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32-436: Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt or A.C.B.B. is a French sports club based in the suburbs of Paris in the commune of Boulogne-Billancourt . The club offers a variety of sports, but is primarily known for cycling, rugby union , judo, figure skating , and swimming. In all sports combined, Boulogne-Billancourt has produced 28 Olympic medalists , 42 World champions , and 67 European champions, if you take into account

64-570: A few. One of the most notable cyclists that emerged from the club was Jacques Anquetil who became the first cyclist in the history of the sport to win the Tour de France five times. Anquetil also won two Giro d'Italia , one Vuelta a España , and captured two medals in Olympic competition. Prior to 1975, the club limited the number of foreign riders who could join. However, in 1975, the club changed their policy and started their very own Foreign Legion , which

96-429: A larger multisports club are examples of this (namely, Portuguese SADs ( Sociedade Anónima Desportiva ) such as Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal , or Spanish SADs ( Sociedad Anónima Deportiva ) Real Zaragoza, S.A.D. and Real Betis Balompié S.A.D. , as well as Italian clubs like Società Sportiva Lazio S.p.A. ). Some sports teams are owned and financed by a single non-sports company , for example

128-516: A player on one sports team within a sports and entertainment company to automatically play for another team in the same company. On the other hand, American varsity teams are generally organized into a structure forming a true multi-sport club belonging to an educational institution, but varsity collegiate athletics are almost never referred to as clubs; "club sports" in American colleges and universities refer to sports that are not directly sponsored by

160-897: A single sport or to several ( multi-sport clubs ). The term "athletics club" is sometimes used for a general sports club, rather than one dedicated to athletics proper. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn 's Turners movement, first realized at Volkspark Hasenheide in Berlin in 1811, was the origin of the modern sports clubs . Larger sports clubs are characterized by having professional and amateur departments in various sports such as bike polo , football , basketball , futsal , cricket , volleyball , handball , rink hockey , bowling , water polo , rugby , track and field athletics , boxing , baseball , cycling , tennis , rowing , gymnastics , and others, including less traditional sports such as airsoft , billiards , e-sports , orienteering , paintball , or roller derby . The teams and athletes belonging to

192-706: A single sport. There are some exceptions, especially when multiple such teams are under one ownership structure, in which case the club may be referred to as a "sports and entertainment" company; see, for example, the One Buffalo sports club, which fields an NFL team (the Buffalo Bills ), two hockey teams ( Buffalo Sabres and Rochester Americans ), professional lacrosse ( Buffalo Bandits and Rochester Knighthawks ), and general athletics and fitness (Impact Sports and Performance). Even in such circumstances, collective bargaining agreements and contract laws generally do not allow

224-421: A sports club may compete in several different leagues, championships and tournaments wearing the same club colors and using the same club name, sharing also the same club fan base , supporters and facilities. Many professional sports clubs have an associate system where the affiliated supporters pay an annuity fee. In those cases, supporters become eligible to attend the club's home matches and exhibitions across

256-543: Is a French judoka , world and Olympic champion. She won the gold medal in the half middleweight division at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona . She won a gold medal at the 1989 World Judo Championships and bronze medals at the 1991 and at the 1995 World Judo Championships . She was the first french woman in history winning the gold medal at the Olympics This biographical article related to French judo

288-1413: Is also a multisports organisation, with badminton , cricket, association football and tennis facilities. In addition, like in several other countries, many universities and colleges develop a wide range of student sport activities including at a professional or semi-professional level. Fulham F.C. once ran a professional rugby league team and rowing club, which other football clubs have emulated since. Many football clubs originate from cricket teams. Today, most major cities have separate clubs for each sport (e.g. Manchester United Football Club and Lancashire County Cricket Club are based in Manchester ). Many clubs internationally describe themselves as football clubs ("FC", "Football Club" in British English and "Fußball-Club" in German; "CF", Clube de Futebol in Portuguese and Club de Fútbol in Spanish). Generally, British football clubs field only football teams. Their counterparts in several other countries tend to be full multi-sport clubs, even when called football clubs ( Futebol Clube do Porto ; Fußball-Club Bayern München ; Futbol Club Barcelona ). The equivalent abbreviation "SC" (for "Soccer Club")

320-415: Is more common in the case of individual sports, such as the sport of athletics , where a distance runner may compete for a track and field team as well as a road running team, and also have further membership at a local sports club for training purposes. Some national sports bodies require an athlete to state a priority order of their club membership, outlining which club has the higher, or first, claim on

