64-724: The A363 is a main road in the United Kingdom which runs through Bath and North East Somerset and Wiltshire . It provides a link between the small market towns of West Wiltshire and Bath, the M4 westbound, and the M5 . It runs from the A4 at Bathford to the A350 at Yarnbrook , passing through Bradford-on-Avon and Trowbridge . It also links Westbury by merging with the A350. The road starts off bypassing Bathford to
128-452: A largely agricultural basis to include coal mining with the coming of canals and railways. Bath developed as a spa resort in Georgian times and remains a major cultural tourism centre having gained World Heritage City status. Although B&NES was only created in 1996 the area it covers has been occupied for thousands of years. The age of the henge monument at Stanton Drew stone circles
192-597: A number of shops. The 2004 Bristol/Bath to South Coast Study was commissioned as a result of the de-trunking in 1999 of the A36/A46 trunk road network from Bath to Southampton. The area is served by BBC West and ITV West Country broadcasting from the Mendip TV transmitter . Local radio stations are: State-funded schools are organised within the district of Bath and North East Somerset. A review of Secondary Education in Bath
256-515: A student of chemistry and medicine at Wadham College , Oxford , moved to Bath and set up practice. He became interested in the curative properties of the waters and in 1676 he wrote A discourse of Bathe, and the hot waters there. Also, Some Enquiries into the Nature of the water . This brought the health-giving properties of the hot mineral waters to the attention of the country and soon the aristocracy started to arrive to partake in them. Several areas of
320-598: A successful petition, a referendum was held on 10 March 2016 proposing a directly elected mayor for Bath and North East Somerset. However, the majority of voters in the district opted to stay with the current system. The area of the city of Bath , which was formerly the Bath county borough , is unparished . The fifteen electoral wards of Bath are: Bathwick , Combe Down , Kingsmead , Lambridge, Lansdown , Moorlands, Newbridge , Odd Down , Oldfield Park, Southdown, Twerton , Walcot , Westmoreland , Weston and Widcombe & Lyncombe . These wards are co-extensive with
384-411: A unique set of buildings and architecture . The creamy gold of Bath stone further unified the city, much of it obtained from the limestone Combe Down and Bathampton Down Mines , which were owned by Ralph Allen (1694–1764). Allen, in order to advertise the quality of his quarried limestone, commissioned the elder John Wood to build him a country house on his Prior Park estate between the city and
448-641: A villa at Keynsham . The Saxon advance from the east seems to have been halted by battles between the British and Saxons, for example; at the siege of Badon Mons Badonicus (which may have been in the Bath region e.g. at Solsbury Hill ), or Bathampton Down . This area became the border between the Romano-British Celts and the West Saxons following the Battle of Deorham in 577 AD. The Western Wandsdyke
512-471: Is green belt . It stretches from the outskirts of Bristol , south into the Mendip Hills and east to the southern Cotswold Hills and Wiltshire border. Surrounding local government areas include Bristol, North Somerset , Somerset, South Gloucestershire , and Wiltshire. The city of Bath is the principal settlement in the district, but B&NES also covers Keynsham , Midsomer Norton , Radstock and
576-658: Is 52.0%. Special needs education is provided by Three Ways School . Bath has two universities. The University of Bath was established in 1966. It is known, academically, for the physical sciences, mathematics, architecture, management and technology. Bath Spa University was first granted degree-awarding powers in 1992 as a university college (Bath Spa University College), before being granted university status in August 2005. It has schools in Art and Design, Education, English and Creative Studies, Historical and Cultural Studies, Music and
640-666: Is a unitary authority district in Somerset , South West England. Bath and North East Somerset Council was created on 1 April 1996 following the abolition of the county of Avon . It is part of the ceremonial county of Somerset. The unitary authority provides a single tier of local government with responsibility for almost all local government functions within the district, including local planning and building control , local roads, council housing , environmental health , markets and fairs, refuse collection , recycling , cemeteries , crematoria , leisure services, parks, and tourism. It
704-408: Is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of North and North East Somerset and South Gloucestershire at current basic prices published by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. The major towns and villages in the district are: Bath is approximately 12 miles (19 km) south-east of the larger city and port of Bristol , to which it is linked by
