Misplaced Pages

#245754

22-446: This machine was developed as a successor to the SR-3 or SR-6 radar, which is an L Band air search radar that has been used in the past. The development is said to have been influenced by AN/TPS-1 , which was a portable air radar for the ground. As the antenna , a parabolic antenna that uses a horn antenna as the primary radiation source is adopted. In addition, the modular design allows

44-1076: A means of imaging the normally invisible neutral atomic hydrogen in interstellar space. The band also contains hydroxyl radical transition lines at 1665 and 1667 MHz. Consequently, parts of the L band are protected radio astronomy allocations worldwide. Specifically, the 1400–1427 MHz and 1660.6–1670.0 MHz regions are protected. ELF 3 Hz/100 Mm 30 Hz/10 Mm SLF 30 Hz/10 Mm 300 Hz/1 Mm ULF 300 Hz/1 Mm 3 kHz/100 km VLF 3 kHz/100 km 30 kHz/10 km LF 30 kHz/10 km 300 kHz/1 km MF 300 kHz/1 km 3 MHz/100 m HF 3 MHz/100 m 30 MHz/10 m VHF 30 MHz/10 m 300 MHz/1 m UHF 300 MHz/1 m 3 GHz/100 mm SHF 3 GHz/100 mm 30 GHz/10 mm EHF 30 GHz/10 mm 300 GHz/1 mm THF 300 GHz/1 mm 3 THz/0.1 mm Isuzu-class destroyer escort The Isuzu -class destroyer escorts were four destroyer escorts (or frigates ) built for

66-743: Is 3 ° x 30 °, 60 nmi (110 km) for fighter aircraft (about one-third for FH-1 ), and for B-29 at an altitude of 31,000 ft (9,400 m). It was detected at 145 nmi (269 km). The prototype was handed over to the Navy in 1948, and in September of the same year, USS  Macon began testing. In December, it was installed on USS  Winslow , USS  Zellars , USS  Massey and USS  Saipan . The mass-produced AN / SPS-6A / B began delivery in sequence from 1950 to 1952, including radar picket ships , Essex -class aircraft carriers with ( SCB-27 A), and Independence -class aircraft carriers . It

88-600: The Ayanami -class destroyer was equipped with AN/SPS-12, and this technology was backfitted to the OPS-1. Later, the OPS-2, which had the same transmitter and receiver and a smaller antenna, was also developed for installation on the Isuzu -class destroyer . The maximum detection distance when targeting PV-2 was 50 nautical miles (93 km) for OPS-2. In the ships built from between 1958 and 1960,

110-568: The GLONASS System, and the BeiDou systems use the L band similar to GPS, although the frequency ranges are named differently. Modern receivers, such as those found in smartphones , are able to take advantage of multiple systems (usually only around the oldest L1 band) at the same time. Mobile phones operate at 600–900 and 1700–2100 MHz. Iridium Communications satellite phones use frequencies between 1616 and 1626.5 MHz to communicate with

132-781: The International Telecommunication Union allow amateur radio operations in the frequency range 1,240–1,300 MHz, and amateur satellite up-links are allowed in the range 1,260–1,270 MHz. This is known as the 23-centimeter band by radio amateurs and as the L-band by AMSAT . In the United States and overseas territories , the L band is held by the military for telemetry , thereby forcing digital radio to in-band on-channel (IBOC) solutions. Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) in Europe primarily uses Band III , but

154-526: The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in the early 1960s. The latter two ( Kitakami and Ōi ) were quite different from the earlier two vessels in their propulsion and weaponry, so sometimes they were classified as the " Kitakami class". This class was the first JMSDF surface combatant adopted shelter-deck design. Propulsion systems varied in each vessels because the JMSDF tried to find

176-661: The microwave range. In Europe, the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) has harmonized part of the L band (1452–1492 MHz), allowing individual countries to adopt this spectrum for terrestrial mobile/fixed communications networks supplemental downlink (MFCN SDL). By means of carrier aggregation, an LTE-Advanced or UMTS/ HSDPA base station could use this spectrum to provide additional bandwidth for communications from

198-510: The Navy. It was also installed on Iroquois-class destroyers until the TRUMP was refurbished from the late 1980s to the 1990s. L band The L band is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) designation for the range of frequencies in the radio spectrum from 1 to 2 gigahertz (GHz). This is at the top end of the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, at the lower end of

220-628: The OPS-1 was mounted on destroyers and the OPS-2 was mounted on destroyer escorts . Ships after 1962 and 1966 are now equipped with the B Band OPS-11 . However, after that, OPS-14 was developed based on OPS-1 and OPS-2. It was developed in Canada by combining the AN/SPS-12 transmitter with the LW-03 antenna manufactured by Signar of the Netherlands . In 1967, it was commissioned on board HMCS Bonaventure of

242-751: The base station to the mobile device; i.e., in the downlink direction. In the Americas, mobile services are operated between the 1.7 GHz to 2.1 GHz range in the PCS and AWS bands. The Global Positioning System carriers are in the L band, centered at 1176.45 MHz (L5), 1227.60 MHz (L2), 1381.05 MHz (L3), and 1575.42 MHz (L1) frequencies. L band waves are used for GPS units because they are able to penetrate clouds, fog, rain, storms, and vegetation. Only dense environments such as heavy forest canopies or concrete buildings can cause GPS units to receive data inaccurately. The Galileo Navigation System ,