352-645: Is occasionally used in North American English (for example, Nashville SC and Orlando City SC ), but a general reluctance to decolonize the sport terminology means that most North American teams, somewhat ambiguously, as "football" in North American English refers to North American gridiron-style football still use "F.C." in their name instead (e.g. FC Dallas or Toronto FC ). Catherine Fleury Catherine Fleury (born 18 June 1966 in Paris )

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384-485: Is the owner of the Cardiff Arms Park site. It is responsible for much of the premier amateur sporting activities in city with cricket ( Cardiff Cricket Club ), rugby union (it is the major shareholder of the semi-professional Cardiff Rugby Club ), field hockey ( Cardiff & Met Hockey Club ), tennis ( Lisvane (CAC) Tennis Club ) and bowls ( Cardiff Athletic Bowls Club ) sections. Catford Wanderers Sports Club

416-551: The 1968 Winter Olympics and the 1972 Games , and Surya Bonaly , who won over 20 medals while active. In team sports, Boulogne-Billancourt is hardly relevant, excluding the ice hockey team, which has won the Ligue Magnus three times and has also won the prestigious Spengler Cup on three occasions. In rugby, the team is currently playing in Fédérale 2 , the fourth division of French rugby . Notable players who have played rugby with

448-707: The 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles when Brégeon obtained the silver medal following his performance in the K-2 1000 metres . Brégeon also won the bronze in the K-2 500 metres event. Also at the Olympics, Didier Vavasseur captured the bronze medal in the K-4 1000 metres event. In swimming, the club hasn't produced many medals, but have sent the likes of David Holderbach , Lionel Poirot , and Frédéric Lefèvre to various Olympic Games ranging from

480-536: The 1988 Games to 1996 . One of the club's notable swimmers was Yann de Frabique , who, though didn't perform well on the Olympic stage, won eight medals in three Summer Universiade Games. In figure skating, Alain Calmat is one of the more notable skaters who originated from the club. Calmat won over 25 medals, which includes five golds at the French Figure Skating Championships , three golds at

512-450: The 1992 Summer Olympics , held in Barcelona , Spain, the club was honored with being the best sporting club in Europe and second-best in the world, following three alumnus capturing of two gold medals and one silver. At the start of the new millennium, the club had over 34 branches of sport and increased their membership to over 9,000. Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt's cycling section of

544-688: The European Figure Skating Championships , and one gold at the World Figure Skating Championship . Calmat also won a silver medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics , held in Innsbruck , Austria. Other notable skaters that began their careers at the club include Alain Giletti , an early rival of Calmat, who won over 20 medals, 16 of them gold, Patrick Péra , who succeeded Calmat and Giletti, who won two bronze medals, one each at

576-600: The United States major institutions like The New York Athletic Club and Los Angeles Athletic Club serve as athletic clubs that participate in multiple sports. Examples also abound of sports clubs that are in effect one sports team. Each team from the NFL (American football), CFL (Canadian football), NBA (basketball), MLB (baseball), NHL (ice hockey) or MLS (association football) North American sports leagues , can be called sports clubs, but in practice, they focus solely on

608-634: The athlete's services. In many regions of the world like Europe , North Africa , West Asia , the Indian subcontinent or Central and South America , sports clubs with several sports departments (multisports clubs) or branches, including highly competitive professional teams, are very popular and have developed into some of the most powerful and representative sports institutions in those places. In general, student sports can be described as composed by multisports clubs, each one representing its educational institution and competing in several sport disciplines. In

640-493: The club has produced gold medalists in Cécile Nowak and Catherine Fleury , who both won golds in their respective weight classes at the 1992 Summer Olympics . Nowak had previously been a World champion after winning gold at the 1991 World Judo Championships . Pascal Tayot won a silver medal in his weight class, also at the 1992 Olympics, and later won gold the following year at the 1993 Mediterranean Games . Larbi Benboudaoud

672-835: The club include Hatem Ben Arfa , who is a French international and currently plays for Paris Saint Germain , Issiar Dia , who is a Senegalese international , Barkley Miguel Panzo who plays for the Angola National team , Loïc Damour , Tripy Makonda , and Ishak Belfodil , who play professionally for Strasbourg , PSG , and Olympique Lyonnais , respectively. Sports club Sports clubs range from organisations whose members play together, unpaid, and may play other similar clubs on occasion, watched mostly by family and friends, to large commercial organisations with professional players which have teams that regularly compete against those of other clubs and sometimes attract very large crowds of paying spectators . Clubs may be dedicated to