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#1732872275524768-451: Is again the highest (best) performance for an ambulance trust in the country. This means that when SWASFT takes a patient to an emergency department they are likely to be admitted, not simply treated and discharged, confirming that this is the right place for them to receive the care they need. The number of compliments received by the trust in 2014/2015 increased by 41% to 2,055 while complaints also rose by 20% to 1,268. The inspection of
832-525: Is also responsible for education , social services , libraries , main roads, public transport, trading standards , waste disposal and strategic planning, although fire, police and ambulance services are provided jointly with other authorities through the Avon Fire and Rescue Service , Avon and Somerset Constabulary and the South Western Ambulance Service . Its administrative headquarters
896-977: Is headquartered in Exeter , Devon. It has 96 ambulance stations and six charity-operated air ambulance bases within its area. The chief executive is John Martin. The trust's core operations include: It is one of the ambulance trusts providing England with emergency medical services , and employs around 4,500 mainly clinical and operational staff (including Paramedics, Emergency Care Practitioners, Advanced Technicians, Emergency Care Assistants, Ambulance Care Assistants and Nurse Practitioners). In addition there are around 3,200 volunteers including community first responders , BASICS doctors, fire service co-responders and patient transport drivers. The trust covers an area of 10,000 square miles (26,000 km ). There are 95 ambulance stations, six air ambulance bases delivered by five charities, two control rooms, two Hazardous Area Response Team (HART) bases and one boat across
960-557: Is in Bath , though many departments are based at offices in Keynsham . The air ambulance and critical care service is provided by the charity Great Western Air Ambulance Charity . Bath and North East Somerset covers an area of 136 square miles (352 km ), of which two thirds is green belt . It stretches from the outskirts of Bristol , south into the Mendip Hills and east to the southern Cotswold Hills and Wiltshire border. The city of Bath
1024-464: Is performing exceptionally well), good (the service is performing well and meeting our expectations), requires improvement (the service isn't performing as well as it should) and inadequate (the service is performing badly): SWASFT has two emergency control centres which take emergency calls and dispatch resources: one within the Exeter headquarters and the other at Filton , north of Bristol. As of 2018 ,
1088-652: Is run annually through the city streets, with over 10,000 runners. Bath also has a thriving cycling community, with places for biking including Royal Victoria Park , 'The Tumps' in Odd Down/east, the jumps on top of Lansdown , and Prior Park. Places for biking near Bath include Brown's Folly in Batheaston and Box Woods, in Box . There are sport and leisure centres in Bath, Keynsham the Chew Valley and Midsomer Norton . Much of
1152-521: Is the organisation responsible for providing ambulance services for the National Health Service (NHS) across South West England . It serves the council areas of Bath and North East Somerset , Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council , Bristol , Cornwall , Devon , Dorset , Gloucestershire , North Somerset , Plymouth , Isles of Scilly , Somerset , South Gloucestershire , Swindon , Torbay and Wiltshire . On 1 March 2011, SWASFT
1216-462: Is the principal settlement in the district, but B&NES also covers Keynsham, Midsomer Norton , Radstock , Westfield , Saltford and the Chew Valley . The area has varied geography including river valleys and rolling hills. The history of human habitation is long but expanded massively during Roman times , and played significant roles in the Saxon era and English Civil War . Industry developed from
1280-601: Is unknown, but is believed to be from the Neolithic period, as is the chambered tomb known as Stoney Littleton Long Barrow . Solsbury Hill has an Iron Age hill fort . The hills around Bath such as Bathampton Down saw human activity from the Mesolithic period. Several Bronze Age round barrows were opened by John Skinner in the 18th century. Bathampton Camp may have been a univallate Iron Age hill fort or stock enclosure. A long barrow site believed to be from
1344-503: The A4 road , and is a similar distance south of the M4 motorway . Bath and North East Somerset is also served by the A37 and A368 trunk roads, and a network of smaller roads. Bath is also 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Chippenham , and 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Corsham . Bath is connected to Bristol and the sea by the River Avon , navigable via locks by small boats. The river