SECTION 10

#1733085752246

264-533: The best way in the propulsion systems of future DEs. The design concept of this class and the CODAD propulsion system of the Kitakami class became prototype of them of the latter DEs and DDKs such as Chikugo class and Yamagumo class . The gun system was a scale-down version of the Ayanami class , four 3-inch/50-caliber Mark 22 guns with two Mark 33 dual mounts controlled by a Mark 63 GFCS. Main air-search radar

286-681: The better AN/SPS-29. All of these used the same UHF band ( B Band ) as CXAM during the war. In the early 1950s, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force obtained AN/SPS-6 under the Military Assistance Plan (MAP) based on the MSA Agreement for installation on the Harukaze -class destroyer , and domestically produced it based on this. The OPS-1 was developed and installed in the first Akizuki -class destroyer . In addition,

308-466: The configuration to be expanded or contracted according to the ship on which it is mounted. Initially, the following three models existed. The antenna dimensions were 18 ft (5,500 mm) x 5 ft (1,500 mm), the beamwidth was 3 ° x 10 °, and it could be detected at 80 nmi (150 km) for the fighter. The antenna size was similar to -6, but the beamwidth was 3 ° x 20 ° and a fighter could be detected at 70 nmi (130 km). The beam width

330-461: The ground as well as between them for traffic information and avoidance. The 1090 MHz frequency (paired with 1030 MHz) is also used by Mode S transponders, which ADS-B augments when operated at this frequency. The TCAS system also utilizes the 1030/1090   MHz paired frequencies. ADS-B information can also be broadcast on the L band frequency of 978 MHz. DME and TACAN systems are also in this frequency band. The Radio Regulations of

352-540: The other hand, for this reason, the shock resistance is low and the rotation speed is also reduced. The AN/SPS-6D is based on the AN/SPS-6C and omits the IFF, and the final model. The AN/SPS-6E, uses a more improved transmitter. AN/SPS-12 is a completely improved version based on SPS-6C. The antenna measures 17 ft (5.2 m) x 6 ft (1.8 m), weighs 550 lb (250 kg), and has a PRF of 300 to 600 pps. The radar coverage

374-616: The satellites. Iridium Communications 2-way messaging service Snapdragon Satellite will utilize frequencies in the L Band as well. Inmarsat and Ligado Networks (formerly LightSquared ) terminals use frequencies between 1525 and 1646.5 MHz. Thuraya satellite phones use frequencies between 1525 and 1661 MHz. NOAA cyclically broadcasts weather data from its two geosynchronous satellites on 1694.1 MHz. The aircraft L-band ranges from 960–1215   MHz. Aircraft can use Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) equipment at 1090 MHz to communicate position information to

396-476: Was a OPS-2, Japanese variant of the American AN/SPS-12. In the earlier batch, the main anti-submarine warfare (ASW) armament was a Mk.108 Weapon Alpha . The JMSDF desired this American brand-new ASW rocket launcher earnestly, but then, it became clear that it was not as good as it was supposed to be. So in the latter batch, it was changed with a M/50 , Swedish 375 mm quadruple ASW rocket launcher. Later,

418-556: Was discontinued, and then the AN/SPS-12C, which introduced an RCA parametric amplifier in the transmitter and receiver, was deployed. The AN/SPS-12 series was produced in 139 sets in the United States and licensed in Italy. It is also a derivative base along with AN/SPS-6. The successor, AN/SPS-28 (a miniaturized version of AN / SPS-17), began deployment in 1957, but was soon replaced by

440-429: Was historically also allowed to be carried in the 1452–1492   MHz range in some countries. WorldSpace satellite radio used to broadcast in the 1467–1492 MHz L sub-band. DVB-H , DVB-SH , and DVB-T2 can operate in the L band. T-DMB can operate in the L band. The band contains the hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen (the hydrogen line , 1420 MHz), which is of great astronomical interest as

462-476: Was installed in the anti-submarine aircraft carrier with ( SCB-54 ). However, when 25 sets of AN/SPS-6, 45 sets of AN/SPS-6A, and 110 sets of AN/SPS-6B were produced, the production shifted to the improved AN/SPS-6C to AN/SPS-6C-E. More AN/SPS-6C-E were produced. The AN/SPS-6C is similar to the AN/SPS-6B, but with a lighter antenna, 800 lb (360 kg) compared to the conventional 1,000 lb (450 kg). On

SECTION 20

#1733085752246

484-490: Was similar to the AN/SPS-6B. In addition, it could be operated in an environment with a wind speed of up to 70 kn (36 m / s). The first unit was handed over in September 1953. Later, a new and powerful transmitter (12 MW) could be introduced, which could deliver a detection range of 90 nmi (170 km) and up to 200 nmi (370 km) for jet aircraft. As an improved version, the AN/SPS-12B was developed once, but its introduction

#245754