso . The body's shape is determined by a strong skeleton made of bone and cartilage , surrounded by fat ( adipose tissue ), muscle, connective tissue , organs, and other structures. The spine at the back of the skeleton contains the flexible vertebral column , which surrounds

3036-409: Is to watch videos of one's favorite dancers and imitate their moves. The choreographer Wade Robson learned to dance this way. Another way is to befriend excellent dancers, and learn their moves from them. One actually can learn moves from any other dancer. One can film oneself dancing to get feedback on how looks dancing. Although one is able to self-teach dance moves, it is not recommended due to

3128-433: Is variable in shape and size. It stores bile before it is released into the small intestine via the common bile duct to help with digestion of fats . It receives bile from the liver via the cystic duct , which connects to the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct . The gallbladder gets its blood supply from the cystic artery , which in most people, emerges from the right hepatic artery . Gallstones

3220-544: The Joffrey Ballet (Chicago, Illinois) , Hubbard Street Dance Chicago , Houston Ballet , the Boston Ballet , and San Francisco Ballet companies. There are at least three categories of classes. Regular dance classes will generally go more than a few weeks. For younger students, many dance schools will follow the local school calendar. Majority of dance studios start the new season at the beginning of August and last until

3312-441: The anus . The endocrine system consists of the principal endocrine glands : the pituitary , thyroid , adrenals , pancreas , parathyroids , and gonads , but nearly all organs and tissues produce specific endocrine hormones as well. The endocrine hormones serve as signals from one body system to another regarding an enormous array of conditions, resulting in variety of changes of function. The immune system consists of

3404-517: The central nervous system (CNS), composed of the brain and the spinal cord ; and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), composed of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is mostly responsible for organizing motion , processing sensory information , thought, memory, cognition and other such functions. It remains a matter of some debate whether the CNS directly gives rise to consciousness . The peripheral nervous system (PNS)

3496-468: The heart , lungs and liver . Many organs reside within cavities within the body. These cavities include the abdomen (which contains the stomach, for example) and pleura , which contains the lungs. The heart is an organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs and slightly to the left. It is surrounded by the pericardium , which holds it in place in the mediastinum and serves to protect it from blunt trauma, infection and help lubricate

3588-441: The kidneys filter the blood through their respective nephrons , removing waste products like urea , creatinine and maintaining the proper balance of electrolytes and turning the waste products into urine by combining them with water from the blood. The kidneys filter about 150 quarts (170 liters) of blood daily, but most of it is returned to the blood stream with only 1-2 quarts (1-2 liters) ending up as urine. The urine

3680-456: The ovary of a female is penetrated by sperm . The egg then lodges in the uterus , where an embryo and later fetus develop until birth . Growth and development occur after birth, and include both physical and psychological development, influenced by genetic, hormonal, environmental and other factors. Development and growth continue throughout life, through childhood , adolescence , and through adulthood to old age , and are referred to as

3772-407: The sinoatrial node traveling through the atria causing them to pump blood into the ventricles . It then travels to the atrioventricular node , which makes the signal slow down slightly allowing the ventricles to fill with blood before pumping it out and starting the cycle over again. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide , making up 16% of all deaths. It is caused by

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3864-400: The spinal cord , which is a collection of nerve fibres connecting the brain to the rest of the body. Nerves connect the spinal cord and brain to the rest of the body. All major bones, muscles, and nerves in the body are named, with the exception of anatomical variations such as sesamoid bones and accessory muscles . Blood vessels carry blood throughout the body, which moves because of

3956-421: The spleen and bone marrow . The digestive system consists of the mouth including the tongue and teeth , esophagus , stomach , ( gastrointestinal tract , small and large intestines , and rectum ), as well as the liver , pancreas , gallbladder , and salivary glands . It converts food into small, nutritional, non-toxic molecules for distribution and absorption into the body. These molecules take

4048-432: The testicles . The testicle is the gonad , the sex gland that produces the sperm cells . Unlike the egg cells in the female, sperm cells are produced throughout life. Other internal sex organs are the epididymides , vasa deferentia , and some accessory glands . Diseases that affect the reproductive system include polycystic ovary syndrome , a number of disorders of the testicles including testicular torsion , and