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#17328722755241408-715: The Beaker people was flattened to make way for RAF Charmy Down . The archaeological evidence shows that the site of the Roman Baths ' main spring was treated as a shrine by the Celts , and was dedicated to the goddess Sulis , whom the Romans identified with Minerva ; however, the name Sulis continued to be used after the Roman invasion, leading to Bath's Roman name of Aquae Sulis (literally, "the waters of Sulis"). Excavations carried out before
1472-616: The Chew Valley . Bath lies on the River Avon and its tributaries such as the River Chew and Midford Brook cross the area. In the west of the area the Chew Valley consists of the valley of the River Chew and is generally low-lying and undulating. It is bounded by higher ground ranging from Dundry Down to the north, the Lulsgate Plateau to the west, the Mendip Hills to the south and
1536-459: The Hinton Blewett , Marksbury and Newton St Loe plateau areas to the east. The River Chew was dammed in the 1950s to create Chew Valley Lake , which provides drinking water for the nearby city of Bristol and surrounding areas. The lake is a prominent landscape feature of the valley, a focus for recreation, and is internationally recognised for its nature conservation interest, because of
1600-455: The Hwicce , set up a monastic house at Bath, probably using the walled area as its precinct. King Offa of Mercia gained control of this monastery in 781 and rebuilt the church, which was dedicated to St. Peter . In the ninth century the old Roman street pattern had been lost and it had become a royal possession, with King Alfred laying out the town afresh, leaving its south-eastern quadrant as
1664-580: The Labour Party winning only five seats; the Liberal Democrats went on to form a minority administration. In 2015 , the Conservative Party became the first party to secure a majority, with 37 seats. The Liberal Democrats subsequently took majority control of the council in 2019, and increased their majority again in 2023. The current council composes of 59 councillors , 28 from Bath, 6 each from
1728-582: The Norton Radstock and Keynsham areas, and 19 others. The current political division after the election of May 2023 is: Local concerns include the building of a new road for buses on Conservation Area land as part of the Bath Transportation Package, the closure of a Bath Secondary School to remove excess places, economic difficulties in the Norton Radstock area, development of the large Western Riverside brownfield land site in Bath, and
1792-592: The unreformed House of Commons . Bath now has a single parliamentary constituency , with Liberal Democrat Wera Hobhouse as Member of Parliament. The rest of the area falls within the Frome and East Somerset and North East Somerset and Hanham constituencies. Previously most of the area was in the Wansdyke constituency , which covers the part of B&NES that is not in the Bath constituency. It also contained four wards or parts of wards from South Gloucestershire Council. It
1856-544: The Assembly Rooms, while the south side of Queen Square was destroyed. All have since been reconstructed. The River Chew suffered a major flood in 1968 with serious damage to towns and villages along its route, including Chew Stoke , Chew Magna , Stanton Drew , Publow , Woollard , Compton Dando and Chewton Keynsham . The flood even swept away the bridge at Pensford . Bath and North East Somerset covers an area of 136 square miles (352 km ), of which two thirds
1920-756: The Performing Arts, and Social Sciences. It also awards degrees through colleges such as Weston College in nearby Weston-super-Mare . Bath Rugby plays at the Recreation Ground . Bath Cricket Club play at the North Parade cricket ground next door to the Recreation Ground. Bath City F.C. is the major football team in Bath city but there are also clubs in the surrounding areas such as; Paulton Rovers F. C. , Bishop Sutton A.F.C. , Radstock Town F.C. and Welton Rovers F.C. The Bath Half Marathon
1984-457: The SWASFT operational area. In 2017/2018, approximately one in nine 999 calls to SWASFT were treated over the telephone. "Hear and treat", where the patient receives clinical advice over the telephone, accounted for 11.6% of calls. For 35.8% of incidents the patients experienced "see and treat", when the patient receives treatment or advice at the scene of the incident. In a further 5.9% of incidents,
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2048-457: The abbey precinct. Edgar of England was crowned king of England in Bath Abbey in 973. King William Rufus granted the city to a royal physician, John of Tours , who became Bishop of Wells and Abbot of Bath in 1088. It was papal policy for bishops to move to more urban seats, and he translated his own from Wells to Bath. He planned and began a much larger church as his cathedral, to which
