The Tupolev ANT-9 ( Russian : Туполев АНТ-9 ) was a Soviet passenger aircraft of the 1930s. It was developed as a reaction to the demand for a domestic airliner. At this time Deruluft , one of the forerunners of Aeroflot , flew only with foreign models, which were mainly German or Dutch.
8-761: Design work began in December 1927. The first prototype, named Krylia Sovietov (Wings of the Soviets) used three French Gnome-Rhone Titan radial engines . It was presented to the public on 1 May 1929 at Red Square and it went to the national flight testing, which was completed in June. In the first series 12 aircraft were built. In production, the Titan engines were replaced with M-26 engines, but these proved too unreliable and were replaced with imported Wright Whirlwind engines. Two of these airplanes were used by Deruluft , starting from 1933 on
16-638: The Bristol Jupiter as possible. Cylinders, pistons, articulated connecting rods, crankshaft and other minor parts were interchangeable with the Jupiter. The major significance of the Titan was that it was licensed to Gnome-Rhône and became the pattern for the Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K . In 1927 Gnome-Rhône was looking for ways out of its licence agreement with Bristol for the Jupiter engine of 1920 and began to produce
24-602: The Berlin-Moscow service. Mikhail Gromov accomplished a European round flight on the route Moscow – Travemünde – Berlin – Paris – Rome – Marseille – London – Paris – Berlin – Warsaw – Moscow with the Krylia Sovietov, which lasted from 10 July to 8 August 1929 and generated considerable publicity. It carried eight passengers over a distance of 9,037 km (5,615 mi), in 53 flying hours with an average speed of 177 km/h (110 mph). In September 1930, testing of
32-509: The Gnome-Rhône 5B and 5K without royalties. Gnome-Rhône was not satisfied with simply producing Bristol designs under licence, and started a major design effort based around the mechanics of the Titan engine. The results were introduced in 1927 as the K-series, spanning the 260 hp (190 kW) Gnome-Rhône 5K Titan, the seven-cylinder 370 hp (280 kW) Gnome-Rhône 7K Titan Major, and
40-610: The Wright-powered version of the ANT-9 was completed. A few were used as executive transports for the Soviet Air Forces. A military variant with standard and retractable turrets was under construction, but was abandoned before trials began. An ambulance version was studied and considered, but never built. In 1932, GVF engineer Sergei Ivanovich Komarov proposed a modification of the ANT-9 wing to accommodate two M-17 engines, similar to what
48-471: The same size cylinders as the earlier Bristol Mercury engine, 5.75 in × 6.5 in (146 mm × 165 mm) (displacing 844 cu in (13.83 L)), and produced between 200–240 hp (150–180 kW). Later versions of the Bristol Titan also used a Farman -style reduction gear produced by Gnome-Rhône. The engine was designed as a five-cylinder radial, to use as many parts of
56-778: Was done on the R-6 . Production began in 1933 as the PS-9 ([пассажирский самолёт] Error: {{Langx}}: invalid parameter: |labels= ( help ) , passenger airplane). The number of aircraft built amounted to about 70 machines. Up to the beginning of the German invasion of the Soviet Union , they served as passenger or staff airplanes mainly on routes in Central Asia and the Caucasus . Afterwards they were used until 1943 as transportation and medical airplanes. One PS-9
64-475: Was modified into a propaganda aircraft named Krokodil (Crocodile) with a reptile-like plywood nose. Data from The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995 General characteristics Performance Bristol Titan The Bristol Titan was a British five-cylinder air-cooled radial engine , designed and built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the late 1920s. It had
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