4140-427: The uterus , and the cervix . At birth there are about 70,000 immature egg cells that degenerate until at puberty there are around 40,000. No more egg cells are produced. Hormones stimulate the beginning of menstruation, and the ongoing menstrual cycles . The female external sex organs are the vulva ( labia , clitoris , and vestibule ). The male external genitalia include the penis and scrotum that contains

4232-441: The white blood cells , the thymus , lymph nodes and lymph channels, which are also part of the lymphatic system . The immune system provides a mechanism for the body to distinguish its own cells and tissues from outside cells and substances and to neutralize or destroy the latter by using specialized proteins such as antibodies , cytokines , and toll-like receptors , among many others. The integumentary system consists of

4324-424: The 1926 marked the introduction of the first dance major into the college curriculum. Consequently, the 20th century saw an increased emphasis on creativity and self-expression in dance curricula. This shift has been reflected in formal education. Due to primary children being naturally active, the dance curriculum strives to build upon this. Younger children have a harder time remembering full dance routines, so it

4416-548: The 1970s included Wayne Nicol, Michael Leslie , Richard Talonga, and Lillian Crombie . Malcolm Cole (1949-1995), was an Aboriginal and South Sea Islander man from Far North Queensland , who later also taught at the college. He is especially remembered for his participation in the 1988 Sydney Mardi Gras , in which, in collaboration with artist Panos Couros, he enacted the story of the First Fleet , with himself as Captain Cook –

4508-770: The Boston Conservatory at Berklee . Many public and private universities and colleges offer minor programs in dance, or major programs with academic degrees such as Bachelor of Arts , Bachelor of Fine Arts , and Master of Fine Arts in dance. Some public secondary education institutions offer comprehensive dance education curricula. For example, Jefferson High School (Portland, Oregon) offers concentrated vocational dance education in conjunction with its pre-professional dance company, The Jefferson Dancers . In addition, some dance companies offer pre-professional, adult, community, adaptive dance training, and/or workshops, along with their company programs. Some examples include:

4600-611: The NAISDA ( National Aboriginal and Islander Skills Development Association ) Dance College, and in 1988 became a professional performing group. In 1977 AIDT embarked on its first international tour, with Wayne Nicol, Michael Leslie , Richard Talonga, Lillian Crombie and Roslyn Watson (as guest artist) performing at the Second African and Black World Festival of Arts and Culture ( FESTAC 77 ) in Nigeria . After undergoing its transformation into

4692-697: The Singaporean school system starting from 1967. However, dance is to this day not an official subject of study in Singapore . There is no national framework outline for dance education. Dance is embedded in the Physical Education curriculum. Furthermore, as stated by the National Arts Council of Singapore, research and documentation in the area of dance education are severely lacking. The classification of dance education, or arts education in general, as

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4784-408: The United States has formulated seven standards by which students are evaluated. These standards include a various set of skills, from being able to understand and perform choreographies to applying critical thinking and problem-solving skills to learning dance. On the other hand, dance assessment refers to the process of evaluating dance teaching programs. Dance program assessments are mostly based on

4876-436: The ages of 9 and 13 and is characterized by ovulation and menstruation ; the growth of secondary sex characteristics, such as growth of pubic and underarm hair , breast , uterine and vaginal growth, widening hips and increased height and weight, also occur during puberty. Male puberty sees the further development of the penis and testicles . The female inner sex organs are the two ovaries, their fallopian tubes ,

4968-435: The air and excretes carbon dioxide and water back into the air. First, air is pulled through the trachea into the lungs by the diaphragm pushing down, which creates a vacuum . Air is briefly stored inside small sacs known as alveoli (sing.: alveolus) before being expelled from the lungs when the diaphragm contracts again. Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries carrying deoxygenated blood, which absorbs oxygen out of

5060-420: The air and into the bloodstream . For the respiratory system to function properly, there need to be as few impediments as possible to the movement of air within the lungs. Inflammation of the lungs and excess mucus are common sources of breathing difficulties. In asthma , the respiratory system is persistently inflamed, causing wheezing or shortness of breath . Pneumonia occurs through infection of