2112-532: The bird species, plants and insects. To the north of Bath are Lansdown , Langridge and Solsbury hills. These are outliers of the Cotswolds . Historically part of the county of Somerset , Bath was made a county borough in 1889 so being independent of the newly created administrative Somerset county council , which covered the rest of the area that became B&NES. The area that would become B&NES became part of Avon when that non-metropolitan county
2176-798: The canal towpath. Although Bath does not have an airport, the city is about 18 miles (29 km) from Bristol Airport , which may be reached by road or by rail via Bristol Temple Meads station . Bath is served by the Bath Spa railway station (designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel ), which has regular connections to London Paddington , Bristol Temple Meads , Cardiff Central , Swansea , Exeter St Davids , Plymouth and Penzance (see Great Western Main Line ), and also Westbury , Warminster , Frome , Salisbury , Southampton Central , Portsmouth Harbour and Brighton (see Wessex Main Line ). Services are provided by Great Western Railway . There are suburban stations on
2240-550: The centre, which is open seven days a week and provides treatment for minor injuries and ailments. SWASFT ran the NHS 111 non-emergency phone service for Dorset, from a call centre at St Leonards . In 2016, the Care Quality Commission told SWASFT to make significant improvements in the service. In July 2019, the trust announced that it was handing back the contract for the service, owing to staff shortages, and on 1 May 2020,
2304-500: The centres had a combined staff of around 450. After a reorganisation in 2018, the trust's operations and ambulance stations are divided into eight areas. From its control centre, SWASFT is able to deploy a number of charity-funded air ambulance services that operate within its area: The SWASFT vehicle fleet includes In May 2014, the trust won a contract to run a doctor-led minor injuries unit at Tiverton and District Hospital , Devon. Patients do not need an appointment to visit
2368-453: The city began to attract the aristocracy. Bath was granted city status by Royal Charter by Queen Elizabeth I in 1590. Keynsham , said to be named after Saint Keyne , developed into a medieval market town, its growth prompted by the foundation of an influential and prosperous abbey , founded by the Victorine order of Augustinian monks around 1170. It survived until the dissolution of
2432-479: The city underwent development during the Stuart period, and this increased during Georgian times in response to increasing numbers of people visiting the spa and resort town and requiring accommodation. The architects John Wood the elder and his son John Wood the younger laid out the new quarters in streets and squares, the identical facades of which gave an impression of palatial scale and classical decorum providing
2496-598: The city, except that Newbridge includes also two parishes beyond the city boundary. 170,238 people live in the area and approximately half live in the City of Bath making it 12 times more densely populated than the rest of the area. According to the UK Government 's 2001 census , Bath, together with North East Somerset, which includes areas around Bath as far as the Chew Valley , has a population of 169,040, with an average age of 39.9 (the national average being 38.6). According to
2560-647: The evening of 25 April and the early morning of 27 April 1942, Bath suffered three air raids in reprisal for RAF raids on the German cities of Lübeck and Rostock . The three raids formed part of the Luftwaffe campaign popularly known as the Baedeker Blitz ; over 400 people were killed, and more than 19,000 buildings were damaged or destroyed. Houses in the Royal Crescent , Circus and Paragon were burnt out along with
2624-516: The flooding of Chew Valley Lake also uncovered Roman remains, indicating agricultural and industrial activity from the second half of the first century until the third century AD. The finds included a moderately large villa at Chew Park, where wooden writing tablets (the first in the UK) with ink writing were found. There is also evidence from the Pagans Hill Roman Temple at Chew Stoke , and
A363 road - Misplaced Pages Continue
2688-470: The line was the Pensford Viaduct over the River Chew . The viaduct is 995 feet long, reaches a maximum height of 95 feet to rail level and consists of 16 arches. It is now a Grade II listed building . Freight services on the branch ceased in 1951. The line achieved some fame after closure by its use in the film The Titfield Thunderbolt , but the track was taken up in 1958. During World War II, between
2752-615: The main line at Oldfield Park and Keynsham which have a limited commuter service to Bristol. Green Park station was once operated by the Somerset & Dorset Joint Railway , whose line (always steam driven) climbed over the Mendip Hills and served many towns and villages on its 71-mile (114 km) run to Bournemouth ; this example of an English rural line was closed by the Beeching cuts in March 1966, with few remaining signs of its existence, but its Bath station building survives and now houses