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704-632: The club originally began in 1924 under L'Association Cycliste de Boulogne-Billancourt. The cycling section of the club is celebrated as the club's most influential section and is touted as one of the best in France and in the world as the club regularly trains riders from various countries such as England, the Republic of Ireland, Australia, Scotland, and Estonia. The section has produced numerous cycling champions, which include Pierre Adam , André Darrigade , Jean Stablinski , Bernard Thévenet , Stephen Roche , to name

736-483: The club. Currently, 16-year-olds Jason Bli and Ilan Boccara are highly sought-after recruits who currently play for Paris Saint-Germain after joining the club from Boulogne-Billancourt. It can also be described the other way around as youth players who are often rejected by Paris Saint-Germain often are recruited by Boulogne-Billancourt. Boulogne-Billancourt regularly send their players to the prestigious Clairefontaine academy. Notable players that started their careers at

768-579: The colleges but by student organizations (see National Club Football Association and American Collegiate Hockey Association for two leagues consisting entirely of college "club" teams in American football and ice hockey , respectively). In the United Kingdom , almost all major sports organisations are dedicated to a single sport, the exception to this is Cardiff Athletic Club based in Cardiff , Wales, which

800-447: The entire season, and have the right to practice almost every kind of sport at the club's facilities. Registered associate member fees, attendance receipts, sponsoring contracts, team merchandising , TV rights, and athlete/player transfer fees , are usually the primary sources of sports club financing. In addition, there are sports clubs, or its teams, which are publicly listed - several professional European football clubs belonging to

832-523: The field of competitive club sports, an athlete will typically be registered to only one club for a given discipline and will compete for that club exclusively for the duration of a competition or season. Exceptions to this include player trades and transfers, athlete loan agreements and unattached trialists. Where an athlete competes in multiple disciplines, or where club membership has social or training aspects such as local athletic clubs, then athletes may register with multiple clubs. Multiple membership

864-632: The leadership of the mayor, at the time, Yves Colmar, he urged the following clubs; L'Association Cycliste de Boulogne-Billancourt, U.S.S.O.B., Les Amis de la Boule Ferrée, La Jeunesse Sportive, Lou Païs Athlétic Club, Le Rowing Club de Boulogne, and Les Sauveteurs Marinier to merge in order to form a single entity in the city. As a result, the club was formed and initially began with only 350 members. In 1963, Boulogne-Billancourt celebrated its 20th anniversary and increased its membership to over 6,000 athletes, who played under 28 branches of sport, which included ice hockey , which had been added two years prior. At

896-711: The several sports teams owned by Red Bull GmbH and collectively known as Red Bulls . Other examples of this are the several sports teams owned by Bayer AG and Philips corporations through the Bayer 04 Leverkusen and PSV Eindhoven respectively, that originally were works teams , the teams owned by the Samsung Group ( Samsung Sports ), and the teams owned by the Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG). They may compete in several different sports and leagues, being headquartered in some cases across several countries. In

928-514: The sports club predecessor, which comprised seven local sports clubs in the area. The last Olympic medalist was Larbi Benboudaoud , who captured the silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt was founded on 18 March 1943 by Peter Klemann as a result of mergers between seven different sports club located in Boulogne-Billancourt . Under

960-517: The team include Nick Mallett , who currently manages the Italy rugby union national team , Michel Tachdjian , and Abdelatif Benazzi . In football, the club has struggled with regards to senior football, but has performed well in youth often reaching the final rounds of the Coupe Gambardella . The club unofficially serves as a feeder club to Paris Saint-Germain who often recruit young players from

992-672: Was composed of international cyclists. The club provided the new riders with bikes, clothes, and accommodation and expenses leaving the rider with the job of training and winning races. Notable international cyclists that started with the club include Stephen Roche , Phil Anderson , Robert Millar , Paul Kimmage , Sean Yates , Allan Peiper , Seamus Elliott , Jacques Boyer , Graham Jones , Jaan Kirsipuu , John Herety , Matthew Stephens (cyclist) and Paul Sherwen . Other primary sports Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt are relatively strong at are notably judo, kayaking , figure skating , swimming, rugby , and association football. In judo,

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1024-439: Was the last medalist in the club's judo section after winning the silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. In kayaking, the club is notable for having produced World champion Bernard Brégeon who won a gold medal at the 1982 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in the K-2 10000 metres event. Brégeon later earned bronze and silver at the 1985 and 1986 events, respectively. The club achieved success at

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