5152-400: The alveoli, and may be caused by tuberculosis . Emphysema , commonly a result of smoking , is caused by damage to connections between the alveoli. The urinary system consists of the two kidneys , two ureters , bladder , and urethra . It removes waste materials from the blood through urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess ions and water out of the body. First,

5244-406: The beating of the heart . Venules and veins collect blood low in oxygen from tissues throughout the body. These collect in progressively larger veins until they reach the body's two largest veins, the superior and inferior vena cava , which drain blood into the right side of the heart. From here, the blood is pumped into the lungs where it receives oxygen and drains back into the left side of

5336-500: The beginning of June. This makes a typical dance season about 40 weeks long. Dance workshops generally go from a day to a week, often in Summer, and offer a variety of dancers an opportunity to hone their skills. Dance intensives are generally for higher-level dancers. They have a more focused lesson plan than workshops, and last between two weeks and a month. It is possible, to one degree or another, to teach oneself to dance . One way

5428-427: The body contain bone marrow , the site of production of blood cells. Also, all bones are major storage sites for calcium and phosphate . This system can be split up into the muscular system and the skeletal system . The nervous system consists of the body's neurons and glial cells, which together form the nerves , ganglia and gray matter , which in turn form the brain and related structures. The brain

5520-423: The body in a stable state with safe levels of substances such as sugar and oxygen in the blood. Each system contributes to homeostasis, of itself, other systems, and the entire body. Some combined systems are referred to by joint names. For example, the nervous system and the endocrine system operate together as the neuroendocrine system . The nervous system receives information from the body, and transmits this to

5612-441: The body to another. Paths of blood circulation within the human body can be divided into two circuits: the pulmonary circuit , which pumps blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and leave carbon dioxide , and the systemic circuit, which carries blood from the heart off to the rest of the body. The blood consists of fluid that carries cells in the circulation, including some that move from tissue to blood vessels and back, as well as

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5704-558: The body. The adult male body is about 60% total body water content of some 42 litres (9.2 imp gal; 11 US gal). This is made up of about 19 litres (4.2 imp gal; 5.0 US gal) of extracellular fluid including about 3.2 litres (0.70 imp gal; 0.85 US gal) of blood plasma and about 8.4 litres (1.8 imp gal; 2.2 US gal) of interstitial fluid , and about 23 litres (5.1 imp gal; 6.1 US gal) of fluid inside cells. The content, acidity and composition of

5796-412: The brain signals it to relax the urinary sphincter and release the urine into the urethra starting urination . A normal bladder can hold up to 16 ounces (half a liter) for 3–5 hours comfortably. Numerous diseases affect the urinary system including kidney stones , which are formed when materials in the urine concentrate enough to form a solid mass, urinary tract infections , which are infections of

5888-463: The brain via nerve impulses and neurotransmitters . At the same time, the endocrine system releases hormones, such as to help regulate blood pressure and volume. Together, these systems regulate the internal environment of the body, maintaining blood flow, posture, energy supply, temperature, and acid balance ( pH ). Development of the human body is the process of growth to maturity. The process begins with fertilisation, where an egg released from

5980-481: The buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries supplying the heart, eventually the arteries may become so narrow that not enough blood is able to reach the myocardium , a condition known as myocardial infarction or heart attack , this can cause heart failure or cardiac arrest and eventually death. Risk factors for coronary artery disease include obesity , smoking , high cholesterol , high blood pressure , lack of exercise and diabetes . Cancer can affect

6072-412: The cell numbers of all the organs of the body and cell types . The skin of the body is also host to billions of commensal organisms as well as immune cells. Not all parts of the body are made from cells. Cells sit in an extracellular matrix that consists of proteins such as collagen , surrounded by extracellular fluids. Cells in the body function because of DNA . DNA sits within the nucleus of

6164-432: The covering of the body (the skin ), including hair and nails as well as other functionally important structures such as the sweat glands and sebaceous glands . The skin provides containment, structure, and protection for other organs, and serves as a major sensory interface with the outside world. The lymphatic system extracts, transports and metabolizes lymph, the fluid found in between cells. The lymphatic system