2816-788: The mines. In north Somerset, around Radstock mining in the Somerset coalfield was an important industry, and in an effort to reduce the cost of transporting the coal the Somerset Coal Canal was built; part of it was later converted into a railway. It connected to the Kennet and Avon Canal which linked the River Thames at Reading and the Floating Harbour at Bristol , joining the River Avon at Bath via Bath Locks . The Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway connected Bath and Bournemouth . It
2880-617: The monasteries in 1539 and a house was built on the site. The remains have been designated as Grade I listed by English Heritage . During the English Civil War , Somerset, which was largely Parliamentarian , was the site of a number of important battles between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians . The Battle of Lansdowne was fought on 5 July 1643 on the northern outskirts of the city. In 1668 Thomas Guidott , who had been
2944-421: The national averages, though the non-religious , at 19.5%, are significantly more prevalent than the national 14.8%. Although Bath is known for the restorative powers of its waters, and only 7.4% of the population describe themselves as "not healthy" in the last 12 months, compared to a national average of 9.2%; only 15.8% of the inhabitants say they have had a long-term illness, as against 18.2% nationally. This
3008-428: The now popular, but long delayed Thermae Bath Spa development. On 10 December 2003, Bath and North East Somerset was granted Fairtrade Zone status. Between 2000 and 2014, Bath and North East Somerset Council ran a youth democracy group, Democratic Action for B&NES Youth (DAFBY). The group was consulted by the council and its partners on issues that affected young people. Download coordinates as: Following
3072-513: The opening of the business park, the older road through North Bradley became declassified. The A363 then terminates at a roundabout with the A350 in Yarnbrook. When it was first designated in the 1920s, the road continued on from Yarnbrook as far as Chippenham , but by 1948 this stretch had been redesignated as a continuation of the A350 . Download coordinates as: Bath and North East Somerset Bath and North East Somerset ( B&NES )
3136-472: The patient was taken to a non-emergency hospital department such as a community hospital or minor injuries unit. The remaining incidents resulted in a patient being taken to a hospital emergency department, thus around half of the incidents (53%) resulted in a patient not being conveyed. In 2017, SWASFT was the best performing ambulance service in the country for non-conveyance rates. In addition approximately 62% of patients taken to hospital were admitted – this
3200-668: The restart of the B3109 which had been concurrent with the A363 for a short distance, thus easing congestion. The road passes over a low hill, then descends into Trowbridge. It is concurrent for a short distance with the A361 , then emerges as Bradley Road . There are three roundabouts as the road goes through North Bradley via the White Horse Business Park, to the south. Until the 1980s it passed through North Bradley's residential lane, but since
3264-455: The road descends a steep 1 in 7 (14%) hill, known as Masons Lane . This is the road's main bottleneck since this leads to Bradford-on-Avon's only vehicle bridge over the River Avon (which splits the town in two), and at this stage travellers have merged with traffic from Melksham , Corsham and Chippenham ( B3109 ) which is fed here. The road passes on towards Trowbridge. 1/4 mile (400 m) after Town Bridge , traffic to Frome splits off upon
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#17328722755243328-494: The same statistics, the district is overwhelmingly populated by people of a white ethnic background at 97.2% – significantly higher than the national average of 90.9%. Other non-white ethnic groups in the district, in order of population size, are multiracial at 1%, Asian at 0.5% and black at 0.5% (the national averages are 1.3%, 4.6% and 2.1%, respectively). The district is largely Christian at 71%, with no other religion reaching more than 0.5%. These figures generally compare with
3392-547: The surrounding countryside is accessible for walking and both Chew Valley Lake and Blagdon Lake provide extensive fishing under permit from Bristol Water . The River Chew and most of its tributaries also have fishing but this is generally under licences to local angling clubs. Chew Valley Sailing Club is situated on Chew Valley Lake and provides dinghy sailing at all levels and hosts national and international competitions. South Western Ambulance Service The South Western Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (SWASFT)