6256-455: The cultural identity of ethnic groups. The United States was the first nation to introduce dance into formal education. Dance education in the US is more prevalent in colleges and universities. The American dance curriculum is based on national voluntary arts education standards. The United States dance framework focuses on performing, choreographing, and relating dance to other disciplines. Up until

6348-406: The dance education as we know it today. The development of voluntary arts education standards in 1996 initiated the standardisation of dance across America. The start of the new century has outlined new challenges for dance education such as implementing technology into dance education, using dance to support diverse groups and creating experiences for interdisciplinary learning. In Europe , dance

6440-413: The fact that executing the skills incorrectly can cause injury. It is very vital that when learning dance, the dancers should also learn correct form because if not, it can prevent the dancer from progressing. Early formal dance education was heavily influenced by Western dance styles and, as a consequence, was a highly technical discipline, focusing on specific routines and requiring set steps. However,

6532-404: The first ever Aboriginal float entry in the parade. Notable dancers in the 1980s included Monica Stevens and Sylvia Blanco . Stevens is featured in "NAISDA with Monica Stevens", an episode in the 2013 documentary television series Desperate Measures . It is available on SBS on Demand . Dance tutors included Janet Munyarryun , Larry Gurruwiwi . Dance education Dance education

6624-458: The form of proteins (which are broken down into amino acids ), fats , vitamins and minerals (the last of which are mainly ionic rather than molecular). After being swallowed , food moves through the gastrointestinal tract by means of peristalsis : the systematic expansion and contraction of muscles to push food from one area to the next. Digestion begins in the mouth , which chews food into smaller pieces for easier digestion. Then it

6716-419: The form of research revolve around the effects of dance education on its learners, assessment of dance education, and methodologies of different institutions as well as teachers. Dance research in the 1970s had the tendency to present non-Western forms of dance as inferior to the Western theatrical dance. This phenomenon became especially apparent in ballet - it was defined as the pinnacle of dance. Although

6808-580: The framework of best practices created by experts. However, dance evaluation studies are rarely published, making it hard for the dance community to reach a consensus on unified international standards. However, dance evaluation is an extremely complex process on levels of both individual performances and teaching programs as dance is a nonverbal form of art and is closely tied to many parts of one's personal identity such as body image, sexuality, gender, religion as well as spirituality. Evaluating dance, both in terms of individual student performances and programs,

6900-403: The heart , though it is exceedingly rare and has usually metastasized from another part of the body such as the lungs or breasts . This is because the heart cells quickly stop dividing and all growth occurs through size increase rather than cell division . The gallbladder is a hollow pear-shaped organ located posterior to the inferior middle part of the right lobe of the liver . It

6992-434: The heart. From here, it is pumped into the body's largest artery , the aorta , and then progressively smaller arteries and arterioles until it reaches tissue. Here, blood passes from small arteries into capillaries , then small veins and the process begins again. Blood carries oxygen , waste products, and hormones from one place in the body to another. Blood is filtered at the kidneys and liver . The body consists of

7084-432: The importance of self-expression and independence as teenagers exhibit a strong desire to establish their identity. It is important for the representatives of this age group not to feel like engaging in dance is threatening their ego. The implementation of dance into formal education first began in the sector of higher education. Higher dance education focuses on the intellectual inspection of human physicality rather than

7176-453: The issue of Western bias in dance education research remains present, the efforts to enrich the dance education identity with diversity have received significant support and investment. Human anatomy The human body is the entire structure of a human being . It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems . The external human body consists of

7268-421: The lungs, to column-like cells that line the stomach . Endothelial cells are cells that line internal cavities including blood vessels and glands. Lining cells regulate what can and cannot pass through them, protect internal structures, and function as sensory surfaces. Organs , structured collections of cells with a specific function, mostly sit within the body, with the exception of skin . Examples include

7360-415: The movement of the heart via pericardial fluid . The heart works by pumping blood around the body allowing oxygen , nutrients , waste , hormones and white blood cells to be transported. The heart is composed of two atria and two ventricles . The primary purpose of the atria is to allow uninterrupted venous blood flow to the heart during ventricular systole . This allows enough blood to get into

7452-534: The multicultural identity of South Africa poses difficulties in unifying assessments and curricula, the current system strives to improve the dance education system with the aims of teaching lifelong skills and appreciation of one's cultural heritage through dance. Syria has a long history of dance education woven into its culture and traditions. Dance in Syria was influenced heavily by Europe and Russia and performed in nonformal settings of homes and communities. With

7544-491: The national dance curriculum is questioned in terms of its efficacy as there are no measurable effects of dance on the development of creativity. Dance is offered in schools based on demand, with the majority of South Korean schools not offering dance courses at all. Dance is evaluated in varying ways across many countries, institutions and methodologies. There are two levels of evaluating dance: individual performance assessments and teaching program evaluations. On one hand, it

7636-407: The nervous system. The purpose of the reproductive system is to reproduce and nurture the growth of offspring. The functions include the production of germ cells and hormones. The sex organs of the male reproductive system and the female reproductive system develops and mature at puberty . These systems include the internal and external genitalia . Female puberty generally occurs between

7728-453: The start of expanding dance into many realms. The early 20th century lacked a unified standard approach to dance with very few written resources of teaching dance. In the 1960s Dance began slowly transitioning from physical education into the realms of fine and performance arts, with increasingly more colleges and universities starting to offer dance majors. The 1970s are described as the boom of dance in colleges and universities and shaped

7820-488: The start of the Civil War in Syria , dance practices have continued. However, the war resulted in many artists leaving the country. Although the lack of resources and staff shortage made it hard to maintain systematic efforts in teaching dance, those still engaged in dance education highlight how dance has become a source of hope, support, and reassurance during the uncertain times of their home country. Dance has been part of

7912-539: The start of the 1900s, dance was considered an integral part of upper class life, but it was not viewed as part of one's education. The 1910s and 1920s saw the rise of dance in colleges and universities. In 1926, the first dance major was created in the University of Wisconsin by Margaret H’Doubler. At this point, dance education was part of physical education. Dance was mainly taught to females until legislation required educators to place focus on coeducational sports, marking

8004-525: The systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis , with safe levels of substances such as sugar , iron , and oxygen in the blood. The body is studied by health professionals , physiologists, anatomists, and artists to assist them in their work. The human body is composed of elements including hydrogen , oxygen , carbon , calcium and phosphorus . These elements reside in trillions of cells and non-cellular components of

8096-528: The training of professional dancers. Consequently, there is an increasing conflict between formal higher dance education and the education of actual professional dancers, who mostly train in private sectors. Dance has faced many challenges on a global level on its way to becoming an acknowledged form of art and part of the wider education system. Its current place in education is still under discussion. Different countries have varied perspectives and approaches to dance education due to dance's close connection with

8188-405: The urinary tract and can cause pain when urinating, frequent urination and even death if left untreated. Renal failure occurs when the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste from the blood and can lead to death if not treated with dialysis or kidney transplantation . Cancer can affect the bladder , kidneys , urethra and ureters , with the latter two being far more rare. Human anatomy

8280-417: The ventricles during atrial systole . Consequently, the atria allows a cardiac output roughly 75% greater than would be possible without them. The purpose of the ventricles is to pump blood to the lungs through the right ventricle and to the rest of the body through the left ventricle. The heart has an electrical conduction system to control the contraction and relaxation of the muscles. It starts in

8372-401: The water inside and outside cells is carefully maintained. The main electrolytes in body water outside cells are sodium and chloride , whereas within cells it is potassium and other phosphates . The body contains trillions of cells , the fundamental unit of life. At maturity, there are roughly 30 trillion cells, and 38 trillion bacteria in the body, an estimate arrived at by totaling

8464-569: Was the only primarily available form of dance education before 1994 and was taught in a few schools that charged extra fees on top of the school tuition. However, with the recent changes in the National Curriculum, all schools in the Western Cape are required to include dance education in their curriculum. The unique aspect of the current South African dance education system is its emphasis on teaching cultural heritage through dance. Although

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