3456-475: The trust by the Care Quality Commission in 2016 identified several areas which required improvement. The trust's income for 2017/18 was £240 million. In 2018, the trust said it would need an extra £12M a year to meet the new ambulance performance standards. In its last inspection of the service in June 2018, the Care Quality Commission (CQC) gave the following ratings on a scale of outstanding (the service
3520-545: The west. It then climbs up the hill known locally as Sally in the Woods , on the edge of the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty , which has been the scene of a fatal accident. The road summits at the turn-off to Monkton Farleigh , at an altitude of 144 metres. After this, the road quality improves in that it widens and is straighter. This continues up to the approach to Bradford-on-Avon. Through Bradford-on-Avon itself,
3584-462: Was attached a priory, with the bishop's palace beside it. New baths were built around the three springs. Later bishops, however, returned the episcopal seat to Wells, while retaining the name of Bath in their title as the Bishop of Bath and Wells . The priory at Hinton Charterhouse was founded in 1232 by Ela, Countess of Salisbury who also founded Lacock Abbey . By the 15th century, Bath's abbey church
3648-490: Was badly dilapidated and in need of repairs. Oliver King , Bishop of Bath and Wells , decided in 1500 to rebuild it on a smaller scale. The new church was completed just a few years before Bath Priory was dissolved in 1539 by Henry VIII . The abbey church was allowed to become derelict before being restored as the city's parish church in the Elizabethan period , when the city revived as a spa . The baths were improved and
3712-456: Was connected to the River Thames and London by the Kennet & Avon Canal in 1810 via Bath Locks ; this waterway – closed for many years, but restored in the last years of the 20th century – is now popular with narrow boat users. Bath is on National Cycle Route 4 , with one of Britain's first cycleways , the Bristol & Bath Railway Path , to the west, and an eastern route toward London on
3776-488: Was created in 1974. Since the abolition of Avon in 1996, Bath has been the main centre of the district of Bath and North East Somerset (B&NES), one of the four authorities that replaced Avon County Council and the six district councils of Avon. B&NES covers the combined areas of the non-metropolitan districts (that existed 1974 to 1996) of Wansdyke and Bath. Before the Reform Act of 1832 Bath elected two members to
3840-777: Was jointly operated by the Midland Railway and the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR). After the 1 January 1923 Grouping , joint ownership of the S&;D passed to the LMS and the Southern Railway . The area was also served by the Bristol and North Somerset Railway that connected Bristol with towns in the Somerset coalfield . The line was opened in 1873 between Bristol and Radstock , where it joined with an earlier freight-only line from Frome . The biggest civil engineering project on
3904-450: Was named after the former Wansdyke district. Since B&NES was created, until 2015, no political party had been in overall control of the council. The Liberal Democrats quickly became the dominant party, but in the local elections on 3 May 2007 the Conservative Party won 31 seats and became the largest party, though they did not have a majority. In the 2011 local elections , the Liberal Democrats and Conservatives won 29 seats each with
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#17328722755243968-436: Was probably built during the 5th or 6th century. The ditch is on the north side, so presumably it was used by the Celts as a defence against Saxons encroaching from the upper Thames valley . According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , the Saxon Cenwalh achieved a breakthrough against the British Celtic tribes, with victories at Bradford-on-Avon (in the Avon Gap in the Wansdyke) in 652 AD. In 675, Osric , King of
4032-537: Was started in 2007, primarily to reduce surplus provision and reduce the number of single-sex secondary schools in Bath, and to access capital funds available through the government's Building Schools for the Future programme. The city contains one further education college, Bath College , and several sixth forms as part of both state , private, and public schools . In England, on average in 2006, 45.8% of pupils gained 5 grades A-C including English and Maths; for Bath and North East Somerset pupils taking GCSE at 16 it
4096-508: Was the first ambulance service in the country to become a NHS foundation trust . On 1 February 2013, the former Great Western Ambulance Service merged with the trust. SWASFT serves a population of more than 5.5 million, and its area is estimated to receive an influx of over 17.5 million visitors each year. The operational area is predominantly rural but also has large urban centres including Bristol, Plymouth, Exeter, Truro, Bath, Swindon, Gloucester, Bournemouth and Poole. The service
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